US975165A - Flaming-arc lamp. - Google Patents

Description

R. SCOTT.

FLAMING ARC LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1907.

Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

2 SHEETSSHIEET 1..

R. SCOTT.

FLAMING ARC LAMP.

{KPPLIOATION FILED JUNE 21, 1907.

Patented NOV. 8, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

nnnrn soo'r'r, E NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY ME'sNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

SCOTT ELECTRICAL COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y., a CORPORATION or MAINE.

FLAMING-ARC LAMP.

states.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RALPH Soorr, a citizen of the United States, residing at clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to are lamps, and more, particularly to theso-called Bremer Y or flaming arc lamp in which metallized carbons are used, and in which the arc takes the form of a' comparatively long and very luminous flame.

The electric arc'whenproduced between plain carbon electrodes is not luminous, and the most eflicient results are obtained when the carbons are not widely separated. On the other hand, with metallized carbons the are is very luminous, and the best results are obtained with an are four or five times as long as with plain carbons. Moreover the stability of a long arc between metallized carbons'is very much greater than that between plain carbons. For these various reasons flaming are light mechanism should be capable of producing a normal are about five-eighths of an inch long inordinary operation. By the Brenner, Oarbone, Baker,

and other devices, this is done by having downwardly convergent electrodes separated by about one-fourth of an inch at the points and a magnetic field'to blow :the, arc downward from the points and lengthen it to' the required extent. This is particularly advantageous, in that it positions the are most efficiently for the purpose of ordinary illumination, and also causes the electrodes to burn away evenly. a

On account of the long are, and the sensitiveness ,thereof to air currents, etc, considerable dificulty is found'in keeping the arc steady and uniform in its normal osition. By the present invention I have i lustrated an arrangement including several features by which this dificulty is overcome and the arc controlled and made steady in its position.

In accordance withthe present invention, the arc is also regulated, t at is to say, kept Specification of Letters Patent.

' parts are 'Inthe drawings: Figure 1 is a side view showing the general principles of construction and action of a flaming arc lamp embodying my invention; for the sake of clearness, a number of details of the construction are omitted in this figure; Fig. 1 is a detail view of the means for mechanically connecting the electrodes whereby they feed to gether; Fig. 2 is a detail view of the lower ends of the electrodes of the same, and showlng all of the features of the construction which were omitted in Fig. 1-; Fig. 3 is a similar viewshowing the arc in normal op-- eration; Fig. 4 is a section on the line ITI-IH of Fig. 2 looking in the direction.

ofthe arrows. v

Referrin to the drawings in which like esignated by the same reference, sign, 1 and 2 denote electrodeswhich may be of metallized carbon supported sons to slide downward toward one another at. a

purpose may be of any desired .sort. In Fig. 1,1 have shown rods A and. B, of which A serves to-guide a carrier 0 having a socket D fixed thereto but insulated therefrom. E

indicates an additional socket having an insulating bushing F which is embraced, by

arms G rigidly projecting from the. carrier I Patented Nov. a, rare. Application filed June '21, 1907. Serial No. 380,006. r

convergent angle.- The mechanism for this 4 C. This construction permits the electrodes to fall freely by gravity unless specially prevented, and insures an equal downward eed or movement thereof under all circumstances. 3 denotes a cup or plateof-nonmagnetic material having a slot 4 there n through which the electrodes extend to a point slightly below its lower. surface.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. I

2, 3 and 4; of the drawings, '1 have illustrated the details of a practical are striklng, maintaining and-re ulating mechanism. In

order to have the illustration of the theo-.

