US973836A - Brush for dynamo-electric machines. - Google Patents

Description

H. L; ZABRISKIB.

BRUSH FOBDYNAMO ELECTRIC MAOHINES.

APPLIOATIOI FILED AUG. 19, 1908.

Patanted 0015.25, 1910. 2 an n'rsrsnnn'r 1.

WITNESSES w "H. L. ZABRBKIBL BRUSH FOR DYNAMO ELECTRIU HACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 19, 1908.

Patented 061325, 1910.

5 2 snnms-8nnsw 2.

j447X7/wmrpn BY momm- UNITED sTA'rnsr Tn T OFFICE.

HENRY L. ZABRISKIE, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO DIEHL MANUFAC- TUBING COMIPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

BRUSH FOB DYNAMIC-ELECTRIC HACHINES.

Specification of Letters 2mm. Patented Oct. 25, 1910.

Application fi1ec1 Aug1ist 19, 1908. Serial Ho. 449,212.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY L. ZAnnIsKIn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brushes for D nanlo-Electric Machines, of which the fo lowing is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has for its primary object to rovide a carbon brush-block with detac able means for conducting electric current to the brush-holder or some suitable part of tired namo electric machine also to provide the lirush with insulation to prevent the conduction of current through the pressure spring bylmeans of which the same is normally pressed upon the commutator.

Many of the devices heretofore constructed for connecting a flexible conducting lead to the brush are permanently secured to the latter, and cannot therefore be detached from a worn out brush-block and applied to a new brush-block. Other connectlng devices between the flexible lead and the brushblock include a conducting plate extending down'the sides of the brush-block, thus necessitating the millin away of the adjacent portions of the brus 1 in order that such plate may be flush with the. side faces of the same to permit its free movement within the socket to which it is slidingly fitted. Owing to the hardnessof the carbon of which these non-metallic brush-blocks are normally formed, the construction of such form of connection is difficult and unsatisfactory. Still other devices heretofore employed involve the drilling of holes in the brushblock and insertion therein of expansiblc plugs which are liable to burst the brush, or rely upon the use of solder which is liable to be softened in case the brush becomes overheated, thus destroying the effective contact between the brush and the conducting lead.

According to the present improvement, in its" preferred form, a transverse recess or cavity is formed at a olnt remote from the operative end of the rush-block 1n whlch is inserted a metallic conductor forming anchorage which is connected by one or more metallic screws or studs with an external late or cap upon the end of the brush-b ock-to which is in turn secured the metallic lead. To insure against the use of be arrangedtransversely of the ength the ressure spring of the brush-holder in "con noting the current from the brush to the operative part of the dynamo electric machine, a non-conducting block is preferably seated upon the inoperative end of the block and secured thereto by means formed upon the metallic cap-plate, and the pressure spring is permitted to bear upon its insulatlng block.

From the foregoing, it will be observed that the essence of the present improvement resides in applyin the so-called anchorage to the ody o the brush-block as near as possible to the operative end, or that resting in contact with the commutator, consistent with durability, while retaining sufficient stock intermediate the same and the point of connection of the conductor to afford the necessary length of the block after it has become shortened by wear to insure its proper brush-holder.

It has been common heretofore to attach to the end of the brush-block a metallic capplate by means. of a fastening screw or screws assing through an aperture in the body 0 the samefbut the present improvement has the advantage over such construetion of means for drawing the transversely disposed anchorage firmly against the wall guidance in the socket of theof the aperture in the body of the brushranged clamping screws electrically connecting the ca plate with the anchorage, and

drawing t es'eparts forcibly together to.

firmly clamp between them the intermediate portion of the'brush-block, the effectiveness of the electrical connection betweenthe commutator and the lead is made highly eflicient,

while the component parts, being merely mechanically connected to ether, are readil detachable for renewal 0% the brush-bloc without affecting the subjected to wear. It is evidently very desirable that the conductive anchora shouh;

the' brush-block and of the flow of current therein in order to provide the greatest possible' area for flow of current from the conarts which .are not tact end of the block tothe surface of the The invention will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of one em bodiment of the improvement and Fig. 2 an end view of the same partlyin section. Fig. 3 1s a side view, partly in section, of a slightly modified form of the improvement,

