US961481A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

W. C. CARTER.

CABBURETEB.

APPLICATION FILED we. a1, 1908.

Patented June 14,1910.

2 SHEETB-BKBBT 1.

,a inventor: Wllham 0.6arhar bY/iutaw w Ahh'YB.

Witnesses W. G. CARTER.

CABBUBETEB. v

nrucuml mum we. a1, 1908.

961,481 Patented June 14,1910.

Witnesses Q m v bym fli Aim.

j UNITED sm es i gnnir OFFICE.

WILLIAM C. CARTER. OF ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI.

CARBUBETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 31, 1908.

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, W'ILL'IAM C. CARTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis. Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carburetors;

of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had I .0 to the accompanying drawings, forming grade of fuel to be used.

Another object is to provide a carbureter which is so constructed that very little suction is required to draw the charge into the cylinders of the engine, thereby producing 35 n are power and a higher-rate of speed than the carburetors heretoforein use;

Another object is to provide a carbureter that does not have to be ad usted or set for high speeds and low speeds, the calbnreter being so constructed that the supply of fuel varies automatically as the speed of the engine varies.

Another object is to provide a carburetor having novel means for regulating the auxiliary air valve of the mixing chamber, said means being adapted to be controlled by an operator located some. distance from the carbureter as, for example, by a person sitting in the driving seatof the automobile on which the carburetor is used. And still another object of my invention is to provide a carbureter having a mixing chamber which is so constructed that the air which enters same will be thoroughly mixed with vaporized fuel and thus produce a charge of vertical sectional view of the mixing chaml the proper richness for each cylinder of the engine.

Other objects and desirable features of my invention will be hereinafter pointed out.

Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a carbureter constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig.2 [5 a side elevstional view of said cabureter, the mixing chamber being shown in vertical section; llg. 3 is a Patented June 14, 1910. Serial No. 451.017.

bcr, float chamber, jet tube and the mem. bers inside of which said jet lube l. ar-

ranged; Fig. 4 is a perspective view-o! the auxiliary air valve for the mixing chamber l4 ig. 5'13 :1 vertical sectional view of thimix' ing chamber, said view being taken up noximately on the line 5-5 of Fig. and Fig.

G is an enlarged horizontal sectional viewtaken approximately on the line (L-B of,

Fig.

Referring to the drawin 's which illus, trate the preferred TOIm oi my invention, 1 desi nates an approximately cup-shaped hollow lmember that forms a that chamber,

and 2 designates a tubular-shaped portion on one side of said member that forms what I will term a starting reser oir. This tubular-shaped portion 2 is preferably formed integral wlth the member 1, and a duct 3 leads from the lower end of said tubular-' shaped portion to the interior of the on shaped member 1 so as to permit the liquid fuel in the float chamber to flow intothe starting reservoir or,rather, into the jet tube that communicates with said duct, as hereinafter more clearly described. A removable tep F is detachably connected to the cup-shapcd member 1 by means of fas-- tening devices 8', and, if desired. the bottom of said member 1 can be provided with a removable plug or stopper 1, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to enable the float chamber to be drained out when sediment collects therein. i

A float which-preferablv consists of? hollow metal ball, is located inside of the float chamber for automatically actuating a lever 4? which controls a valve 4* that admits the liquid fuel into the float chamber, said float 4 operating to always kee the Iuel in the float chamber at a certain evel. I have herein shown a ball valve 4 for controlling the supplv of liquid fuel to the float chamber but I wish it to be understood that it is immaterial so far as my broad idea is concerned, whattype of valve is used for this purpose. The liquid fuel is conducted into the float chamber by means of a pipe 5 leading from a fuel tank, not shown, and. communicating with a hollow portion 5 formed in the top 8 of the float chamber, the fuel flowing from. the hollow portion 5" into the float chamber through an openingm'hich the ball valve 4 closes, as shown in Fig. 3.

A mixing chamber 6 providedwith a flange or other suitable device for connect ing it to the intullc pipe. A leading to the cylinders oi" the engine on which the rurliu- I reter used, is located above the limit chamber, and in the construction hen-in shown said mixing ell-umber consists ot u corcd-out-casti' Llmt: is connected to the vided with an integral sleeve 1? that forms 5 jet tube -81'VO11',

a continuation of the tulnilurshaped portion on the member 1, and a duct or con 1 air pipe 11. .More power and a higher rate dull 7 that is formed in Silltl top in 3,. establishes comuuun-c: ttion l30- tween the mixing chamber and the tarting reservoir so as to permit the contents of said starting reservoir to be drawn up into the mixing chumber hen a suction is created in the cylinders of the engine.

