US966588A

US966588A - Heating of turbine parts.

Info

Publication number: US966588A
Application number: US53981210A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles Algernon Parsons
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-01-24
Filing date: 1910-01-24
Publication date: 1910-08-09
Anticipated expiration: 1927-08-09

Description

o, A. PARSONS. HEATING OI TURBINE PARTS.

' APPLICATION FILED JAN.24, 1910. 966,58, Patented Aug. 9,1910.

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0 I J f Fig.1.

G. A PARSONS. HEATING OF TURBINE PARTS.

APPLICATION IILED JA1M4, 1910.

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JMM fjkrsaizi G. A. PARSONS. HEATING o1" TURBINE PARTS.

APPLICATION FILED JAH.24, 1910. 966,588 Patented Aug. 9, 1910 a Maryanne.

user AVAILABLE coPY t'iHAIRLE-S ALGERNON PARSONS, OF NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, ENGLAND.

HEATING OF TURBINE PARTS.

ceases.

4 s ecmeauoii of Letters Patent.

Patented. Aug. 9, 1910.

Application filed January 24, 1910. Serial No. 539,812.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHAnLEsfALeERNoN Persons, B, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Heaton Works, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the county of Northumberland, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements Relating to the Heatingof Turbine Parts, of which the following is a specification. r

. This invention relates to the control of the heating of parts of .turbines which may be subjected to unequal temperature.

The object of the invention is to provide for the heating of the spindle of a turbine in order that a predetermined clearance may be maintained during working in the labyrinth packings of the gla'iid and dummy piston carried by the spindle.

In steam turbines in which a dummy iston is carried in proximity to a packing gland I have proposed before ininy Patent N 0. 858205 to form the end of the spindle hollow, this hollow portion being within the drum and connected to the steam supply chamber by means of hollow spokes.

The present invention consists in extend-- ing the hollow spindle chamber into the part of the spindle in the gland and connecting the chamber with a lantern space of the gland so that a transference of the fluid used for heating the spindle shall takeplace between the hollow spindle chamber and the lantern space of the gland. It is preferable to provide the chamber with outlet passages into a part of the turbine at a lower pressure than that existing in the lantern space so that a circulation of steam through the spindle chambe'rshall be insured.

The invention also consists in the devices hereinafter indicated.

It is usual in practice to admit steam to the packing gland of a condensing turbine before admitting it to the turbine itself; but since in turbines as hitherto used the mass of metal of the gland was much less than the [mass of the part of the spindle in the gland,

unequal heating of these parts occurred for ,a' considerable time after starting; by my invention the steam is admitted in the usual manner but without causing substantial unegual heating between the parts above mentioned.

jReferi-ing now to tithe accompanying drawings':Figure 1 represents'a section in the. spindle. on theinner sideof 7 through the inlet end of a steam turbine suitable for marine propulsion the spindle. being heated aecording'to the present invention. Fig. 2 represents a turbine rotor, the spindle of whichE'is also heated according to the present invention. Fig. 3 shows another arrangement by which steam is circulated within the turbine spindle.

In carrying theinvention into eifect according to one, construction as shown in Fig. 1, the end ofthe spindle, a, upon which the rotor wheel, 5', and dummy piston, c, are carried, is provided with a hollow chamber, (Z, whichextends into-thep'art of the spindle, a, which issurrounded by the packing gland, e. The packing gland is formed with a small annular? chamber, f, which is connected to a lantern Jspace, g 'supplied (by meansnot shown) with steamat a suitable pressure. Thishrnnu-lar chamber, f, comnmnicates with t is interiorqof the spindle, a, by a convenientnumber'of radial holes, h, It will be understood that th annular gland chamber, f, suitable. labyrii ithlpuckings are provided and on the ltamsbottonr pnekings; these packings are however only shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The spindle, a, is rovided with other radial holes, 2', referab y smaller than the first mentioned mice, 7;, at a point near the inner end of the gland, c, or at a part opening directly into the interior" of the drum or balancing piston chamber so that steam passed from the lantern space, 9, into the interior of the spindle, a, by the holes, it, shall pass out through the second set of holes, 5, into the interior of the drum which is at a lower pressure'than the lantern space, 9, of the gland, c. The chamber, d, in the spindle, a, is closed in any suitable manner say "by a screwed plug engaging with the threaded part, 70.

In the construction of turbine rotor, shown in Fig. 2, the spindle, a, extends the whole length of the rotor and the chamber, d, is closed by :1 lug, m, as shown. Further de scription o the spindle heating means is not necessary as it is similar to that already described, parts similar inthis figure being indicated by the same reference letters.

