US959059A

US959059A - Adding and subtracting machine.

Info

Publication number: US959059A
Application number: US45107608A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles F Kettering
Original assignee: NCR Corp
Current assignee: NCR Voyix Corp; National Cash Register Co
Priority date: 1908-08-31
Filing date: 1908-08-31
Publication date: 1910-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 1927-05-24

Description

191 bu case G. P. KETTERING. ADDING AND SUBTRAOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1908.

Patented May 24, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. I. KETTERING.

ADDING AND SUB'IRAOTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1908.

Patented May 24, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W @W I Q vi lucasco Q9. A. W

G. F. KETTERING.

ADDING AND SUBTRAGTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 31, 1908.

959,059. Patented May 24, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

HHHHHHHW"""" DH D UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES E. KETTERING, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COHIANY, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO, (INCORPORATED Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 24, 1910.

Application filed August 31, 1908. Serial No. 451,076.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. Kn'rrnn- ING, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding and Subtracting Machines, of which I declare the following to be a 'full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to totalizing-devices for accounting machines.

Among its objects are to provide a totalizing device to which amounts may be added or from which amounts may be subtracted by mechanism which is designed for adding only. A

A further object of the invention is to provide a totalizing device which may be either backwardly or forwardly rotated by mechanism when differentially moved in one direction only.

Another object is to provide mechanism for changing the position of the totalizing device wlth respect to the actuating mechanism and by so doing ehangingthe direction of rotation of the totalizing devices when the actuatin mechanism is operated.

Another object '18 to provide mechanism which is operated by the driving mechanism of the machinefor so positioning the totalizer.

Another object is to provide a totalizer with duplicate registering members for each denomination of the totalizer arranged so as to oppositely actuate each other when one set is operated.

Another object is to provide an accounting machine wherein means are provided for automatically restoring the mechanism to adding position after a subtracting operation.

Another object is to provide an accounting machine with a subtracting key which may be released hy'hand or will be released by the machine at-the completion of the subtractin operation. 7

Anot er object is to provide means ror alining the totalizer with the actuating segments in either adding or subtracting relations with the segments when the totalizer is rocked into mesh with the segments.

With these and incidental objects in wow, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in the appended specification and a preferred form of embodiment of which is hereinafter described with reference to the drawings which accompany and form part of the specification.-

Of s'a'id drawings: Figure 1 is a side elevation of an accountingmachine furnished with a totalizer and controlling mechanism constructed according to this invention. The frame of the machine is shown in section. Fig.- 2 is a top plan view of the totalizer and of part of the mechanism for shifting it into adding or subtracting position. Fig-3 is a front elevation of the totalizer and some associated mechanism. Fig. 4' is a longitudinal section of one denominational element of the totalizer. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of one of the transfer pawls. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of rt of the mechanism which serves to shi the totalizer into adding or subtracting positions. Fig. 7 is a sectional view showln art of the driving mechanism and part oi tiie printer. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the relative positions of the transfer pins on the adding and substracting gears of the totalizer when the totalizer is at the zero position.

As stated above, the main object of the invention is to provide an improved form of adding and subtracting machine.

It is well known in the art to be possible to subtract on any machine desi ned for adding by a process known as a din-g the complement. This process consists in adding to a number already on the totalizer of the machine the complement of the number which is desired to be subtracted, and will clearly give the correct result, but it is to be noted that this operation requires considerable thought on the opera-tors part todecide on the true complement and moreover has a number of disadvantages. One of the greatest disadvantages is the transfer thereby given to higher denominations though this may be corrected by the process known as-rnnning off the nines, consisting in the depression of the nine keys of all the banks hi her than the ones employed. A further isadvanta' e consists in the fact that the number a ded in the units place, that is, the complement number, is computed on a different system from the complement numbers of the higher orders. Taken together, therefore, these two disadvantages amount to a great deal in the commercial operation of such a machine. It is also possible to subtract by a reverse movement of the operating devices for the register, obtained by changing the timing of throwing in the register or totalizing members, but this method is open to the objection that it requires some complication to cause this change of timing, and it further in most cases, requires two sets of transfer devices, thereby adding to the expense and liability of errors of the apparatus.

