US9637677B2 - Aqueous cleaning composition and method - Google Patents
Aqueous cleaning composition and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US9637677B2 US9637677B2 US14/477,289 US201414477289A US9637677B2 US 9637677 B2 US9637677 B2 US 9637677B2 US 201414477289 A US201414477289 A US 201414477289A US 9637677 B2 US9637677 B2 US 9637677B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cleaning composition
- sodium
- aqueous cleaning
- cleaning fluid
- aqueous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HVFFICXFJBAZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCOOP(O)(O)=O HVFFICXFJBAZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carboxylatooxy carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)OOC([O-])=O VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940045872 sodium percarbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940100242 glycol stearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 tridecane (C13 Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940079857 disodium cocoamphodipropionate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KJDVLQDNIBGVMR-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;3-[2-aminoethyl-[2-(2-carboxylatoethoxy)ethyl]amino]propanoate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCN(CCN)CCOCCC([O-])=O KJDVLQDNIBGVMR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- GCRIFWNODNDUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 2-hydroxy-3-[2-hydroxyethyl-[2-(octanoylamino)ethyl]amino]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC(=O)NCCN(CCO)CC(O)CS([O-])(=O)=O GCRIFWNODNDUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZHQPBJEOCHCKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(P(O)(O)=O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O SZHQPBJEOCHCKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYYXDZDBXNUPOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole-2,6-diamine;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C1C(N)CCC2=C1SC(N)=N2 RYYXDZDBXNUPOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001174 Diethylhydroxylamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical class [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical class [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940078916 carbamide peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013000 chemical inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCN(O)CC FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019820 disodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium pyrophosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])(=O)OP(O)([O-])=O GYQBBRRVRKFJRG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- VMLGUXMPXADUKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy (2-nonylphenyl) hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(O)(=O)OOCC VMLGUXMPXADUKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
- C09K8/524—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning organic depositions, e.g. paraffins or asphaltenes
-
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
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- C11D11/0041—Industrial or commercial equipment, e.g. reactors, tubes or engines
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- B08—CLEANING
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- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
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- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/041—Cleaning travelling work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
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- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
- B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
- B08B9/0321—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
- C09K8/584—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/2082—Polycarboxylic acids-salts thereof
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C11D3/30—Amines; Substituted amines ; Quaternized amines
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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Definitions
- Paraffin wax and asphaltene deposition costs the oil industry billions of dollars worldwide. Paraffin and asphaltene precipitation and deposition in crude oil transport flow-lines and pipelines is an increasing challenge for the development of deep-water subsea hydrocarbon reservoirs. When sufficiently deposited over time, paraffin wax and asphaltenes can partially or totally block oil production to uneconomical levels requiring shutdowns or various remediation treatments. Other problems caused by paraffin or asphaltene deposition include entrapment of produced water, which increases surface roughness on pipe walls leading to increased pumping pressure and reduced throughput, accumulations that fill process vessels and storage tanks, and interference with the operation of valves and other instrumentation. This deposition also occurs in producing wells where the paraffin and asphaltene deposits accumulate in and around the wellbore causing major restrictions. All of these problems may result in production shutdowns and hazardous conditions requiring extensive workovers, and resulting in production losses and possibly irreparable damage to equipment.
- paraffin wax is formed of molecules in the range of C 20 and higher. However, due to pressure differences and very low temperatures inside and around subsea flow lines, these paraffin wax deposits begin to form with much smaller carbon chains. Since average subsea temperatures are below 40° F., paraffin compounds such as tridecane (C 13 , which freezes at 27° F.), tetradecane (C 14 , which freezes at 41.9° F.), pentadecane (C 15 , which freezes at 49.8° F.), and hexadecane (C 16 , which freezes at 64° F.) also begin to deposit on these flow lines as wax deposits. These paraffinic compounds all display only limited solubility at modest temperatures in many types of organic solvents and are virtually insoluble in aqueous solutions, although they can be re-melted between 120-150° F.
