US974458A - Method of utilizing products of combustion and apparatus therefor. - Google Patents

Description

C. A. BAGKSTROM. METHOD OF UTILIZING PRODUCTS OP COMBUSTION AND APPARATUS THEREFOR. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 15, 1908. RENEWED AFB. 7, 1910.

974,458. Patented Nov. 1, 1910.

2 BHEET8-SHEET 1. 5:

Q human 1 animator 0. A. BAGKSTROM. METHOD OP'UTILIZING PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 15, 1908. RENEWED APR. 7, 1910.

Patented Nov. 1, 1910.

2 SHEETS-RESET 2.

Z J 3 a. 1 LP; M///// H-/////// gr z 8 7 W W M F 9/42? i=5;

/Vihwoma UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A.. BACKSTROM, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO'IN'LER- NATIONAL POWER GENERATOR COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

METHOD OF UTILIZING PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.-

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 15, 1908, Serial No. 453,106. Renewed April 7, 1910. Serial No. 554,044.

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. BACK- sTnoM, a citizen of the United States, residing in the .city andcounty of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Utilizing Products of Combustion in Combination with other Suitable Gases, of which the following is a specification.

My present invention relates to a novel construction of an apparatus for utilizing the products of combustion in combination with othersuitable gases,such as for example steam.

The object in View is to devise a form of construction or means by which all the products in a generator or boiler such as a mixture of steam, gases of combustion, air or other fluids capable of absorbing and storing heat will be delivered directly to a prime-mover at a suitable pressure and temperature and discharged therefrom after all of the available heat energy has been extracted or converted into useful work. lVith such objects in'view I provide an apparatus wherein the casing surrounding the generator has a water jacket to which feed water at a comparatively low temperature is fed, thus reducing the tem perature differences to a minimum between the generator proper and the surrounding atmosphere. he importance of this feature will be readily apparent to those skilled in this art sincethe temperature of the generator pro or is enormously high and the losses Woul be enormously great without interposing-between the generator proper and the atmosphere a heat absorbin medium which is continuously fed into t e generator proper as the temperature of the heat absorbing medium rises, thereby maintaining a low temperature of the outerwall of the water jacket and thus avoiding all losses from radiation to the atmosphere- It is we llknown in the art that an engine 0 e'ratin with steam or one operating with t e prod ucts of combustion, such as an internal combustion en ine, has a comparatively low thermal e ciency, that is tosay only a small fraction of the heat ener of the fuel is. converted into useful wor For the lpurpose of illustration, I have shown in t e accompanying drawings one embodiment of my inventlon which has been found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can'be vari- Patented Nov. 1, 1910..

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a Westinghouse engine of the Junior type in which the valve actuating mechanism has been adapted to operate pumps 2 and 3 one.

directly on the engine in close proximity to the steam chest 5 and the motive fluid from the generator passes through a conduit 6 downward into the en ine. The enerator consists of a casing 7 w ich is provided with an annular space or water jacket 8 and an internal boiler or evaporating means 9 con sisting of an outer shell 10 to which is secured two heads 11 and 12 perforated to receive a number of tubes 13 in the usual manner. A burner 14 of any suitable construction is provided to which a liquid or aseous fuel is delivered through the conduit 15 and compressed air is delivered through the conduit 16. means of the sparking device 17 and burns continuously under a constant pressure as long as the air and fuel are adm1tted. Water is supplied at 18 and absorbs 'while remaining in the annular space 8 a certain amount of heat. The water passes from the chamber 8 through orts 19 into the b o1ler9 and is evaporated orming steam which escapes through ports 20 mixlng w1th the products of combustion that flow u ward through the tubes 13 into mixing chain er 21 from whence the mixture passes directly into the engine throu h port 22 and conduit 6 and having performed its m ssion by ex 'andin against the resisting pistons 1s ex auste to the atmosphere.

The mixture is ignited by From the above it will be readily seen that all the heat energy resulting from the combustion of fuel is utilized save that amount which is lost by radiation due to the slight temperature differences and that due to the exhaust pressure. v

The operation is as follows :Fuel is introduced into the conduit 15 and air under pressure is introduced into the conduit 16 and the mixture passes to the burner 14: and is ignited by means of any suitable mechanism such as 'the sparking device 17. The products of combustion flow through the tubes or conduits 13 in close proximity to the heat absorbing medium which would preferably be water and a certain amount of heat is absorbed by the water thereby producing steam which escapes through ports 20 and mixes with the products of combustion so that the mixture of steam and prodnets of combustion enters the engine through port 22 and conduit 6.

It is essential in a device of this character to provlde some means for absorbing the heat which would otherwise be lost due toa radiation, which onaccount of the small cubic capacity of the device and the high temperature would be a large percentage of the total heat units available for useful work, thus rendering the apparatus impractical for commercial purposes. By the provision of a heat absorbing medium such as water, surrounding the generator proper, and which is introduced directly'into the generator the losses due to outside radiation are reduced to such an extent that they may be entirely ignored and a device will be produced in which practically all the heat evolved from the consumption of the fuel is converted into useful work.

It has been found in practicethat the fuel consumption per horse power hour is substantially one-third to one-half as compared with other types heretofore employed.

' It is to be understood that I am not limited to the means herein shown and described to carry out my invention but that these simply illustrate one ,manner in which my method of utilizing all the products of a commingled fuel and air are'fed, a water jacket, a boiler independently supported in said jacket and located in the heat zone of v the burner, said boiler having tubes through which the products-of combustion pass and having ports intermediate the discharge end of said tubes through which steam may pass to mix-with roducts of combustion passing through said tubes and around said boiler, and said water jacket communicating with said boiler.

2. In a generator, means for feeding fuel, means for feeding air, a burner to which the commingled fuel and air is conducted, a water jacket, and a boilerindependently supported in said jacket, surrounded thereby, and located in the heat zone of the burner, said boiler having tubes through which the products of combustion may pass and having ports surrounding the discharge ends of said tubes through which products of combustion may pass to mix with the steam issuing from said ports and the products of combustion passing around said boiler, and said water jacket communicating with said boiler.

3. In a generator, a water jacket, a boiler independently supported therein to permit products of combustion to completely surround said boiler, said boiler having a plurality of open ended tubes through which products of combustion may pass, and provided with ports surrounding the discharge ends of said tubes'to permit steam to mix with the products of combustion passing through the tubes and around the boiler, a burner carried by the water jacket, means for feeding fuel, and means for feeding air, and said water jacket completely surrounding the sides and bottom of said boiler.

4. In a steam generator, a boiler having a plurality of open ended tubes to permit passage of products of combustion, and provided with ports between the tubes for escape of steam to cause an intimate commingling of the steam and products of combustion, there being a common chamber for the steam and products of combustion wherein the mixing takes place, and a source of heat for the boiler, said source of heat operating at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure.

, CHARLES A. BACKSTROM. Vitnesses: H. S. FAIRBANKS, F. A. NEw'roN.

Images