US967794A - Sensitive safety-lithoprint and process. - Google Patents

Description

H. W. P. LORENZ. SENSITIVE SAFETY LITHOPBINT AND rnocnss. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 21, 1909.

'967,794:. Patented Aug. 16, 1910.

Invader:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY W. F. LORENZ, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.-

SENSITIVE SAFETY-LITHOPRINT AND PROCESS. 4

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 16, 1910.

Application filed December 21, 1909; Serial N 0. 534,388.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY W. F. Lonnnz, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Sensitive Safety-Lithoprint and Process, of which the following is. a clear, full, and exact description.

the past been made by using as the vehicle in the ink slow dryin oils in lace of the ordinarily employed drying oi s. The result has been unsatisfactory. The oils envelop the sensitive color particles and prevent them, even in the most favorable cases, from being sensitive to any but bleaching solutions; eventually, when the oils have dried, all sensitiveness is lost. However, owing to the peculiarity-0f the litho printing process requiring an oily or greasy ink repellent to water, an oily or greasy vehicle for the litho ink cannot be dispensed with. But true sensitive safety litho=prints must be free from greasy substances.

The object of my invention is a sensitive safety litho print devoid of oil or grease,

- so as to be truly sensitive to the chemical reagents ordinarily employed in removing writing inkand having the sensitive colorifng matter fixed firmly upon the paper sur ace.

In carrying out my invention I, ordinarily, may divide my processinto four steps, viz.: (1) preparation of the special ink, (2) printing therewith from the ordinary litho stone, or from zinc, aluminium, etc, (3) steaming said print, and (4) removal of the vehicle from the ink on the print (grease or oil varnish), and drying the print.

Reference is to be had to the accom anying drawings which form a part 0t this specification.

Figure 1 represents a check, which is formed according to my invention, being printed with my special litho-ink. 1

Fig. 2 shows a sim le form of closed receptacle, or steaming 0x, into which steam sensitive lithoprints have in I enters at (C) and passes out at (B). (A

represents a removable glass door throng to steam vapor.

' Fig. 3 shows a simple formof dishcontaining a suitable solvent (E) in which is immersed the check This lattertreatwhich is seen the check (D) being subjected I I ment is for removing the vehicle from the ink on the rint (grease or varnish). Subsequently t e print is returned, for drying (removing the solvent) to the steaming box as shown in Fig. 1, or dried in the air.

Whenever varnish is mentioned in this specification ap licant has in mind a litho varnish, prefera 1y one possessing non-drying properties, or very slow drying ones, for instance, such as can e made by blowing nonor slow-drying vegetable oils.

Examplesof slow drying oils are cotton seed oil, rape seed oil; very slow drying or non-drying oils, castor oil, olive oil.

In preparing the special litho ink, I incorporate the chemically sensitive coloring matter in a solution of a coagulable substance such as, for instance, albumen, casein, gelatin or similar working substances, coagulate these, by heat or chemically, and then thoroughly grind the resultant mass in an ink mill with a large percentage of a non-drying oily or greasy varnish.

In place of the coagulable substances I may employ gelatinous bodies such as gelati'n,agar agar, gum trigura, tragacanth and the like, incorporating the sensitive coloring matters with these, permitting the same to gelatinize by cooling, or otherwise, and then grinding the resultant mass, as described, with varnish.

The ink thus prepared is printed with in the ordinary way, from a stone or from zinc or aluminium, the resultant print is preferably steamed (which steaming process should be carried out as soon as possible after the print has been made) and, finally, the print 1s washed with, or immersed in, a suitable solvent for the oily ink vehicle and dried to freeit from said solvent. The finished rint, freed from all oil or grease, will be ound to be extremely sensitive to chemical reagents. Suitable solvents are, petroleum ether or gasolene, ordinary ether, benzene, carbon tetrachlorid, carbon bisulfid, etc.

A few examples will illustrate different modifications of my process.

The varnish employed must not be driable when the print is subjected to steam vapor, otherwise the dried part of the vehicle could be extracted from the print only with difiiculty, if at all.

