US975623A - Centrifugal pumping apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

1). W. JONES & E. W. KOPPE.

- GENTRIFUGAL PUMPING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 28, 1907. A 7 975,623, Patented Nov. 15, 1910.

- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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'[HEI] H I 7 3 a M1 9 k 1 WLJONES (m.- W.'K01 PE.; CGENTRIFUGAL PUMPING APBAR TUS.Q

' APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2%}, 1907. 1 v 975,623. Patented Nov. 15, 1910.

UNITED s'rATns PATENT onrron.

DAVID W. JONES AND EARL W. KOPPE, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

GE'N'I'RIFUGAL PUMPING APPARATUS.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that we, Davn) XV. Jones and EARL W. Korrn, both citizens of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, California, 1

have invented anew and useful Centrifugal Pumping Apparatus, of which the following is a specification;

An object'of this invention is to provide improved means whereby the rotating portion of a centrifugal pump will automatically balance itself so that friction caused by upward or downward thrust of the pump runner will be'practically eliminated within certain limits.

A further object is to provide means whereby if further balancing of the pump, is necessary to prevent upward or downward thrust, such balancing may b readily accomplished by adjusting the size of balancing ports provided in the runner itself.

Another object is toprovide a pump in which the discharge pipes are so disposed that the discharging streams balance each other in a manner to prevent one side of the pump frame from being weighted more than the other.

Another object is to so form the pump chamber and arrange the outlets with relation thereto, that the friction of the water against the sides of the casing will be re duced. Qther objects and advantages may hereinafter appear.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention in the embodiment thereof which ,we at present deem preferable.

Referring to said drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation partly in section and partly broken away, of a pumpingapparatus constructed according to the principles of'this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of one of the pump runners including a fragment of the casin therefor. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a modified form of one of the pum runners. Fig. 4; is a plan section on line -X of Fig. 1. Fig.5 isa similar plan section, showing the modification of the urnp runnor on line X*-X of Fig. 3. i i 6 is an enlarged fragment ofa portion 0 the sectioned runner shown inFig. l. Fi 7 is an enlarged section of a portion of h'earing means shown in Fi 1. Fi 8 is a plan view on an enlarged scale of the short up- Specificatlon of Letters Patent. Patented NOV, 15, 1910. Application filed August 28, 1907. Serial No. 390,435. I

l rightsection of pipe forming one of the outlets of the pump. Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmental cross sectional view of the same, illustratingv the method of seating the valve thereon. i

In the drawings we have shown a plurality of widely separated pumps arranged one above the other according to the principles of the invention.

1 designates the lowermost pump and 2 a second pump at a considerable distance thereabove. One or moreintake pipes may be provided for the lower pump. 'In Fig. l, 3 and 4 designate oppositely disposed intake pipes in fixed relation to'the lower pump, 5 and 5 designate members of a pair of swiveled intake'pipes communicating with the same pump. Said supplemental intake pipes 5 and 5 form part of a swiveled T-fitt1ng which permits of the pump being used to draw water from a different pair of wells when it is desired to make a change on account of a well being exhausted or for any other reason. This arrangement is of great utility in many instances where several wells are dug in the bottom of one pit or where there are tunnels running into the pit from wells located at a distance therefrom. It is vastly easier to swing the T-fitting about than it would be to readjust the entire pumping apparatus. It is to be understood that when the suction pipes 5 and 5 are not in use they are closed by suitable caps.

The pump chamber 6 is provided with oppositely disposed discharge channels 7 and 8 eccentrically curved with relation to the pump. chambers thus giving the chamber a double geonchoidal appearance. The disehargepipes 9 and 10 communicate with the outer ends of said discharge channels.

The intake pipes 3, 4, 5 and 5 communiber through inta e pipe or neck 11 through which extends the operating shaft 12 to the lower end of which is secured a pump runner 18. Said runner is provided with the outwardly radiating conchoidal discharge channels 14, of which there may be any desired number. shown as we have found in practice that such a number give excellent results'butthe number may be more or less as desired. The outer faces of webs 15 which separate these cats with the upier side of the pump cham- Three of these channels are i 'channels are provided with V-shaped grooves 16', one function of said grooves belng to cause the resistance of the water, as the runner is rotated, to bear against the center of the web, thus keeping the runner in a more perfect balance than if the face of the webwere smooth and vertical.

