US969907A - Method of recovering ammonia from coal-gases and the like. - Google Patents
Method of recovering ammonia from coal-gases and the like. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US969907A US969907A US55640210A US1910556402A US969907A US 969907 A US969907 A US 969907A US 55640210 A US55640210 A US 55640210A US 1910556402 A US1910556402 A US 1910556402A US 969907 A US969907 A US 969907A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gases
- ammonia
- coal
- vapors
- recovering ammonia
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title description 27
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241001133287 Artocarpus hirsutus Species 0.000 description 1
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N Atorvastatin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940095054 ammoniac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/24—Sulfates of ammonium
- C01C1/245—Preparation from compounds containing nitrogen and sulfur
- C01C1/246—Preparation from compounds containing nitrogen and sulfur from sulfur-containing ammonium compounds
- C01C1/247—Preparation from compounds containing nitrogen and sulfur from sulfur-containing ammonium compounds by oxidation with free oxygen
Definitions
- One of the objects of this invention is to recover ammonia from gases as a salt, preferably sulfate, by means of a smaller and more economical installation than in the prior processes previously known, and without the troublesome reheating of the gases of carbonization which, if thesegases are subsequently treated for the extraction of benzol require to be cooled afterward; further, to prevent the contamination of the marketable ammonium salt by tar and the like, and the contamination of the gases of carbonization, from which thetar and-ammonia have been separated, by obnoxious gaseous ingredients, which render these gases inapplicable for illuminating or power purposes, and lower their calorific value unless purified by expensive processes.
- a further object is to'greatly reduce the amount of obnoxious. efiiuent produced, and finally, toeflect economies by using hot air, hot .products of combustion, or other hot neutral gases, which do not permanently combine with ammonia, in place of steam, in
- the condensed ammonical liquor from tank 3 is delivered, by means of pump 8, through pipe 9 into ammonia still 10, an alkali, such as lime, being also introduced, and into which still, the blower 11 forces, through pipe 12 and superheater 15, a current of hot air, hot products of combustion, or any other hot neutral gases which do not permanently combine with ammonia.
- the ammonia thus liberated passes through pipe 13 and superheater' 15 into saturator 7.
- the saturator 7 is divided into two compartments by means of the diaphragm 16,
- the method of recovering ammonium salts from gases of carboniza'tion which comprises cooling the gases to separate-there from the tarry matters and condensing the aqueous vapor containing most of the com: bined aini'noniacal products and a ortion of the free ammonia, distilling said amnioniacal condensate, simultaneously introducing said gases and the vapors of distillation independently into a single acid solution of ammonium salts, and separately leading oil? the gases of carhonization and the noxious gaseous COIHPOHQlltS of the vapors of distillation emerging from said solution.
- the method of recovering ammonium salts from gases of carbonization which comprises cooling the gases to separate therefrom an ammoniacal condensate comprising the tarry matters and condensingthe aqueous vapor containing most of the fixed ammoniacal compounds and a portion of the volatile ammoniacal compounds, introducing hot neutral gases which do not p -:rmanentl.y
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Description
J. A. ROELOFSEN. METHOD OF RECOVERING AMMONIA PROM COAL GASES AND THE LIKE. APPLICATION FILED APR. 19,1910.
969,907. Patented Sept.13,1910.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
JAN ADOLF ROELOFSEN, or MIDDLESBBOUGH, E GLAND, ASSIG-NOR TO THE Aorist:- GESELLSCHAFT rune KOHLENDESTILLATION, OF DUSSELDORF, GERMANY, A con- PORATION 0F GERMANY.
METHOD OF RECOVE'RING- AMMONIA FROM GOAL-GAQsES AND LIKE.
Specification 01' Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 13, 1910.
Application filed April 19, 1910.
Serial No. 556,402.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that 1, JAN AooLr RoELor- SEN, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Southcote, lambridge Road, Middlesbrough, in the county of York, Eng1and,ha.ve invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Recovering Ammonia from Coal-Gases and the Like, of which the following is a specification.
One of the objects of this invention is to recover ammonia from gases as a salt, preferably sulfate, by means of a smaller and more economical installation than in the prior processes previously known, and without the troublesome reheating of the gases of carbonization which, if thesegases are subsequently treated for the extraction of benzol require to be cooled afterward; further, to prevent the contamination of the marketable ammonium salt by tar and the like, and the contamination of the gases of carbonization, from which thetar and-ammonia have been separated, by obnoxious gaseous ingredients, which render these gases inapplicable for illuminating or power purposes, and lower their calorific value unless purified by expensive processes.