Another point to be noted is that the gelatinized, or coagulated mass containing the coloring matter must not contain too much moisture, nor must the same 'form too large a part of the litho ink. If this is the case, the ink will not take properly on the stone, or metal, I have found that the best working ratio of gelatinous or coagulated mass,

. containing'the coloring matter sensitive to added; Let the mass dry uniformly .until ture. and add four the moisture contenteqnals about 32 per cent. Now take about one part of the above mixarts of varnish. Grind thoroughly in an ink mill and print with the resultant ink. Steam the print and immediately immerse. it in petroleum ether. Let the print dry. Reactlons of the litho print: solutions'of oxalic acid, gray-black;

alkalies, redder; bleaching powder, bleached.

(2) Dissolve 4 parts of gelatin in 6- parts of water. Add 2 parts of cotton red 4 B lake (C H N O b Ba). Now add enough formaldehyde to coa ulate the mass.'

Permit the latter to dry uni rmly until the moisture content equals about 31 per cent. Now take-one part of the mixture and add five parts varnlsh. Proceed as above mentioned., Reactionsv of litho print, same as i i ii' h 111 4 t f .3 1 est t roug y pars 0 egg albumen J..%Vlth 6 arts of water.- 'Add- 2 parts of cosmos red (Badische). Coagulate the mass by heating on a water bath." Let the coagulum dry uniformly until the moisture in the same equals-33 er cent. Now take onepart of the coagu um and add 6 parts "of varnish. Grind thoroughly in an 1nk.-mill and print with the resultant ink. Steam the print and immerse it in ordinary ether. Let. the ether taken up by the paper evaporate. Reactions of the litho solutions of oxalic acid, blue; .alkalies, redder; bleaching -po'wder,-bleached.

(4) Digest on a water bath l partzof agar agar with10 parts of water. Heat for some time.until a uniform mixtureis obtained, re lacing the water that 'evapo-. rates b ad ingmore' water from time to time. t cool and permit the mass to elatinize; To prepare the litho ink procee' as follows: takeof the agar agar jelly 10 parts and heat on a water bath until the vehicle in the finished print.)

print:

mass melts. Now add 2.5 parts of Congo red lake (0,,H,. .N,O,S. .Ba) containing about 10 er cent. of moisture, mixing thor oughly. let the mass cool to gelatinize; then partially dr the same until the moisture content e ua s about 38 per cent. Now take a art 0 the above, semi-dried, mixture an' add five parts of varnish. Grind thoroughly in an ink mill and print with the resultant ink lit-hogra hically. -Steam the print (steaming is not a ways necessary) and dissolve out the varnish of the print with a solvent. oxalic acid, blue; alkalies, red, soluble; bleaching powder, bleached.

(5) Treat 5 parts of gum tragacanth with 40 parts of water. Digest on a water bath for at least 48 hours. 10 parts of Congo red are now added. Permit the mass'to dry until the moisture present equals about 25 per cent. Take one part of the same and add "four parts of varnish. Grind thoroughly in an ink mill and rint with the resulting ink. Steam the print made with this ink, ang dissolve out the vehicle as above descri ed. Finally, the print can be washed with water, the elatinous gum being thus removed; the cclor being fixed on the paper.

Instead of proceeding as above described, I may also carry out my invention of making a chemically sensitive litho print as follows: (It will be noted that in all cases I print with an ink containing an oily or greasy vehicle and then get rid of this I may mix the chemically sensitive coloring matter (or coloring matter previousl incorporated with a gelatinous or coagu able substance) witha volatile oily vehicle, print therewith Reactions: solutions of and subject-the resultant print to heat, or

steam vapor. or, I may employ a semivolat ile vehicle in which the non-volatile part of the vehicle must be removed with a solvent, as above described.

Examples are here appended ink with volatile wehz'ole.Take as the vehicle, for instance, 7 parts cedar wood oil and dissolve in it 5 parts of camphor. With this vehicle mix. thoroughly 2' parts of Congo red lake. Printwith this ink and subject the print to heat,-or steam vapor.

ink with semz'wolatile vehicle.Take as the vehicle, for instance, 7 parts cedar wood oil and dissolve in it,5 parts of camphorfand 1 part of'varnishfor Venetian turpentine, then add 2 parts of Congo red. Print with this ink, subject the print to steam vapor, and extract the residual. part of the vehicle with a solvent. A It is evident that in'the litho inks' mentioned in this specification inert bases, such as blanc fixe, sublimed lead, etc., may be present. A

but more direct processes for makin sensitive typographical prints are available. Washing out the gelatinous substance from finished print is not strictly necessary.