- Asphaltene deposition is less driven by temperature and pressure. Instead, the deposition of asphaltenes is affected more by chemical changes in the crude oil. Asphaltene molecules are dispersed or floating in the crude oil. Lowering the pH of the system or introducing carbon dioxide or nonaromatic solvents can strip away the outer parts of the asphaltene molecules, which help to maintain dispersion of the asphaltene molecules. Without the outer parts, the asphaltene molecules will flocculate and precipitate.
- Scale formation in natural gas pipelines may be attributed to a number of factors. Evaluation of scale samples indicate that the scale formations may include trace amounts of silica and clay from the formations from which the gas was derived, along with black powders and mineral scales. These scale formations may be very hard and may resemble sand stone.
- the use of monoethanol glycol (MEG) or methanol to retard the formation of natural gas hydrates has created the problem of decreased solubility of trace minerals.
- basic agents e.g., NaOH or NaHCO 3
- Possible sources of the black powder include mill scale from the pipe manufacturing process, flash rust from hydraulic test water corrosion, and internal pipe corrosion. Chemical analyses of the black powder show that it consists mainly of a mixture of iron oxides and iron sulfides.
- An aqueous cleaning fluid has been developed for removing deposits of paraffin wax, asphaltene molecules, and scale from hydrocarbon flow lines, vessels, or other equipment.
- a granular cleaning composition may be activated with an aqueous liquid, such as sea water or produced water, to form the aqueous cleaning fluid.
- the effectiveness of the aqueous cleaning fluid is temperature independent. These properties render the cleaning composition ideal for offshore and subsea pipeline operations.
- the cleaning composition lowers surface tension allowing it to penetrate the area between a deposited material and a pipe wall.
- the cleaning composition also neutralizes the zeta charge associated with paraffin and asphaltene molecules, which reduces the stickiness of the deposit and reduces the ability of these molecules to adhere to a pipe wall, other molecules, or geological formations. In this way, the cleaning composition allows the paraffin and asphaltene molecules to be removed from the deposit.
- the cleaning composition may include the following components: a silicate, a peroxygen, a phosphate, a carbonate or a bicarbonate, a chelating agent, and a surfactant combination.
- the cleaning composition may be mixed with an aqueous liquid to form an aqueous cleaning fluid.
- Suitable aqueous liquids include, but are not limited to, water, aqueous brines, sea water, lake water, river water, subsurface water, produced water, or any mixture thereof.
- the concentration of the cleaning composition in the aqueous cleaning fluid may be about 1% to about 10% by weight. All percentages disclosed herein are weight percentages unless otherwise specified.
- the silicate of the cleaning composition may include sodium metasilicate, sodium sesqui-silicate, a liquid sodium silicate, a liquid potassium silicate, or an orthosilicate. If sodium metasilicate is used, its ratio of SiO 2 /Na 2 O may be about 1:1.
- the silicate may provide a soil suspending property and a corrosion inhibition property to the cleaning composition. Additionally, the silicate may help to attack C 13 -C 18 paraffins that have free fatty acid radicals, which are normally aromatic in nature, through saponification.
- the concentration of the silicate in the cleaning composition may be about 21% to about 33% by weight. Preferably, the concentration of the silicate in the cleaning composition may be about 30% by weight.
- the peroxygen of the cleaning composition may include a percarbonate (e.g., sodium percarbonate), a perborate (e.g., sodium perborate), a hydrogen peroxide, a persulfate, a thiourea dioxide, a diethylhydroxylamine, a peracetic acid, or urea peroxide (carbamide peroxide).
- a percarbonate e.g., sodium percarbonate
- a perborate e.g., sodium perborate
- hydrogen peroxide e.g., sodium perborate
- a persulfate e.g., sodium perborate
- a hydrogen peroxide e.g., sodium perborate
- a persulfate e.g., sodium perborate
- a hydrogen peroxide e.g., sodium perborate
- a hydrogen peroxide e.g., sodium perborate
- a persulfate e.g.
