US975204A - Press. - Google Patents

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US975204A
US975204A US48737909A US1909487379A US975204A US 975204 A US975204 A US 975204A US 48737909 A US48737909 A US 48737909A US 1909487379 A US1909487379 A US 1909487379A US 975204 A US975204 A US 975204A
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press
bed
piston
valve
pressure
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US48737909A
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Kirk S Blanchard
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/3003—Details
    • B30B9/3007—Control arrangements

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  • the maln ⁇ object of my present invention is to render the process of expelling the cils
  • FIG. 1 and 2 are opA y posite .side elevations of a press embodying vsectional yiew of the same machine through thel piston just above the press-head',y show- "in'g particularly the press-box, press-head and endless bed, .together with-the cylinders and connections for. operating the bed and side walis'of the box, and also showing the scrap-er plate for. loosening the compressed material from the bed.
  • fFig'. 54 i-s a central transverse vertical sectional 'viewof the machine shown in Figs. 1 and-2 except that the upper portion of the piston is shown in elevation.
  • FIG. 6 and7 are enlar ed elevations partly insection of opposite si es ofthe upper portions of the machine, showing in Fig. 6 a portion'of the piping'system and power Other-objects and-uses relating to specific parts ofthe machine will'be brought out in.'
  • FIG. 9 is a side elevation of the same locking device shown in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. l() is a detail sectional view of the rock shaft and pawl and pawl actuating device on the outlet gate for rocking said shaftand releasing the locking device shown in Figs. 8 and 9 as the outlet gate assumes its closed position.
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged elevation, partly broken away and partly" means for actuating said side Walls laterally.
  • Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail sectional View of a portion of one side of thelower "cylinders for the main or belt.
  • Fig.' 19 is a vertical sectional view partly broken away of one of the lifting iston and presser head.
  • Fig. 20 is asimilar sectional view of one of the cylinders and piston for controlling the action of one of the gates.
  • Fig. -21 is a longitudinal sectional view partly broken away of the cylinder and piston for controlling the operation of the endless bed 22 is a top plan of the main upper portion of the frame, s owing the groups of pressure and relief valves andpipes connected thereto.
  • This machine comprises an intermittently movable endless bed, a press-head movable toward and from the bed, and a press-box *ov erated separately'but in proper synchromsm l thrmgh the medium of a system of hydraulic mechanisms derivingtheir power or Huid pressure from the same source.
  • Endless bett-This bed forms the Vbottom of the press-box to support the material under pressure and to discharge the comressed solids from the machine after the iquid by-products have been expelled therefrom, and in this instance is disposed in a substantially horizontal position and cornprises a pair of link belts 1- and separate foraminous bars -2- having removable perforated surface plates -8- secured thereto by suitable fastening means, as screws -4-.
  • the link belts 1- are mountedin parallel vertical planesat opposite sides of the machine upon sprocket wheels 5- which in turn are secured in pairs upon shafts -6- and -7- at opposite ends of the machine and at some distance beyond the front and rear end ates of rese-box hereinafter described
  • sprocket wheels 5- which in turn are secured in pairs upon shafts -6- and -7- at opposite ends of the machine and at some distance beyond the front and rear end ates of rese-box hereinafter described
  • Each" of the perforated plates ils-'comparatively thin and liesin a recess of'correspon'ding size in the 'outer side of the slotted bar --2-, the perforations being elongated transversely o f the slots in is" supported upon the' bed, thv
  • the endless bed is normally at rest during the pressingf operation or compression stroke of the piston after the outletgate is opened and the inlet lso gate slightly elevated to clearthe bed, and
  • a clutchsection or internal ratchet Wheel -'19 is secured by a :set 'screw #2O-L, t
  • the cylinder 2T- is provided at its opposite ends with ports L29- and @80'- which are connected respectively by ably Inadeof steel or other suitable metal V,capablehof withstanding the pressure to Which they are subjected by thgi-operation of vton isoperatedby lfluidysuch as Water or loil, under pressure, Which isalternately admitted to the ports 29.- andW-30-" of the cylinder through thefpipes--31A and 32y for moving the piston in opposite d irections.
  • the port 29-4 communicates Avviththe endof the lpiston o f ⁇ greatest area
  • These plates 40- and 4l are preferably rectangular or square in top plan and project laterally sonie Vdistance beyond the vertical sides of the lower end of the piston7 the plate 4C- being yieldingly connected to the lower end of the piston to allow the plates -lO- and ⁇ 4lvto tilt slightly relatively thereto in case some hard uncrushable substance, may lodge between the edges 0f the presser-plate and upper surface of the bed as the piston approaches the limit of ⁇ its compression stroke. that this yielding connection may be eifective and still prevent lateral movement of relatively to the piston,
  • jecting arms 44eeXtending over the our corners of the underlying plate 4land in these arms are loosely sustainedl bolts I' -ll--which pass through apertured lugs over the four 43- projecting laterally some distance corners of the plate .4G- from the'bottom thereof.
  • a spring seat or washer -46,- and'interposed between each washer and the under side of the adjacent Secured to the lower end o'f each bolt is a spring seat or washer -46,- and'interposed between each washer and the under side of the adjacent.
  • lug 4B- is a coil spring -47-, the coinlbined tension of said springs vbeing lsulli-"' cient to hold the plate -4()- against they under side of the piston.
  • the main piston -39- is forced downwardly by the introduction of the fluid under pressure through the port #36- and into the cylinder above the piston, which is of comparatively large area to produce a high degree of pressure upon the underlying material upon the endless bed previously described, but is elevated or withdrawn from the bed by separate hydraulic devices consisting in this instance of a pair of upright cylinders -52- which are supported in the upper 4frame -33-, as bestv seen in Fig.
  • Each of the cylinders -52- is provided .with a port -56- which is connected by a pipe 57M to main supply pipe admitting the fluid Yunder pressure to the cylinders -52-- which is constant and has no ⁇ controlling valves save main operating valve e140- so when valve letti-- is ope-ned admitting fluid to the press cylinders -5Qfthe pistons of the latter are at once lifting on pressurehead which will be thereby elevated when the pressure valve -A- is vclosed leading to ⁇ cylinder QA- and relief valve B is opened allowingthe pressure fluid to be discharged from main ⁇ cylinder -34- thereby elevating presser-head until the latter reaches the limit of its upward movement, whenfthe relief valve -B- is closed and the "pressure valve -A-- is again opened admitting the pressure fluid ,to main cylinder #S4- which causes the descent of piston -39- and also .cylinder pistons erating fluid in cylinders -52
  • Press-b0m. The tankage, such as garbage or other liquid solids to betreated, is introduced by gravity from the superposed tanks not shown, through a suitable conduit -58- into one end of a suitable pressbox comprising an inlet gate -59-, an outlet gate 60 and opposite movable sides 120 -61-, vll of which parts lie directly over and .in c ose proximity to the central upper portion of the underlying endless bed and serve to confine limited quantities of the material to be acted upon by the presserhead.
  • the gates p59* and '-630- are movable vertically toward and from the underlying bed and are guided at their ends in upright grooves -62- in the inner faces of the opposite ends of the sides -61f, 130
  • brackets 651- to opposite frame barsl 70.4, ⁇ the latter being rigi'dly connected to the upright legs -11- ⁇ at the adjacent sides of the machine and serving to additionally stiifen or strengthen the main supporting frame.
  • a steel packing strip ⁇ f72 is' pivotally mounted in the under side .of the cross-bar -65- and extends transversely across and bears upon the' uppe'r 'face of the underlying bed -to prevent the escape of ythe I adjacent' portion of the bed.
  • each of the cylinders '4f-66 and G- is provided at its opposite end with separate ports 75- and 47- which are ⁇ connected by pipes ⁇ ⁇ --77- and -78- to' suitable supply-and relief-valveshereinafter described.
  • the upper end' of the piston S- is provided with al stem the cylinder beyondt-he port -7 so i thev upper end ofthe piston which commiinr Z9- o'f larger dif..
  • any unit pressure on the bottomend of the piston JSS-r' greater than that on the top end'of the piston wouldmove the 'piston upwardly and thereby open the gates, while the relief of the pressure from the lower end ofi'the piston would bytheconstant pressure on tcp end -79-- force down and close the gate', such pressure and relief being controlled by the supply' and'relief 'valves previously mentioned', the operating ⁇ mechanism for both gates bein adjusted so as to close their lower' ends icirmly 'against' the bed during the operation of compressing the material thereon.
  • the opposite side pieces or' plates "-61- of the'press-boX ' are spaced some'distance apart, preferably "directly over the outer edges of the underlying bed or belt, and are movable slight distances' toward landV 'from each other to free' the compressed material just prior to the discharge thereof by the movement; ofthe belt in.
