US962023A - Centrifugal pump. - Google Patents

Description

- A. .E. GUY;

v GENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 20, 1908. I, I 962,023, Patented June 21,1910.

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-A. E. GUY.

GENTRIFUGAL PUMP;

' APPLICATION FILED JULY 20,1908.

' Patented June 21,1910.

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GENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLIOATIONIILED JULY 20, 1908.

962,023. Patented June21, 1910.

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ALBERT-E. GUY, or 'rnnn'roiv, new JERSEY, ASSIGNOR 'r'o' 15E LANAL swam CtURBINE GOMPNY, or NEW YonK, N.. I a 'coaroa'amron'or grammar.

' CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

oeaoza- Specification q r -r mit.- 1 Patented-June 21. 1910.

Application filed July 20, 1993. Serial No. 444,345.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT E. GUY, a

citizen of the United States of America, and

tain new and useful Improvements in Genthe intermediate sections of the pump may a resident of Trenton, county. of Mercer, and Sta-te of New Jersey, have invented certrifugal Pumps, of which the following is a spec fication.

My invention relates to improvements in centrifugal pumps, and particularly to multiple impeller pumps, and comprises an improved sectional construction', wherebyall be of the same design, the interior of the pump being nevertheless accessible by the removal of the upper half of the pump casmg; and my invention also comprises an improved construction of passages whereby the eliiciency of the pump is increas'ed.-

The objects of my invention are, to improve the efliciency of centrifugal pumps,

particularly pumps 9f th'e'""series type, to-

facilitate the constriction of such pumps in sections, and -t'b make the interior of the pump readily accessible.

I willn'ow proceed to describe my inven-' tion with reference to the accompanyin drawings, showing one embodiment thereo a transverse section on the line. 1;; l of Fig.

3; Fig. 5 shows a,transverse section of: the

pump on the-dine 55,of- F ig. ,FigJG "shows aplan iew of the pump with a portion of the upper part of .the pum casing broken away and the impellers of t e pump sectioned.

In the drawings, 1 designates a front head of the pump casing, containing the admission duct 2, and '3 designates the rear head of the pump casing, containing the discharge duct 4.

5,15 designate intermediate sections, connected to each other andto the front and rear heads as hereinafter .described.

'6 designates the rotary impeller shaft,

arranged to be driven in any suitable manner,,and. 7, 7 designate impellers mounted thereon."

As shown particularly in 3, each intermediate section 5 has a bell-mouth 8, adapted to receive the s igot end 9 of a slmilar section 5, or of t e front head 1; and the rear head 3 has a similar bell mouth adapted to receive the spigot end. 9 of the last intermediate sect-ion 5. The intermediate sections are all of precisely. similar construction, and. there may be more orless of them, according to the conditions under which the pump is .to operate."

tions of the pumpcasing are formed in are parts, bolted together; the parting line bemg in the horizontal plane passing through the axis of the pump. The upper members '70 or parts of the. several ump sections-are-all secured together by p0 ts 10; and the lower sections are .also ecured together, in the same manner. The constructlon is such, it I will be seen, that by removingythe bolts 11 '15 which secure the upper and lower members of the several sections together, the entire upper portion of the pump casing may be lifted ofi as one piecej This makes it very easy to obtain access to the interior of the pump. 7

-' The several sections of the pump casing are held together not so muchby the bolts 10 as by interlocking shoulders 12 and 13 formed on the coacting bell and spigot ends of the .severalsect-ions. In the o1nts thus formedsuitable packing material 14 may be inserted'. I j

The .setreral impellers are or may be of the same construction, and are providedjwith the usual vanes 15. Each 1m I lei discharges into an outwardly extendm s'sa 16, "the cross-sectional area ofw '1ch (1n transverse planes) .increases rapidly, beyond the periphery of the'impeller,.o wing to-radial divergence. This passage 16 in all the intermediate sections, is recurved and leads to the intake of the next im eller..- The passage 16 in the rear head eads to the dis charge duct 4. 'These' passages 16 may be 1 termed pressure. assages, since in them the kinetic energy 0 the water as 1t leaves the 7 "65- Both the heads and the intermediatesec- I pressure.

impeller is transformed in part into potential energy; by which term potential energy I mean that energy which has been converted from energyof motion into ca pacity fOr'IBCOIIVGI'SlOH mto energy of mo-.

tion by reason of the generation of the passage 16, this velocity rapidly diminishes, with transformation of kinetic energy; into ,pressure, llIltll. where the" streams.

change direction the velocity is lowand the pressure high.