retical principles. more clear, these details have been omitted to Fig. l. 6 denotes as I projects downwardly from the cup 3. This permits the button to be rotated on its axis and act in the same way as a stop at whatever angular position it occupies. In this way undue wear or oxidation at anyparticular point on its periphery is prevented. One of the electrodes 2 passes throu h a pivoted part 8, conveniently stamp of sheet metal in the form of an angle plate, the lower ear or extension 9 of which is slotted at 10, to receive the electrode. 11

indicates inwardly projecting ears from thisplate which are fixed on a spindle 12, having an arm 13. This spindle is shown journaled in the bearings 1 1, which roject upward from the base .3, but are insu ated therefrom by the bushings 15. 16 denotes a weight threaded at the extremity of the arm 13, so

as to be adjustable thereon, and 17 indicates a a magnet conveniently stamped of sheet .metal and having a winding 18. This magnet is also secured to the base 3. by the parts 1 1, and has its poles presented to the part 8, which therefore constitutes an armature. When the lamp is not in use, the armature 8 presses the electrode 2 into contact with the electrode 1, under the influence of the counterweight 16. The relation of the parts under these circumstances is shown in Fig. 2. When the current is turned on, the strik mg magnet 17 is energized in the usual way, which need not be particularly described, so that the armature 8 is attracted and the electrodes separated into the relation shown in Fig. 3.

In addition to the above features of construction, there is an additional one'which pertainsto the provision of holes of predetermined form, size and location in the cup -51 plate 3. 19, 19, (Fig. illustrate holes or openings of this sort- It will be observed thatthese openings are located to oneside t to the central plane of the current flow t erein. These holes 19,19, are on the side of 'the arc corresponding to' theelectrode 1' which has no movement. (It will be noted that the electrode 2 moves throu h a comparatively uce an air draft exactly compensatinglarge part of the slot 4 1n the cu 3). The purpose of theseopenings 19, 19 is to'ppothe air draft which takes place throng the lar e' part of the slot 4, through whic e1ectr e 2- extends. By compensating for the air arm in this way, the. efiect on the-arc is balanced so that the position of the are between the electrodes is made symmetrical, and above all, undue oxidation of one electrode by unequal air currents is prevented.

I will now consider the theoretical principles of the magnetic action by which the arc is maintained and regulated. The are itself has a field tending to deflect it downward. This occurs since the electrodes and the are all constitute conductors carrying a current and the field produced'thereby tends to repel the conductors from one another and therefore the' arc is repelled downward. This action is feeble, because the divergent form which the conductors assume with re spect to one another is not as efficient to repel the arc downward 'as if they were parallel. By reason principally of the proximity of iron parts 21 and also by the equalizing drafts, and also, in less measure, by reason of the stray field from the striking magnet 15, a tendency is produced to crowd the field due to the electrodes downward, the are being correspondingly impelled downwardly, disposing it in thebest position for normal 0 eration. It is evident that if the length of tfie arc increases, the current diminishes, and the field is correspondin 1y decreased-so that the arc is shortened. he converse of this occurs when the arc is required to be lengthcontrolled. It will be seen from this figure that the arc streams almost directl downward from the points of the. electro es, as is desirable, but thereafter flares outward into a curved form. This action is assisted by the curved iron cheeks or bars 21 supported in the plane of the are at such points as to cooperate with its ma etic field to deflect it outward. The lines o force of the ma etic field of the arc in this action are c earl shown in Fig. 1.

In conclusion, the description of my arc lamp may be summed up 'as follows:v First, the electrodes are fed properly. by being connec'ted to ether, and having one rest against a sto oriutton; second, the arc is struck by a. str ing magnet operating on one electrode which asses through a s ot in thev economizer p ate or cup; third, the unequal wash-.

,ing of the electrodes by air currents which ,termined shape or form b its own fie d, the

action of which is assiste by having iron or 'ened, so that it is constantly regulated and paramagnetic checks or bars "adjacent to the arc in a position to draw it out and expand itin proper, directions.

By the use of these various features, and principles, a sin le flaming are may be efliciently produce and maintained between a single pair of downwardly converging elecother in a direction in the plane of the electrodes. trodes and below the lower extremities What I claim, is thereof, In a flaming arc lamp, a pair of d w In witness whereof, I subscribe my signawardly convergent electrodes, a cup through 1 1 the pre ence of tWO Wltnesses. which said electrodes project, and arcuate RALPH SCOTT. iron cheeks or bars having slender de end- Witnesses: ing standards connected to said cup an pre- WALDO M. CHAPIN,

senting their concave faces toward one an- JAMES DAN'mmo.

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