A vertically disposed tube 9 which 1 term it jet tube communicates With the duct 3 so that the engine will operate at a higher which leads from the float chamber into the lower end of the starting reservoir so that the liquid fuel can llow from the float cluirnher into said tube and thence escape interally therefrom through small perforations or holes 0 formed in said tube and located in diil'erentlevels or in different horizon 1i planes. The upper end of the jet tube 1 closed by u nut 15, hereinu fter described, so that when the air is druwn out. of said tube a partial vacuum will 'necreated therein which causes the liquid fuel to rise in suid tube. An air pipe 11, which surrounds the 9 and projects into the starting res- I'crms a conduit or passageway through which air is drawn into the mixing chamber by the suction in the cylinders of thengine, the upper end of said air pipe being open or constructed in such it manner that air can rush dmvruxardly through same so as to create a partial vacuum in the jet tube and also vaporize the liquid fuel that emerges from the jet tube. The lower end of this air pipe .11 terminates above the bottom of the starting reservoir, us shown in Fig. 3, so as to permit the vaporized fuel to )ass 11 iwurdlv around saul "u )9 to the duct a and then into the mixing chamber ti. The

' air rushing down through this :iir pipe 11 creates a partial vacuum in the jet tube which causes the liquid fuel to rise nutonuiticall v in said tube and escape through the perforations 10 therein in the form of a spray or a number of fine jets of liquid fuel that are vaporized or converted into gas as soon as they become mixed with the air which is sucked into the mixing' chamber. As the suction in the cylinders of the engine increases the vacuum in the jet tube will, of

, course, increase proportionutely and thus cause the fuel to rise higher in the jet tube and bring more of the ports 10 into service;

or, in ther words, more jets of fuel will emerge from the jet tube as the suction in the mixing tiuuuber increase. Consequently. the supply of fuel which is drawn into the mixing cluunher will vurj' uutonuiticully us the speed of the engine varies =r the suction from the cylinders controls 'hi ol' the liquid fuel in the jet tube. painting or splitting the liquid fuel in the manner above described 1 am able to a low grade of fuel for the fuel is did into such minute particles that it vap- 0117.05 quickly when it, comes in contact with the air that rushes down through the speed and generate more power than if several pounds of suction were required to draw in the charge. It will be noted that fire air which vaporizes the liquid fuel euters the upper end of theair pi 1i and then passes out of the lower end 0 said pipe after it has vaporized the jets of fuel that emerge from the jet tube.

The ob ect of having the air travel in an opposite direction to that in which the liq-f uid l'uel travels as it rises in the jet tube is to prevent the supply of fuel that leaves the jet tube from becoming so great. that too rich a mixture will be produced. For example, if the air entered the lower end of the air pipe 11 and then passed upwardly through said pipe and out the upper end thereof to the mixing chamber thejets of fuel that emerge from the lower ports in the jet tube would be converted into a gas which would tend to obstruct or close/the air pipe from the supply of fresh air. Consequently, the quantity of liquid fuel that emerged from the jet tube would be so much greater than the quantity of air that passed: up through the air pigs that the supiply of air would not be su icient to pro uce a proper mixture," Inmy mproved construction this cannot occurtor the supphrof fresh air is always above the level 0 the fuel in the jet tube so that it will be im 05- sible for the air pipe to become choke or filled with pure gas. The result is that the proper amount of air will always be supplied and thus produce a charge of a proper richness The perforations 10 in the jet tube are preferably arranged spirally or out of vertical alinement with each other so that each jet of fuel will become mixed with a ditl'erent particle of air, the jets of fuel emerging from the jet tube in different horizontal planes and also different vertical planes so that the jet which emerges from one perforation will not mix with the air that has become mixed with the jet directly above it.

