US974006A

US974006A - Controlling apparatus.

Info

Publication number: US974006A
Application number: US48732309A
Authority: US
Inventors: Nikolaus Werle
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1909-04-01
Filing date: 1909-04-01
Publication date: 1910-10-25
Anticipated expiration: 1927-10-25

Description

N. WBRL.

GONTROLLING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED AP. 1, 1909.

Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N. WBRLE.

OONTBOLLING APPARATUS.

`.nr'nmuxolsr FILED Amm. 1009.

rPatented 00125, 1910.

N. WERLE. GONTBOLLING APPARATUS. v

APPLICATION FILED APB. 1, 1909. I 974,006, f Patented oe1;.25,1910.v

4 SHEETS-'SHEET 3.

N. WERLE. GONTBOLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APB. 1, 1909. l v 974,006, Pantea oct. 25,1910.

' ing being show various parts of the machine; Fig. 4 isv Fig. 11 is a view,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

NIXOLAUS WEBL, OF STUTTGART, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 0F ONE-HALF T0 ALOIS SALCHER, 0F INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY'.

CONTROLLING PPABATU. l

citizen of the German Empire, residing at Stuttgart, inthe Kin dom of Wrtember Empire of Germany, ave invented certaln new and useful Im rovements in Controllin Apparatus; andp I do hereby declare the folIowlng to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to Which it appertains to make and use the same.`

Myinvention relates to calculating machines designed to perform examples of addition or subtraction, and in which the subtraction is accomplished as an addition operation so far as the mechanical processes are concerned, but in which machine certain supplemental columns of figures are provi ed for use when subtraction processes are to be performed.

My invention includes general structure of machines of the type above specified, and also 'certain minor plicable to machines of the type specified and contributing to. the operation of the machine as a whole.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a'view showing the machine in plan; Fig. 2 is a view of the machine as seen from a point beneath it looking up; Fig. 3 is a view showing the machine in plan, the cover for the transfer mechanism, and a part of the frame or casbroken away, in order to better a viewr showing a section upon a vertical transverse plane; Fig. 5 is tion to better show the transfer mechanism; Fi 6 is a view showing details of certain locing mechanism upon a larger scale; Figs. 7 and 8 are views showing details of certain aero-setting mechanism upon an enlarged scale; Fig. 9 is a view showing details, upon a larger scale, of certain indicating mechanism and the operatingmeans therefor; Fig. 10 is a view showingdetails certain transfer mechanism andalso portions of recording or indicating mechanlsm;

upon a lar e scale, showing the number plate arrang for performing. addition operations, and; similarv view, the number plate 'ranged for subtraction.'

ing ar- Speeieation ol Letters Patent. -i

Application led April 1, 1909.

. certain recording or auxiliary features ap `ing 7 aside view with, the cover for the transfer mechamsm 1n sec-vv 12 risa' e Patented Oct. 25, 1910. serial No. 4s1,s2s.

although a reater or lesser number maybe emdployed. hese slides are movable longi- 1 them to tu nally for the purpose of settin correspond with a number to be atled to or subtracted from an amount indicated by or indicating mechanism forming a part of the machine, to which end they are provided each with an` operating knob 3. 4

7 'is the casing or frameof the machine Within which lthe greater part of the elements of the machine arev lnclosed and by means of which all are supported, Whic casing is provided with slots 10 through which a prolongation of the knobs 3 extends and which slots therefore form guides for the said knobs and for one end 'of the slides 2. The ends of the slldes remote from the knobs are provided with pointers 1, each slide havin one upon either si e as shown particularly in Figs. 11 and 12.

The reference characters 22 desi nate racks, one for each slide 2, arranged wlthin the casing 7 and connected at one end with the slides 2 by means of y jecting portion of the knobs 3, and having at their other ends pins 43 which roject upward through slots 44 formed intlie casand coperate with transfer mechatwo pointers arranged a downwardly pronism to be hereinafter described. The knob i 3 and the pin 43 of each slide therefore serve as" guides for each endof the slides 22 as saidknob and pin m'ove in the slots 10 and 44 formed in the casin 7 and 'said racks are adapted to engage an operate a nseries of number Wheels or disks '17 which form part of the indicating mechanism for showing at all times the total or net result of a seriesof .additions or subtractions.