Heretoforeit has been customary in multiple centrifugal pumps, to-reoeivethe dis charge. from each impeller in. a So-called diffuser-passage provided withvanes. I.

have found that these vanesare detrimental. Each particle of water; after leaving the impeller is-cau'sed-to movein a curved path. If the curvature-of blades in the discharge-passage exactly corresponds-to this curved path of the'water, theblades arefunctionlessg' ifsuch bladeshave any other shape or curvature they necessarily cause shock, impeding the flow. of water and-decreasing the etlh ciency of the pump. Therefore, in this pump theportionof each passage 16 adja cent each impellenlis unobstructed either by blades or vanes or;.by anything else which may impede .the natural vflow of the water, and is of such progressively increasing cross sectional area that the velocity of the water will decrease according to natural law and without shock. At the bends in "these pas sages, near the outside of. the casing, the

velocity of water is very low, relatively, as above stated, and therefore the friction of the water against the walls of the passages is relatively small. Just beyond the middle of the-return bend, the passage increases in widtl1,-measured axially of the pump, the

enlargement thus formed constituting a' space in which the liquid becomes relatively quiescent. Beyond this joint the passage decreases in cross-sectional area rapidly, the

{potential energy (pressure) of the water be ing'thereby reconverted into velocity or ki netic energy. As rotation of the water;in

vanes cause noappreciable churning or disturbance of the streams. Il7 Wlll be; noted that the inwardly extended portions of the passages 16, in which the yanes 17 are, dc crease in width both in' axial planes and 1n The water as it leaves the im-' pellersi s of course moving with great velocity; but owing to the much greater, and rapidly increasing, cross-sectional area of' transverse. planes, so that the progressive de. creasein cross-sectional area toward the center -is very' rapid and thereforethefina crease of velocity of the stream correspondingly rapid. As a result of this construction, each impeller adds to the moving stream of water an increment of energy substantially equal to that added by each of the other impellers and}; substantially the same as that which would be added if the pump "contained but one impeller; and the construction of the impellers and ofthe pas-- sages 1n the casing through which the stream flows'is such that there is niinimuniplos's" from shock, fluid friction, etc. Obviously the pump. may be f'adapted for operation? against practically any desired head by pro viding it with'a suitable number ,o'fjim' i'pellers and corresponding inter'medilate in%-sections. l

etween the hub of'each impeller tad-tn I adjacent walls of the casing, bearing rings 18 and 19 are rovided. Between each sec'-' .tion of the casing and the impeller's'haft a bushing 20 is provided, eaohof the intermediate bushings fitting into apshallow' re cess in the hubs-of two adjacent in 1p'ellers;'

thereby preventing leakage backward around the shaft.' The end bushings 20 have shoul;

ders 21; the said shoulder of thebushingf 20 at the admission-end of the" pu'in *teing engaged by shoulde -'22: of co1ar *.23-9 screw connected'to a reduced 'portionbf the first impeller. The shoulder 21 of the'bush ing 20 at the discharge end of the-pump is engaged by the shoulder 22 of another-col sorcx'v connected to the impcllershafti By this means the impellers are held ii plate upon the'shaft against longltudinal motionl'i The impellers are keyed to the shaft against rotati've motion with respect thereto', mthe ordinary manner. The usual packingfboxes 25 and glands 26 are provided at theendsf of the pump.- The pump casing'is' provided with suitable priming openings 27 which when the. pump is in operation are closedby suitable screw plu 's.

From the-foregoing descriptiontheo tion of the'pump will be-o'bviousj and t ere? operation.

fore 1 Will not particularly describe j such fj I \i.