As shown in Fig. 3, the perforations or holes 10 in the jet tube are so small and are so close together that the supply of fuel increases gradually so that no perceptible 10 change is noticed in the explosions as the speed of the engine increases. e

The lowest perforation 10 in the jet tube is below the normal level of the fuel in the float chamber so that when the engine stops some of the fuel jn-the lower end of the jet tube will flow through the lowest perforation therein into the starting reservoir. The quantity of liquid fuel that collects in the bottom of the starting reservoir is just sulficientto produce a starting charge for the cylinder of the engine, and when the engine is cranked a suction will be created in the mixing chamber which causes the fresh air to rush down through the air pi e 11 and aporize the fuel in the bottom 0 the starting reservoir, said vaporized fuel being then drawn up around the outside of the air pipe and through the duct 7 into the mixing chamber from which it asses into the cylinders of the engine. 5 the engine continues in operation a steady current of air will be drawn down through theair pipe and thus vaporizes the jets of fuel that emerge from the jet tube, the air that is drawn down through said air pipe being sufiicieut to produce a charge of the proper richness up to a certain s eed of the engine. When the engine excee s this speed and a greater suction is thus created in the mixing chamher the liquid fuel that escapes from the jet tube will exceed the quantity of air that passes down through the air ipe, and consequently, the charge that is rawn into the mixing chamber will be too rich to form an explosive gas. To compensate for this, or to cut down this very rich charge of vaporized fuel, I have provided the mixing chamber with an auxiliary air valve, hereinafter described,,that opens automatically when a certain suction is obtained so as to admit a sufficient quantity of-fresh air to produce a charge of the proper IlCllllcSS.

I prefer to arrange the air pipe 11 inside of a hot water chamber so as to heat said pipe and also the jet tube and thus raise the specific gravity of the fuel and cause it to vaporize quicklv. In the construction herein shown, said hot water chamber is formed by a comparatively large tube 14 thatcsurrounds the air pipe 11, the upper end of said tube 14 being closed by a plug or member 12 provided with a number of radially disposed holes or openings 13 that form air ports which permit air to enter the upper end of the air pipe 11, said pipe being connected to the member 12 below the radially disposed holes therein. The closure for the upper end of the jet tube 9 consists of a plug or nut 15 screwed into the member 152, as shown in Fig. 3, and provided with a tapered recess or socket that receives the beveled upper end of the jet tube. The lower end of said jet tube is also beveled so that it will fit snugly in a tapered socket in the bottom of the starting reservoir 2. By screwing the plug 15 downwardly the jet tube will be forced snugly into its tapered seats or recesses and thus securely clamped in position. This forms a very efiicientand simple means for 89 retaining the jet tube in position and it enables said tube to be removed easily and it also eliminates the possibility of breakage such as would be apt to occur if the jet tube had a screw-threaded connection with 35 members that support it and maintain it in position. It is immaterial, however, so far as my broad idea is concerned, how the jet tube is retained in position so that I do not wish it to be understood that my invention 90 islimited to this exact construction.

The large tube 14 that forms the water chamber, is connected to the sleeve 17 on the top 80f the cup-shaped member 1 by means of a nut 16 through which the air 5 pipe passes, said nut filling the space between the'exterior of the air pipe and the interior of the tube 14 so-as to close the lower end of said tube. Thewater that is supplied to said tube 14 is preferably ob- 103 tamed from the water jackets on the cylinders of the engine on which the carburetor is used, the upper end of the tube 14 communicating with-a pipe 18 and the lower end of said tube communicating with a pipe 105 19 so that the water in the cylinder jackets can circulate through the tube 14. Said pipes 18 and 19 are connected to ni'iples that are screwed into bands 18 and 19 which surround the tube 14 or, if desired, said nipples can be tap ed directly into the tube 14 if the material from which said tube is formed is thick enough to be provided with screw-threaded openings.

\Vhile vI have herein stated that the hot 5 water chamber consist of a tube 14 that is detachably connected ti the top 8 of the cupshaped member 1, it will, of course, be obvious that the member 14 can be cast integral with said top 8 and also provided at its up- 129 per cnd with an integral portion 12 for receiving'the clamping nut 15. Means of the character above described for-heatin the air before it is drawn into the mixing c amher is a very desirable feature but I do not wish it to be understood that it is an essential feature of my carbureter for the carbureter' will operate satisfactorily without this hot water chamber.