The pointers of the slides 2 move over a number plate 6- upon Which'are placed vari ous columns oflfguresused insetting the slides 2 preliminarily toadding or subtracting a preconceived number.7 The plate 6 is 'movable transverse tothe machineby means'of a' handle 8 to bring the proper lcolumns of the machine is to be lus'e'ddforv addition or sub.

figures beneath ythe pointers 1 according" as l not for the present to be traction, and Vthis number plate is covered by a vsecond or cover plate 11 arranged over the slidevs 2 and having a luralityof slots, two for each slide, as siiown in Fig. 1, through which the pointers 1 and columns of fi ures upon the plate 6 may be seen, but wdiich plate conceals the cohmns of figures use The plate 6 has upon it, see Figs. 11 and 12, two columns of figures a used in addition for each slide 2, the figures being arranged alternately upon either side of the slide 2 so that the even` numbers are all in one column i and theodd in the other and by means of which arrangement the figures are more easily read; and two other similarly arranged columns of supplementary figures for each slide used in subtraction; the cover plate 11, however, concealing the columns not to be used so that the columns visible through the slots thereof will be either all addition orall .willbe 1.

subtraction columns as will be understood from Fig; 1 wherein the. columns visible are -for use 1n addition.

Referring further to Figs. 11 and 12, one addition column a contains the even numbers 0-2-4--6 and 8 while the other contains the odd numbers l1--3--5--7 and 9, these two columns being so spaced that they will be upon op oste sides of the slide 2, lso that one of t e pointers 1 of a slide will move over even numbers while. the other moves over odd numbers, it being understood that the arrangement above specified is repeated for each slide. Fig. 7 shows the number plate 6 setfor additlon, while Fig. 12 shows the plate set for subtraction in which process columns b of supplemental figures are utilized, these .having odd numbers arindicate the number 204 while in Fig. 12`

they indicate 7 96 the sum of which is 1,000, a 1 followed by naughts or ciphers. This arrangement is followed throughout all the columns upon the plate 6, and the sum of the addition and subtract-ion readings with a given position of slides will always be all naughts exce yt 'the left hand ure which Tliis requirement wil be seen t', result in that the sum of an addition and a subtraction number which the pointer on the right hand or units slide 2 may point to, forl example'4 and 6, will always be 10; while for all the other slides the sum 'of an additionand a subtraction number which ag' longitudinally of the plate 6, or across the machine', and the saine is true of like num; bers in all the subtraction columns exceit those for the right hand or units slide, the subtraction numbers of which are depressedone space. This follows from the consideration that. while in all columns except the units columns the sum of the numbers which a pointer may indicate is 9, in the units columns it 'is mustbe shifted one space to secure an a1- rangement of figures the sum of which will be 10, and the subtraction columns are displaced as being of the least inconvenience to the user. This brings the naught of the subtraction columns one space below the lowest transverse line of addition figures and below the bottoms of all the other columns as shown.

The slides 2 have columns of figures c as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, ythe column upon the left being an addition and that on the right a subtraction column, and 14 is a bar carried byv the plate 6 and having a hole 15 for each slide 2 which hole comes over an addition lor a subtraction column e according to the position of the slide 6, so that a figure of one or another of the columns may be seen through it; and the cover plate 11 has slots 13 long enough to permit the holes 15 to be seen when over either an addition or a subtraction column c.

Referring now to Fig. 11 the slides 2 are set t0 indicate the number 204 which is to be added to Whatever amount may have been previously accumulated in the total indicating mechanism as' hereinafter explained, and this same number may be read through the slots 13 and holes 15 which elements are provided for the purpose of checking the setting operation performed upon y the slides 2.