The present invention aims to give a construction superior to either of the types above referred to by providing two members for each denomination of the totalizer, so connected that either one of them may drive the other and so positioned that either one of them may be connected to the main operating devices. By this construction no change in timing of engagements between the totalizer elements and the operating devices is necessary, and only one set of transfer devices needs to be employed.

This invention relates particularly to the construction of the totalizer and mechanism for positioning the same into adding or subtracting positions. The totalizer comprises a plurality of denominational elements each of which elements consists of a pair of gears and intermediate gearing between the pair, which when one of the gears is rotated will efi'ect an opposite rotation of its companion gear. One of the sets of cars is, or may be, furnished with the usua numbered drums so that the operator may read the particular position of the gears but this is not necessary as printing devices which may be controlled by the gears, may be operated at any time to indicate the extent of rotation of the gears.

Means are provided for shiftin the totalizer in a longitudinal or axial irection so that either one or the other of the sets of gears, i. 6., one gear in each denominational element of the totalizer, may be brought into operative relation with the actuating devices for the totalizer. If it is desired to subtract an amount which is set up on the keyboard it will only be necessary to depress the subtracting key in order to effect the positioning of the totalizer for a subtracting operation while if it is desired to add an amount to the totalizer the machine need only be operated in the usual Way leaving the subtractin key in its undepressed position, the position of the subtractin key determining whether or not the tota izer will be shifted to subtracting position upon an operation of the machine. The totalizer is supplied with the usual guard with openings for reading the numbers and the guard is arranged to move with the totalizer when it is longitudinally shifted so that the totalizer may be read in either its adding or subtracting positions.

This invention is shown in the drawin as applied to the well known Burrougfi; adding machine which is described in the gatent to W. S. Burrou hs, No. 504963, of

eptember 12, 1893. T e Burroughs machine, as is the case with a great number of adding 0 erations so that the same principle of trans er may be used.

Oscillatory actuating segments are used in the Burroughs machine to actuate the total- 1zer and are returned to zero position after each operation; the totalizer being meshed with the actuating segments upon the return of the same. The actuating segments are stopped at their return to zero position by pivoted arms or pawls which extend into their paths. These pawls are arranged to be tripped by counter pinions of lower orders when said pinions make a complete rotation, and thereby permit their respective segments to pass the zero position one unit of movement so that the inion of next higher order to the one which tripped the pawl will rotate an additional unit and thereby record the complete rotation of the pinion of lower order.

Each totalizer pinion of the present invention carries means for tripping the transfer pawls, and as either set of pinions will rotate in the same direction when actuated by the segments whether an amount is being added or subtracted the same transferring device may be used.

Briefly stated the Burroughs addingmachine is arranged as follows: The keyboard comprises a number of banks of keys bank for each denomination of the totalizer. The keys in each bank are numbered from one at the bottom to nine at the to The one different banks of keys and di erential by a latch which is arranged to release the segment upon the depression of any key in its respective bank. The segments are prevented from' lowering too fast through the action of their springs by an oscillating frame which supports the segments and which is so controlled by the driving mechanism as to lower at a desirable speed; the segments being stopped b those of the before mentionedstops which are brought into their paths by the depression of keys. When the segments are at rest in their lowcred positions, the totalizer is brought. into mesh therewith and the oscillating frame is then rocked upwardly to return all of the segments to their zero positions and to thereby cause the rotation ofthe different pinions in the totalizer according to the extent that the segments were moved downwardly. If any transfer pa-wls are tripped upon the return of the segments, the segments which are controlled by the transfer pawls which are tripped will move up an additional unit and thereby turn in the transfer to their respective totalizer pinions. The extra unit of movement of the segments which is used for transferring is accomplished by means of a spring connection between the segments and their carrying arms. a