A throttle valve 20 is arranged in the out- 130 let opening of the mixing chamber, and the stem of said valve is provided with an arm 20. as shown in F ig. :2, to which a link 20 is connected for actuating said valve. A flange 21, which is preferably formed into al with the casting that constitutes the mixing chaml'rer, surrounds the outlet opening 20 and depends downwardly therefrom, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5, so as to pr'wcnt the air that is drawn into the mixing (.llkllllher from rushing through the outlet opening before said air has become thoroughly mixed with the vaporized fuel that enters the mixing chamber through the conduit 1'. By constructing, the mixing rhzunber in this manner: namely, by providing it with a depending flange that sur-mnds the outlet opening. the air will be drawn uniformly from all points of the mixin: chamber and thus produce a charge of the proper richness for each cylinder of the. engine, said flange- 21 acting as a hafllc to preventthe air from passing through the outlet opening of the mixing chamber before it has become thoroughly mixed with the vaporized fuel.

As previously stated, the mixing chmu'oer is provided with an auxiliary air valve which opens automatically when the enginc attains a certain speed. This auxiliary air valve is designated by the rcfercnrc characer 22 and is shown clea r1 in Figs. 1. :2 and 4 of the drawings. Said valve 22 is carried by an arm 23 pivotally mounted on a stud shaft 23 that is carried by a stationary arm 24 which is preferably formed integral with the face plate 25 of the mixing chamber. The air valve .22 is seated or held in its closed position by means of a pring 3'12 connected at one end to the arm :3. which carries said valve. and having its opposite end connected to an adjustable arm 31 which is controlled by the operator who is stationed some distance from the carhurztrr. as, for example, the person who is driving the-automobile on which the carbnrcteris 'used. This arm 31 is connected to a rock shaft 29 jonrnaled in'a bearing 30 on the face plate 25 of the mixing chamber, and said rock shaft is provided with an arm 31' to which a link 38 is connected, as shown in Fig. 2,

so that the operator can move the shaft '29 and thus vary the tension which the spring 32 exerts on the opening movement of the auxiliaryair valve 22. Instead of having the spring 32 connected directly to the arm 31 I prefer to provide an adjustable connection between'said spring and arm. In the construction herein shown said adjustable connection consists of a shaft 33 journaled in the upper end of the arm 31 and provided with'an arm 34 that cooperates with a rack bar 35 on the arm 31. a coiled expansion spring 36 being interposed between a shoulder on the shaft: 33 and the bearing on the arm 3 on which said shaftis mounted so as to hold the handle at in mesh with the rack bar The upper end of the spring 32 eccentrically connected to the shaft 33, or in other words, the upper end of the sprmp 32 is connected at one side of the. longitudina enter of said shaft so of the spring 3:2 is controlled by the link 38 connected to the arm 37 of the rock shaft 29.

prevent the 1 valve from opening too quickly I have pru Med said valve with a piston 27, as shown in Fig. '2, that opcrates in-a dash-pot 26 at one side of the mix ing chamber 6, said piston 27 being pivotally connected to the air valve by means of a link 28. The auxiliary air valve 22 is so adjnstcd'that it will open automatically when the vaporized fuel that emerges from the jet tubeextends a certain amount, as previously stated. and when the quantity of fuel that emerges from said jet tube increases the air valve 22 will open farther and thus admit proportionately the same amount of air to the mixing clnunher, said valve closing automatically when the fuel in the jet tube falls or seeks a lower level. If the operator finds thatthe air admitted to the mixing chm her is not sufficient to produce a charge of the proper richness. or if he finds that too much air is being admitted to the mixing chamber, he moves the link 38 o as to change the position of the rock arm 31 and thus vary the tension which the spring32 exerts on the opening movement ofthe air valve.

When the air valve is closed the rock arm 3.1 normally occupies such 'a position that the spring 32 is arranged at an angle of a proximately 45 relatively to the straig t portion of the arm that carries the air valve. \Vhen' said rock arm 31 is moved to the left, looking at Fig. 4, the spring 32 will be arranged more nearly parallel to the straightportion of the valve-mrrying arm and consequently said spring will not exert as much tension (m -the valve when it opens, thereby permitting the valve to open farther and thus admit more air to the mixing chain her than when the rock nrm'is arranged in its normal position. hen the rock arm 31 is moved to the right, looking at Fig. 4, the spring 32 will be arranged at a greater angle relatively to the straight portion of the valve-carrying arm or more nearly at right angles to said straightportion so that greater tension will be exerted on the valve when it opens.