Fig.' 12 shows the slides 2'v set to indicate the number 796 bpth in the columns b and holes 15, which number is to be taken from whatever may be indicated by the indicating mechanism, it being understood that in the complete machine all figures upon the plate 6 except the columns a or b and the columns uplon the slides except the figures ini line Wit the holes 15, will be concealed by the cover plate 11.

27 is a bar beneath the horizontal portion of the` casing 7 and best shown in Fig. 2` which extends transverse to the machine and is movable across the machine, and to which spuug-pressed pawls 24 corresponding in number with the slides 2 and racks 22 are pivoted as at 25, which pawls permit the racks to move freely in setting the slides but engage and prevent areturn movement thereof, thereby 4temporarily holding the racks 1n whatever position they may be moved into by the knobs 3 in setting the slides. J e i 26 are springs carried by the bar 27 and 10; so that one of the columns serving to press the pawls toward the racks, and l23 are springs, one for each slide 2, located beneath the racks` and the urpose of which is to return the racks and s' ides to their, 'original' position when the pawls 24 are moved so as to disengage and release the racks as will hereinafter appear. One end.

of each of these springs is connected with the pin 43 above referred to, and the other end 1s connected to the frame or casing of the machine as shown. w

The total indicatingmechanism includes a bar 19 'within the casing 7 and movable across the machine, and carrying a series 'of upright pins 18 corresponding in 'number wlt-h the slides 2 and u on each of which pins a number wheel 17 1s SuDDorted, which wheels are provided with hubs 20, andwith pinions 21 at their lower ends, See Fig. 9,

. which pinions-'when the bar 19 is moved to the right will be brought into with the racks 22, and when movedfv-to the left will ,be disengaged from the racks. The number wheels 17 have figures 0 to 9 and the pinions 21 have each ten engagement said bar is teeth, the same in-number as the number of figures upon the number wheels. These numberf wheels are lrotated in a counter clockwise direction by means 22 as they move forward or away from the operator, the pinions 21 having been brought into engagement with the racks as aforesaid. One-figure only of each number wheel isvisible through a seriesof holes formed in the casing 7 as shown in Fig. 1, and the figures thus appearing represent the total net result of the preceding operations of the machine. .Y p A 28 are guides forthe

bars

19 and 27, a guidel being placed upon either side'of the machinevso that eachl end of the bars referred to is supported.

The

bars

19 and 27 are operated to move the pinions 21 into enga ementwith the racks 22-and to' disengage t e pawls 24 from the racks, for which purpose each pawl has av pin projecting into a recess formed in the bar 27 as shown in Fig. 2 and within which recesses the pins have a limited movement, by means of an operating member in the form of a reciprocating slide 29 located beneath the-horizontal,portion of the casing 7 and movable longitudinally of the machine, which o eratmg member is provided with. a cam sot 32 .with whichJa pin 34 carried by the bar 19 engages, and with a second cam slot 33 withwhich a in 35 carried` b the bar 27 engages, the said cam slots having offset portions, as vshown in Fig. 3, by means of which` construction and arrangement transverse movements will be communicated to the. bars 19` and 27 as the operating vslide is reciprocated, as will be understood, i The slide29 is'operated by a knobr'or handle '30 movablel in 'a s1ot- 31 tion of the cam slot 32 of the racks i formed in the casing 7 as shown in Fi 1 and which slot forms a guide'` for one en of the slide 29, the other end thereof being guided by a pin 49 movable in a second slot formed also in the casing 7.