- the slow-release of oxygen is also critical when working under pressurized conditions, as the combination of oil and oxygen under pressure can be very dangerous.
- the concentration of the peroxygen in the cleaning composition may be about 20% to about 35% by weight. Preferably, the concentration of the peroxygen in the cleaning composition may be about 30% by weight.
- the phosphate of the cleaning composition may include sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, trisodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, or monosodium phosphate. These materials may provide protection against humidity degradation of the cleaning composition. These materials are also good water conditions and help in lowering surface tension. The phosphate may help to suspend particulates and hold them in suspension.
- the concentration of the phosphate in the cleaning composition may be about 3% to about 15% by weight. Preferably, the concentration of the phosphate in the cleaning composition may be about 7.5% by weight.
- the carbonate or the bicarbonate of the cleaning composition may include sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesqui-carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, or potassium carbonate. These materials provide further alkalinity for the saponification of the shorter chain paraffins that contain a fatty acid radical.
- the concentration of the carbonate or bicarbonate in the cleaning composition may be about 15% to about 40% by weight. Preferably, the concentration of the carbonate or bicarbonate in the cleaning composition may be about 25% by weight.
- the chelating agent of the cleaning composition may include ethylene diamine tetra acidic acid tetra sodium salt (EDTA) or organophosphates such as HEDP, PBTC, and ATMP.
- EDTA ethylene diamine tetra acidic acid tetra sodium salt
- the concentration of the chelating agent in the cleaning composition may be about 1% to about 10% by weight depending on the amount of iron and other trace metals in the system.
- the concentration of the chelating agent in the cleaning composition may be about 5% to about 8% by weight.
- the surfactant combination in the cleaning composition may include a surfactant polymer mixture and a wetting agent.
- the surfactant combination may have a surfactant polymer mixture to wetting agent ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:1.9.
- the surfactant polymer mixture to the wetting agent ratio may be about 1:1.5.
- Each of the surfactants in the surfactant combination may be compatible with oxidizing materials, thereby preventing the oxygen from attacking the surfactant instead of the materials intended to be removed from a formation. Reaction of oxygen with the hydrated surfactants in the blended cleaning composition is also avoided in order to prevent product degradation and possible fires.
- the surfactant polymer mixture may contain an equal amount of a block polymer and a reverse polymer.
- the surfactant polymer mixture contains an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer (available under the trade name Pluronic L-61) and an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide reverse polymer (available under the trade name Pluronic 25R2).
- the surfactant polymer mixture may contain ethoxylated triglyceride, polyglyceryl-2-sequilisosterate, polyethylene glycol stearate, a monoglyceride, or a diglyceride.
- polymer surfactants are nonionic and have hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values between 3 and 6 indicating that they are water-in-oil emulsifiers. They function as both rinse aids (i.e., allowing water to form sheets rather than spots by reducing the surface tension of water) and anti-redeposition agents (i.e., preventing soils from depositing on surfaces).
- HLB hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
- the concentration of the surfactant polymer mixture in the cleaning composition may be about 0.6% to about 2% by weight.
- the concentration of the surfactant polymer mixture in the cleaning composition may be about 1% by weight.
- the wetting agent of the surfactant combination may include a sulfonated material, such as a sodium alkane sulfonate (available under the trade name Bio Terg PAS 8S), a branched C 12 diphenyl oxide disulfide, a linear C 10 diphenyl oxide disulfonate, a sodium alpha olefin sulfonate, or a sodium (C 14-16 ) olefin sulfonate.
- a sulfonated material such as a sodium alkane sulfonate (available under the trade name Bio Terg PAS 8S), a branched C 12 diphenyl oxide disulfide, a linear C 10 diphenyl oxide disulfonate, a sodium alpha olefin sulfonate, or a sodium (C 14-16 ) olefin sulfonate.
- sulfonated materials are anionic and function as surface tension reducing agents.
