US966363A - Gas-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

L. SAMOJE.

GAS TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED PEB.16,1910.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

)Nv-EN'roR, LEO sAMOdE,

alternately, and 'I arrange vcntion are represented by way of example and at- 5 and 5 and 6 and 6 are dia ramanion.

LEO SAMOJE, 0F ANTWERP, BELGIUM.

GAS-TURBIN E.

Application filed February 16,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2, 1910.

1910. Serial 1%. 544,317.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEO SAMOJE, of the. German Emperor, and residing at Antwerp, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Turbines, of which the following is a specification. i

The subjectanatter of. my invention 1s a reaction gas turbine having rotating combustion chambers.

According to my invention I provide a drum containin two or more combustion chambers, to which the combustible gaseous mixture and compressed air can be admitted this drum rotatable around a casing whose two chambers, which are separated from one another, serve for storing the gaseous mixture and compressed air, respectively, and are alternately successively connected with each of the coma subject bastion chambers.

A further object of my invention is to provide a special form of the valve mechanism. Two illustrative embodiments of my inm the accompanying drawing, wherein Figure l is a-longitudinal section through one form; Fig. 2 is a like view on a smaller scale of a second form, and Figs. 3 and 3, 4

matic cross-section through the combustion chambers and one valve. and diagrammatic cross-section through the other valve, respec tively, in various positions of the same.

. Referring to the drawing, the stationary casing c is divided into chambers a, b, separated in the illustrative embodiment according to Fig. l by a partition 0. The gas mixture is supplied, preferably under pressure or by suction on the part ofthe combustion chambers, through pipe (Z to thechamberp,

whereas chamber-b serves for receiving com pressed air entering through pipe 0; Both the gas chamber a and the compressed air chamber 2) are connected by controllable ports 7 and g with the combustionchambers in the rotating drum m. The gear operatingthc valves for closing the ports f and 5/ may be controlled resiliently, positively or automatically, and the distributing members may be formed as lifting valves, rotary valves'or-as other closure members.

In the illustrative embodiment according to Fig. l the distributing members are formed as two continuously rotating valves it and i keyed on the shaft is; the latter is whose .central vertical same time a partition between the chambers a and b so that the special stationarywall shown in Fig. tary according to Fig. relatively displaced slot-s f, g or rows of slots the distance between which corresponds to that between the ports driven by means of suitable wheel-gearing, for example, from the drum m.

I? the illustrative embodiment according v to ig. 2 one single valve 1 is arranged wall forms at the 1 may be omitted. The rovalve in the illustrative embodiment 2 is provided with two f and g. In the illustrative embodiments I provide in the rotating drum m two chambers a 71. the clear section of which ishes radially in the direction of rotation, so that the wall of each a a recedes from the central fixed casing in the form of approximately a spiral, as shown in Figs. 3 to 6. .At the end of each chamber located at the rear with regard to the direction of rotation I provide an exhaust nozzle 0 directed approximately tangentially. number of the contiguously arranged exhaust nozzles of each optional corresponding to the height of the explosion pressure or gme. exhaust nozzles are shown. may be either rectilinear known curvature that owing to the exhausting gases being :torccs occur blades in known systems of turbines. chambers of, central casing a, so that, according in each instance to the the explosion with the gas chamber a or'with the compressed air chamber (Z.

guided on the fixed central casing substantially by lateral hubs p and g. 1 to the illustrative embodiment shownin Fig. 1 a.belt-pulley r is keyed on hub 9' which is for transmitting the duced by the force of tion of the issuing gases. .Hub 9 carries also a spur wheel .9 which for driving the valve-gear. drum mis preferably surrounded by a stationary jacket, not shown, from which the products of combustion way of a'silencer into the open air.

gradually diminof the chambers a surface, whose contour'is The chamber n 2 may be to the size of the en- In the illustrative embodiments four These nozzles or have such a guided within them reaction analogous to the action of The n are open toward the fixed operation of the valve-gear, chambers can be connected The drum m is According rotatory motion proexplosion or the reacmeshes with a pinion The rotating The mode of operation of my improved pass directly or by wise,