To state it in another way, the spring 32 exerts a. certain tension on the opening movement of the air valve when the rock arm is in its normal position, as shown in Fig. 4, so that a certain suction in the mix- 1ng' chamber' will cause the air valve to open a. certain distance. If the operator finds that the air valve does not open far enough. when the arm 31 is in this position, to admit suflicicntair to produce a charge of the proper richness, he moves the arm 31 to the left so as to reduce the tension which the s ring 32 xerts on the opening movement 0 the air valve. This, of course, will permit the valve to open farther before the normal tension on the same is again established, and, consequently, a greater quantity of air can enter the mixing chamber. If the operator finds that toomuch air is being admitted to the mixing chamber he moves the arm 81 to the right so as to increase the tension which the spring 32 exerts on the valve and thus prevent said valve from opening as far as it did when the spring was arranged more nearly parallel to the straight portion of the valvecarrying arm From the foregoing it will be seen that the operator can accurately overn the quantity of air that is admitted to the mixing chamber when the motor is running for the movement of the rock arm 31 varies the tension which the spring exerts on the air valve.

\Vhile I have specifically described one form of mechanism for controlling and ad justing the auxiliary air valve it will, of course, be obvious that various other means could be employed for this purpose and therefore I do not wish it to be understood that my invention is limited to the construction herein shown for adjusting the air valve.

Having described the details of construction of my improved carbureter, I will now describe the operation of same.

When the engine stops some of'the fuel in the float chamber will flow through the lowermost portof the jet tube into the starting reservoir 2 and thus be in position to be drawn into the mixing chamber when the engine is cranked. The suction produced in the mixing chamber by cranking the engine causes a current of air to pass downwardly through the air pipe 11 and thus vaporize the liquid fuel from the bottom of the starting reservoir and carry it into the mixing chamber. As the engine continues in operation a steady current of air will be drawn down through the air pipe ll, thus creating a partial vacuum in the jet tube which causes the fuel to rise in said tube and pass through the perforations 10 therein, the level of the fuel in said jet tube varying as the suction in the mixing chamber varies. The jets of fuel that emerge from the jet tube are vaporized and carried into the mixing chamber ,by the current of airthat passes downwardly through the air pipe, and as said air pipe and jet tube are heated by the water that circulates through the tubular-shaped member 14 in which the air pipe is arranged, the liquid fuel in the jet tube and also the air that passes through said pipe will be heated and thus cause the fuel to vaporize'quickly.

The air that is drawn down through the air pipe 11 is suilicient to produce a charge of the proper richness up to a certain speed of the engine but when the engine exceeds this speed the fuel that escapes from the jet tube will be so much greater than the quantity of air that passes through the air pipe that the mixture will be too rich to form explosive gas. The air that is admitted to the mixing chamber through the auxiliary valve 22, however, cuts'down this very rich charge and. thus produces a charge of the proper richness. The auxiliary air valve 22. is so adjusted that'itopens automatically when the vaporized fuel that emerges from the jet tube exceeds acertain amount, and as me quantity of fuel that escapes from said tube increases the valve 22 opens farther and thus admits proportionately the same amount of air to the mixing chamber.

It is well-known that in cold weather air is lighter and quicker in its action than in warm weather when the air is heavy and sluggish. Consequently, a greater quantity of air will flow through an opening of a certain size in cold weather than in hot weather. With my improved carbureter it is a very simple matter to adjust the air valve when the weather varies for all that the operator has to do is to move the 38 until the tension on the air 'valve is just right to permitsaid valve to admit the proper amount of air to the mixing chamber.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Let-' ters Patent is:

1. A carbureter provided with a jet tube having its upper end closed and its lower end communicating with asu ply of liquid fuel, said tube being rovid e intermediate its ends with a number of open eduction ports located at difi'erent levels, and means for causing a current; of air to pass downwardly ad acentsaid tube so as to create a partial vacuum therein and thus cause the fuel to rise automatically in said tube and pass laterally through the ports therein, the quantity of fuel that emerges from said et tube varying automatically.

2. A carbureter having a jet tube that is provided intermediate its ends with a plurality of eduetion ports that are always open and which are located. at different levels, means for supplying liquid fuel to the lower end of said jet tube, and means for causing air to-pass downwardly around said tube and thus va orize the fuel thatriscs in said tube an emerges from the ports therein when a suction is created in the mixing; chamber of the carhuretcr. the level of the fuel in said tube var ing automati ally as the suction in the mix" chamber varies.