  • each end is providedwith one or more (preferably two) studs orl bearings ⁇ -9'l.- whieh'ride 'upon suitable waysl to' sustain' theweight of' suchside'a'nd guide it in its' inward' ⁇ and 'outward movements, as 'best seen. in'Fig. 5.
  • Bothp'lates or side pieces' are moved si'iniiL taneously in opposite directiiihs by a suit able hydraulic device consisting', in this instance, of a cylinder -93- in which is movable a piston similar to that shown in Fig. 2l for opera'ing the belt or endless bed, the piston in the cylinder -93- being provided with a rod 941- which is connected ,to a crank arm -95- of a rock shaft 96- aidis also...directyconnected to a link or bar -97-., the latterbeing connected to crank arms 9S- on rock shafts -99-, to which the cams v ⁇ 8Ll are secured.
  • the rock shaft Q6- extendsl transversely across the machine and is journaled in suitable bearings -100- on 'the under side of one end of the bed sustaining beams --8-'-, the opposite end of said shaft being ⁇ 'provided with a crank arm *95- which is attached to a link or bar Q7- similar tothe bar 9T- and connected in substantially the same manner to the corresponding rock shafts of the cams -84---
  • the cylinder -93- like .the cylinder -27-, is providedat its opposite ends with ports 1034- and 104.- communicating with opposite ends of the piston, the end of v the piston nearest the port 10S- being larger than the opposite end, and so far as the constructionv of this cylinderv and piston is concerned, it is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 2l for operating the belt except that it is somewhat smaller, the ports #-103- and 1011- being connected by conduits .-I05-' and -106- to suitable supply and relief valves
  • each side 'plate is-foraminous' and preferably consists of a slotted vplate -107- and a perforated plate 108- which is secured by suitable fastening'means, as screws v- 109- to the outer'plate 107 to permit the exit of the liquid of the solids under pressure therethrough and into the underlying receptacles previously described.
  • each side plate is provided .with a packing strip -110- lying snugly against the upper surface of the adjacent'p'ortion of the belt and preferably inclined downwardly and inwardly fromA the side plate to pre- Vvent leakage of the liquid material at this joint, said packing strip being held in place by a clamping b ar -llland bolt -l12-, as best seen in Fig. 13.
  • the interior of the press-box being then of substantially the same horizontal area as that of the under side of the press-plate or platen, the several packing strips previously described on the platen and side plates, as well as on the rear end of the box, serving to prevent the leakage of the liquid at the joints where they are located.
  • the outlet gate -60- is fullyl open, and at the same time the sides are moved a slight distance outwardly or laterally sufficient to clear the compressed" material, and the inlet gate is slightly elevated for the same purpose of clearance from the endless bed, but not suflicient to open the discharge end of the conduit -58--, Whereupon the endless belt with the compressed material thereon is immediately moved with considerable force in the direction indicated by arrow X to discharge the material therefrom.
  • This crank shaft extends longitudinally of the fraine at the ends of the gates and is journaled in suitable bearings upon the adjacent france-bar
  • This shaft extends forwardly to a point in close proximity to the adjacent end of the outlet gate -60-,- and is provided at its front end with a crank arni --lQS carrying a pivoted pawl 4129 which is adapted to be engaged by shoulder .-130- en the adjacentend of the outlet! gate -GO-'-, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. l0.
  • each platen-lifting piston is rigidly but adjustably connected to a separate valve-operating bar 131- extending some distance above and co-axial with its corresponding cylinder -52-, and around each bar is grouped a series of, in this instance, four check valves, a., b, e and f and o, el, g and h, respectively, the valves of each group being secured to a suitable valve-plate d*132- on the upper portion of the fraine 3B- as best seen in Figs. 1, 2. 6 and 7, each valve being provided with a pendent operating stein -ieextending downwardly through a suitable A gland 134- in the lower end of the valve casing.
  • each group'o'f valves Associated with each group'o'f valves, and also grouped around the adjacent operatingr 13lV is a corresponding number of inder valve operatinglevers 4135, each mounted upon a separate fulcruni -lon the valve supporting plate 132-4 and having the intermediate'portion of it'supper side bearing against the lower'endV of the adjacent valve stein 133- as best seen 1n Fig. 1.8.
  • Each valve is normally closed, either by its own gravity, water pressure or aided by a spring 137- controlling coinniunication between the inletand'outlet ports of the valve casing, said valves being all of substantially the saine construction.
  • valves of each group are arranged to operate in pairs, one valve of each pair being desig- ⁇ nated as the pressure valve, while the conipanion valve may be designated the relief valve, the pressure valves being all connected to a inain pressure or supply pipe H138-, Fig. G, while the relief valves are all connected to a relief pipe line 139d and each relief valve'is connected to its corresponding pressure valve.
  • the main pressure or supply pipe 13S- is provided with a throttle valve M0- and is connected directly to the upper ends of the gate cylinders 6G- and V#6T- through ther upper branch pipes '78, as best seen in Figs. l and 20, and to the rear end of the belt cylinder M27* through the pipe -3Q-, as best seen in Figs. l and 2l, said supply or pressure pipe being also con- ⁇ nected directly ⁇ to the lower ends of the platen lifting cylinders through the pipes -57-, as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 19.
  • each operating rod -l31--F is preferably square in cross section, each side traveling in close proxiinity to the free end of one of the valve operating levers B5- as clearly shown in Fig. 1S, said operating rod or barbeing provided with a series of, in this instance, four valve operating shoulders, one on each face thereof and cti-acting with one of the levers -135- to control the action of the corresponding valve, each of said shoulders being preferably adjustable bv adjusting screws -l42-, as best seen in Fig. 11,to properly synchronize the niovenient of the levers and valves, each of said shoulders being held in its adjusted position by a set screw 143- Fig. 11.
  • Uontrollz'ag mechanism fofa the mai/a cylz'nder, pressure and relief calves-A rotary shaft 14A- is journaled in suitable bearings on the under side of the superposed auxiliary frame 33- and is provided -with a pulley 145- adapted to be connected by a belt to any available source of power not shown.
  • This shaft l44- is connected by a suitable train of gears -146- to a countershaft 147-, the gears being so relatively vproportioned as to rotate the shaft -l47 at comparatively low speed, one of the gears on the shaft 147- being provided with a laterally projecting stud 148- which engages and operates a bell crank lever 149- at each revolution of the shaft -147-.
  • the inlet and outlet gates 59- and 60- are closed, the endless bed is at rest and the sides of the press-box are moved in close to the corresponding sides of the presser-head or platen, such parts remaining in these positions until the pressure fluid to the main cylinder is out off by the closing of the valve -aand opening of the relief valve -bas previously described.
  • the relief valve -bis opened the platen begins to rise, therebylifting the operating rods 13bwhich are connected with the pistons of the lifting cylinders 52 at opposite sides of the machine, and as soon as these operating rods begin to rise, the valve 0 Fig.
  • the stud c being very short vertically which allows the valve c to close instantly, thereby elevating the rear or inlet gate a slight distance, just adequate to clear the belt or endless bed without opening the inlet, whereupon the valve d is opened by a lug Z on the same operating rod l3l said lug engaging the lever 135 for the valve cZ and thereby opening said valve and holding it open just after the valve c has been opened and again closed.
  • valve cZ allows the water to flow from the main pressure pipe 138 through a branch pipe l58 and thence through the valve cland pipe l5v9 which latter connects with the pipe l05 leading to the cylinder 93 at the large end of the piston, and also connects with the pipe 7 8 leading to the lower end of the cylinder 67 the main supply pipe l38 being connected to the pipe l06 leading to the fro-nt end of the cylinder 93 at the large end of the piston, so that the greater pressure eX- erted upon the large end of the piston operates to force said piston rearwardly, thereby operating the crank arms 95 and connections with the cams S4- for releasing the sides 61 of the press-box and allowing the springs 90 to draw said sides outwardly away from the material in the manner previously described.
  • the pressure pipe 138 is also connected to the pipes 7 8 leading to the upper end of the cylinder 66 so that when the valve d is opened in the manner just previously described, the main line pressure is on both ends of the front end or outlet gate 60 but owing to the fact that the lower end of the piston in the cylinder 67- is of greater area than the upper end, the piston in the front gate cylinder 67- will be elevated, thereby elevating the front or outlet gate.
  • the valve Q is opened by a lug 6 on the adjacent operating bar l3l which lug engages the corresponding lever 135 for the valve e as the main piston continues its upward movement, thereby opening the valve Q and allowing the fluid under pressure to pass from the main supply pipe 13S through a branch pipe 160 leading to one side of the valve e and thence through said valve and a branch pipe 161 to the pipe 3l leading to the front end of the belt cylinder 27 the main supply pipe being connected to the pipe 32 which leads to the rear end of said belt cylinder at the smaller end of the piston in said cylinder, so that the pressure at the front or larger end of the piston will force said piston rearwardly and thereby operate the rack 23 and pinion 2l to actuate t-he endless bed or belt in the manner previously described for discharging the compressed material therefrom.