The springs which actuate the segments when they are moved downwardly are connected to the carrying arms of the segment and do not prevent relative movement between the segments and their carrying arms. Each of the carrying arms of the different segments has a part extending rearwardly from the shaft upon which the arms are mounted, which rearward extensions carry type arranged so that the type of the proper value will be brought to the printing line when the segments are rocked different degrees as controlled by the keyboard. The type are slidably mounted upon the carry- .ing arms for the segments and are actuated by hammers which strike the rear of the type and force the same against the stripef paper against the action of springs wh ch bear between the type and their carrying arms. The hammers are .arranged to be actuated when the segments are at rest in their lowered positions and before the oscillating frame begins to move upwardly.

The above descriptionrelates to the printing of the individual amounts whichare set up on the keyboard. If it is desired to print the total amount which has been added to the totalizer none of the value keys are depressed but instead a special totalizing key is depressed which serves to unlatch all of theactuating segments so that they may all bemoved downwardl when the machine is: operated. The totallzi-ng key also controls the mechanism which moves actuating segments so that the totalizer will be in mesh with the segments during their full downward stroke. In totalizing operations, the downward stroke of the segments is limited by thepinions with which they are meshed because of pins which are carried by said pinions engaging a non-camming surface of the transfer pawl when the pinions are backwardly rotated to zero positions. The pins which are carried by the pinions are stopped in totalizing operations when the'zero po: sitions are reached and so also prevent further movement of their respective actuating segments, the segments being stopped at a position-to bring type to the printing line of a value which corresponds to the extent of backward rotation of the pinions. The

printing hammers are then actuated as usual and so print the total amount which has been added to the totalizer. The totalizer is then either unmeshed with the actuating segments so that the totalizcr will remain at zero position or permitted to remain in mesh with the tota-lizer segments so that upon the return of the segments the totalizer pinions will be again forwardly rotated to their original positions. In one case the total amount is printed and the totalizer is left in zero or its reset position while in the other case the total alone is printed without resetting so that new amonnts which are added to the totalizer will be added to the amount of which a total has been printed.

The mechanism which is common to the Burroughs adding machine and is shown in the drawings will now be pointed out with reference to the drawings. The value keys are shown at 10, Fig. 1. The one key'is located nearest the front of the machine and the keys run up to nine at the rear of the machine. Each key bears upon a bell-crank lever 11 which is pivoted at 12 and when a key is depressed will be rocked so as to draw its respective rod or wire 13 into the path of the lug 14 of its respective actuating segment. The wires 13 are bent over at their ends15 so as to extend across the edge of the segments. The segments travel in guide ways 16 which are slotted at 17 to receive the bent part of the wires 13 and thereby support the same so as not to become easily bent or broken. Each 'of the hellcranl; levers 11 extend through a slot in the i8 and when rocked will bear against the edge of the slot so as to slide the piate l8 hackwardly. The plates 18 have sent forward ends 19 which extend in under part 20 of segment iatches 21 and when a" plate 18 is slid backwardly it will rock the latch 21 upon its pivot 22 and cause the same to release its respective segment. The seg-- ments of the banks in which keys have been depressed are then free to move downwardly under the action of their springs 23 (see Fig. 17) with the exception of being retained by the oscillating frame 24 which extends in under the arms 25 of all of the segments and which frame is caused to rock downwardly when the drive shaft 26 is oscillated. The drive shaft 26 is oscillated once during each operation of the machine through an angle of about 90 degrees and is so connected with the frame 24 as to cause the same to be rocked downwardly a distance sufiicient to permit the totalizer actuating segments to move downwardly the full nine units of movement if necessary. The frame 24 is actuated by a slotted cam mounted upon the shaft 27. The cam is not shown in the drawings but the shaft 27 is oscillated by means of a spring 28 which connects an arm 29 mounted upon the shaft 27 with the.

arm 30 which is mounted upon a shaft 31. The shaft-3l also carries an arm 32 which is connected by a link 33 with segment 34 which is rigid with the drive shaft 26. The object of the spring connection 28 is to regulate the speed of oscillation of the shaft 27 so that if the operating handle which is usually mounted upon the shaft 26 is operated by a fast or erky motion, the spring connection 28 will allow the shaft 27 to semewhat lag behind the shaft 26 and thereby move more uniformly. The actuating segments then follow the frame downwardly until stopped by the bent part of the wires 11.3 which have been moved into their paths.