3. A carburetor comprising a vertically and a mixing chamber cmnmumcating with the lower end of said niembcr so that air will be drawn downwardly through said member when a suction is created in the mixing chamber, the airthat is drawn down through said member causing. the fuel to rise automatically in the. jet tube and escape through the ports therein and thus be vaporized by said air.

"4. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, a float chamber adapted to contain liquid fuel. a jet. tube communicating with said float chamber and having its upper end closed, said -tube being provided with a plurality of eduction ports located at diil'erent levels that permit the fuel in said tube to escape laterally in the form of a fine spray or plurality of jets, and a member surrounding said jet tube to form an air assageway, the lower end of said member lieing in communication with the mixint, chamber and the upper end of said member being so constructed that air can enter same and travel downwardly into the. mixing chamber when a suction is treated in said mixing chamber, said downwardly rushing 'air causing a partial vacuum to be cr ated 1n the et tube and thus causing the. liquid. fuel to rise and fall in said tube as the sac tionin the mixing chamber varies.

5. A carburetor comprising a mixing chamber, a float chamber, a vertically disposed jet tube having its upper end closed and its lower end communicating with the float; chamber so as to receive fuel therefrom, said tube being, provided intermediate its ends \vitha number of fine perforations located at different levels, and an approximately tubular-shaped ineinlwr surrouudinq said jet tube and having its upper end open to the atmosphere, the lower end of said member communicating with the mixing: chamber so that. air will flow downwardly around the jet tube when a suction is created in the mixing chamber and thus acute a partial vacuum in the jet tube which causes K -the fuel to rise therein and escape through 5 said perforations.

6.-A carburetor comprising a mixing chamher, a vertically disposed tube having its upper end closed. means for supplying liquid fuel to the lower end of said tube, said tube being so constructed that the fuel therein can escape latcrall at dilicrent levels intermediate the ends of the tube, means for causing air to pass downwardly around said tube when a suction is created in the mixing chamber so as to vaporize the fuel that emerges from the tube and also create a partial vacuum in the upper portion of the tube which causes the level of the fuel in said tube to vary, and separate means for supplying air to the mixing chamber.

7. A carbureter provided with a vertically disposed jet tube having a plurality of eduction ports located in dilt'erent. horizontal planes and being always open, the upper end of said jet tube being closed, a minim, chamber, an air pipe located outside of the mixing chamber and surrounding said jet tube, the lower end of said air pipe communicating with the mixing chamber so that.- air will be drawn down through said pipe when a suction is created in the mixing chamber and thus create a partial vacuum in the jet tube which causes the level of the fuel therein to vary, and an automatic valve for admitting air into the mixing chamber when the suction in said mixing chamber reaches a certain degree.

8. A carburetor provided with a member that formsa float chamber, a valve for admitting liquid fuel into said float chamber, a float in said member for controlling said valve, a jet tube communicating with the float chamber for receiving the fuel therein and being provided with a plurality of ports located at different levels so that the. supply of fuel which emerges from the jet tube will vary as the level of the fuel in said tube changes, a mixing chaml'icr, and means for causing air to travel downwardly around the exterior of said tube to mix with the fuel that emerges from the jet tube and then pass into the mixing chamber when a suction is created in said mixihg chamber.

9. Acarburcter couprising a mixing chamber, a float chamber. a fl at for controlling the valve that admits fuel into said that.

chamber. a vertically disposed tube comnmuicatin; with the float chamber and provhlcd with a number of fine eduction ports located at different levels thut'pcrmit the fuel therein to escape in the form of a fine spray, and an air pipe surrounding the jet communicating with the atmosphere, a mix- I at different levels as the level of the fuel varies.