- the wetting agent may include an ethoxylated alcohol containing a linear (C 9 /C 10 /C 11 ) blend, a linear C 11 , a linear (C 12 /C 13 ) blend, a linear (C 12 /C 13 /C 14 /C 15 ) blend, or a linear (C 14 /C 15 ) blend.
- ethoxylated alcohols are nonionic and have HLB values between 7 and 9 providing excellent wetting properties as well as suspending and emulsifying properties.
- the concentration of the wetting agent in the cleaning composition may be about 0.5% to about 2% by weight.
- the concentration of the wetting agent in the cleaning composition may be about 1.5% by weight.
- the surfactant combination of the cleaning composition may further include an ethoxy phosphate, such as a linear alcohol ethoxy phosphate (available under the trade name Rhodafac PL-6), a branched alcohol ethoxy phosphate, or nonylphenol ethoxy phosphate (available under the trade name Rhodafac RS-610).
- Rhodafac PL-6 linear alcohol ethoxy phosphate
- a branched alcohol ethoxy phosphate branched alcohol ethoxy phosphate
- nonylphenol ethoxy phosphate available under the trade name Rhodafac RS-610.
- Rhodafac RS-610 nonylphenol ethoxy phosphate
- solvents e.g., toluene, xylene, mixtures thereof or mixtures with diesel or kerosene
- any non-solvent cleaning product could sufficiently remove these deposits from a hydrocarbon system, especially at subsea temperatures.
- the specific surfactant combination allows the aqueous cleaning fluid disclosed herein to remove paraffin, asphaltene, and scale deposits from a hydrocarbon system without the use of solvents and at temperatures as low as 33° F., such as subsea temperatures, or as high as 250° F.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid is able to travel extremely long distances through systems with heavy deposits.
- the surfactant combination may include an amphoteric surfactant and an ethoxylated fatty amine.
- the amphoteric surfactant may include equal amounts of a disodium cocoampho dipropionate (available under the trade name Miranol FBS) and a sulfonated caprylic derivative sodium salt (available under the trade name Miranol JS Concentrate).
- the concentration of the amphoteric surfactant in the cleaning composition may be about 0.6% to about 2% by weight.
- the concentration of the amphoteric surfactant in the cleaning composition may be about 1% by weight.
- the ethoxylated fatty amine may include polyoxyethylene tallow amine (available under the trade name Ethox TAM-5).
- This material may function as an emulsifier and a releasing agent in the cleaning composition.
- the surfactant combination provides the aqueous cleaning fluid with the ability to remove microorganisms that create partial or complete plugs in a hydrocarbon flow line.
- the concentration of the ethoxylated fatty amine in the cleaning composition may be about 0.5% to about 2% by weight.
- the concentration of the ethoxylated fatty amine in the cleaning composition may be about 1.5% by weight.
- the surface tension of the cleaning composition may be 28 dynes or less. More preferably, the surface tension of the cleaning composition may be 24 dynes or less. Most preferably, the surface tension of the cleaning composition may be 22 dynes or less.
- the cleaning composition may have a Na 2 O mEq value of at least about 20 mEq values at a pH of about 9, more preferably about 25 mEq, and most preferably about 35 mEq at a pH of 12.
- the granular cleaning composition may be added to an aqueous liquid. Slow addition of the cleaning composition in a back and forth motion may eliminate clumping and excessive mixing times. After the desired amount of the cleaning composition has been added, the aqueous cleaning fluid may be allowed to mix thoroughly to ensure that all granulated material is properly dissolved. In one embodiment, the aqueous cleaning fluid may be heated to decrease the mixing time. Heating, however, is not necessary.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may be used to remove a deposit or plug in a system such as, but not limited to, an oil or gas pipeline or wellbore, either subsea or on land.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid is effective at removing deposits formed of hydrocarbons or scale.
- Hydrocarbons include, but are not limited to, crude oil, shale oil, tar, asphaltene, and paraffin.