The totalizer is arranged to move out of mesh with the segments before the same start to move downwardly. It is mounted between a pair of

arms

36 and 37 which are mounted upon the shaft 38. The arm 36 carries pins 39 and 40. The pin 39 is located above the pivot of the arm 36 and the pin 40 is located below the pivot of the arm 36 and a reciprocating arm 41 is mounted so as to normally engage the pin 39 and rock the totalizer on its pivot 38 into or out of mesh with the actuatin segments according to the reciprocation o the arm 41. The rear end of the arm 41 is pivoted at 42 to the central arm 43 of a three-armed lever 44 which is pivoted at 45 to the frame of the machine. The arms 46 and 47 of the lever 44 have mounted thereon pins 48 and 49 res ectively. A double actin pawl 50 pivota 1y mounted upon the oscil ating arm 51 which is rigid with the shaft 27 alternately engages the

pins

48 and 49 when the shaft 27 1s oscillated and so rocks the lever 44 upon its pivot 45 and causes the reciprocation of the arm 41 which is pivoted to the lever 44. The alternate strokes of the arm 41 occur one at the beginning of the operation of the machine before the segments move downwardly and so rocks the totalizer out of mesh and the other when the segments are at rest in the lowered positions and so returns the, totalizer into mesh at this time. The rocking frame 24 is now returned toits upper position carrying with it all segments which have been lowered and as the totalizer remains in mesh during the return stroke it willnbe rotated a distance corresponding to such movement of the segments and so the amount which has been set up on the keyboard will be recorded upon the totalizer.

\Vhen the actuating segments are at rest in their lowered positions the printing hammers 52 are actuated to force the particular type 53 which have been brought to printing position against the paper and ink ribbon, which are arranged to be fed between the type and the platen 54, and-cause the printing of the amount which has been set up on the keyboard. The operation of the printing mechanism is fully described in patent to W. S. Burroughs-No. 505,078 of September 12, 1893.

\Vhen any of the totalizer nimons pass from 9 to 0 the in or cam carried bv the pinion strikes the surface 55 of the trans fer pawls 56 (see Figs. 1 and 5) and rocks the pawl rearwardly upon its pivot 57. The edge 58 of the transfer pawl is ordinarily in the path of a pin 59 mounted upon the actuating segments 35 but when the pawl is rocked rearwardly in a transferring operation the edge 58 of the awl will be rocked out of the path of the pin 59 and allow the segment 35 which is controlled thereby to pass its zero position, at which position the awl ordinarily stops the segment. In do- 1ng so it rotates its respective counter pinion.

an additional unit of movement. The extra unit of movement of the semnent 35 is accom ished by the spring 60 .which is stretched between the arm 25 which carries the segment 35 and the lower end of the segment. The segment has a slot and pin connection 61 with the arm 25 so that the segment may be free to move an additional unit of movement when the transfer pawl is rocked out of its path. As the extra unit of movement does not occur immediately upon the tripping of the transfer pawl but only when these ent reaches its upper zero position, paw detents 62 are provided which when the pawl is tripped rock over the part 63 of the pawl and hold it in a tri pod position. The detents 62 are actuated by springs 64 extending from the ends of the detents 62 to the transfer pawls 56 and are restored to normal position upon the next operation of the machine during the downward stroke of the frame 24 by arod which is arranged to engage the rear extensions 65 of the detents. This rod and the arms which rock it and some other details are not shown in the drawings as they would unnecessarily complicate the same, but if desired a descri tion of them may be found in the aforesai patents.