The relative arrangement of the parts above referred to is such that as the operating slide 29 is moved downward from the position shown in Figs. 1 and 3, which will commonly be toward the operator, the bar 19 is first moved to the right as the olset porengages the pin 34 to therebyT move t-he pinions 21 into engagement with the racks 22, after which the bar 27 is'moved to the left as the offset portion of'the cam slot 33 engages the pin 35 to thereby move the pawls 24 out of engagement with the racks 22.' The racks are now in engagement' with the pinions 21 and, the pawls 24 having been disengaged from them, the racks are free to return to their original positions under the influence of the springs 23, during which movement rotary motion will be communicated to the several number wheels 17 and they will, at the end* of such return movement, register or indicate a number corresponding with the number for which t-he slides were set, assuming the Wheels to have been in their initial or zero positions. The operating slide 29 is then moved u Ward or awayv from the operator, the eect of which will obviously be the reverse of the operations upon the bars above explained, that is the bar 27 will be first moved so as to brin the pawls 24 into'engagement` With the rac s 22, after which the pinions 21 will be moved away from and out of en-y gagement with the racks 22 so that the` slides 2 and racks may be set to correspond with a number to be next added to oi' Sub-` traoted from the amount or remainder 1ndicated by the several number wheels as seen through the holes in the casing.

The operation thus far explained Adoes not contemplate transfer mechanlsm for advancing any given number Wheel 17 .gone place as the number wheel neXt to the right of it completes a rotation.

The construction and operationv the a.

transfer mechanism forming a part of the. machine 1s as follows:

The pins 4,3 .whereby y the slides 2 and the racks 22 are .connected` y together extend upward througlithe slots 44 as aforesaid Which slots form guides for the pins.

levers,

pivoted at 37 to the casing 7 and-thelon er -arm of which is. provided with Va vhook lyingnormally in the path'of movement ofgthej pins 43 and which pins, and consequently The reference characters irll dicate a series of right-angled or elbow# one for each slide` 2 and 'rack v22,

hooks form a stop for the for-the racks. 22 and.

slides 2, when the slides have returnedpto their original positions land .the f pointers f Whichtli'ey carry again indicate'naughtv number wheel to the wheel of the next higher order, vbeing the wheel next toward the left, the slide and rack which operate the number wheel of the next higher order referred to go back or return one space beyond their original position in which the pointerindicates (0), or one space beyond the position in which they will normally be arrestedby the hooked end of the lever 36, thereby turning the number wheel of the rack and slide in question one space or number farther than it would be turned by its rack were not such further movement permitted, whereby the number wheel in question is caused to indicate a number greater by one (1) than the number it would indicate because of the position intowhich its slide was adjusted or set. The shorter arms of the levers 36 are ivotally connected each with a rod 39, an' the upper ends of the said rods are rovided with pins 40 which bear against t e periphery of the number wheels 17. 41 is a guide plate having slots wherein the pins 40 are guided, and 38 are springs, one for each lever, in engagement with the short' arms of the levers and which press the pins 40 against the peripheries of the number wheels as shown in Fig. 10. The periphery of each number wheel has a slot 16 at the portion thereof occupied by the figure naught (O) throu h which the pins 40 will pass when the sfot is opposite the pin, and the wheels 17 are beveled interiorly as shown in Fig. 9 so that the pins may slide over the edge of the wheels whensuch pins as have passed through slots 16 are withdrawn from the interior of the wheels as will appear hereinafter. From the above it will be seen that when any pin 40 passes through a slot 16 the hook at the end of the long arm of' the lever 36 will be swung to the left, thereby releasing the pin 43 and rack and slide 2 which operate the number wheel .which is next tothe left and consequently of the next hi her order, thus permitting the rack and s 1de-to move back one space beyond their initial position as above explained.