- Scale includes, but is not limited to, any carbonate, sulfate, or metal salt that has precipitated out of the water phase, trace formation material such as silica and clays, and corrosion materials.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may be pumped at a slow rate through the system. Where production fluid is present in the system, the heavier aqueous cleaning fluid may replace the lighter production fluid in the system.
- the production fluid may be collected in an appropriate container for disposal or reprocessing. The pumping may continue until all of the production fluid has been displaced as evidenced by the return of the aqueous cleaning fluid.
- a valve on a line used to displace and capture the production fluid may be closed, and additional aqueous cleaning fluid may be pumped into the system until a desired line pressure is reached. Once this desired line pressure is achieved, the pumping of the aqueous cleaning fluid is stopped.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may penetrate between the deposit and the system wall (e.g., pipe wall), as well as through the deposit itself. As this penetration occurs, the line pressure will decrease. Additional amounts of the aqueous cleaning fluid may be pumped into the system to maintain the desired line pressure. The line pressure is used as a measurement of the effectiveness of the aqueous cleaning fluid in penetrating the deposit. When there is a sufficient decrease in the line pressure, removal of the deposit may begin. On one side of the system, a valve may be opened and a collection station may be used to collect the deposited material. On the opposite side of the system, additional aqueous cleaning fluid may be pumped into the system forcing the deposit out of the system.
- the system wall e.g., pipe wall
- a pig may be used to push the deposit out of the system.
- the system may be flooded with a desired concentration of the aqueous cleaning fluid and closed, allowing the aqueous cleaning fluid to soak for a minimum of 12 hours.
- the line may be pigged and flushed with seawater to remove any remaining solids or sludge.
- the production fluid may be removed in two ways.
- the first way includes slowly pumping the aqueous cleaning fluid into the system, allowing the heavier aqueous cleaning fluid to displace the lighter production fluid, and collecting the production fluid at the pumping point in the same way described above.
- the second way includes slowly pumping the aqueous cleaning fluid into the system to push the production fluid toward a capture point at the opposite end of the system from the pumping side. Pumping may be continued until all of the production fluid has been removed and the aqueous cleaning fluid is being returned at the capture point.
- the length of the system may be filled with a desired concentration of the aqueous cleaning fluid, and allowed to soak for a minimum of 12 hours.
- the system may be flushed with an additional volume of the aqueous cleaning fluid to collect the contents of the line at the capture point. Pumping may continue until a sufficient amount of the aqueous cleaning fluid has been added to the system.
- the line may be closed and allowed to soak for a minimum of 12 hours.
- the line may be pigged. If the line pressure decreases, an additional amount of the aqueous cleaning fluid may be added to maintain the desired line pressure. This process may be continued until the deposit or blockage is removed and communication is established. Then the line may be flooded with a desired concentration of the aqueous cleaning fluid.
- the system may be closed and allowed to soak again for a minimum of 12 hours.
- the line may be pigged and flushed with seawater to remove any remaining solids or sludge.
- a cleaning composition was prepared with the components shown in Table 1.
- Test Well 1 was at static pressure and producing only 1 ⁇ 4 barrel of oil per day. Fifty pounds of the cleaning composition was poured directly into the annulus of Test Well 1 followed by 10 barrels (420 gallons) of produced water to form an aqueous cleaning fluid in the annulus. The aqueous cleaning fluid was allowed to soak in the annulus for 24 hours. After reassembly, the aqueous cleaning fluid was pumped out and processed through a tank battery. After treatment with the aqueous cleaning fluid, the production rate of Test Well 1 increased to 4 barrels of oil per day. Test Well 1 continued at this production rate for a period of 8 months.
- Test Well 2 was producing only 1 ⁇ 2 barrel of oil per day.
- Test Well 2 was treated with the cleaning composition shown in Table 2 according to the procedure set forth in Example 1 above. After treatment with the aqueous cleaning fluid, the production rate of Test Well 2 increased to 3.5 barrels of oil per day. Test Well 2 continued at this production rate for a period of 6 months.