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a brush-holder, containing a brush similar to that represented in Fig. 3. F igs.;5 and 6 are perspective views, partly in section, of two modified 'with its longer sides, in which is inserted a conducting plug or anchorage 3, preferably of copperof substantially the size of said hole or cavity. Upon the flat adjacent end of the brush-block" is seated a metallic capplate 4, which may be of sheet brass, one end of the same being, as represented in Figs. 1,-

and --2, reduced in width to form a tongue which is turned backwardly upon the. top of the plate to afiord a socket 5 in which is inserted one end of the flexible metallic con-' ducting lead 6, whose opposite end-is conneeted with the brush-holder or a suitable part of the machine to which the same is ap plied. Through longitudinal. holes formed in the upper end of the brush-block intersecting the hole or cavity 2 are inserted the screws 7 entering threaded transverse holes in the opposite end portions of the plug 3,

with their heads 8 'and.9 seated upon the opp osite ends of the cap-plate 4, the screw 7 in igs. 1 and 2 passing through the lead-end i of the flexible lead. 6 is secured within a socket 5 with its head 9 seated thereon,

whereby the lead is clamped firmly in posi-.

tionand the cap-plate is bound securely .to the conducting plug 3. In the form of the brush represented'in Figs. 3 and'et, the head I 9 of the conducting screw 7 is formed with a cavity 9 in which is introduced one extremity of the lead 6 which-is in practice secured therein by means of solder. In order to prevent the loosening of the screws 7, a hole 10 is drilled axially through the conducting plug 3 and fastening screws 7 and a metallic wirev 11 is inserted through the same with its ends turned over at 12, thus locking the parts securely against working loose in the action of the machine. ,Thecap-plate 4 is provided intermediate the screws 7 with a rectangular opening 13 having along oppo I apex of the block 15 thus afi'ords an insulated bearing for the pressure spring of the brush-holder, and. insures against the conduction of current from the brush-block to the brush-holder through the spring, which would tend to heat the latter andthus draw its temper and render the holder ineffective.

In Fig. 4 is represented a brush-holder of the sliding socket type a' plied to the supporting rod or arbor 16 o a dynamo electric lnachine. This brush-holder is constructed substantially in accordance with that represented in my pending application Ser. No. 223,811, filed Sept. 9, 1904, and comprises a brush-socket 17 0 en at'both ends and pro'-' vided with a pair of laterally projecting spaced rigid arms 18 having alined transverse apertures fitted to and entered by the stud or mandrel 16-and fixed upon the same by means of the set-screw 19, a tubular sleeve 20 being loosely fitted upon the stud or man'- .drel intermediate said arms and encircled by a coded spring 21 one end of which is se- 0nd arm 27 accessible for shifting the pawlarm 25 temporarily out of engagement with the ratchet-teeth 24 of the sleeve 20 in opposition to the spring 28 to permit the circular adjustment of the sleeve bearing the inner end of the'spring 21 by means of the radial pin 29. l

As described in relation to Fig.3, one end formed upon one of the spaced arms 18 of the brush-holder frame, whereby an effective electrical connection is established between I brush-block is provided with short holes or v cavities, and each of the fastening screws 7 is provided with an anchorage afforded by a' semi-cylindrical metallic block 34 through which the split threadedend 7 of the screw passes into the open space of the cavity beneath, where it is spread or flared. slightly by means of a suitable wedge-pointed tool inserted in on'eend of thetra-nsverse hole or cavity. In Fig. the holes 2" a1e shown site face of the brush-block.

disposed in parallel relation crosswise of the block,- while in Fig. 6 the holes are drilled in substantial alinement-inwardlyj from the narrower faces of the block and parallel with the cap-plate 4.