The transfer mechanism above disclosed is controlled by the operating slide 29 as follows 45 is a reciprocating bar extending across the machine as shown in Figs. 3 and 10 and provided with suitable guides, and 46 is a link pivoted to the casing 7 at 47` and the free end of which is connected with the hand end of the bar 45 andl which link is provided with a curved cam slot 48 in which a p'in 49 carried by the operating slide 29 travels as the slidef is operated. The arrangement of the parts, as shown in Fig. 3, is such that during the first part of the movement of the slide toward the operator the bar 45 will be moved to the left by the action of the pin 49 in the slot 48 while during the latter part of the movement of said operating slide the bar will remain at rest or will have very little movement. The bar 45 has a plurality of pins 42, one for each lever 36, which pins, When the bar is in its right hand position as shown in Fig. 3, engage the ends of the longer arms of the levers 36 as shown. As the bar 45 is moved to the left as aforesaid the pins 42 are moved away from the levers 36, thereby permitting the springs 38 to force the pins 40 toward the eripheries of the several number -wheels 117, whereupon the pins 40 will enter the interiors of such of the number wheels as may be in position such that the slot 1G thereof is in line with the pins 40, while the pins 40 will rest against the peripheries of the other number wheels. This will place the transfer mechanism in condition such that the required tens transfers will be effected as above explained when the several racks and slides are released as explained at the end of the movement of the operating slide 29, it being remembered that the bar 45 is operated to setI the transfer mechanism during the first part of the movement of the slide 29 and before the racks and slides are released. As the slide 29 is moved away from the operator and during the last part of its movement the bar 45 will be moved to the right, the effect of which is to swing such ofthe levers 36 as may have been operated because of their pins 40 passing through the slots 16, back into their original positions thereby withdrawing the pins 4() from the interior of the number wheels 17. The bar 45 also forms a stop for limiting the excess backward or reabove referred to and for returning the Yslides to a zero position, to which end the bar is provided with recesses 50 corresponding in number with the slides, which recesses have inclined walls. As the slides return beyond their naught or zero position the bottoms of the recesses 50 are engaged by the pins 43 to 'limit the return movement to one space beyond the naught or zero positions, and, as the bar moves to the right the inclined walls of the recesses engage the pins 43 and move the racks and slides one space, so that the pointers will all point to naught (0) thus placing them in condition such that they may be adj usted or set to correspond with a new number to be added or subtracted. A

As explained above, the right hand or units slide and rack vmust be capable of. movement one space below the lower ends of the several columns of figures upon the number plate 6 when the machine is used for subtraction, but not when used for addition, t-o which end a pin 51, Fig. 2, is provided upon theunder side of the plate 6 which depends through a slot in the casing 7 and comes adjacent the rack 22 of the turn movement of the several racks and slides it-s end which stop units slide. The units slide has a stop 52 at contacts with the pin 51, When the machine is set for addition and the units slide ward the o erator, when the pointer 1 reaches the gottom of a column upon the number plate and points to the addition number 9. When, however, the machine is and operable by a is carried .at the to be used for subtraction the movementof the number plate 6 will carry the pin 51 out of line with the stop 52, and the slide may then be moved farther to bring the pointer 1 one space below the lower ends of the columns of addition fi res.

Means are provide for preventing rotary movement of the several number wheels 17 when they are not in engagement with the racks 22 as follows: 59 is a bar extending transverse to the machine and located adJacent the pinions 21 and having lock hooks 58 adapted to engage the pinions as shown in Figs. 3 and 6. The bar 59 is prevented from moving to the right farther than the position in which it is shown in these figures; from whch it is obvious that the pinions and number wheels are locked and prevented from rotatin when the parts are in the positions shown, but that the pinions, upon being moved to the right as aforesa1d,will be moved away from the lock hooks and brought into contact with the racks 21. After having been turned by the racks the pinions are returned t0 the left and brought into en agement with the lock hooks as will be understood. The bar, 59, is, however, capable of movement to the left', a spring 60 being provided for opposing such movement. This movement of the bar 59 to the left from the position shown in Figs. 3 and 6 is for the purpose of releasin the pinions 21 to allow 'them to be returned to their zero positions b setting mechanism as fo lows: Secured to the lower ends of the several inions 21, see Figs. 7 to 9, are heart-

sha e cams

53, and 54 are a `series of pins ad)apted, to en age the cams and which pins are carried y a bar 55 movable transverse to the machine vhandle or knob 56, a rovided for returning the bar to its right and position and keepin itthere when not pressed to the left by the operator. The bar 55 is provided with a lug 63 which is adapted to enga lug 61 attached to the locking bar 59. his lug 61 free end of a flat spring 62 secured tothe bar 59, and said lug is beveled and adapted to enga a stationary lu 64, whereby the lug 61 will be lifted, as w1 l be understood from Fig. 9. v u