A tendency of the stream to divide as it is thrown off by the runner is created by reason of theform and location of grooves 16.

As shown in the sectioned portion of Figs. 1 and 4, said rooves are deep and wide at the mouths of .t e discharge channels, but taper in width and depth as they extend from the mouths of said channels along the periphery of the closed runner shown, to their terminal points. Consequently, as the runner is rotated, the water in the center of the stream issuing from the discharge channels of the runner, first lies at the bottom of the groove and therefore nearest to. the center of the runner, but as the runner rotates, such portion of the water is rapidly moved along to the shallow portion of the groove and in being thus moved, must pass outward from the center of the runner more rapidly than does the water above and below the central portion of the grooves. This results in spreading the stream, because the central portion thereof being delivered the most rapidly, the upper and lower portions of the stream are crowded apart, and kept separate by the central or mid-width portion of the stream.

Each of the balancing grooves 16 extends outwardly from the discharge channels of the runner to and along a portion of the periphery of the runner,that is to say, outward to a point where the face of the groove is in line with the edges of the upper and lower side-plates of the runner. The object of thus extending the groove is to bring it so near the periphery of the runner that the side-plates thereof will not interfere with the upward and downward movements of the water thrown off from said groove, and therefore will not hinder the balancing effect prmduced by the groove, Said grooves are made V-shaped, that is to say, with a double bevel, the tendency of the upper bevel to raise the runner being offset by the tendency of the lower bevel to depress the runrunner inclosed by side walls forming a part thereof, so that no portion of the issuing streams of water within the runner can esmay be necessary than that ordinarily provided by the balancing groove. In such cases auxiliary regulating means are eniployed as will next be described.

At the same distance fwm the operating shaft, both aboveand below the discharge channels, and leading laterally into each dis charge channel are ports, two of which 17 and 18 are shown' in Fig. 6. These ports being all of the same character the'top ones will be marked 17 and the bottom ones 18. In the top of the runner is an annular way desirably formed as a channel 19 in which is mounted a regulating rin 20 which is provided with ports 21 wiich may be brought into register with ports 17, or out of register, and said ring can be turned so that ports 17 may be partly or wholly opened or closed. Ring 20 is held onto the runner by means of screws 22 which pass through slots 23 in the ring and screw into the body of the runner. In the bottom of lhe runner is a like channel 2a in which is a like ring 25 having the same slots and ports therein as ring 20 and for the purpose of controlling ports 18 in the same manner that ring 20 controls ports 17. \Vhen it is desired to nave therunner provided with an upward thrust, ports 17 will be partially or wholly opened, depending upon the amount To provide means for removing any obdructions in the discharge channels of the pump chan'ibers, or in the pump runners, we

provide removable plate-s28 which cover openings in the priphery o'f the pump chamber casings. Faid' removable plates are placed in the periphery of the pump case so that the peripheral openings in the runner pass opposite them. This construction affords ready access to the runner for the purpose-of removing therefrom sticks or other cbtriictions sucked in by the operation of the pump. Owing to said removable plates being located on the periphery of the case nd therefore in line with the direction in which the discharge passages 14 of the runner extend. it is posible to reach the hand or a suitable tool into the interior-0f the vent the return of the water to the pump chambers when the runners stop rotation. As shown in the sectional portion of Fig. 1, the central portion of the upper part of the T-fitting is bored so that the bore is some 'what larger than the operating shaft. for

the reception of the babbitt packing 31 which extends downwardly nearlyto the lower end of the depei'iding hollow-stem 15. A collar 83 is secured to the shaft by screw 34- to prevent the shaft from passing lower in the litting. To the top of the fitting is secured a bearing member 35 through which the operating shaft passes. The lower portion of this bearing member is preferably enlarged to form a lubricating chamber 36. This chamber is provided with a removable door 37 so that it may be cleaned out when desired. In the bearing member just above the lubricating chamber is a babbitt packing 38. In the upper part of the bearing is a spring pressed packing gland 43. 39 designates a headed bolt at each side of said gland and 40 spiral springs between said gland and the heads of said bolts to press said gland against packing 4E3. Said springs are adapted to move said glands sufiiciently to compensate for the wearing away of the greater portion of said packing.