I claim: I r

1. The process of making a sensitive safety litho print on paper for checks, letters of credit, bank notes, postage and revenue and trade stamps, bonds, stock certificates and the like security papers, which consists in incorporating a chemlcally sensitive coloring matter ina solution of a 'coagulable substance, coa ulating said substance, thoroughly rin ing the coagulated mass in an excess 0 an oily vehicle such as varnish, printin-g lithographically on paper *ith the resultant ink, steamin the prmt, and eliminating the oily vehicfia from the print by treatment with a solvent for the vehicle.

2. The process of making a sensitive litho print on paper for security papers, which consists in incorporating a chenncally sensitive coloring matter in a solution ofa gelatinous substance, gelatinizing said substance, thoroughly grinding the elatinous mass in an excess of an oily vehic e such as varnish, printing lithographically on paper with the resultant ink, steaming the print, and elimi-- nating the oily vehicle from the print by treatment with a solvent for said vehicle.

3. The process of making a sensitive litho safety prlnt on paper for security papers, which consists in incorporating a chemically sensitive coloring matterin a coagulable substance, coagulating said substance, thoroughly grinding. the coagulated mass in an oily vehicle such as'varnish, printing therewith on paper, steaming the print, and eliminating the oily vehicle from the print by treatment with a solvent for said vehicle, and drying the print.

4. The process of making a sensitive safety litho print on paper forsecurity apers, which consists 1n incorporating a c emically sensitive coloring matter in a gelatinous substance, coagulating said substance, thoroughly grinding the gelatinous mass in ,an olly vehicle such as varnish, printing therewith on paper, steaming the print, and eliminating the oily vehicle from the print by treatment with a solvent forsa'id vehicle, and drying the print.

The process of making a sensitive safety litho print on paper for security apers, which consists in incorporating a c emically sensitive coloring matter in an aqueous medium, thoroughly emulsifying this with an oily medium, printing therewith and eliminating the oily medium from the print.

6. The process of making a sensitive safety litho print on paper for security papers, which consists in taking a chemically sensitive coloring matter and incorporating it in a volatile vehicle, printing therewith lithotherewith and eliminating both ra hicall on a er and steamin the rint is o di'ive 0% said r olatile vehicle a nd fii: the coloring matter on the pape 7. The process of making a sensitive safety litho print on paper for security papers, which consists in taking a chemically sensitive coloring matter and incorporating it in- I fixed on the paper surface.

9. The process of making a sensitive safety print lithographically on paper for security papers, which consists in taking a water-' soluble medium containing a chemically sensitive coloring matter and emulsifying it thorou hly with an oily medium, printing therewith and elimina ing the oily medium from the print.

10. The process of making a sensitive safety litho print on paper for security papers, whichconsists 1n incorporating a chemically sensitive colorin matter in a gelatlnous substance, gelatimzing said substance, thoroughly grlnding the gelatinous -mass in varnish, printing therewith on paper, and eliminating the oily vehicle from the print by treatment with a solvent for said vehicle, and drying the print.

-11. As a new article ofmanufacture, a chemically sensitive safety litho print devoid of vehicle.

12. A chemically sensitive safety litho print from which the oily and reasy vehicle has been removed by evaporation.

13. A chemically sensitive safety litho print from which the oily and greasy vehicle has been removed by asolvent.

14. A chemicall sensitive safety litho print having the chemically sensitive color, incorporated in a gelatinous mass, residually upon the paper.

15. A chemically sensitive safety litho print having the chemically sensitive color and gelatinous mass left residually upon the paper surface.

16. A chemically sensitive safety print on paper, made lithographically, having the sensitive color firmly attached to the paper surface.-

17. The process of making a sensitive safety litho print on paper for security papers, which consists in incorporating a chemically sensitive'coloring matter in an aqueous gelatinous medium, thoroughly mixing this, with an oily medium, printing aqueous apers,

18. The process of making a sensitive safety lit-ho print on. paper for security papers, which consists 1n incorporating a chemically sensitive coloring matterin an aqueous gelatinous medium, thoroughly mixprinting e ing this with an oily medium,

therewith,- steaming the print, and lminating the oily medium and aqueous gelatinous -medium, leaving the coloring matter fixed upon the paper surface.

In witness whereof I have subscribed my name to this specification in the presence of 15 two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY W. F. LORENZ.

Witnesses:

CHARLES MILLER, FRANK HACKETT.

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