US9704746B1 - Advanced self-aligned patterning process with sit spacer as a final dielectric etch hardmask - Google Patents
Advanced self-aligned patterning process with sit spacer as a final dielectric etch hardmask Download PDFInfo
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- US9704746B1 US9704746B1 US15/235,892 US201615235892A US9704746B1 US 9704746 B1 US9704746 B1 US 9704746B1 US 201615235892 A US201615235892 A US 201615235892A US 9704746 B1 US9704746 B1 US 9704746B1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 title description 7
- 102100034272 Sacsin Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 101710102928 Sacsin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006117 anti-reflective coating Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000681 Silicon-tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76897—Formation of self-aligned vias or contact plugs, i.e. involving a lithographically uncritical step
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/033—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers
- H01L21/0334—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane
- H01L21/0337—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising inorganic layers characterised by their size, orientation, disposition, behaviour, shape, in horizontal or vertical plane characterised by the process involved to create the mask, e.g. lift-off masks, sidewalls, or to modify the mask, e.g. pre-treatment, post-treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76802—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02518—Deposited layers
- H01L21/02521—Materials
- H01L21/02565—Oxide semiconducting materials not being Group 12/16 materials, e.g. ternary compounds
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02612—Formation types
- H01L21/02617—Deposition types
- H01L21/0262—Reduction or decomposition of gaseous compounds, e.g. CVD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
- H01L21/0274—Photolithographic processes
- H01L21/0276—Photolithographic processes using an anti-reflective coating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31105—Etching inorganic layers
- H01L21/31111—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means
- H01L21/31116—Etching inorganic layers by chemical means by dry-etching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3105—After-treatment
- H01L21/311—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means
- H01L21/31144—Etching the insulating layers by chemical or physical means using masks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76802—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing by forming openings in dielectrics
- H01L21/76816—Aspects relating to the layout of the pattern or to the size of vias or trenches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
- H01L21/76879—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material by selective deposition of conductive material in the vias, e.g. selective C.V.D. on semiconductor material, plating
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the manufacture of semiconductor devices, such as integrated circuits (ICs).
- ICs integrated circuits
- the present disclosure is particularly applicable to formation of a metallization layer in the fabrication of a semiconductor device, particularly for the 7 nanometer (nm) technology node and beyond.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional ASAP film stack.
- an ultra low-K (ULK) layer 103 is formed over an Nblock ( ⁇ Applied Materials) layer 101
- a self-aligned contact (SAC) silicon nitride (SiN) layer 105 is formed over the ULK layer 103 .
- SAC self-aligned contact
- SiN silicon nitride
- amorphous silicon (aSi) layer 111 amorphous silicon (aSi) layer 111 , a spin-on hardmask (SOH) layer 113 , a silicon oxynitride (SiON) layer 115 , a bottom antireflective coating (BARC) layer 117 , and a photoresist 119 are consecutively formed over the SiN layer 109 .
- the photoresist 119 is patterned, and mandrels are formed by reactive ion etching (RIE) the aSi layer 111 through the patterned photoresist.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- An aspect of the present disclosure is a method of forming a metallization layer including forming mandrels directly on the SAC SiN layer.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure is a method of forming a metallization layer including forming a conformal metal oxide as sidewall image transfer (SIT) spacers for final dielectric etch hardmask.
- SIT sidewall image transfer
- some technical effects may be achieved in part by a method including: forming a ULK layer; forming a SAC SiN layer over the ULK layer; forming mandrels directly on the SAC SiN layer; cutting the mandrels; selectively etching the SAC SiN layer across the cut mandrels, forming first trenches; filling the first trenches with a metal oxide; forming a conformal metal oxide layer over the cut mandrels, the metal oxide, and the SAC SiN layer; removing horizontal portions of the conformal metal oxide layer over the cut mandrels and the SAC SiN layer; removing the cut mandrels; removing exposed portions of the SAC SiN layer and etching the underlying ULK layer, forming second trenches; and stripping a remainder of the metal oxide, conformal metal oxide layer, and SAC SiN layer.
- Another aspect includes cutting the mandrels by: forming a SOH layer over the mandrels; forming a SiON layer over the SOH layer; forming a BARC layer over the SiON layer; forming and patterning a photoresist over the BARC layer; etching the BARC layer, the SiON layer, the SOH layer and the mandrels through the patterned photoresist by RIE; and removing the photoresist and a remainder the BARC layer, the SiON layer and the SOH layer.