In the impellers, near their-hubs,ar e openin s 28, serving to admit fluid' to the rear si e of said impellers sons to balance them. I

' What-I claim is z 1. A centrifugal pump casin eomp'rising 'jfront an'drear head sectlons'an one or more Ii intermediate sections having bell -and spigot] .j

connections with each other, the several s igots projecting a substantial'dis'tance' into n t e corresponding bell-mouths ofthe adjacent sections, and interlocking' ;therewith v arable transversely, means for securing the several members of each section together, and fastenin means arranged approximately radial y with respect to the casing for securin together corresponding members of di 'erent sections, whereby corresponding members of the entire pump casing may be removed as an integral structure.

2. A centrifugal pump casing comprising front and rear head sections and one or more intermediate sections having bell-and-spigot connections with each other, the several spigots projecting a substantial distance into the corresponding bell-mouths of the adj acent sections, such spigots and bell-mouths comprising shoulders lnterlocking therewith against longitudinal separation,-the several sections being thereby connected into one unitary structure without the necessity of other longitudinal fastenings, each such section formed of a plurality of members separable transversely, means for securing the several members of each section together, and fastening means arranged approximately radially with respect to the casing for securin together corresponding members of di 'erent sections, whereby corresponding members of the entire pump casing may be removed as an integral structure.

3. A centrifugal pump casing comprising. front and rear head sections and one or more intermediate sections having bell-and-spigotconnections with each other, the several sp1gots projecting a substantial distance into the corresponding bell-mouths of the ad moved as an integral structure, and packing,

material in the joints formed by said engaging spigots and bell-mouths.

i. A centrifugal pump casing comprising a plurality of adjacent sections havingjoints with one another, each such section formed of a plurality of members separable transversely, means for securing the several members of each section together, and fastening means arranged approximately radially with respect to the casing for securing together corresponding members of (liilercnt sections, whereby corresponding members of such pump-casing-sections may be removed as an integral structure.

5. A centrifugal pump comprising in comloinationa pump casing and a rotary impeller therein, saidpump casing having a chamber in which the impeller may rotate and having a return-bend pressure passage leading therefrom to an outlet, the portion of said chamber between the periphery of the impeller and the return-bend being a substantially straight space of length, radially, greater than the width of the discharge opening of the impeller, and of materially greater width than the width of said discharge opening of the impeller, such straight space increasing progressively in area from the impeller outward and being unobstructed, such passage'increasing in width, measured axially of the pump, from about the middle of the return bend to near the end of the return-bend, and thence decreasing in cross-sectional area progressively toward the outlet to which it leads, whereby the velocity of theliquid is permitted to decrease reatly after leaving the impeller and be fore the return bend isreached, and remains low while passin through the return bend and then gradua ly increases, the enlargement in said passage, beyond the middle of the return-bend, constituting a space in which the liquid becomes relatively quiescent before its velocity be insto increase, whereby swirling and ed y currents are avoided.

.6. A multiple centrifugal pump comprisingiinl comblnation a pump casing and a plurality of rotary impellers, said pump casing comprising a plurality of impeller chambers, one for each such impellers, and comprislng also one or more return-bend pressure passages leading from one of said chainhers to the intake of the next impeller, the

portion of said-chamber between .the periphcry of the impeller and the return-bend being a substantially straight space of length, radially, greater than the width of the discharge opening of the corresponding impeller, and of materially greater width than the width of that discharge opening of the impeller, such straight spaceincreasmg progressively; in, area from the impeller outward'and being unobstructed, such passage i v g in width, measured axially of the puni rom about the middle-of the return bend to 'fnear the end of the return-bend, and thence decreasing in cross-sectional area progressively'toward the outlet to which it leads, whereby the velocity of the liquid is permitted to decrease greatly after leaving the impeller and before the return bend is reached, and remains low while passing In testimony whereof I hive signed this through the return-bend and then gradually specification in the presence of two sub- 10' increases, the enlargement in said passage, scribing witnesses.

'beyond the middle of the return-bend, constituting a space in which the liquid becomes i ALBERT reletively quiescent before its velocity begins Witnesses: I to lncrease, whereby swigling and eddy cur- Enwoon RODENBA GH,

rents are avoided. ANNA, MAYER.

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