Such being the construction of the zerospring 65 being setting mechanism, it l will be v understood.

is drawn downward or -tomeans of zeroand 61 thus movin the lock hooks 58 out of engagement wit the pinions 21. The 'pins 54 will presently engage the heartshaped cams 53'and will rotate them until the cams assume Athe positions shown in Fig. 8 at which time the number wheels will have been all returned to their zero-positions. At this time the lug 61 comes into en agement with the fixed lug 64, whereupon t e lu 61 is lifted and the locking bar 59 freed rom the bar 55, and moved to the right by the spring 60 and the lock 'hooks 58 again brought into engagement with the pinions 21 to lock'thenumber wheels in thelr zero positions.

The opera-tions of the various separate mechanisms of my device have been herein-` before explained. The operation of the machine as a Whole in performing operations of addition or subtraction will be understood from the following: Assume that 734 and 648 are to be added. The slides 2 and racks 22 are moved toward the operator or downward, the pointer 1 on the units slide being moved to 4, that o f the tens slide to 3 and of the hundreds slide to 7, the pointers of all tliefother slides pointing to 0. The number 734 is thus set. The operating slide 29 is now moved downward or toward the operator whereupon the pinions 21 are moved into contact with the racks 22 and the racks released so that they may rot-ate the number wheels 17. The slide is then returned to its original position, whereupon the number wheels will indicate the number 00000734 and the several wheels will be locked in The the againoperated, whereupon the number 648 will be added tothe number alread yindicated by the numberwheels, the tota result being 00001382. The mechanical operations several slides are next set to indicate are precisely the same if'subtra'ction is to 11o not in use must be setto indicatenauglit (0)4 POmterS u on thesubtraction scale. lThe u, will Subtlf?`l en set to indicate 648 upon the tion columns will, if for experiment and' number 648, and the operating slide 29 position by the lock hooks 58.

lorder to better understand the operation of the machine the number late is' moved, into its addition position, incicate 9999952 ,-t1 1e ointers and racks-not 'having beeumoved. gVhen, therefore, the slides` set to subtract the number and permitted to return to their initial'poi sit-ion, an addition be process will i'n reality performed by the as explained, are m1611993 5 mechanical elements of the machine, which process may be expressed Multiplication may obviously be accom# plished as a series of addition operations,

' brought into enga and division as a series of subtractions, alt-hough my machine is more especially designed for addition and lsubtraction operations.

Havin thus described my invention and explaine the operation thereof, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. Ina calculating machine, a series of reciprocating vracks arranged parallel with one another means for temporarily retaining said racks in the positions into which the may be moved; means for automatical returning said racks to their initial positions; a graduated scale; a pointer cnnected with each of said racks and movable adjacent said scale; a reciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; a series of number Wheels, one for each rack, carried by said bar and each of which has a pinion, said pinions being normally out of engagelnent with said racks but adapted to be ement therewith by a movement of said ar; means for moving said bar to move said pinions into engagement with said racks; and`v means acting upon the temporary retaining means aforesaid for releasing said racks.

2..In a calculating machine, a series of reciprocating racks arranged parallel with one another; a spring for each of said racks, the tendency of which is to return the rack to its initial positionv after it has been moved therefrom; a graduated scale; a pointer connected with each of said racks and movable adjacent said scale; ya reciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; a series of number wheels, one for each rack, carried by said bar and each of which has a pinion, said pinions being normally out o engagement with said racks but ada tedetobe brought into en a ement therewitlli by a movement of sai ar; a second reci rocating bar arranged transverse to sai racks; a series of pawls, one for each rack, carried by said second bar and said pawls being normally in en agement with said racks but adapted to e disenga ed therefrom by a movement of said secon bar; means for moving said first mentioned bar to move said pinions into engagement with said racks; and means for moving said second bar to move said pawls out of engagement with said racks.