- Further aspects include selectively etching the SAC SiN layer by a dry etch stopping on the ULK layer or a timed etch stopping part way through the SAC SiN layer.
- aspects include forming the conformal metal oxide layer by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Additional aspects include conformal metal oxide layer including titanium oxide (TiO x ). Another aspect includes removing horizontal portions of the conformal metal oxide layer by dry etch. Further aspects include removing exposed portions of the SAC SiN layer and etching the underlying ULK layer by RIE. Other aspects include forming the mandrels of aSi or amorphous carbon (aC). Additional aspects include filling the second trenches with metal. Another aspect includes forming the SAC SiN layer to a thickness of 5 nm to 20 nm.
- a further aspect of the present disclosure is a method including: forming an ULK layer; forming a SAC SiN layer to a thickness of 5 nm to 20 nm over the ULK layer; forming a mandrel layer over the SAC SiN layer; etching the mandrel layer, forming mandrels; forming a SOH layer over the mandrels; forming a SiON layer over the SOH layer; forming a BARC layer over the SiON layer; forming and patterning a photoresist over the BARC layer; cutting the mandrels by etching the BARC layer, the SiON layer, the SOH layer and the mandrels through the patterned photoresist by RIE; removing the photoresist, the BARC layer, the SiON layer and the SOH layer; selectively etching the SAC SiN layer by dry etch stopping on the ULK or by a timed etch stopping part way through the SAC SiN layer, forming first trenches
- aspects include selectively etching the SAC SiN layer perpendicular to and crossing the cut mandrels.
- Other aspects include forming the conformal metal oxide layer by ALD.
- a further aspect includes the conformal metal oxide layer including TiO x .
- Another aspect includes removing horizontal portions of the conformal metal oxide layer by dry etch.
- Other aspects include removing exposed portions of the SAC SiN layer and etching the underlying ULK layer by RIE.
- a further aspect includes forming the mandrels of aSi or aC. Another aspect includes filling the second trenches with metal.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure is a method including: forming an ULK layer; forming a SAC SiN layer to a thickness of 5 nm to 20 nm over the ULK layer; forming aSi or aC mandrels over the SAC SiN layer; forming a SOH layer over the mandrels; forming a SiON layer over the SOH layer; forming a BARC layer over the SiON layer; forming and patterning a photoresist over the BARC layer; cutting the mandrels by etching the BARC layer, the SiON layer, the SOH layer and the mandrels through the patterned photoresist by RIE; removing the photoresist, the BARC layer, the SiON layer and the SOH layer; selectively etching the SAC SiN layer perpendicular to and crossing the cut mandrels by dry etch stopping on the ULK or by a timed etch stopping part way through the SAC SiN layer, forming first trenche
- FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional ASAP film stack, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment
- FIGS. 2A through 2I schematically illustrate sequential steps of a ASAP method, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
- the present disclosure addresses and solves the current problem of extra layers and corresponding process steps of layer formation attendant upon performing a conventional ASAP process.
- mandrels are formed directly on an SAC SiN layer and a conformal metal oxide layer is used as a final dielectrics etch HM, thereby eliminating the need for a TiN HM and a SiN memorization layer.
- Methodology in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure includes forming an ULK layer and a SAC SiN layer over the ULK layer. Then, mandrels are formed directly on the SAC SiN layer. Next, the mandrels are cut. Then, the SAC SiN layer is selectively etched across the cut mandrels. Next, first trenches are formed and are filled with a metal oxide. Subsequently, a conformal metal oxide layer is formed over the cut mandrels, the metal oxide, and the SAC SiN layer. Then, horizontal portions of the conformal metal oxide layer over the cut mandrels and the SAC SiN layer are removed. Next, the cut mandrels are removed. After that, the exposed portions of the SAC SiN layer are removed, and the underlying ULK layer is etched, thereby forming second trenches. Then, a remainder of the metal oxide, conformal metal oxide layer, and SAC SiN layer are stripped.
- FIGS. 2A through 2I schematically illustrate sequential steps of a ASAP method, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
- an ULK layer 203 is formed, for example to a thickness of 30 nm to 60 nm, over an Nblock layer 201 having a thickness of 10 nm to 20 nm.
- a SAC SiN layer 205 is formed, e.g. to a thickness of 5 nm to 20 nm over the ULK layer 203 .