Referring to Figs. 7 and ,8, which represent a construction more suitable for the smaller sizes of brush, a longitudinal hole or cavity is drilled bat-ween two brushblocks-temporarily' clan; ed together so as to form a semi-cylindrical cavity in each,

and a correspondinglv shaped plug or an-- chorage 36 is. applied thereto and secured therein by means of a .ransverse screw 37 whose head 38 with an interposed washer 39 is led into a countersink 40 in the o po- Alon itu inal socket is formed in the outer end 0 the con ducting plu 36, in which is secured ably by sol er, the'end of the fiexib e conducting lead 6"-. As will be readily observed, afterthe body of the brush-block has become worn by long continued use sufficiently to require its disuse, the metallic portions of'the brush as represented in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive, which are subjected to wear, may be readilydetached therefrom, by straightening oneend of the locking wire 11 and withdrawing the same to permit the removal of the fastening and conducting screws 7 whereby the anchoringplug 3 and cap-plate4 may be readily detached for a hcation .to a new brush-block similary drilled for introduction of the members 3 and 7. This disconnection of the arts also affords a means of renewing the insulating block 15, should occasion require.

In the forms of the improvement represented in Figs. 5 and 6, the withdrawal of.

the screws 7 for detachment of the parts thus connected may be effected with equal facility, by merely inserting a suitable tool to press the expanded ends of the screws away. In case t e expansion of the same to lock from turning has been slight,jthe spread extremity may be sufiiciently compressed for the pur ose by merely forcibly) turning the screws ibr their withdrawal y a suitable im lement.

s will be evident by reference to Figs.

(and 8, the form of the im rovement there in represented may be rea 1ly dismembered by the mere withdrawal of the screw 37,

which is not'shown provided with looking means although adapted to be formed like a countersink would figures in which case e rovi'ded in the flat face of the conducting p u 36 in order that the metallic parts should e flush with the those of the precedin flat side of the brush-block.

One of the essential featuresof the present improvement is the provision in the body of the brush-block of a metallic anchorage of high conducting power, such as prefer plate and the anchorage interposed portion of a flexible conducting lead attached to said copper, between which and the adjacent end of the conducting lead is interposed the metallic connection composed of members of hi h conductivity, together with means where'ysaid anchorage is detachabl secured within its cavity in the brushlock so that it may be a plied interchangeably to different brush-b ocks in succession as .they become worn in operation.

As herein shown and described, the present improvement is capable of embodiment in many forms all of which have their advantages under certain conditions, and it is to be understood that the im rovement is not therefore limited to any 0 the several embodiments herein shown and'described,

provided inits body portion with a transversely disposed seat, of an anchorage of hi h conductivity embedded within the same ad acent said seat, clamping means acting transversely of said seat for removably securing said anchorage upon and in electrical contact with said seat, a flexible conducting lead, andta connection intermediate the lead and said anchorage.

3. The combination with a brush-block for dynamo-electric machines, of an anchorage of high conductivity embedded within the same, a metallic ca -plate applied to the "exterior of said brushlock and embracing between itself and the latter a portion of the body of said brush-block, conducting fastening means extending between said capand adapted to clamp both of said parts firmly upon the the brush-block, and

cap-plate.

4. The combination with a brush-block for dynamo electric machines, of an anchorage of high conductivity embedded within and disposed transversely of the same, a metallic cap-plate, applied to the exterior of said brush-block, a metallic screw arranged lengthwise of said brush-block for detachably securing together said cap-plate and the embedded anchorage, and a flexible conducting lead attached to said capl-plate.

5. The combination with a brus -block for dynamo electric machines, ofa'metallic anchorage of high conductivity. embedded through the mtervenin attached to said cap-plate.

6. The combination with a brush-block j, for dynamo electric machines, of an anchorage of high conductivity embedded within v in and disposed transversely of the body of the same, a metallic cap-plate applied to the exterior of said brush-block parallel with said anchorage, spaced metallic screws arranged lengthwise of said brush-block for connecting said cap-plate with the anchora e portion of t e brush-block, and a flexib e conducting lead the same transversely of its length, a metallic cap-plate applied to the exterior of said brush-block, a metallic screw provided with locking means to prevent loosening and adapted to secure together said cap-plate and the embedded anchorage, and a exible conducting'lead attached to said ca late.