6 correspon gas turbine is seen from Figs. 3, 3 to 6, 6 in which the relative posit-ions at various times of the two valves are shown; in Figs. 3 to 6 that valve is shown which is just openin or is keeping open the port in questlon, w ile in Figs. 3 to 6 that of the two valves is represented which is just closing its port or is kee ing it closed. Figs. 3, 3 to 6,

w1th the illustrative embodiment accordin to Fig. 1; they also suit,

however, for t e form according to Fig. 2

when it is assumed that the ports are arranged displaced relatively to one another in one single valve. In the position of the rotating drum m according to Fig. 3 the one chamber, 2'. e. n, of the two chambers a a is just beginning its admission period; valve h is opening communication betweenthe combustion chamber 72 and the gas chamber direction of rotation of the drum, so that the reaction produced hereby can be utilized for rotating the wheel,in the former direction of motion. The combustion process or the exhaust of the products of combustion converted into energy lasts almost one complete revolution until chamber? has returned into the position shown in Fig. 3. Valve 2' is now opened, as shown in Fig. 5, whereby compressed air is admitted from chamber 6 into the combustion chamber a for the purpose of scavenging'the latter. Valve i is closed again as soon as the combustion chamber 12, has passed out of reach of the compressed air port 9. The issuing compressed airwhich carries with it the residues of the roducts of'combustion also performs work by its reaction in like manner as the issuing products of combustion, so that the compressed air not only serves for scavenging the combustion chambers but can be drawn. upon'directly for performing work, whereby the efficiency of the plant is increased. As soon as the pressure above Fig. 3, so that the chamber a atmospheric of the compressed air in chamber n ceases, work is neither performed nor consumed in this chamber until the moment when it again reaches the position shown in runs idle, as it were, during this period (Fig. 6). The action of the second chamber n is displaced 360 relatively to that of the first chamber. After chamber a has rotated one complete revolution from the position shown in Fig. 3, and has passed out of reach of the slots in the valve (Fig. 6), the admission period for chamber a begins by valve 7L opening. Shortly before chamber 77. reaches the position shown in Fig. 3 ignition occurs in chamber n. chamber n still running idle. As the turbine rotates further (Fig. 3), work is done in the chamber a and the admission period for chamber a begins. Having arrived in the position according to Fig. 4 compressed air begins to be supplied from chamber b into combustion chamber a owing to valve i opening.

When the sections of the ports f, g and of the combustion chambers are correspondingly dimensioned there is no difficulty in employing four combustion chambers instead of two;'the valves h and z must be controlled correspondingly @however. Also, instead of only one rotating drumv m a plu rality thereof may be arranged in series, when itmay be arranged that the exhaust gases of the high pressure drum are employed again for doing work in the next drum.

I claim z- 1. In a gas turbine,-the combination, with a casing comprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of a drum having a combustion chamber and revoluble on said casing and provided with an exhaust nozzle directed oppositely to the direction of rotation of the drum, and means, controlled by said drum, for connecting the combustion chamber alternately with the gas glamber and with the compressed air cham- 2. In a gas turbine, the combination, with a casing comprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed airchamber, of a drum comprising a pluralityof combustion chamhers and revoluble on said casing, said drum having a plurality of exhaust nozzles directed oppositely to the direction of rotation thereof, the wall of said casing having ports for establishing communication between the drum and the former chambers, and means for alternately establishing and closing the communication between the drum and said gas chamber and between the drum and said compressed air chamber.

3. In a gas turbine, the combination, with a casing comprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of a drum revoluble on said casing, and means for intermittently supplying a combustible gaseous mixture from the gas chamber to the drum and for intermittently supplying compressed air from the compressed air chamber to the drum, said drum comprising a plu rality of combustion chambers adapted to be connected with said gas and air chambers, each combustion chamber having a section, measured radially, which diminishes con tinuously in the direction of rotation thereof, and each having an exhaust nozzle directed opposite to the direction of rotation and opening into the same at the large part thereof.

45. In a gas turbine, the-combination, ,with a casing comprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of a drum comprising a plurality of combustion chambers revoluble on said casing, the wall of said casing having ports for establishing communication between the drum and the former chambers, and rotating valves having relatively displaced ports for alternately establishing and closing the communication between the drum andsaid gas chamber and between the drum and said compressed air chamben 5. In a gas turbine, the combination with a casing comprising a gas chamber and a separate compressed air chamber, of a drum comprising a plurality of combustion chambers revoluble on said casing and having a plurality of exhaust nozzles directed oppositel'y t0 the direction o'frotation thereof, the Wall of said casing having ports for establishing communication between the drum and the former chambers rotating valves having relatively displaced ports for establishing and closing the communication between the drum and said gas chamber and, alternately therewith, between the drum and said compressed air chamber, and a gear connected with said drum for driving the valves. i

In testimony Whereof,I aflix my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

LEO SAMOJE. Witnesses:

Gr. DE LERsY, H.. TUCK SHERMAN.

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