- mandrels 207 are formed directly on the SAC SiN layer 205 .
- the mandrels are formed by depositing, for example, aSi or aC by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to a thickness of 40 nm to 80 nm, patterning a lithographic mask over the aSi or aC, and performing RIE.
- PECVD plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
- the mandrels 207 are formed of aSi or aC.
- a SOH layer 209 is formed, e.g. to a thickness of 60 nm to 100 nm
- a SiON layer 211 is formed, e.g. to a thickness of 15 nm to 30 nm
- a BARC layer 213 is formed, e.g. to a thickness of 15 nm to 30 nm, sequentially over the mandrels 207 .
- a photoresist 215 is formed, for example to a thickness of 60 nm to 100 nm, over the BARC layer 213 and is patterned, forming a cut mask for the mandrels.
- the BARC layer 213 , the SiON layer 211 , the SOH layer 209 and the mandrels 207 are etched through the patterned photoresist 215 by RIE (not shown for illustrative convenience), stopping on the SAC SiN layer 205 . Then, the patterned photoresist 215 is removed. Next, the remainder of the BARC layer 213 , the SiON layer 211 and the SOH layer 209 are removed. Accordingly, cut mandrels 217 are formed over the SAC SiN layer 205 .
- FIG. 2C is a top view of the cut mandrels 217 over the SAC SiN layer 205 .
- trenches 219 are formed by selectively etching the SAC SiN layer 205 across the cut mandrels 217 .
- the SAC SiN layer 205 is selectively etched by a dry etch, stopping on the ULK layer 203 , or by a timed etch, stopping part way through the SAC SiN layer 205 .
- the width of the trenches 219 is design rule dependent, but must be less than double the thickness of the subsequently formed spacers 225 (shown in FIG. 2F ).
- the trenches 219 are filled with metal oxide 221 .
- a conformal metal oxide layer 223 is formed over the cut mandrels 217 , the metal oxide 221 , and the SAC SiN layer 205 by atomic layer deposition (ALD).
- the conformal metal oxide layer 223 may for example be formed of TiO x .
- the thickness of the conformal metal oxide layer 223 may be approximately 20 nm, but is design rule dependent.
- the horizontal portions of the conformal metal oxide layer 223 over the cut mandrels 217 and the SAC SiN layer 205 are removed by dry etch revealing the cut mandrels 217 .
- the cut mandrels 217 are removed by a dry etch.
- vertical portions of the conformal metal oxide layer 225 , or spacers 225 remain over the SAC SiN layer 205 and the metal oxide 221 .
- the exposed portions of the SAC SiN layer 205 are removed by RIE using the metal oxide spacers 225 as a mask. Then, the underlying ULK layer 203 is etched forming trenches 229 .
- the metal oxide 221 and the remainder of the spacers 225 are stripped. Then, in FIG. 2I , the remainder SAC SiN layer 205 is stripped. Thereafter, the trenches 229 are filled with metal forming a metallization layer.
- the embodiments of the present disclosure can achieve several technical effects, such as reducing the number of layers and the process steps of layer formation during an ASAP process.
- Devices formed in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure enjoy utility in various industrial applications, e.g., microprocessors, smart phones, mobile phones, cellular handsets, set-top boxes, DVD recorders and players, automotive navigation, printers and peripherals, networking and telecom equipment, gaming systems, and digital cameras.
- the present disclosure therefore enjoys industrial applicability in any of various types of highly integrated semiconductor devices, particularly for the 7 nm technology node and beyond.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20180247862A1 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-30 | Imec Vzw | Method for Defining Patterns for Conductive Paths in Dielectric Layer |
US11152213B2 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2021-10-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Transistor device with ultra low-k self aligned contact cap and ultra low-k spacer |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7052621B2 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2006-05-30 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Bilayered metal hardmasks for use in Dual Damascene etch schemes |
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Patent Citations (1)
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US7052621B2 (en) * | 2003-06-13 | 2006-05-30 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Bilayered metal hardmasks for use in Dual Damascene etch schemes |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180247862A1 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-30 | Imec Vzw | Method for Defining Patterns for Conductive Paths in Dielectric Layer |
US10651076B2 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2020-05-12 | Imec Vzw | Method for defining patterns for conductive paths in dielectric layer |
US11152213B2 (en) | 2019-03-01 | 2021-10-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Transistor device with ultra low-k self aligned contact cap and ultra low-k spacer |
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