The transfer pawls 56 are bent at 66 so that the art 58 will be in the path of the pin 59 o the next hi her segment than the one which operates t e pinion causing the t-rip'of the t ansfer paw The recip ocating arm 41 is suspended from a totalizing key (not shown) which when do )ressed will lower the arm 41 so that it will he in operative relation with the pin 40 on the arm 36 instead of the pin 39. By operating the machine when the parts are in this position with'the totalizing key depressed the totalizer will not be rocked out of mesh before the segments are downwardly moved but will be rocked out of mesh when the segments are at rest in their lowered positions, so that the segments will not affect the totalizer when they are returned, but will leave the totalizer at zero. In totalizing operations, the extent of downward movement of the segments is controlled by the transfer ins engaging the non-camming surface 67 0 the p'awls which stop the. segments when they have moved downwardly an extent corresponding to the amount which has been added to the totalizer, When the segments are n their lowered positions, the printing hammers are operated in the usual way and so cause a printed record of the amount which had been added to the totalizer.

The mechanism thus far described is not a part of the present invention which comprises means whereby the above principle of actuating the tot-alizer and transfer device may be used in subtracting operations as well as in operations of addition without any change in said mechanism. In fact, the form of totalizer here shown may be easily fitted to a great variety of adding machines so that they may be used for subtracting operations as well, and is illustrated in connection with the'Burroughs machine merely as an illustration.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of one denominational element of the totalizer of the present invention. It comprises a pair of pinions 70 and 71. Each of the pinions has rigidly secured theretoa bevel gear 7 2. The

bevel gears 72 mesh with an intermediate bevel pinion 73. The gear 71 may carry a numbered drum 74, as is usual with most totalizers and it is this gear which is directly in mesh with its res ective segment when amounts are being addhd to the totalizer so that the total amount may be read from the drums 74. If it is desired to subtract from the totalizer, the totalizer is moved longitudinally so that the gears 70 will be brought into operative relation with the segments instead of the gears 71, thus when the se ments actuate the gears 70, the gears 71 will be backwardly rotated because of the intermediate gear between the gears 70 and 71. The extent of backward rotation of the gears 71 is of course controlled in the same way by the keyboard as is the forward rotation of the gears 71 in adding operations, and the drums 74 will indicate the difference between the amount which was on the totalizer and the amount subtracted therefrom. The gears 70 and 71 with their bevel gears 72 are mounted upon the totalizer shaft 75 b ing spaced from the next pair by collars 76. The shaft 75 is rigidly fixed in the supporting

arms

36 and 37 so as to be prevented from rotating, and the bevel pinions are journaled on studs 77 which are screwed into the. shaft 75, as may be seen from Fig. 4.

For the purpose of shifting the totalizer in a longitudinal direction, the carrying

arms

36 and 37 for the same are Slidably mounted on the shaft 38 and the collar 7 8 of the arm 36 is grooved to receive a non oscillating supporting arm 80 which carries a stud 81 which stud co-acting with a cam slot- 82 in one end of the lever 83 which is pivoted at 84 to a fixed support 85. The other end of the lever 83 is connected to a link 86 which when moved in the direction of the arrow 87 (Figs. 2 and 6) will rock the lever 8.3 so that the s ot 8 wi l eng ge the pin 31 and thereby shift the totalizer so that the gears 70 will be brought into operative relation with the segments. The link 86 connects the lever 83 with a lever 88 which is pivoted at .89 to one arm of a bell-crank lever 90 (s e Figs. 1 and, 6), The upper arm 91 of the bell-crank lever is pivoted to a subtraction key 92. The subtraction key is depressible against the action of the 'spring 93 and passes through a slot in the late 94 and by being rocked slightly backward when being depressed will be retained in its depressed position by the lug 95 engaging the edge of the Slot in the plate 94. The depression of the subtraction key rocks the bell-crank lever 90 upon its pivot 96 and through the pivotal connection 89 between the bell-crank lever 91, and the lever 88 will cause the lever 88 to be rocked on its pivotal connection 97 with the link 86, and thereby bring the roller 98 which is carried by the lever 88 to its dotted position which is shown at .98 (Fig. 1). The arm 99 which is rigid with the shaft 26 and has a v shaped camming slot 100, is rocked upwardly at the time the rocking frame 24 is lowered so that the V-shaped slot will engage the roller 98 at this time and return the same to its initial position thereby rocking the lever 88 upon its pivot 89 and so pulling the link 86 in the direction of the arrow 87 (Fig. 2) and shift the totalizer to subtracting relation with the actuating segments. At the time the cam 99 acts upon the roller 98, the bell-crank lever 90 is prevented from rocking because of the subtraction key being latched to the plate 94.