  • the relief valve f is opened by a lug f on the adjacent operating bar 131 said lug f engaging and operating the correponding lever l35 to open'the valve f thereby relieving the pressure in the pipe 3l at the front end of the belt cylinder 27 while the main line pressure remains on the small end of the cylinder, thus causing the cylinder 27 to return to its starting position, the pressure fluid at the front end of the piston in the cylinder 27 flowing back through the pipe 31 and through a branch pipe 162- through the valve f and into the relief pipe 139 I have now described how the material is compressed and discharged from the machine, and in order to repeat the operation it is necessary to restore the outlet gate to its closed position and the sides of the boX to their inner position and to then open the inlet gate fully open after the outlet gate has been closed tightly down upon the bed.
  • This lug g engages and elevates its corresponding lever 135 thereby opening the valve g and relieving the pressure at the lower end of the piston in the cylinders 67 and 93 while the main line pressure remains on the upper end of the piston, thereby depressing said piston and closing the outlet gate, the back-flow water from the cylinder passing through the lower pipe -78-- and thence upwardly through a branch passage 163- and through the valve -gto ⁇ the relief pipe -139-.
  • the inlet gate remains open a sufficient time to permit the desired tankage or other material to flow into the pressbox and while the main piston is still moving upward, the period of opening of the inlet being determined by the length of the lug -c-.
  • said lever closes by its own gravity, or aided by the valve spring, thereby causing the closing of the valve -0-, and immediately after this valve -0- is closed its companion relief valve -L- is opened by a lug lL-- on the adjacent operating bar 131'- thereby relieving the pressure in the lower end of the cylinder -66- and pipe -78- leading therefrom, while the main pressure remains upon the upper end of the cylinder, the pressure Huid flowing back through the lower pipe 78- and up through a branch pipe 164- through the valve -hand into the reliefpipe -139-, thus permitting the closing of the'inlet gate, whereupon the machine is ready for a repetition of the pressing operation previously described.
  • Relief @alega-In order to prevent any possibility of rendering the machine inop- ⁇ erative by leakages in any of the ressure or relief valves I provide safety va ves mand -n-, Fig. 7, which are located in the pipes leading to the bottom end of the front and rear gate cylinders, each valve being connected by a pipe --0- to the main relief pipe R9- These valves are provided with operating levers -Z- which are connected to a sliding bar -s-, the latter having ⁇ one end guided in a suitable bearing -uand its other' end connected to crank arm *wprojecting upwardly from the rock shaft -l50 (see Fig.
  • An inverted U-shape pipe -170- ⁇ is con-v nected at its ends to the main pressure pipe 138- and to the relief'pipe 139- and extends some distance above the horizontal plane of the pressure and relief valves, and
  • a check valve 171- to prevent the pressure fluid from siphoning over and draining the upright leg which is connected to the main pressure pipe.
  • a bed for supporting the material to be pressed
  • a ⁇ press-box for confining such material on the bed and provided with opposite movable sides having packing strips slidably engaging the bed, means for actuating the press-head, and additional means for actuating the movable sides of the box.
  • a supporting bed for the material to be pressed a confining box for the material having inlet and outlet ates, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating the presshead, and additional hydraulic means controlled bythe movement of the press-head for operating the gates.
  • a bed for the material to be pressed a confining box for the material to be pressed having laterally movable sides, a press-head, hydraulic means for operating the press-head, and additional hydraulic devices controlled by the movement of the press-head for oper- 'ating the movable sides of the box.
  • a movable supporting bed for the material to be pressed for the material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material on the bed, a press-head movable toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating said press-head, and additional hydraulic means separate from that which operates the press-head and controlled by the movement of said press-head for operating the movable bed.
  • a supporting bed for the material to be pressed a press-box for confining the material on t-he bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates, an adjustable shearing plate with which the inlet gate shears, a presshead movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for actuating the press-head, and additional means controlled by the movement of the press-head for opening and closingthe gates.
  • a supporting bed for the material to be pressed a press-box having inlet and outlet gates, a packing trip at the lower end of the inlet gate and bearing upon the upper surface of the bed, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating the press-head, and additional means controlled by the movement vof the press-head for opening and closing the gates.
  • a movable supporting bed for the material to be pressed a press-box for confining the material on said bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates and laterally movable sides, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating said head, separate hydraulic devices controlled by the movement of t-he press-head for opening and closing the gates, additional hydraulic means controlled by the movement of the press-head for operating the sides of the box laterally, and further means also controlled by the movement oflthe press-head for operating the movable be 12.
  • a supporting bed for the material to be pressed a press-box for confining the material on the bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates, a metal packing strip at the lower edge of the inlet gate and bearing upon the bed, additional metal packing strips running along the lower edges of the sides of the box and also bearing upon the upper surface of the bed, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating said presshead, and separate hydraulic devices controlled by the movement of the press-head for operating the gates.
  • a movable endless bed for supporting the material to be pressed, a press-box confining t-he material on a portion of said bed, a press-head movable toward and from the bed, means for actuating the press-head, additional means for actuating the endless bed, and a stripping knife running transversely across the upper surface of the bed with its cutting edge in close proximity to, and opposed to, the movement of the upper portion of the bed for freeing the material from said bed as the latter is moved to discharge the pressed material therefrom.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)

Description

msr BLANCHARD; PRESS.
LPPLIULTIOK FILED 'PBL 190D- Patented Nov. 8, 1910.
THE nanars Fsrsxs ca., wAsmNamNY mc.
K.V S. BLANCHARD.
PRESS. APPLIOATIGN FILED APB..2',1909.
Patented Nov. 8 1910.
2.. T E E H. H ,T E E H ,s nu
1HE NoRms PETERS co., wnsunmnm, ynu s.
K. s.. BLANGHARD.
' PRESS.
APPLICATION FILBDAPBJ, 1909.
Patented Nov.s,1'91'o HHM a.
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u u u u n n @ununnuuuuuuuu u u nn u uw SN Patented Nav. s
nnss. APPLIOATlOI FILED AH.. 2, 1009.
K. s. BLANCHARD.
PRESS. l APPLICATION FILED un. z, 1009.
' Patented Nov. 8, 1910.
9 SHEETS-SHEET 8.
. law/612W.
THE NoRms persas ca., wAsHlNaroN. n. c.
vK. S.'BLANGHARD.
' PRESS.
' AIPPLIQAIIOE FAILED APRJ, 1909.
Patented Nov. s, 1910.
9 Sums-BREST 1.
duna. c.
K. s. BLANCHARD.
PRESS.
APrLxoATIoN FILED APB. z, 1909.
Patented NOV. 8, 1910.
I E SHEETS-SHEET 8.
'eorney Patented Nov. s, 1910.
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1 L f @9.20, x l 75 l 125749./ 53 76 o IoA 7? lf li fp v 77 zowney.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
KIRK S. BLANCHARD, OFBHILADELAPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.
PRESS.
vSpecification of Letters Patent.
Patented Nov. 8,1910.
To all whom .it may concern:
Be it known. that I, KIRK S. BLANoi-IARD,
of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia, in the State of/Pennsylvania, have invented new vand useful Improvements in Presses, ofwhich the following, taken inV f usually placed in suitable digesters or tanks Where it is subjected lto steam in thel resence; of anreifective solvent for iique ying the'garbageiandf liberating any oils and fats which may bei present therein.
The present method of handling. garbage,
-. so fari-as I am aware, not only. requires the iemployment of considerable labor, but necessitates more or less handling of certain parts ofthefapparatus whichhavebeen in direct-v contactwith the garbage, thereby rendering the process laborious andextremely unsanl tary, atleast so far asf the health of the.A
Workmen is concerned. l
The maln` object of my present invention is to render the process of expelling the cils,
lfats andother ,liquids fentirely automatic sev -and to..thereby .avoid the necessityl .for
l ihandlingany part.' of` the. apparatus .which may come in .direct contactwith the garbage.- f-duning suchz. process... In otherV Words, ,If
have soughtto-f produce a more4 expeditious,
I. greater quantityofsuchlbyfproduots from.`
economicalland .sanitary method of rec-overw ingv the try-products. etz-garbage '-and. .similar 1naterials,and at the same time; to obtain a heretofore been practiced.
i the following description.