Secured to the top of the bearing and surrounding the same is a brace bar 4E1, having each end thereof secured upon the discharge pipe and together with said. pipes forming a part of the frame. When more than one step is used the discharge pipes of the lower pump chamber discharge into the suction port by the pump chamber above, and as many steps may be used as desired. The discharge pipes at the surface of the ground are clamped between supporting beams 42;

42 which may support the entire apparatus. The water may discharge into any convenient receptacle, such as a box or a flume (not. shown). Secured to the operating shaft between the two upper brace bars is the power pulley 18 to which power is applied by belt 49 from any suitable source of energy.

As shown in Fig. 1, brace bar 41 carries a collar which embraces bearing member 35 of shaft 12. A set screw or other adjusting means, operating between said collar andbearing member, serves to adjust the parts and then hold them in fixed position with re lation to each other. 1 i

The upper pump 2, being constructed in i a manner similar to the lower pump 1.

specific reference is not made to all its parts,

but 9 and 10" indicate the discharge pipes of said upper pump, and 36 37* indicate respectively the lubricating chamber and the removable door.

Hitherto, in the construction of. centrifugal pumps, adapted for being used in deep wells, it has been necessary to provide, not only discharge pipes, but also a separate suspension frame in addition to said discharge pipes; whereas by our invention the discharge pipes are arranged to themselves form the suspension frame, so that in constructing, for example a #5 centrifugal pump, and mounting said pump in a well pit, the following saving is effected by constructing the pump according to the principles of our invention: As formerly constructed, a suspension frame, generally of wood, is used at a cost of approximately $1.30 a foot, in addition to 650. per foot for the single discharge pipe employed. making the total cost $1.95 per foot. With the present invention, the two discharge pipes form the upright-members of the frame, and together cost $1.30 per foot. It followsthat we produce a superior steel frame for $1.30 per foot, including the pipe for discharging the water from the well, thus saving 65c. per foot.

-We are aware that pumping apparatus has heretofore been devised in which a plurality of centrifugal pump runners have been used one above another. So far as we know. however, the successive pump runners have been placed closeto each other, whereas in a pumping apparatus constructed according to the principles of our invention, the pumps are widely separated from each other so as to take advantage of the vacuum created by an upper pump so as to advance the water a substantial distance toward the top of the well in passing from a lower pump to a pump next above in the series. We have found that by separating the pumps a considerable distance from each other as above described we are enabled to revolutions per minute than would be re-' quired to pump the same amount of water] f the pumps were placed close to each other. One reason for-the advantage gained by separating the pumps as above described, appears to be that the water passes to a next higher pump in a smooth even stream, whereas when the'pumps are close together the stream is agitated and more friction is produced, at the intake of an upper pump. The principal reason, however, why so much power is gained by widely separatineithe vertically disposed pumps, evidently lies-in the well known fact. that water reouires to travel a considerable distance before the inertia thereof can be sufiicientlv overcome to greatly increase the quant ty pass ng through a conduit. So far as we are aware,

centrifugal pumps have not heretofore been constructed in a vertical series arranged to take advantage of the principle.

In Fig. 5 is shown a modification of the pump in which the runner is supplied with lugsor extensions 45, one of said' extensions being located at the outer end of each Web of the runner thereby forming extensions of the webs. Said extensions assist materially in driving the'water into the discharge channels 7 and 8' but are not absolutely necessary to the successful operation of the pump. They may be fastened to the pump runner by screws or other suitable means. It will be seen from Fig. 1, that the opening in the top of the pump casing 'is not sufiiciently large to allow the runner to be inserted with the extensions attached thereto. Said extensions can, however, be put in place by removing plates 28 and inserting said extensions through the openings in the periphery of the case. By-this arrangement a pump runner is provided having webs or vanes which extend close to the periphery of the pump casing and therefore circulate the water ina most eflicient manner. When thus constructed with extended webs the same amount of water can be raised with much less speed of rotation, or a much higher lift can be attained when running at the same speed. Therefore, by

., the use of the extended webs, it is often possible to greatly cheapen the cost of installing a pumping plant, because a single step um can thus be made to raise water to a ieig t to which it could otherwise be lifted only by a two-step pump.