The totalizer will be out of mesh when this shifting occurs as the cam 99 is so timed as not to actuate the lever 88 until the totalizer has been moved out of mesh, but the totalizer will be shifted into subtracting position before the segments are at rest in their lowstroke device 34 when the subtraction key is in its depressed position and the full stroke device returns to its initial position at the end of a subtracting operation. When the pawl 101 is so rocked on its pivot 102 it engages the pin 104 on the shank of the subtraction key and rocks it on the pivot 102 to disengage the lug 95 from the plate 94 and permit the subtraction key to return to its upper position it being drawn up by the spring 93. The pawl 101 is normally held in the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1 by the spring 105. on the forward movement of the full stroke 34 it rocks the pawl 101 idly.

All of the pinions of the totalizerwhether of the set 71 which is operated upon by the actuating segment when amounts are added to the totalizer or of the set which are operated upon when amounts'are subtracted from the totalizer carry pins 121 which are arranged to trip the transfer pawls 56 after the pinions have made a complete rotation which occurs in adding operations when the pinions pass from the nine to the zero position and in subtracting operations when the pinions. pass from zero to nine. Each time a pinion trips a transfer pawl it accomplishes the rotation of the next higher pinion of its set an additional unit of movement. If the actuatin segments are operating upon the set 71 o the totalizer pinions in a transferring operation the pinions 71 of the next higher denomination will be forwardly rotated an additional unit, while if the segments are operating on the set 70 of the totalizer pinions, the inions 70 in transferring operations will e ect the rotation of the pinion 70 of next higher order an additional unit of movement forwardly but its companion pinion 71 will move an additional unit backwardly as is required in transferring in subtracting operations. I It is necessar to prevent accidental rotation of the totaiizer pinions when the totalizer is moved out of mesh with the actuating segments. A piece of sheet metal 109 is provided for this purpose which is bent to the form of a tooth cut away at 122 to clear the numbered drums of the totalizer which will co-act with the teeth of the totalizer pinions so as to aline the same and prevent their rotation when moved.out of mesh with the actuating segments. The alining member 109 extends entirely across the lower side of the totalizer and is supported by arms 110 mounted in grooves in the

collars

68 and 78 of the supporting arm of the totalizer and being so supported always moves with the totalizer when the same is shifted longitudinally. One of the arms 110 has a rearward extension 111 which carries the in 112 which co-acts with the fork in a bel crank lever 113. The bell crank lever is pivoted to the frame at 114 and has an arm 115 which co-acts with apair of notches at the lower end of the arm 36 which is one of the pair of arms upon which the totalizer is mounted. When the totalizer is moved out of mesh with the actuatin .segments the V-shaped art 116 which is tween the notches at the ower end of the arm 36 engag s the arm 115 so as to rock the bell crank lei ,1 113 downwardly u on its pivot 114. The forked end of the bell crank lever engages the pin 112 upon the arm 110 and rocks the alining teeth 109 into engagement with the totalizer. before the totalizer is fully unmeshed with the actuating segments and remains in' enagement all the time that the totalizer is in its out of gear position. Likewise when the totalizer is moved into mesh with the actuating segments, the V-shaped part 106 on the arm 36 causes the alining teeth 109 to follow the totalizer until the same be 'ns to mesh with the actuating segments. en the V- shaped part 116 passes the highest point on the arm 115 and allows the same to s ring upwardly and thereby move the a ining teeth 109 clear of the totalizer. The totalizer will always engage either the actuating segments or the alining teeth, even when the totalizer is being moved in a longitudinal direction in order to change from an adding operation to a subtracting operation or vice versa. The shift of the totalizer in a longitudinal direction of course always occurs when the totalizer is engaged by the alining tooth 109 and is entirely out of mesh with the actuating se ments:

The lower supportin ro 123 for 'thc guide-way 16 is notche at 124 and 125 to receive the supporting

arms

36 and 37 for the totalizer, when the totalizer is rocked into mesh with the actuating se ents with the totalizer in either the ad ing or subtracting positions and toaline the totalizer in either of the two positions, and also to lock it against shifting in a longitudinal direction when in mesh.

The bell crank lever 113 has a rearwardly extending arm 117 upon which is mounted a roll or pin 118, which co-acts with a downward extension 119 of the lever 51 so that the arm 115 of the bell crank lever 113 will prevent any shifting of the totalizer into or out of mes except at the ends of the alternate strokes of the lever 51. This is important because of course the totalizer should not be meshed or unmeshed except when the segments are either in their upper position or at rest in their lower position.

The operation of the machine is as follows: If it is desired to add an amount to the totalizer the keys 10 which represent such an amount will first be depressed; thensegments of the banks in, whic keys had been depressed and also operatethe latches.

21 to release such segments. The frame 24 is rocked downwardly upon the oscillation of the shaft 26 and allows the segments to follow, being drawn downwardly by their springs 23 until stopped by the bent parts of the rods 13 which are in their paths. the starting of the oscillation of the shaft 26 and before the segments'start to move down wardly, the pawl 50 on the arm 51 engages the pin 48 and rocks the three-armed lever 43 upon its pivot 45 and forces the arm 41 in the direction of the arrow 120 (Fig. 1) which arm engages the pin 39 on the arm 36 and rocks the totalizer out of mesh with the actuating segments. When the segments are in their lowered positions, the pawl engages the pin 49 on the lever 43 and so returns the totalizer into mesh. The frame 24 is then returned picking up the segments which had been lowered and rocking the same upwardly to their zero positions, also causing the segments to rotate their respective counter pinions the desired amount. If any of the pinions pass from nine to zero after having made a complete rotation the pins 121 of suchpinions will strike their respective transfer pawls 56 and rock the same backwardly upon their pivots 57 andso move the part 58 of the pawls out of the paths of the pins 59 on the segments of next higher order than the ones which operate the pinions which effect the transfer. The said segments will then be free to-move upwardl an additional unit under the action oft e spring 60 and so record the complete rotationof the totalizer pinions of lower order on the pinions of next higher order. The extent of downward movement of the se ent-s determines which of the type 53 is rought opposite the rinting line and when the segments are in t eir lowered positions, the hammers areactuated to press actuating segments 35 move downwardly extents determined by the ke s which are depressed, out of mesh with t e totalizer as in operations of addition. The arm 41 acts upon the pin 39 on the supporting'arm 36 for the totalizer, the same as in operations of addition to hold the totalizer out of mesh during the downward stroke of the segments and then move the totalizer into mesh at the beginning of the return of the operation handle and to allow them to remain in mesh during the return of the segments, but in subtracting operations, while the se ments are moved downwardly and the tota izer is out of mesh, the cam lever 99 will move upwardly and return the roll 98 from its position indicated by 98 and to which it was moved by the depression of the subtracting key to its initial position thereby rocking the lever 88 on its pivotal connection 89 with the bell crank lever 91 and pulling the link 86 in the direction indicated by the arrow 87 (Fig. 2) so that the lever 83 will be rocked upon its pivot 84 and through camming against the pin 81 which is secured'to the totalizer frame cause the totalizer to be shifted to the right. (See Fig. 3-). This will bring the set of pinions opposite the actuating segments so 'that upon the return of the segments to their initial positions, the segments will rotate the pinions 70 forwardly and thereby reversely rotate the pin; ion 71 whereby the amount which has been set up on the keyboard will be subtracted from the pinions 71 and the difference will be indicated on the drums 74 which are rigid with the pinions 70. Every time any of the drums 74 are backwardly rotated a com lete rotation it is necessary to subtract one Trom the drum of next higher order to record the complete backward rotation of the drum, just the reverse of adding operations, wherein it is necessary to rotate the drum of next higher order an additional unit of movement forwardly for each complete rotation of any of the drums 74.