that forms a st.;rtin reservoir, said ortion -shaped portion, a vertically disposed jet i 10. carbureter provided with a vertically disposed air pipe having its upper end chamber communicating with the lower of Said pipe so as to draw air down through same when a suction is created in said mixing chamber, a jet tube arranged inside of said air pipe and provided intermediate its ends with a lurality of eduction ports located atdi erent levels, and means for supplying liquid fuel to the lower end of said et tube, the upper end of said tube being closed so that a partial vacuum will be created therein by the air rushing down the air pipe and thus causing the liquid fuel to rise'in the jet tube and esca e laterally through the eduction ports therein 11. A carbureter provided 'with an approximately tubular-shaped member that ornis a water chamber, means for conduct ing water into and out of said chamber, an air pipe extending through said member and having its lower end communicating with the mixin chamber of the carbureter and its u per e115 communicating with the atmosp ere so that air will be drawn down through same when a'suction is created in the mixing chamber, and a vertically disposed jet tube arranged inside of said air pipe and communicating with a sup 1y of liquid fuel, said tube being provide with ports located at different levels so that the fuel which emerges therefrom will vary as the suction in the mixing chamber varies. 12. A carbureter provided with an approximately cup-shaped member that forms a float chamber, an approximately tubularshaped portion on one side of said member having its lower ent closed, a duct eading from the float chamber into said tubular tube communicatin with said duct and provided with a plurality c1 ports that perm t fuel to escape therefrom into said starting reservoir, some of said port-s being lower than the normal level of the fuel in the float chamber, removable top for said cupshaped member, a mixing chamber carried by said top, an approximately tub'ulari shaped member carried by said top to form a water chamber, and an air pipe arrai iged inside of said tubular-shaped member and surrounding said jet tube, the upper end of said air pipe being exposed to the atmos-' phere and the lower end of said air pipe projecting into the starting reservoir and communicating with the mixing chamber.

. 13. A carbureter provided with a float chamber, a vertically disposed jet tube communicating with said float chamber and provided with a plurality of ports that, permit 1 lar-shaped member surrounding the air pipe to form a water chamber, and a removable device carried by said tubular-shaped memher for clam ing the jet tube in position.

14. A cariiureter comprising a mixing chamber, means for vaporizing the liquid fuel and conducting it into said mixing chamber, a hinged or swinging air valve for admitting air into the mixing chamber, a swinging spring for holding said valve seated, and means whereby said spring can be bodily shifted by a erson stationed some distance from the car ureter so as to vary the tension which said spring exerts on the opening movement of the air valve.

15. A carbureter comprising a mixing chamber, means for vaporizing liquid fuel and conducting it into said mixing chamber, a swinging valve for admitting air intothe mixing chamber, a sprin for holdin said valve seated, and means or bodily shifting said spring to vary the tension which it exerts on the opening movement of said air valve.

16. A carbureter provided with a mixing chamber, an air .valve for admitting air into the mixing chamber, a swinging member that rCflIllS saiuair valve, a manually operable ropk arm, and a coiled spring connected to sald rock arm and to the member that can ries the air valve in such a mann'cvthat movement of said rock arm bodily shifts said spring and thus varies the tension which it exerts on the opening movement of the air valve.

17. A carburetor comprising a m'ming chamber, means for vaporizing fuel and in troducing it into said mixing chamber, an air valve for admitting air into the mixing chamber, a swinging member carry mg said air valve, a spring for holdin said va 'e seated, and means for bodily shifting said spring to vary the tension which it exerts on the air valve.

18. A carbureter provided with a mixing chamber, a valve for admitting air into said I chamber, a pivotally mounted arm carrying said valve, a coiled spring hav ng its lower end pivotally connected to said arm, and means for swingin the upper end of said spring to bodily shii t tension which it exerts on the opening movement of the air valve.

19. A carburetor provided with a mixing chamber, means for mixing liquid fuel with air and conducting it into said mixing cham- 125 Y I her, an auxiliary air valve for admitting air into the mixing chamber, a pivotally mounted arm carrying said valve, a manually opsame and thus vary the arable rock arm whme. free end is adapted i e to move toward and away frun the pivot of the valve-carrying arm, and a coiled spring I connected to the free end of said ruck arm and to the arm that carries the valve.

16 -into the mixing chamber, a hinged. arm that carries said valve, a coiled spring for holdmg said valve seated, means for shortening m lengthening said spring, and independent meflni for bodily shifting said spring to vary the tension which it exerts on the opening 15 movement of the air valve.

In testimun hereof I hereunto :ifiix my signature in the pi'eeence of two witnesses, this twenty-seventh day of August 1908.

WILLIAM C. CARTER.

Witnesses "nnns L. CHURCH, GEORGE BAKEWELL.

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