. This .letr end gates, the f inlet` Vgate being. `tempov,
rariiy opened to receive such quantity, during which the outlet gate is closed, and when a suiiicient quantity has flowed into the receptacle the inletl gate is automatically closed, whereupon the entire mass is subpiston or plunger until practically allie-f theA oils, greases, and other liquids are expelled therefrom through4 the foraminous bottom sides, after which the outlet gate is automatically' opened and the foraminous bottom or bed is then moved 'suiiieiently to expel the compressed solids from the machine, the gates being then' restored to the proper positions for permitting the flow of the next charge or quantity of Iliquid tankage into the receptacle, 4the. actionfcf the gates, piston and movable bed being entirely automatic and properly synchronized to ob tainthe desir-ed iilling, compression and discharge.
In the drawingse-Figures 1 and 2 are opA y posite .side elevations of a press embodying vsectional yiew of the same machine through thel piston just above the press-head',y show- "in'g particularly the press-box, press-head and endless bed, .together with-the cylinders and connections for. operating the bed and side walis'of the box, and also showing the scrap-er plate for. loosening the compressed material from the bed. fFig'. 54 i-s a central transverse vertical sectional 'viewof the machine shown in Figs. 1 and-2 except that the upper portion of the piston is shown in elevation. Figs. 6 and7 are enlar ed elevations partly insection of opposite si es ofthe upper portions of the machine, showing in Fig. 6 a portion'of the piping'system and power Other-objects and-uses relating to specific parts ofthe machine will'be brought out in.'
driven mechanism for controlling the supply .and relief valves for themainc'ompression cylinder, Fig. 7'-showing the safety valves recess-briefly described is as fol- .t ilows: T esteem heated-liquidgarbage orA and-operating mechanism therefor to afford 1 relief for'the o erating fluid under pressure f in case of.lea age in any 'of the supply .valves,;or.. small.. cylinders. F.ig. 8-is an outer face View partly-in s'ectionfcf the inlet orlrear end gate 4showing a@ locking device .for -preventing thefull,.opening..of
y ected to pressure by an automatic'hydraulic such gate until the outlet or front end gate is closed. Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the same locking device shown in Fig. 8. Fig. l() is a detail sectional view of the rock shaft and pawl and pawl actuating device on the outlet gate for rocking said shaftand releasing the locking device shown in Figs. 8 and 9 as the outlet gate assumes its closed position. Fig. 11 is an enlarged elevation, partly broken away and partly" means for actuating said side Walls laterally. Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail sectional View of a portion of one side of thelower "cylinders for the main or belt. Fi :c linder' an end of the piston and adjacent portion of the presser plate, showing the connection between 'said parts. Fig.' 15 is an enlarged detail sectional view of 'a portion of one side of the presser plate showing particularly Athe packing stri which co-acts with the adjacent side of t e press box to prevent leakage. F ig. 16 is an enlarged vertical sectional view through the rack and 'pinion and adjacent clutch for actuating the endless bed. -F ig. 17 is a sectional view takenV on line 17e-17 Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is an enlarged vertical sectional ,viewthrough one of the valves seen in Fig. 6,. showing 'particularly the operating lever and adja-v cent portion 'of its actuating rod seen in Fig. 11. Fig.' 19 is a vertical sectional view partly broken away of one of the lifting iston and presser head.- Fig. 20 is asimilar sectional view of one of the cylinders and piston for controlling the action of one of the gates. Fig. -21 is a longitudinal sectional view partly broken away of the cylinder and piston for controlling the operation of the endless bed 22 is a top plan of the main upper portion of the frame, s owing the groups of pressure and relief valves andpipes connected thereto.
This machine comprises an intermittently movable endless bed, a press-head movable toward and from the bed, and a press-box *ov erated separately'but in proper synchromsm l thrmgh the medium of a system of hydraulic mechanisms derivingtheir power or Huid pressure from the same source.
Endless bett-This bed forms the Vbottom of the press-box to support the material under pressure and to discharge the comressed solids from the machine after the iquid by-products have been expelled therefrom, and in this instance is disposed in a substantially horizontal position and cornprises a pair of link belts 1- and separate foraminous bars -2- having removable perforated surface plates -8- secured thereto by suitable fastening means, as screws -4-. The link belts 1- are mountedin parallel vertical planesat opposite sides of the machine upon sprocket wheels 5- which in turn are secured in pairs upon shafts -6- and -7- at opposite ends of the machine and at some distance beyond the front and rear end ates of rese-box hereinafter described For supporting) the upper portion of the endless bed in a su st antially horizontal plane, the intermediate ortion of the bed beingsuspended in this p aneA against sagging by underlying guide beams or ways -8- which in turn are supported upon transverse I-beams -9- forming a part of the main supporting frame.
The shaft 6 which supports the front sprocket wheels 5 at the discharge end of the machine, is journaled in fixed bearings -10-' on the outer upright sides of upwardly converging frame bars dll- 1 the shaft -7- at the opposite or inlet end of the machine being journaled in adjustable bearin s *l2- which are movablelengqthwiseo the machine in suitable Ways -134- on the adjacent upright frame bars 1lsaid bearings being adjusted and held in their adjusted position by adjusting screws -14-, as best seen in Figs, 1, 2 andi/l to permit the endless -be'dfto be tensi'oned when necessary.
The bars 2- which -constitute lthehbed late or bottom of the press-box correspond 1n number to the number ofi links in each of the belts 1- and f are arranged edge" to edge in close proximity thereupomeach'bedplate being secured at its ends to' the.corresponding inks of the belt 1- by suitable fastening means, as bolts -15-,' las best seen in Fig. 5,- and also having a series'4v of parallel slots extending therethrough from top to bottom, which, together with the superposed perforated plates '-3-', allow the passage of the expressed liquid therethrough and into an underlying inclined vat or conduit -16--, the latter discharging through a suitable outlet 17-- into an underlying conduit -18-, from which the'liquid may be conducted by gravity ,or otherwiseto suitable-storage tanks or any other receptacle not shown. i Each" of the perforated plates ils-'comparatively thin and liesin a recess of'correspon'ding size in the 'outer side of the slotted bar --2-, the perforations being elongated transversely o f the slots in is" supported upon the' bed, thv
movable, as previously described', by the removal: of the screws -4- to permit lthe removal of plates that might become defective and the replacing of new ones. These bars and plates 2* and J3-'- are preferthe presser-head against the! Which guidesor bars -8- upon which 1 posed press-b0x and extending endWise slightly beyond the end gates to afford ample` 'supportto effectively resist the pressure upon this portion of the bedtlh-roughout the areaof "the botto-m of the "presser-head.
' Belty operating mechanism/. The endless bed is normally at rest during the pressingf operation or compression stroke of the piston after the outletgate is opened and the inlet lso gate slightly elevated to clearthe bed, and
the sides ofthe box slightlyse} :arated toI clear'the. compressed material, the endlessl bed is operated with considerable speed and" a sufficient distance to carry the compressed 'solids from under the Apresser-head and beyond the outlet .gate'and forcibly eject'. or
expelthem at -t-hefront endof the `'bed linto areceptacle or conveyerl-not' shovv'n, and delivf 4ered to 'any'point desired.