In some cases when the steam is supplied to the gland some time before it is admitted to the turbine supply chamber, j, the expansion of the spindle, a under the influenceof.

the steam admitted at the gland causes the packing at the dummy piston, c, to open somewhat beyond the predeterminedamount. Under the usual working conditions the pressure in the turbine supply chamber, 7', is however only a few pounds higher than that existing in the lantern space, 9, of the gland and therefore, when the working fluid is-admitted to the turbine the dummy cylinder, 0, is exposed to practically the same] temperature as the spindle, (1, and conse-' quently the par-ts carrying the dummy packing rings expand to a similar amount as the indle thus adjusting the clearance at the ummy packing rings. If however, t-he pressure in the turbine supply chamber, 7',

' is higher or lower than that in t-helantern space, (7, the equalization oi the expansion may still be obtained by suitably increasing or diminishing the distance to which the chamber, d, extends in the spindle, a. The size of the chamber may also be adjusted to provide for ,the difference of temperature of the fluid supplied to the turbine and of the fluid used for heating the spindle.

This invention may be apphed to either high pressure or low pressure turbines The invention is of particular value in marine steam turbines used in conjunction with a thrust bearing.

, According to the modification shown in Fig. 3 the steam'is drawn from the turbine supply pipe forward of the stop valve controlling the supply of steam to the turbine or from another independent. source of suit able pressure and is then led direct by way of. the lantern'space 7 annular space, f, in

the gland packing, e, and the passages it into thehollow spindle, (i. In order that the steam or other heating fluid may pass from end to end of the hollow spindle, a, a tube 4n is preferably placed therein and being formed with holes or openings 7', at its 1nnermost end causes the steam to pass axially within the tube and then through the holes, 7', into the annular passage 'betweenthe tube m and the sindle. The steam then passes by way of tliepassages i in the spindle to an annular space, n, in the gland packing c from whence most of the steam passes to another lantern space 7) which is connected with the exterior at the casing; by a passage 8, shown in dotted lines. Thus it will be seen that by connecting the passage 8 with a turbine stage of lower pressure than exists within the gland packing, e, steam or other heating; fluid can rircillatethrough the gland and hollow spindle.

Having nowvdescribcd my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is;-

1. In combination in a turbine a dummy piston, a spindle. u gland packing therefor, means for establishing a tiow of hot fluid through said gland packing and spindle 7 access whereby a. predetermined clearance is maintained during working in said gland and dummy piston.

,2. In combination in a turbine a dummy piston, 21 spindle and casing, a labyrinth packing land between said s .in'dle and cas ,ing, a hollow chamber in sa1 spindle and a lantern space in said gland, means connecting said lantern space with the hollow spindle chamber so that a transference of heating fluid shall take, place hetween the hollow spindle chamber and the lantern space of the gland whereby a predetermined c earance is mainteined during worlrin in the labyrinth packing of dummy piston.

3. In combination in a turbine a durum piston, a spindle and a casing, a labyrinth packing land between said spindle and casing, a ho low chamber in said spindle and a lantern space in said gland, means connecting said lantern s ties with the hollow spindle chamber an means connecting said the gland and chamber with a point of lower pressure than piston a spindle and a casing, a. lshyrint packing gland between said s indie and cas ing, a hollow chamber in sai spindle and a lantern space in said gland, radial holes through said spindle eonnectin the lantern space and hollow spindle cham er so that a. transference of heatin fluid shall take place between the hollow spindle chamber and the lantern space of the gland whereby aredetermined clearance is maintained uring working in the labyrinth packing of the gland and dummy piston.

5. In combination in a turbine a dumm piston, a spindle and a casing, a labyrinth packing land between said s indie and easing, aho low chamber in sai spindle and a lantern space in said gland, radial holes through saidspindle connecting said lantern space with the hollow spindle chamber, and radial holes in said spindle connecting the hollow chamber with a point of lower pres sure' than said lantern space whereby a transference of .hcatin jlluid from said gland through the chain r is establishedso that a predetermined clearance is maintained during working in, the labyrinth packing dummy piston carried, by

as 4. In combination in a turbine a dummy ing, said spindle havin r a hollow chamber and the gland having a antern space therein, means within said hollow spindle tome causo the heating fluid to pass from end to end of the spindle chamber, radial holes through said spindle connecting said lantern space with the hollow spindle chamber, and

ing working in the labyrinth packing of the gland and dummy piston carried by the spindle.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature radial holes in said spindle connecting the 'in presence of two witnesses.

hollow chamber with a point of lower pressure than said lantern spacewhereby a transference of heating flllldi from said gland through the chamber is established thus 10 maintaining a predetermined clearance dur- OHARLES ALGERNON PARSONS.

Witnesses FREDERICK GORDON HAY BEoFom), ALBERT \VILLIAM PARR.