- Test Well 3 was producing only 1 ⁇ 2 barrel of oil per day at ambient pressure.
- Test Well 3 was treated with the cleaning composition shown in Table 3 according to the procedure set forth in Example 1 above. After treatment with the aqueous cleaning fluid, the production rate of Test Well 3 increased to 10 barrels per day, with a renewed production of natural gas. Test Well 3 continued at this production level for a period of about 3 months. After this time, Test Well 3 dropped to a production rate of 8 barrels per day, but with continued production of natural gas. Production continued at this rate for an additional 6 months.
- a cleaning composition was prepared with the components shown in Table 4. First, a pre-blend of the surfactants was prepared with a small amount of water. Then the remaining components were mixed and the surfactant pre-blend was added slowly and allowed to hydrate for about 15 minutes until the mixture was fluffy and try to touch. Pipeline 4 was plugged with no communication between Point A and Point B (separated by a distance of 1.43 miles) for approximately 10 months. Previous cleaning attempts on Pipeline 4 proved unsuccessful, including the use of a prior art paraffin inhibitor. The blockage was detected 469 feet from Point B and a possible blockage was detected 467 feet from Point A. An aqueous cleaning fluid was prepared using the cleaning composition shown in Table 4.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid was pumped into Point A of Pipeline 4 until the production fluid present in this end of Pipeline 4 was displaced and captured in an appropriate tank. Then the aqueous cleaning fluid was pumped into Point B of Pipeline 4. Communication was first established between Point A and Point B after 8 hours total pumping time and the injection of 44.5 barrels of the aqueous cleaning fluid. Full communication was established between Point A and Point B after 45 hours of pumping. Ultimately, the aqueous cleaning fluid removed 284 barrels of paraffin solids and sludge from the 8 inch pipeline. In other words, it removed a paraffin plug that occupied 72% of the 1.43 mile long pipeline between Point A and Point B.
- Test Well 5 was producing no oil.
- the cleaning composition shown in Table 1 was used, according to the procedure set forth in Example 1. However, after the soaking time with this aqueous cleaning fluid, Test Well 5 did not begin producing oil. Further inspection revealed the presence of a microorganism. A cleaning composition with the components shown in Table 5 was then prepared. This cleaning composition was added to the annulus of Test Well 5 at a rate of 50 pounds of the cleaning composition to 5 barrels of produced water. After a 24-hour soaking time with the aqueous cleaning fluid, the well pump was able to sufficiently remove the microorganism. Test Well 5 recovered with a production rate of 2 barrels per day.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may be used to remove blockages from wellbores and pipelines. It may also be used to remove built up paraffins and asphaltenes in sand control operations (i.e., gravel pack); to remove scale and other deposits in injection wells; to remove microorganisms blocking a wellbore; to remove Slick Water deposits remaining after completion of a Slick Water project; and to remove rust deposits, burnt carbon, amine, and other solvent residues from oil and gas platform and refinery equipment.
- sand control operations i.e., gravel pack
- to remove scale and other deposits in injection wells to remove microorganisms blocking a wellbore
- Slick Water deposits remaining after completion of a Slick Water project to remove rust deposits, burnt carbon, amine, and other solvent residues from oil and gas platform and refinery equipment.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may also be used to flush and clean pipelines.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may first penetrate bonds holding paraffin and asphaltenes in place. It may also leave a slight silica residue to assist in reducing friction and to allow the deposited materials to move freely.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may also break down the asphaltenes and cap the paraffins to prevent reformation of the deposit. The combination of these effects may allow the aqueous cleaning fluid to transform a deposit or plug into a movable mass.
- Hydrocarbons are usually present in mineral scale deposits found in flow lines, separators, and tubulars.
- the aqueous cleaning fluid may be used to remove the top layers of hydrocarbons from the mineral scale deposits and to create small pathways in the scale for mineral acids to follow.
- the removed hydrocarbons may migrate to the surface of the aqueous cleaning fluid.