s. In s emulating' machine, a serie-s ef reciprocating racks arranged parallel with one another; a spring for each of said racks, the tendency of which is to return the rack to its initial position after it has been moved therefrom; a graduated scale; a pointer connected with each of said racks and movable adjacent said scale; areciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; a seria-.fs o f number wheels, one for each rack, carried by said bar and each of which has a pinion, said pinions being normally out of engagement with said racks but adapted to` be brought into engagement therewith by a movement of said bar; a second reciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; a series of pawls, one for each rack, carried by said second bar and said pawls being normally in engagement with said racks but adapted to be disengaged therefrom by a` movement of said second bar; a reciprocating operating slide having two cam slots; a pin carried by said first mentioned bar and adapted to enga eone of the cam slots of said operating side; and a pin carried by said second bar and adapted to engage the other cam slot of said operating slide.

4. In a calculating machlne, a plurality of adjustable slides, each of which is providedwith two pointers arranged one upon either side thereof; and a number plate having two columns of figures for each of said slides the same being arranged one upon either side of each slide and over which the pointers of said slide move, one of said columns being ieade up of even and the other of odd num- 5. In a calculating machine, a plurality of adjustable slides, each of which is provided with two pointers arranged one upon either side thereof; a movable number'plate having four columns of figures for each of said slides, two being for use in addition and two in subtraction operations, the columns being so arranged that the addition or the subtraction columns will be one upon either side of each slide and over which two columns the ointers of said slide move, and each in.

divi ual column being made up of even vor of odd numbers; and means for moving sald number plate so as to bring all the addition or all the subtractioncolumns beneath said pointers.

6. In a calculating machine, a plurality of adjustable slides, each of which 1s provided with two pointers arranged one upon either side thereof; a number plate movable transverse to said pointers and havingfour col'- umns of figures for each of said slides, two being for use in addition and two in subtraction operations, the columns being so arranged that the addition or the subtraction columns will be one upon either side of. each slide and over which two columns the pointers of said slide move, and each individual column being made up of even or of odd I to be disengaged numbers; means for moving said number plate so as to bring all the addition or all the subtraction columns beneath said pointers; and a stationary cover plate having slots through which the pointers and the columns of figures beneath them are visible, but which conceals the columns not in use.

7. In a calculating machine, a series of racks arranged parallel with one another and movable from a given initial position in one direction into various positions toindicate a number to be added, and movable in a reverse direction into positions beyond their initial positions, each of said racks having a stop; a series of number wheels, one for each rack, each of which has a pinion engaged by one of said racks and through which sald number Wheels are rotated, and each number wheel having a slot formed in its periphery; a series of oscillating levers, one for each rack, one arm of each of which levers has a hook adapted to enga e the stop aforesaid of a rack to arrest t e reverse 5 movementv thereof, and the other arm of which is connected with a rod, the free end of which rod has a pin adapted to bear against the periphery of the number Wheel o the next lower order than the number 0 wheel operated by the rack the movement of which a particular lever arrests, or to enter the slot of said number wheel; a spring acting upon each lever to swing the hooked end of such levers asare released by the pinof their rod entering the slot of a number wheel as aforesaid away from the stop which 'it .normally enga es to thereby release its rack; and means or returning suchgracks as may have moved beyond their initial positions as aforesaid, and such. levers as may have been swung as aforesaid, back to their initial positions.

8. In a calculati machine, a series of racks arranged parailIel with one another and movable from a given initial position in one direction into variousl positions to indicate a number to be added, and movable in a reverse direction into positions beyond their initial positions, each of said racks having a sto a spring for each rack, the tendency of which is. tomove the rack in a reverse direction as arranged transverse to said racks; a series of number wheels, one for each rack, carried by said bar and each of which has a pinion, said'pinions being normally out of engagement with said racks but adapted to be in engagement with said racksbut adapted aforesaid; a reciprocatin barV therefrom by a movement of said second bar; a series of oscillating levers, one for each rack, one arm of eac -of which levers has'a hook adapted to engage the stop aforesaid of a rack to arrest the reverse movement thereof, and the other arr'n of which is connected with a rod, the free end of which rod has a pin adapted to bear against wheelv of the next lower order than the number wheel operated by the rack the movement of which a particular lever arrests, or toV enter the slot of said number wheel; a spring acting upon each lever to-swing the hooked end of such levers as are released by the pin of their rod entering the slot of a number `wheel as aforesaid away from the stop which it normally engages to thereby release 4its rack; means for movingsaid first mentioned Vbar to move said pinions.