A clutchsection or internal ratchet Wheel -'19 is secured by a :set 'screw #2O-L, t
'16, to the outer endofthe sprocket sha I and upon the adjacent end of the sameshaft is' loosely mounted a .pinion 1:-21*u carrying a series of, in this instance,A threel pavvls 422-, Fig. .17,1 said 'pay'vls being spring pressed/into' engagement with the" teeth of the ratchet Wheel-e-IQ-I-ivhich. all
lows the pinion to be rotated in the direction indicated by" the arrovv ai, Fig. 17 Without rotating the shaft, but When-the'l pinion is rotated in the oppositedirection"the engagement' of the pavvls -22- with the teeth of the ratchet Wheel -'19- serves to rotate said ratchet Wheel and shaft -64 to which it is secured, thereby operating they endless bed to discharge the compressed-solidstherefrom. As best seen inl Fig. 1,1th`epinion *21- meshes With a sliding tooth rack 423- Which is guided in suitable `Ways'. -24 andA is` connected to a piston rodl 25- carrying a piston h@26- zwhich is Staining` iefce'n'tral' portion of the upper side of the endls bedjg, rides, being arranged side by side in 4"c *osev proximityfrom' side to sideof the superi movable in a cylinder -'-27, the opposite end of said piston being provided with a 'guide stem or rod 28- lof` somewhat greater diameter than the rod -25-f so that the exposed areay at onez-end of the piston facing the smaller rod -25- is greater than that at the opposite end, as clearly shown in Fig. 21. The cylinder 2T- is provided at its opposite ends With ports L29- and @80'- which are connected respectively by ably Inadeof steel or other suitable metal V,capablehof withstanding the pressure to Which they are subjected by thgi-operation of vton isoperatedby lfluidysuch as Water or loil, under pressure, Which isalternately admitted to the ports 29.- andW-30-" of the cylinder through thefpipes--31A and 32y for moving the piston in opposite d irections. The port 29-4 communicates Avviththe endof the lpiston o f `greatest area,
*While-the opposite `port communicates :With
the-smaller end of the piston, and as soon as the mainflcompression pisto'nhas completed its compression'stroke and' has begun its upward movement suiiicientto clear the com- ',.p'ressed' solids, at Which'tim'e the outletgate ,is fully/opened and the inlet y gate is'elevated jus'tsuii'ciently toclear the bedand the sides of the p'ressfbox are moved from -each other s'uiiicient toclear the ycompressed material, the Valve, `controlling passage of the ypressure y port- '-29-, is opened to allovvtheentrance of wmitting similar'movementto the endless -bed through the medium of the rack Al Q3-e; pinion l 21; and'- clutch-'section --19-4, after Which the valve connected to the pipe --31 is lclosedY and such pipe isimmediately'placed in communicationvvith av relief valve and "the 'pressure fluid'adinitted` toi-theV 'smaller "end: of the piston' for returning such/piston to' its i starting position.' The .l check-1 valves for controlling the passage ofthe-pressure .fluid to the several'cylindersiwil'l bef hereinafter more fully'described. 'f The main supportingflegs --11-'Hi are arranged in pairs located at oppositefsi'desof "the machine, those voit eachglpair converging upwardly; andsupporting atv-theirv upper ends a strong and rigid'steel frame -"-33- 1 in which is rigidly secured' by any1-'suitable fastening means a 'main-fpressure-'cylinder '34- and pendent= upright rods '35- Which sustain att-their lower ends-the I- Pressure 'mechnism{"-The mainpressure cylinder 34- 1s disposed 1n anfgupright .position"over, and some distance above, the
inafter described for controlling the'llovvnof the pressure fluid to the cylinder and against the'end face; of `the piston of greatest area,
'thereby rapidly moving i'uchepiston toward the opposite end of thevcylinder and-transthe pressure fluid to and from the cylinder, said cylinder being provided with a suitable gland or stuffing-box w-38-- inits lower end. A. piston -39- is movable in the cylinder -34- through the gland or stuffing-box -38- and has its lower end loosely seated in a recess in the upper side of an underlying plate 4G- A hollow or chambered presser-plate 11- is secured by suitable fastening means, as bolts -42- to the under side of the plate 4G- and, together n with the plate -40- and piston --39-, cony the presser-plates said pist-on is provided with radially' 3rostitutes the presser-head, the lower plate 4lbeing provided with tortuous steam passages adapted to be connected to a source of lsteam supply for heating the head and thereby facilitating the se aration of oils and similar ley-products rom the solids, particularly while the latter are under compression. These plates 40- and 4lare preferably rectangular or square in top plan and project laterally sonie Vdistance beyond the vertical sides of the lower end of the piston7 the plate 4C- being yieldingly connected to the lower end of the piston to allow the plates -lO- and` 4lvto tilt slightly relatively thereto in case some hard uncrushable substance, may lodge between the edges 0f the presser-plate and upper surface of the bed as the piston approaches the limit of `its compression stroke. that this yielding connection may be eifective and still prevent lateral movement of relatively to the piston,
jecting arms 44eeXtending over the our corners of the underlying plate 4land in these arms are loosely sustainedl bolts I' -ll--which pass through apertured lugs over the four 43- projecting laterally some distance corners of the plate .4G- from the'bottom thereof. Secured to the lower end o'f each bolt is a spring seat or washer -46,- and'interposed between each washer and the under side of the adjacent.
lug 4B- is a coil spring -47-, the coinlbined tension of said springs vbeing lsulli-"' cient to hold the plate -4()- against they under side of the piston. The upper edges of the portions ofthe plate --40- which surround the lower end of the piston lit snugly against the sides of the piston, but the lower edges of the pistoirare spaced a slight Adistance apart from the surrounding sides of the plate 40%, leaving a slight clearance or opening 48, as best seen in Fig.
tilt slightly under the conditions previously described against the action of the springs `The opposite `sides of the platen -41-- I 'are `formed with lengthwise grooves 4Q- In order 14, lwhich allows the plate ,-440- toto ride against the inner faces of the sides of the press-box to prevent leakage of the material at such joints.
The main piston -39- is forced downwardly by the introduction of the fluid under pressure through the port #36- and into the cylinder above the piston, which is of comparatively large area to produce a high degree of pressure upon the underlying material upon the endless bed previously described, but is elevated or withdrawn from the bed by separate hydraulic devices consisting in this instance of a pair of upright cylinders -52- which are supported in the upper 4frame -33-, as bestv seen in Fig. 5, at opposite sides of the main cylinder w34- and in which are movable pistons -53- having piston rods -54--- eX- tending through suitable glands in the lower ends of the cylinders -52- and connected to laterally projecting lugs 55 on the plate -40- of the presser-head. Each of the cylinders -52- is provided .with a port -56- which is connected by a pipe 57M to main supply pipe admitting the fluid Yunder pressure to the cylinders -52-- which is constant and has no `controlling valves save main operating valve e140- so when valve letti-- is ope-ned admitting fluid to the press cylinders -5Qfthe pistons of the latter are at once lifting on pressurehead which will be thereby elevated when the pressure valve -A- is vclosed leading to `cylinder QA- and relief valve B is opened allowingthe pressure fluid to be discharged from main` cylinder -34- thereby elevating presser-head until the latter reaches the limit of its upward movement, whenfthe relief valve -B- is closed and the "pressure valve -A-- is again opened admitting the pressure fluid ,to main cylinder #S4- which causes the descent of piston -39- and also .cylinder pistons erating fluid in cylinders -52- being orced out through the same 110 conduits -57- by the main piston -39- Aand finds its exit in its return to the main pressure line or accumulator.
Press-b0m. -The tankage, such as garbage or other liquid solids to betreated, is introduced by gravity from the superposed tanks not shown, through a suitable conduit -58- into one end of a suitable pressbox comprising an inlet gate -59-, an outlet gate 60 and opposite movable sides 120 -61-, vll of which parts lie directly over and .in c ose proximity to the central upper portion of the underlying endless bed and serve to confine limited quantities of the material to be acted upon by the presserhead. The gates p59* and '-630- are movable vertically toward and from the underlying bed and are guided at their ends in upright grooves -62- in the inner faces of the opposite ends of the sides -61f, 130
Vi'o
4l- -'lilie inlet gate "5S-' 'fable acrossl the adjacent discharge r f the conduit 458- to 'control the en terial to the press-box and is pra loweredge with a knife-plate "t3-- stearing ywith a horizontal adjust-able shearingplate G4-- on the under side of the 'adjucent end'of the conduit 58- as best seen iiiFig. 3, and also ridingvv against the inner face of a bai' -65 which extends transvers/ely of the bed` across the under-side of -the inner edge of the shearing-plate --t/lalnd, together with the adjacent end of the conduit -58-, are secured by brackets 651- to opposite frame barsl 70.4, `the latter being rigi'dly connected to the upright legs -11-` at the adjacent sides of the machine and serving to additionally stiifen or strengthen the main supporting frame. A steel packing strip `f72 is' pivotally mounted in the under side .of the cross-bar -65- and extends transversely across and bears upon the' uppe'r 'face of the underlying bed -to prevent the escape of ythe I adjacent' portion of the bed.'
liquid from the pressbox at this joint, said .clge in theA direction" of movement of the The shearing i plate -64-'4 isadjustabl'e to` take up wear,
"5 `piston rods-'714; connected to their respec tive gates,land in' practice Ip'referably einploy two cylinders and. corresponding pisv ,4'5 Atonisiforreach"gatti, the 'pist-on rods of each such adjustment"beiirg'eifected by means of ascrew #Z3-i, the 'shear-plate being` held in its adjusted position by'a set screw `"-i4-z, as.
best seen in Fig. 3. "These inletandoutletgates 459-- and GO-"'are'operated at regiif i lar intervals by separate hydraulic devices. consisting in' this instance of similar up-I `right cylinders '66- and 467+ in'which are movable similar pistons G8-.- havingy pair of cylinders being 'connected to'their' corresponding' 'gates atl points equidistant froni 'the center thereof, so as to` move `both ends of the gate simultaneously-uiiiforni dis- 'tz-inces, it being understood that in operation the pistons of 'each pair of cylinders are operated simultaneously' under the same fluid pressure.
As shown in Fig. 20,' each of the cylinders '4f-66 and G- is provided at its opposite end with separate ports 75- and 47- which are` connected by pipes` `--77- and -78- to' suitable supply-and relief-valveshereinafter described.