The check valves 29 and 30 are seated in annular grooves 29 and 30, formed in the top of discharge means 9 and 10 respec-' tlvely, which form part of the pump. This arrangement removes all obstruction from the top of the flanges with which means 9' and 10 .are provided,-and therefore makes it possible to make the joints'in the usual manner Without the use of a specially constructed fitting for. the attachment of the pipes 9 and 10 to the pump.

- The check valves 29 and 30 are each provided, as best shown in Figs. 9 and 10, with offset portions or extensions 50, each of which seat ina recess 51 provided at one side "of the stepped portion or groove 29 or 30. 52 is a washer which fits into recess 5l-and is held down upon extension 50 of the valve by means of screws 53. 54 designates the usual weight which is attached to the flap ofthe valve by means of the rivet 55. 56 is a short sleeve flanged at its lower end as shown, to. complete the casing of the valve. It will be noted that this construction provides a check valve with scarcely,

anyadditional expense to that required for forming the ordinary joint at the discharge outlets of the pump casing.

erases 'We claim v 1. In a centrifugal pump, a runner having a plurality of discharge channels, said channels having ports extending ouwardly through the top of the runner; and means bly with relation thereto, said ring having ports which may be brought into or out of register with said ports in the runner to partly or wholly open or close the same.

4:. In a centrifugal pump, a runner having a plurality of discharge channels, said channels having ports extending outwardly through the bottom of the runner; anda regulating ring mounted on said runner revolubly with relation thereto, said ring having ports which may be brought into or out'of register with said ports in the runner to open or close the same.

5. In combination, a case, a centrifugal pump runner adapted to rotate in said case, and extensions adapted to be fastened to the periphery of said runn'er when the runner is in place in said case.

6. In combination, a centrifugal pump runner, extensions adapted tobe attached to the periphery of said runner, a case for said runner, a removable side plate to provide for the insertion of said runner, and another removable plate in said case to rovide for the attachment of said extensions after the runner is in place.

7. In combination, a centrifugal pump runner, extensions adapted to be attached .to

- the periphery of said runner, a case for said ing radiating conchoidal discharge channels, 0ne face of each of said channels being provided with a V-shaped groove, said V-shaped groove extending to and along the periphery of the runner and there forming a separate channel, said runner being inclosed by side walls forming a part thereof. 9. In a centrifugal pump, a runner inclosed by'side walls forming a part thereof and having a discharge channel opening from the mouth of said discharge channel a well pit, ofupright discharge pipes leadthe top of the well pit on opposite sides of for location at a distance below the top of,

' from-the central portion of. said casing,

v 7' through the periphery thereof, said runner having also-a separate groove extending ing from and connected with opposite sides ofsald casing, cross-beams to' extend across each of said pipes, and means for clamping each of said pipes between pairs of said cross-beams to suspend said pipes and casmg. Y

12;"In a centrifugal'pumping apparatus adapted for pumping from well pits, the. combinatiomwith a pump casing adapted a well pit, of means for supporting said casing, an intake pipe leading upwardly said intake pipe having branches leading downwardly to a point below said basin at opposite sides thereof, and a secon pump casing supported by and discharging into said branches.

13. A centrifugal pumping apparatus provided with main intake pipes 3 and 4 and swiveled supplemental intake pipes 5 and 5'. I p

14. In a centrifugal pump, the combination, with the casing of the pump, of a section of pipe having an upwardly directed flanged end, there being astepped portion of uniform depth extending around the innere dge of said flange and countersunk below the face thereof to form a valve seat, a check valve having a flap adapted" to seat onsaid stepped portion, a sleeve adapted to surround sald valve to form a casing therefor, a flange'carried by the lower end of said sleeve, means for securing said flanges together, and an upright suspension plpe extending upwardly from said sleeve.

- In testimony whereof we have hereunto signed our names 1n the presence of two subscribing witnesses at Los Angeles, California, this 21st day of August, 1907. DAVID W. JONES. E. W. KOPPE.

- Witnesses:

ALBERT H. MERRILL, Mon rnosn WARN.

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