the periphery of the number intoengagement with said racks; means for moving said second bar to move said pawls out of engagement with said racks; and means for returning such racks as may have been moved beyond their initial positions as aforesaid, and such levers as may have been swung'as aforesaid, back to their initial positions.

9. In a calculating machine, a series of racks arranged parallel with one another and movable from a given initial position in one directioninto various positions to indicate a number to be added, and movable in a reverse direction into positions beyond their initial positions, each of said racks having a stop; a spring for each rack; the tendency of which is to movethe rack in a reverse direction as aforesaid; a reciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; a series of number wheels, one for each rack, carried by said bar and each of which has a pinion, said pinions being normally out of engagement with saidracks but adaptedl to be brought into engagement therewith by a movement of said bar, and each of which number wheels has a slot formed 1n its periphery; a second reciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; a series of pawls, one for each rack, carried by said second bar and said pawls being normally in engagement with said racksbut adapted to be dlsengaged therefrom by a movement of saidl second bar; `a series of oscillating levers, one for each rack, one Yarm ofl each of which levers has a hook adapted to engage the stop aforesaid `of a rack to arrest the reverse movement thereof, and the other arm of which is connected with a rod, the' free end of which rod has a pin adapted to bear against the periphery of the number wheel of the next lower order than the number-wheel operated by the rack the movement of which a particular lever arrests, or to enter the slot of said number wheel; a

spring acting upon each lever to swing the hooked end of such levers as are released by the'rpin of their rod entering the slot of a number wheel as aforesaid away from the stop which it normally engages to thereby release its rack; a reciprocating operating slidehaving a projecting pin and havin also two cam slots; a pin carried by said first mentioned bar and adaptedto engage one of the cam slots of said operating slide; a pin carried by ed to engage the other cam operating slide; a reciprocatin a series of inclined portions a apted to engage the stops of such racks as may have moved beyond their initial` positions as aforesaid to thereby move them back to their initial positions, and havingalso a series slot of said bar having of pins adapted to engage by .the hooked i said pinions reciprocating racks;

ends of such levers as may have been swung as aforesaid to thereby move them back to their initial positions; and a pivoted link connected with said last mentioned bar and having a cani slot in which the pin of said operatin slide moves.

10. In a cculating machine, a series of a reciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; a series of number wheels, one for each rack, carried by said bar and each of which has a'pinion,

being normally ont of engagement with said racks but adapted to be brought into engagement therewith by a movement of said bar; and a lock bar arranged transverse to said racks and having said second barand adapt-I a series of lock hooks, one for each pinion, into engagement with which lock hooks said pinions arev brought as said pinions are moved away from said racks.

1l. In a calculating machine, a series of reciprocating racks; a reciprocating bar arranged transverse to said racks; aseries of number wheels, one for each rack, carried by said bar and each of which has a pinion, said pinions being normally out of engagementwith said racks but adapted to be brought into engagement therewith by a movement of said bar; a lock bar arranged transverse to 'said racks and having a series 'of lock hooks, one for each pinion, into engagement with which lock hooks said pinions are brought as said. pinions are moved away from said racks; a heart-shaped cam connected with-each of said number Wheels; a reciprocating setting bar arranged transverse to said racks and having a pin adapted to engage each cam; a lug carried by said setting bar and adapted to engage a second lug upon the free end of a spring carried by JEAN GULDEN, HERMANN Hurra.

`said lock bar; and a lug with Which the lug I