US97224A - Improved construction of railways - Google Patents

Description

thiittd' tatt @wwf @hitte Letters Patent N 97,224, dated November 23, 1869.

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IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAYS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making peutl o! the same4 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. PHILLIPS, of the cit-y of Washington, county of ivashington, and District of Goluinbia, have invented a new and improved Mode of Constructing a Railroad or lerinanent Way; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters ot reteretico marked thereon, in which- Fgure l is a perspective view ot' a sect-ion of the saine, constructed in the niannerhereinatter described.

Figures 2 and 3 are transverse vertical sections' through the centre ot' the chairs, showing the adaptability of the chair to either the. T or ordinary flanged rail.

h 1re 1 1 represents the inode of bolting either forin oi' rail to the chair onA separate sides of thc track, dispensing with the continuous tie ll. 4 vFigure 5 is a' longitudinal vertical section through ear aand chair A.

In the construction of railways, the use'ot' wooden ties or sleepers, must shortly, in the natural course ot' events, be abandoned'ir want of material to supply the demand, and in many countries, and even certain sections ot' the United States, at the present time, the desired quality can only be obtained by transporting it sncli a distance as to render its costnearly it' not quite equal to that ot' other material, such as iron and stone, which is often to be found where thnber is niost scarce, and which, though niore cost-ly in most localities at present, would, even in such localities, beftbund niosteconomical in the long run, ou account of its perinaiiency and durability.

`ll)itiiculties have, however, been heretofore experienced in the use oi" such uiaterials: tirst, in securing the rail to the stone, on account ot1 the continual jar upon the rail, tendingl to draw the spikes; and secondly, ou account of thc unyielding nature of the niaterial, when solidly bedded, beingr injurious to therolling stock, it having been satisfactorily demonstrated that a certain aniount ot' iiexibilit-y in the road is necessary to its durability, and also to that ot' the rolling stock employed thereon.

My present invention consists in a novel construction of the substructure of a railway, composed of' stone, concrete, or iron chairs, bound togi-ithcr by iron ties, and so fashioned as to support and hold the rails tirnily together and in place.

To enable others skilled in the art to inakc. and use niy invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A A are solid stone, concrete, or cast-iron concavoconvexy sills or chairs, ot' t'orin and size best adapted to give strength apd solidity to the substructure of the road. ln the present case, it will only be necessary to describe the application ot' iron chairs,fwhich have cast with and upon the outersurtace ot' the saine, twoprojections oi' ears, o and i, tbrniing a channel or fgroove, in which the rail rests.`

lhese projections inay be streiigtheued by ribs or braces, b b, and the chair itself may be likewise strengthened by other and additional ribs, extending i'roni its apex radially downward on its external surface, and thel pointoi greatest pressure at the centre ot' the chair, ina-y, iffound necessary, be similarly support-ed by tlie transverse rib'm, on the uinler side. ln the use ot' cast-ironchairs, as above described,V s utlii-ient elasticity may be secured to the rail, ti'oin the convex forni of the chair, thc niore especially. that while it tends constantly and tirinly to clutch and bcconie part of the bed ot' the road, itwill have the. elastic torce ofthe 1iecessarily-coinpressed.air between its inncr upper surface. and the bed beneath.

But to remedy anypossible deticiencyin the amount of' elasticity required, I propose the. pzickiug`7 of wood, rubber, or other suitab'hl material, in a cell, con struc-ted on the top of the choir i'or the purpose, and Secured iu'place beneath the rail by shoulders and in order to give elasticity ot' niotion to the rail, the perforan'von in the raily through which the tic d passes, should beslightly elongated vertically; and to insure an even bearing of the rail longitudinally, and preventtheI packing k ii'oin displacement, thc bottoni of the' cell should be curved concentrically with thc upper part ot' the. chair, and the packing corrcspiindingly shaped .on its under side, so as to be thicker :it-its twoendsthnn in the uiiddle. l

The outer ear u ofthe chair, and the corresponding pointot' the rail in the aforesaid groove. are pert'orated for the passage through the saine ot' the tie d.

This tie niay be wrought in one piece, with collars li hl :it suitable and equal distances apart, so that when in place, the respective collars niay coinc tlush with` or have an equal bearing against the inner side ofthe rails. i

A nut, -i, is then screwed upon the outer end ot' the tie, bearing,r rinly against the ear a. thus holdingthc rail and chair together, :ind it' need he, niay be scoured to its place h v a key passing through a slot in the outer-puliet-ting end oi' the tie` It will thus be seen that the. displacement oi' thc rail is impossible.

The sillv opposite inay he so constructed as to adniit the other end of the tic to drop into position through a dovetti.il-shapcd opening, i', and a dovctail key atterward inserted therein, and then bolted. ll' stone. or concrete chairs be employed, the strain upon the outer ear may bc readily resisted, by enlarging its dinicu- Sions.

Roads constructed on this plan, in'ay ilse either the T- shaped or the ordinary flanged rail.

In the lattt ry ease, the channel of the chair nmsc he adapted, in shape, to thel l'orm ofthe rail, but, I prefer the former, as represented in tig, 3.

.ln connection with the tlnnged rail, :1 form ol' tie, :La shown at I, may he used, in which ense, the rail and sill are bolted together on each sido of the traelt hwparntely, and not by the continuons tie. Il. Said tiel a consists o1' a broad metallic bar, with ita` ends so shaped :is to hook onthe. outer tlanges ot' the rail, and, by meant,l of clips bolted over the inner llanges, keeps the rails at :t nnii'orm distant-e amari'. :md :it the same time binds them together.

Where the rails join, the ears may be lQnliieiently enlarged to admit o'- a double tie.

A road thus constructed, will embrace, among others, the following advantages: The periodic renewal ol" wooden ties, and the use of Spikes and connectingelmirs will he avoided; the mil will be held firmly in plan-e with little il' any posibility ot' displacement, and additional seenrily to llt'e bo thus aorded, whilst the newssity ol' eonstant surveillancewith attending expenses, will bo almost entirel)1 dispensed with. Having tlms t'nlly described my invention, \\'l1:1t .l claim :is nvm and desire to Secure by Lelitors lnlvnl', i

The wrought-iron tie-bar d, in combination with thel rail, :md lwd-bloelt A, conalrnetod and arranglvd as and t'or the lnlrposo speeilivd.

J. ll. PHILLIPS.y \\'itm fsses:

(liao. C. Lmtnton'r, W. S. Mollier.

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