- mineral acid is poured through the aqueous cleaning fluid, an acid base neutralization occurs and the scale may be broken apart via the pathways created by the aqueous cleaning fluid.
- scale deposits that may be removed using the aqueous cleaning fluid include, but are not limited to, barium carbonate and barium sulfate scale deposits.
Abstract
Description
TABLE 1 | |||
Sodium metasilicate, anhydrous | 30.3% | ||
Sodium percarbonate | 30.3% | ||
Sodium tripolyphosphate | 6.7% | ||
Sodium carbonate, dense | 23.6% | ||
EDTA | 6.7% | ||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block | 0.4% | ||
copolymer (Pluronic L-61) | |||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide reverse | 0.4% | ||
polymer (Pluronic 25R2) | |||
Sodium alkane sulfonate (Bio Terg PAS 8S) | 1.5% | ||
TABLE 2 | |||
Sodium metasilicate, anhydrous | 24.7% | ||
Sodium percarbonate | 30.1% | ||
Sodium tripolyphosphate | 7.9% | ||
Sodium carbonate, dense | 28.1% | ||
EDTA | 6.7% | ||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer | 0.5% | ||
(Pluronic L-61) | |||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide reverse polymer | 0.5% | ||
(Pluronic 25R2) | |||
Linear alcohol ethoxy phosphate (Rhodafac PL-6) | 1.5% | ||
TABLE 3 | |||
Sodium metasilicate, anhydrous | 31.5% | ||
Sodium percarbonate | 30.2% | ||
Sodium tripolyphosphate | 8.0% | ||
Sodium carbonate, dense | 25.8% | ||
EDTA | 1.0% | ||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer | 0.5% | ||
(Pluronic L-61) | |||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide reverse polymer | 0.5% | ||
(Pluronic 25R2) | |||
Sodium alkane sulfonate (Bio Terg PAS 8S) | 1.5% | ||
Linear alcohol ethoxy phosphate (Rhodafac RS-610) | 1.0% | ||
TABLE 4 | |||
Sodium metasilicate, anhydrous | 22.0% | ||
Sodium percarbonate | 32.3% | ||
Sodium tripolyphosphate | 7.3% | ||
Sodium carbonate, dense | 14.7% | ||
Sodium carbonate, light | 14.7% | ||
EDTA | 5.9% | ||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer | 0.4% | ||
(Pluronic L-61) | |||
Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide reverse polymer | 0.4% | ||
(Pluronic 25R2) | |||
Sodium alkane sulfonate (Bio Terg PAS 8S) | 1.5% | ||
Linear alcohol ethoxy phosphate (Rhodafac RS-610) | 0.4% | ||
Water | 0.4% | ||
TABLE 5 | |||
Sodium metasilicate, anhydrous | 24.7% | ||
Sodium percarbonate | 30.1% | ||
Sodium tripolyphosphate | 7.9% | ||
Sodium carbonate, dense | 28.1% | ||
EDTA | 6.7% | ||
Disodium cocoampho dipropionate (Miranol FBS) | 0.5% | ||
Sulfonated caprylic derivative sodium salt | 0.5% | ||
(Miranol JS Concentrate) | |||
Polyoxyethylene tallow amine (Ethox TAM-5) | 1.5% | ||
Claims (3)
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US14/477,289 US9637677B2 (en) | 2014-09-04 | 2014-09-04 | Aqueous cleaning composition and method |
PCT/US2015/046923 WO2016036555A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-08-26 | Aqueous cleaning composition and method |
US15/371,945 US10336934B2 (en) | 2014-09-04 | 2016-12-07 | Aqueous cleaning composition and method |
US16/407,830 US10941331B2 (en) | 2014-09-04 | 2019-05-09 | Aqueous cleaning composition and method |
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US10941331B2 (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2021-03-09 | Wellrenew, Llc | Aqueous cleaning composition and method |
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US20190264087A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
US20160068741A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
US20170088767A1 (en) | 2017-03-30 |
US10941331B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 |
WO2016036555A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
US10336934B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
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