The upper end' of the piston S- is provided with al stem the cylinder beyondt-he port -7 so i thev upper end ofthe piston which commiinr Z9- o'f larger dif..
than the loF/verend of the piston which communicates .with the' `pcrt- 4-76-4 and, therefore, any unit pressure on the bottomend of the piston JSS-r' greater than that on the top end'of the piston, wouldmove the 'piston upwardly and thereby open the gates, while the relief of the pressure from the lower end ofi'the piston would bytheconstant pressure on tcp end -79-- force down and close the gate', such pressure and relief being controlled by the supply' and'relief 'valves previously mentioned', the operating `mechanism for both gates bein adjusted so as to close their lower' ends icirmly 'against' the bed during the operation of compressing the material thereon.
The opposite side pieces or' plates "-61- of the'press-boX 'are spaced some'distance apart, preferably "directly over the outer edges of the underlying bed or belt, and are movable slight distances' toward landV 'from each other to free' the compressed material just prior to the discharge thereof by the movement; ofthe belt in. the manner previously described."l This lateral movement of the side/pieces'v or plates is, however, -insuflicient" to `withdrav'v the grooves 4432* from theadj'acent" ends of' 'the'gates 459- In order that the'side 'plates #-61 of the ypress-boitinay be properly supported for adjustment or lateral 'movement, each plate is providedwitli a series of'studs -'81-' arranged at regular intervals throughout their height andlength. and' project laterally or 'outwardly through apertures -=82 in. the
wardly". through' apertures c 88- zin" the frame bars (1 eac'h'bolt being provided i at" its 'outer end 'with a head'or' washer 'between which', 'and the' outer' face "of the bar l'-70-, is interposed a compressionV spring -QOjoperatingv tov draw the adjacent side plate 6l-4 laterally or outwardly against the faces of. the cams f-.84-, as best seen in Fig. 4. As .additional means for supporting the side plat-es each end is providedwith one or more (preferably two) studs orl bearings `-9'l.- whieh'ride 'upon suitable waysl to' sustain' theweight of' suchside'a'nd guide it in its' inward'` and 'outward movements, as 'best seen. in'Fig. 5.
Bothp'lates or side pieces' are moved si'iniiL taneously in opposite directiiihs by a suit able hydraulic device consisting', in this instance, of a cylinder -93- in which is movable a piston similar to that shown in Fig. 2l for opera'ing the belt or endless bed, the piston in the cylinder -93- being provided with a rod 941- which is connected ,to a crank arm -95- of a rock shaft 96- aidis also...directyconnected to a link or bar -97-., the latterbeing connected to crank arms 9S- on rock shafts -99-, to which the cams v`8Ll are secured. The rock shaft Q6- extendsl transversely across the machine and is journaled in suitable bearings -100- on 'the under side of one end of the bed sustaining beams --8-'-, the opposite end of said shaft being `'provided with a crank arm *95- which is attached to a link or bar Q7- similar tothe bar 9T- and connected in substantially the same manner to the corresponding rock shafts of the cams -84-- The cylinder -93-, like .the cylinder -27-, is providedat its opposite ends with ports 1034- and 104.- communicating with opposite ends of the piston, the end of v the piston nearest the port 10S- being larger than the opposite end, and so far as the constructionv of this cylinderv and piston is concerned, it is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 2l for operating the belt except that it is somewhat smaller, the ports #-103- and 1011- being connected by conduits .-I05-' and -106- to suitable supply and relief valves hereinafter described.
As .clearly shown in Fig. 3, each side 'plate is-foraminous' and preferably consists of a slotted vplate -107- and a perforated plate 108- which is secured by suitable fastening'means, as screws v- 109- to the outer'plate 107 to permit the exit of the liquid of the solids under pressure therethrough and into the underlying receptacles previously described. each side plate is provided .with a packing strip -110- lying snugly against the upper surface of the adjacent'p'ortion of the belt and preferably inclined downwardly and inwardly fromA the side plate to pre- Vvent leakage of the liquid material at this joint, said packing strip being held in place by a clamping b ar -llland bolt -l12-, as best seen in Fig. 13.
. I have now described the construction of the endless belt or bed and press-box, in-
The lower edgel of" f endlessbelt or bedisY atrest; inlet., and "outlet gates L59 and SOL-'- are "closed,
and the side plates of the press-box are at their limit of lnward movement, the interior of the press-box being then of substantially the same horizontal area as that of the under side of the press-plate or platen, the several packing strips previously described on the platen and side plates, as well as on the rear end of the box, serving to prevent the leakage of the liquid at the joints where they are located. As soon as the press plate or platen reaches the limit of its compression stroke and has started to return sufficient to free itself from the compressed material on the bed, the outlet gate -60- is fullyl open, and at the same time the sides are moved a slight distance outwardly or laterally sufficient to clear the compressed" material, and the inlet gate is slightly elevated for the same purpose of clearance from the endless bed, but not suflicient to open the discharge end of the conduit -58--, Whereupon the endless belt with the compressed material thereon is immediately moved with considerable force in the direction indicated by arrow X to discharge the material therefrom. In order that the dry material on'the bed may be loosened and freed' therefrom during the movement of the bed, I provide a shearing plate -113- which lies atwise in close proximity to and diagonally of the upper surface of the belt with its cutting edge opposed to the movement of such belt, said knife being mounted uponan oscillatory support 114.- which is pivoted at its front end at -115- and its rear end is spring pressed downwardly by a spring -116- to hold the cutting edge of the knife in close proximity to the upper surface of the belt, the rear end of the oscillatory frame being provided with a roller 117- adapted to ride upon the upper surface of the belt at opposite ends of the knife or plate 113,- to prevent undue friction of the edge of the plate with the upper surface of the belt.
4Safety device for inlet gata-The inlet and outlet gates -59-- and -60- are, as previously d escribed, controlled by separate hydraulic devices involving the use of pressure and relief valves and pistons controlled thereby and connected to their respective gates, and it is, of course, necessary that the outlet gate be absolutely closed before the inlet gate is opened, and in order that this action may be rendered more certain in case of failure of any of the valves or pistons to work at the proper time, as in case of low pressure or the obstruction of one of the valves, I provide a Safety device comprising, in this insta-nce, a pair of swinging detents 118- hinged at their upper ends at -119- to a portion of the frame -33-, the
lower ends of saidV detents extending through tents being held in their normal position by a spring -l23-- The lower ends of the detents -118- are connected by a link 124- to impart motion from one to the other and are also connected by a link 125- to a crank arin 126- cn a rock shaft -12''. This crank shaft extends longitudinally of the fraine at the ends of the gates and is journaled in suitable bearings upon the adjacent france-bar This shaft extends forwardly to a point in close proximity to the adjacent end of the outlet gate -60-,- and is provided at its front end with a crank arni --lQS carrying a pivoted pawl 4129 which is adapted to be engaged by shoulder .-130- en the adjacentend of the outlet! gate -GO-'-, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. l0. The shoulder -130- is adjustable vertically on the gate G0- to properly time the oper, ation of the rock shaft 127 and consequent tripping of the detents MSM with the closing of the outlet gate; that is, 'the shoulder -130- is positioned relatively to the pawl -129- on the crank arm 128-v so as to rock the shaft `--127- and thereby trip the detents 11S as the outlet gate F6()- shuts down upon the bed, thereby freeing the inlet gate -59- and allowing it toE be moved upwardlyby its operating mechanism after the outlet gate is closed, the slots 120- being of suflicient length to allow the detents 118- to be shifted laterally a sufficient distance to bring the shouldersA 1-122- into registration therewith.
Value continuant/ mechanism and circulating 8g/stem.-The upper end of each platen-lifting piston is rigidly but adjustably connected to a separate valve-operating bar 131- extending some distance above and co-axial with its corresponding cylinder -52-, and around each bar is grouped a series of, in this instance, four check valves, a., b, e and f and o, el, g and h, respectively, the valves of each group being secured to a suitable valve-plate d*132- on the upper portion of the fraine 3B- as best seen in Figs. 1, 2. 6 and 7, each valve being provided with a pendent operating stein -ieextending downwardly through a suitable A gland 134- in the lower end of the valve casing.
Associated with each group'o'f valves, and also grouped around the adjacent operatingr 13lV is a corresponding number of inder valve operatinglevers 4135, each mounted upon a separate fulcruni -lon the valve supporting plate 132-4 and having the intermediate'portion of it'supper side bearing against the lower'endV of the adjacent valve stein 133- as best seen 1n Fig. 1.8. Each valve is normally closed, either by its own gravity, water pressure or aided by a spring 137- controlling coinniunication between the inletand'outlet ports of the valve casing, said valves being all of substantially the saine construction. The valves of each group are arranged to operate in pairs, one valve of each pair being desig-` nated as the pressure valve, while the conipanion valve may be designated the relief valve, the pressure valves being all connected to a inain pressure or supply pipe H138-, Fig. G, while the relief valves are all connected to a relief pipe line 139d and each relief valve'is connected to its corresponding pressure valve.