7. The combination with a brush lock.

for dynamo electric machines, of an anchorage of high conductivity embedded within the same, a metallic cap-plate applied to. the exterior of said brush-block, a metallic screw having a split and expanded threaded end and adapted to secure to ether said ca plate and the embedded anc orage, and aexible conducting lead attached to said cap-plate.

8. The combination with a brush-block for dynamo electric machines formed with a transverse cavity, of an anchorage of smaller cross-section than said cavity disposed within the latter, a metallic caplate applied to the exterior ofsaidbrush-b ock, a metallic. screw having a split threaded end passing through said cap-plate and anchorage and expanded beyond the latter within said cavity, and a. flexible conducting lead attached to said cap-plate.

9. The combination with a brush-block for dynamo electric machines, of an anchorage of high conductivity embedded, within the same, a metallic cap-plate applied to the exterior of said brush-block and formed with a tongue bent over upon the same to form a socket, a flexible conducting lead having an end secured within said socket and the cap-plate, and conducting fastening means for securing said cap-plate to the embedded anchorage. I

10. The combination with a "brush-block -for dynamo-electric machines, of an anchorj age of, high conductivity embedded within the same, a metallic ca -plate applied to the exterior of said brus block and formed with a tongue bent over upon thesame to form a socket, a flexible conducting lead having an end secured within said socket and the-- caplate, and metallic screws 1nsertedrespectively through the body of said -cap-plate and the lead-end soc et formed therein and tapped into said em ded 'anchoragefor securing. the same together-and clamping the end of'the lead wltlim its socket.

11. The combination with a brush-block for dynamo-electric machines, of an anchor age of high conductivity embedded within the same, a cap-plate of conducting material secured upon the brush-block and having a metallic connection vwith said anchorage, a flexible lead secured to said cap-plate, and an insulating blocksecured upon said brush block adjacent the lead by means of said cap-plate and adapted to receive the thrust of the pressure-spring of a brush-holder.-

12. The combination with a brush-block for dynamo electric machines, of an anchorage of high conductivity embedded within the same, a metallic caplate applied to the exterior of said brushlock and provided with an aperture, a flexible lead attached to said cap-plate, an insulating block having its base seated upon said brush-block and a reduced portion passing through the aperture in said cap-plate, and conducting fastening means for securing said cap-plate to the embedded anchorage.

13. The combination with a brush-block for dynamo electric machines, of an anchorage of high conductivity embedded within the same, a metallic cap-plate applied to the exterior of said brush-block and provided with an aperture with conver ently inclined lips, a flexible lead attache, to said capplate, an insulating blocku having its base seated upon said brush-block and a reduced portion passing through the a erture in said caplate and fitted to said inc ined lips, and con uctin fastening .means for securing said cap-p ate to the embedded anchorage.

14. The combination with a brush-holder comprising an open-ended socket and a pres-- sure spring having its operative extremity arranged adjacent to and in alinement with said socket, of a brush-block slidingly fitted to said socket, a flexible lead having one end connected with the brush-block and the other end connected with the brush-holder, and an insulated contact piece interposed between the operative portionof said spring and the brush-block.

15. Thecombination with a brush-holder comprising an'open-ended socket and a pres sure spring having its operative extremit arranged adjacent to and in alinement wit said socket, of a; brush-block slidingly. fitted to saidsocket', a flexible lead havin one end connected with-the brush-block an the other end connected with the brush-holder, and an insulated contact piece carried' by-said .brush-block and affording a bearing thereon for the operative portion of said sprin In testimony whereof, I have sign my name to this specifieation, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY L. ZABRISKIE.

Witiaessesr-F J osErH xqmrn, Hmmr J. Mmma.

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