.A further object is to'greatly reduce the amount of obnoxious. efiiuent produced, and finally, toeflect economies by using hot air, hot .products of combustion, or other hot neutral gases, which do not permanently combine with ammonia, in place of steam, in
the operation of the ammonia still,--and to maintain the concentration of the acid solu- -tion of the ammonium salts by superheating the vapors obtained fromthe ammonia still before they enter the acid solution.
aqueous vapor containing most of the ammoniac'al and other fixed salts, as well as some free ammonia; these oily and aqueous condensates are collected and separated by gravity in tank 3. The gases of carbonization, after hf1 g thus been cooled, pass through a gas-blower 1 and a Plouze tarextractor 5, which separates the residual tarry vapor, and without being reheated, are conducted through pipe 6 into a leadlined saturator 7 J The condensed ammonical liquor from tank 3 is delivered, by means of pump 8, through pipe 9 into ammonia still 10, an alkali, such as lime, being also introduced, and into which still, the blower 11 forces, through pipe 12 and superheater 15, a current of hot air, hot products of combustion, or any other hot neutral gases which do not permanently combine with ammonia. The ammonia thus liberated passes through pipe 13 and superheater' 15 into saturator 7.
The saturator 7 is divided into two compartments by means of the diaphragm 16,
which dips into the acid solution of ammonium salts contained in the saturator 7 The gases of carbonization enter into one of these compartments through the perforated end of pipe 6, pass up through the acid solu-- tion, and leave the-saturator, after having thus been. freed from residual ammonia, by
-means of pipe l7. 'T'he vapors from the ammonia still 10, enter the other compartment of the saturator 7, through the perforated end of pipe 13. The contained ammonia is thereby absorbed, while the aqueous vapor and noxious gases which may contain hydrogen sulfid and other gaseous sulfur compounds, hydrocyanic-acid, carbonic acid and traces of hydrochloric acid, pass out of the satur'ator through pipe 18; the effect of the superheating of the vapors coming from the ammonia still 10 being to prevent condensation of water in the saturator 7 and thereby a lowering of the concentration of the acid solution which would revent the ammonium: salt from separating 1n the solid dpreferably am in forms the subject-matter of my copen ding a plication, Serial-No. 556,401. Icaim:- 1-
1. The method of recovering ammonium salts from gases of carboniza'tion, which comprises cooling the gases to separate-there from the tarry matters and condensing the aqueous vapor containing most of the com: bined aini'noniacal products and a ortion of the free ammonia, distilling said amnioniacal condensate, simultaneously introducing said gases and the vapors of distillation independently into a single acid solution of ammonium salts, and separately leading oil? the gases of carhonization and the noxious gaseous COIHPOHQlltS of the vapors of distillation emerging from said solution.
2. The method of weovering anunonium salts from gases of carl'ionimtion, which coup prises cooling the gases to separate therefrom the tarry matters and condensing the aqueous vapor containing most of the fixed aniinoniacal compoui'nls and a portion of the volatile ammoniacal compounds, introducing hot neutral gases which do not permanently combine with an'nnonia, into a mixture of the aminoniacal condensate obtained in the cooling of the gases, with an alkali, i 'or the purpose of liberating the ammonia there-- from, and conducting the resulting ammoniacal gas mixture to a saturation bath.
3. The method of recovering ammonium salts from gases of carbonization, which comprises cooling the gases to separate therefrom an ammoniacal condensate comprising the tarry matters and condensingthe aqueous vapor containing most of the fixed ammoniacal compounds and a portion of the volatile ammoniacal compounds, introducing hot neutral gases which do not p -:rmanentl.y
combine with ammonia, into a mixture of said ammoniacal condensate with an alkali, for the purpose of liberating the ammonia therefrom, simultaneously introducing said. gases and the vapors of distillation independently into a single acid solution of an1 monium salts, and separately leading off the gases of caihonination and the noxious gaseous .:omponents of the vapors of dis tillatioi'i emerging from said solution.
4-. The method of recovering ammonium salts from gases which comprises the superheating of the vapors obtained from the distillation of ammoniacal condensate by indirect application of heat from hot neutral gases, and conduotin g the superheated vapors thus formed into an acid solution of ammonium saits for'the purpose of preventing condensation of said vapors and. maintaining the coi'icentratioir of said acid solution so that solid amntionium salts will separate therefrom.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature in'presence of two witnesses JAN ADOLF R0 ELOFSENI \Vitnesses Row. G. REYNOLDS, EUGENE G BRoWN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US55640210A US969907A (en) | 1910-04-19 | 1910-04-19 | Method of recovering ammonia from coal-gases and the like. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US55640210A US969907A (en) | 1910-04-19 | 1910-04-19 | Method of recovering ammonia from coal-gases and the like. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US969907A true US969907A (en) | 1910-09-13 |
Family
ID=3038297
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US55640210A Expired - Lifetime US969907A (en) | 1910-04-19 | 1910-04-19 | Method of recovering ammonia from coal-gases and the like. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US969907A (en) |
-
1910
- 1910-04-19 US US55640210A patent/US969907A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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