The main pressure or supply pipe 13S- is provided with a throttle valve M0- and is connected directly to the upper ends of the gate cylinders 6G- and V#6T- through ther upper branch pipes '78, as best seen in Figs. l and 20, and to the rear end of the belt cylinder M27* through the pipe -3Q-, as best seen in Figs. l and 2l, said supply or pressure pipe being also con- `nected directly `to the lower ends of the platen lifting cylinders through the pipes -57-, as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 19.
*lach operating rod -l31--F is preferably square in cross section, each side traveling in close proxiinity to the free end of one of the valve operating levers B5- as clearly shown in Fig. 1S, said operating rod or barbeing provided with a series of, in this instance, four valve operating shoulders, one on each face thereof and cti-acting with one of the levers -135- to control the action of the corresponding valve, each of said shoulders being preferably adjustable bv adjusting screws -l42-, as best seen in Fig. 11,to properly synchronize the niovenient of the levers and valves, each of said shoulders being held in its adjusted position by a set screw 143- Fig. 11.
One side of the pressure valve fais connected directly to the pressure line l-38- and the opposite side of saidvalve is connected directly to the inain platen' cylthrough the medium of the pipe 237-, the latter being connected by a branch pipe to 011e side of the relief valve the opposite side of the vrelief valve ?J- being connected tofthe relief pipe --139-, the opening of the pressure valve aallowingl the pressure fluid to flow into the main pressure cylinder 3afor depressing the piston 39 while the opening of the relief valve-band closing -of the pressure valve 'aallows the pres- 34 and into the drainage pipe .-139- during the up-stroke of the piston. Thesetwo valves ftand -b, therefore, control the operation of the piston, which, of course, isthe most important feature of-the invention, the operation of the other valves being timed to correspond with the movements of the main piston.
Uontrollz'ag mechanism fofa the mai/a cylz'nder, pressure and relief calves-A rotary shaft 14A- is journaled in suitable bearings on the under side of the superposed auxiliary frame 33- and is provided -with a pulley 145- adapted to be connected by a belt to any available source of power not shown. This shaft l44- is connected by a suitable train of gears -146- to a countershaft 147-, the gears being so relatively vproportioned as to rotate the shaft -l47 at comparatively low speed, one of the gears on the shaft 147- being provided with a laterally projecting stud 148- which engages and operates a bell crank lever 149- at each revolution of the shaft -147-. This bell crank lever -149- is secured to a rock shaft 150- having rigid thereon an additional crank arm .-151-- The uprightl arm of the bell crank lever -l49 is connected to one end ofv a link 152- having its opposite end (with a loss 1notion)fconnected to a toggle One end .of this toggle -153- is 15S- pivoted at its lower end 154- to a suitable bearing on the frame 33 and the upper arm of the same toggle is attached to the under side of the operating lever -135- f ,for the valve -a.
The other crank arm -151- is connected to one end of a link .155- having its opposite end connected to a toggle -156-, the latter having its lower arm pivotally mounted upon the lower supporting fra-me -33- and its upper arm attached to the under side of the operating lever 135- for the relief valve -ZJ-. As the main piston -39- is elevated by its lifting pistons -53- of the cylinders S2- to the limit of its extreme upward movement, the shoulder -a* Fig. 18 for the pressure valve avengages and elevates the free end of the lever 135- thereby opening the valve -aand at the same time straightening out the toggle 153- and thereby locking said toggle in its straightened position, which operates to hold the corresponding lever -135- in its elevated position, thereby holding the valve -aopen a suliicient length of time to allowthe compression piston to descend to the limit of its compression stroke, or until it acts with full force upon the material under pressure, this period of compression operation of the piston being regulated by and corresponding to one revolution of the shaft 147- and operating stud 1&8* carried ,thereby, which shaft and stud in turn is ,Yti'medto correspond in its movement to the `time required for the movement of the piston through its complete compression ystroke, allowing a short time for the piston to remain at the limit of it-s compression stroke so as to thoroughly express all liquors from the solids under pressure, whereupon the stud 148'- actuates the bell crank lever 149- to flex the toggle -l53- to the position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6 to allow the valve -a to close, and at the same time to rock the crank arm ,-151- to straighten the toggle 156- for opening the relief valve -b-, the toggle 156- being previously flexed to allow the relief valve to remain closed during the compression stroke of the piston, or while the pressure valve ais open. It will thus be seen that the pressure valve acloses slightly in advance of, but nearly simultaneously, with the `opening of the relief `valve preparatory'to returning the pi'ston to the limit of its upward stroke. This return or lifting of the piston is accomplished through the medium of the cylinder 52.- and iston movable therein,` by reason of the fact that immediately upon the closing of the valve -ain the manner just described, there-by'cutting olf the pressure on the main piston, such rpressure, which is always present upon they lower ends of the piston lifting cylinders -52-, yimmediately acts upon the pistons 53m in said lifting cylinders causing said pistons to rise and thereby carry the platen and main piston upward to the limit of its'return stroke, the pressure fluid in the main cylinder *3a*- being expelled back through the pipe -37- and branch pipe z' through the relief valve band thence into the main relief pipe line -139- which may be returned to a pressure pump (if the latter is employed) or may be allowed to go to waste according to the source of pressure which is employed.
It is now apparent from the foregoing description that the pressure valve -aand relief valve -b, together with the operating shoulders -a and levers 135- for such valves, control the operation of the main piston and also control the operation of the lifting pistons in the cylinders -52-.
As previously stated, during the compression stroke of the main piston, the inlet and outlet gates 59- and 60- are closed, the endless bed is at rest and the sides of the press-box are moved in close to the corresponding sides of the presser-head or platen, such parts remaining in these positions until the pressure fluid to the main cylinder is out off by the closing of the valve -aand opening of the relief valve -bas previously described. As soon as the relief valve -bis opened, the platen begins to rise, therebylifting the operating rods 13bwhich are connected with the pistons of the lifting cylinders 52 at opposite sides of the machine, and as soon as these operating rods begin to rise, the valve 0 Fig. 7, is opened for a very short time by a lug 0 which lifts the free end of the corresponding lever l35 thereby opening the valve O and allowing the liquid under pressure to flow from the supply pipe l38 through the valve O and thence through a pipe 157 Fig. 7 to the pipe 77 at the lower end of the cylinder 66 the stud c being very short vertically which allows the valve c to close instantly, thereby elevating the rear or inlet gate a slight distance, just suficient to clear the belt or endless bed without opening the inlet, whereupon the valve d is opened by a lug Z on the same operating rod l3l said lug engaging the lever 135 for the valve cZ and thereby opening said valve and holding it open just after the valve c has been opened and again closed. This opening of the valve cZ allows the water to flow from the main pressure pipe 138 through a branch pipe l58 and thence through the valve cland pipe l5v9 which latter connects with the pipe l05 leading to the cylinder 93 at the large end of the piston, and also connects with the pipe 7 8 leading to the lower end of the cylinder 67 the main supply pipe l38 being connected to the pipe l06 leading to the fro-nt end of the cylinder 93 at the large end of the piston, so that the greater pressure eX- erted upon the large end of the piston operates to force said piston rearwardly, thereby operating the crank arms 95 and connections with the cams S4- for releasing the sides 61 of the press-box and allowing the springs 90 to draw said sides outwardly away from the material in the manner previously described. The pressure pipe 138 is also connected to the pipes 7 8 leading to the upper end of the cylinder 66 so that when the valve d is opened in the manner just previously described, the main line pressure is on both ends of the front end or outlet gate 60 but owing to the fact that the lower end of the piston in the cylinder 67- is of greater area than the upper end, the piston in the front gate cylinder 67- will be elevated, thereby elevating the front or outlet gate.
It will now be seen that the inlet gate is closed except for a slight elevation sufficient to clear the bed, and that the outlet gate is full open, while the sides of the press-box are separated or moved outwardly to clear the compressed material, all these operations taking place while the main piston is moved upwardly to its starting position, the machine being now ready to discharge the compressed solids which rest upon the movable bed. Immediately after the end gates and sides have been moved to the position just described, the valve Q is opened by a lug 6 on the adjacent operating bar l3l which lug engages the corresponding lever 135 for the valve e as the main piston continues its upward movement, thereby opening the valve Q and allowing the fluid under pressure to pass from the main supply pipe 13S through a branch pipe 160 leading to one side of the valve e and thence through said valve and a branch pipe 161 to the pipe 3l leading to the front end of the belt cylinder 27 the main supply pipe being connected to the pipe 32 which leads to the rear end of said belt cylinder at the smaller end of the piston in said cylinder, so that the pressure at the front or larger end of the piston will force said piston rearwardly and thereby operate the rack 23 and pinion 2l to actuate t-he endless bed or belt in the manner previously described for discharging the compressed material therefrom. Immediately after the belt has been operate-d in the manner just described and the pressure valve e closed, the relief valve f is opened by a lug f on the adjacent operating bar 131 said lug f engaging and operating the correponding lever l35 to open'the valve f thereby relieving the pressure in the pipe 3l at the front end of the belt cylinder 27 while the main line pressure remains on the small end of the cylinder, thus causing the cylinder 27 to return to its starting position, the pressure fluid at the front end of the piston in the cylinder 27 flowing back through the pipe 31 and through a branch pipe 162- through the valve f and into the relief pipe 139 I have now described how the material is compressed and discharged from the machine, and in order to repeat the operation it is necessary to restore the outlet gate to its closed position and the sides of the boX to their inner position and to then open the inlet gate fully open after the outlet gate has been closed tightly down upon the bed.
The outlet gate is closed first, or rather simultaneously, with inward movement of the sides of the boX, and in order to accomplish this the vent valve Q is opened by a lug g on the adjacent operating rod 131 as the piston continues to move upwardly, which movement is very slow and laffords ample time for the discharge of the material in the manner described. This lug g engages and elevates its corresponding lever 135 thereby opening the valve g and relieving the pressure at the lower end of the piston in the cylinders 67 and 93 while the main line pressure remains on the upper end of the piston, thereby depressing said piston and closing the outlet gate, the back-flow water from the cylinder passing through the lower pipe -78-- and thence upwardly through a branch passage 163- and through the valve -gto `the relief pipe -139-. During this closing of the outlet gate the pressure at the rearend of the cam cylinder -93- is relieved, by the same valve g1- while the pressure on the front end of the cam cylinder -93- is relieved through the pipe --106-, allowing the pressure at the opposite or rear end of the cylinder to return the piston and sides of the press-box operated thereby to their normal positions. It is now only necessary to open the inlet or rear gate, which is accomplished by a lug -c-, directly under, but some distance from, the short lug -GM on the same operating rod, the lug -cengaging and elevating the corresponding lever -135- to again open the valve O thereby admitting the fluid under pressure to the rear cylinder -66- for elevating its piston and opening the gate connected thereto, thus permitting the tankage, such as' liquid garbage, to flow from the supply pipe -58-- into the press-box beneath the presser-head. The inlet gate remains open a sufficient time to permit the desired tankage or other material to flow into the pressbox and while the main piston is still moving upward, the period of opening of the inlet being determined by the length of the lug -c-. As soon as the lug 0- passes the corresponding lever operated thereby, said lever closes by its own gravity, or aided by the valve spring, thereby causing the closing of the valve -0-, and immediately after this valve -0- is closed its companion relief valve -L- is opened by a lug lL-- on the adjacent operating bar 131'- thereby relieving the pressure in the lower end of the cylinder -66- and pipe -78- leading therefrom, while the main pressure remains upon the upper end of the cylinder, the pressure Huid flowing back through the lower pipe 78- and up through a branch pipe 164- through the valve -hand into the reliefpipe -139-, thus permitting the closing of the'inlet gate, whereupon the machine is ready for a repetition of the pressing operation previously described.
Relief @alega-In order to prevent any possibility of rendering the machine inop-` erative by leakages in any of the ressure or relief valves, I provide safety va ves mand -n-, Fig. 7, which are located in the pipes leading to the bottom end of the front and rear gate cylinders, each valve being connected by a pipe --0- to the main relief pipe R9- These valves are provided with operating levers -Z- which are connected to a sliding bar -s-, the latter having `one end guided in a suitable bearing -uand its other' end connected to crank arm *wprojecting upwardly from the rock shaft -l50 (see Fig. 7), which is actuated by the stud -148-- and lever -149-, Fig. 6. The valves mfand -aare in their open positions when pressure is being applied to the large cylinder and the platen is moving down onto the material. When the time is up for this movement and the stud 148- engages the operating lever -149-, it moves the bars 152- and 155- forward and also moves the bar -s-, Fig. 7, which closes the two safety valves -mand 71,- during the operation of all the other valves. When the stud 148- leaves the lever 149- these valves Wband -nare thrown back to their open positions, in which position they remain during the entire pressing operation, so that in case of a leak in any of the 1operating valves, the safety valves mfand -nallow that leakage to pass back to the tank through the pipe 0- into the main relief pipe .-139- without interfering with the operation of the machine. If it were not for these valvesthe leak, which is liable to occur at times, would allow the water to go to the bottom end of the gate cylinders and open them during the pressing operation, and would thereby allow the material to be pushed out under the gate, which would, of course, be very objectionable.
An inverted U-shape pipe -170-` is con-v nected at its ends to the main pressure pipe 138- and to the relief'pipe 139- and extends some distance above the horizontal plane of the pressure and relief valves, and
is provided near the bend at its upper end with a check valve 171- to prevent the pressure fluid from siphoning over and draining the upright leg which is connected to the main pressure pipe.
I have shown in Figs. 3 and 5 additional steam heating pipes -P extending transversely and lengthwise under the upper por-l tion of the endless bed or belt for the purpose of heating the latter and thereby aiding in the liberation of the fats and oils from the material under pressure. What I claim is 1. In a press of the character described, a
bed, a press-box adj acent to the bed, a press-` surface of the bed, means for moving the press-head, and additional means for operating the sides of the box.
3. In a press of the character described, a'.
for the press-head.
4. In a press of the character described, a bed for supporting the material to be pressed, a `press-box for confining such material on the bed and provided with opposite movable sides having packing strips slidably engaging the bed, means for actuating the press-head, and additional means for actuating the movable sides of the box.
5. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a confining box for the material having inlet and outlet ates, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating the presshead, and additional hydraulic means controlled bythe movement of the press-head for operating the gates.
6. In a press of the character described, a bed for the material to be pressed, a confining box for the material to be pressed having laterally movable sides, a press-head, hydraulic means for operating the press-head, and additional hydraulic devices controlled by the movement of the press-head for oper- 'ating the movable sides of the box.
7. In a press of the character described, a movable supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material on the bed, a press-head movable toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating said press-head, and additional hydraulic means separate from that which operates the press-head and controlled by the movement of said press-head for operating the movable bed.
8. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material on t-he bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates, an adjustable shearing plate with which the inlet gate shears, a presshead movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for actuating the press-head, and additional means controlled by the movement of the press-head for opening and closingthe gates.
9. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a press-box having inlet and outlet gates, a packing trip at the lower end of the inlet gate and bearing upon the upper surface of the bed, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating the press-head, and additional means controlled by the movement vof the press-head for opening and closing the gates.
l0. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a press-box confining the materia-l on the bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates and having its opposite sides movable laterally, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for actuating the press-head, additional means controlled by the movement of the press-head for opening and closing the gates, and further means also controlled by the press-head for moving the sides of the box laterally.
11. In a press of the character described, a movable supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material on said bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates and laterally movable sides, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating said head, separate hydraulic devices controlled by the movement of t-he press-head for opening and closing the gates, additional hydraulic means controlled by the movement of the press-head for operating the sides of the box laterally, and further means also controlled by the movement oflthe press-head for operating the movable be 12. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the material on the bed and provided with inlet and outlet gates, a metal packing strip at the lower edge of the inlet gate and bearing upon the bed, additional metal packing strips running along the lower edges of the sides of the box and also bearing upon the upper surface of the bed, a press-head movable in the box toward and from the bed, hydraulic means for operating said presshead, and separate hydraulic devices controlled by the movement of the press-head for operating the gates.
13. In a press of the character described, a movable endless bed for supporting the material to be pressed, a press-box confining t-he material on a portion of said bed, a press-head movable toward and from the bed, means for actuating the press-head, additional means for actuating the endless bed, and a stripping knife running transversely across the upper surface of the bed with its cutting edge in close proximity to, and opposed to, the movement of the upper portion of the bed for freeing the material from said bed as the latter is moved to discharge the pressed material therefrom.
14. In a press of the character described, a supporting bed for the material to be pressed, a press-box for confining the mate-
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2649731A (en) * 1948-09-27 1953-08-25 Fmc Corp Citrus fruit juice extracting method and apparatus
US3230866A (en) * 1964-01-31 1966-01-25 Ahlstroem Oy Infeed device
US5579685A (en) * 1995-02-23 1996-12-03 Insta Lettering Machine Company Breakaway engagement mechanism

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2649731A (en) * 1948-09-27 1953-08-25 Fmc Corp Citrus fruit juice extracting method and apparatus
US3230866A (en) * 1964-01-31 1966-01-25 Ahlstroem Oy Infeed device
US5579685A (en) * 1995-02-23 1996-12-03 Insta Lettering Machine Company Breakaway engagement mechanism

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