In subtracting operations, the p1ns 121 carried by the totalizer pinions 70 actuate the transfer pawls 56 and the segments controlled thereby the same as do the pins 121 on the pinions 71 in operations of addition. Upon t ecompletion of an o eration when the segment rack 34 reaches its home position it engages the lower end of the pawl 101 and causes the upper end thereof to engage the'pin 103 of the subtraction key and rock the subtraction key out of engaging position with the plate 94 and so permit the key to return to its initial position. The bell crank lever 91 rocks back to its former position upon the rise of the subtraction key and in so .doing rocks the lever 88 upon its pivot 9 .nd brings the roll 98 to the position indicated at 98 (Fig. 1). Then upon the next operation of the machine, the totalizer will be automatically shifted to adding position unless the subtraction key is again depressed in which case the roller 98 would be returned to its central position and the totalizer left in its subtracting position, the roller 98 remaining unaffected upon the rise of the cam arm 99; but if the subtraction key is allowed to remain in its upper position and an amount is set up on the keyboard to be added to the totalizer, the machine will operate as usual except that the cam 99 will cause the roller 98 to be shifted from the position indicated at 98 to the normal central position and thereby rock the lever 88 upon its pivot 89 and throughthe link 86 return the lever 83 to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 2 and thereby cam the totalizer back to its adding position so that when the actuating segments 35 are returned, the amount which has been set up on the keyboard will be added upon the totalizer. It will thus be seen that the positioning of the totalizer is automatically caused by the machine operation, under control of the subtraction key. Normally the roller 98'is.in the position of Fig. 1, and it remains in that position as 10112 as additions only are made. If the subtraction key is depressedthe roller is thereby moved to the position 98 is then restored to central position by cam 99, thereby moving the totalizer to subtracting position, and is finally moved ,to the position 98 by restoration of the subtracting key. If the next operation is a subtraction the depression of the subtracting key will move the roller again to central position, in which the cam'99 has no effect, and the totalizer therefore, is unmoved. On the other hand, if the next operation is an addition, the cam 99 will engage roller 98 in its position 98 and restore it to central position thereby restoring the totalizer to its normal adding position. It may here be noted that in adding operations the transfer pawls are tripped when the totalizer drums pass from nlne to zero while in subtracting operations the transfer pawls are tripped when the totalizer drums pass from zero to nine and as during subtraction the drums rotate oppositely to the direction of rotation of the subtracting gears it is necessary to havethe pins 121 on gears 70 one step lower in the horizontal plane when all the pins are at zero osition, in order that in one case the trans er pawl will be trippedwhen the totalizer drums reach zero and in the other case when the totalizer drums reach nine. This arrangement is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 8 which shows one of the totalizer drums in its .zero position with the pins 121 on the adding gear, in full lines and the pin 121 on the subtracting gear in dotted l1nes..

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirably adapted all coining within the scope of the claims which follow.

lVhat is claimed is as follows:

1 In an accounting machine, the combinatlon with a totalizer, of driving mechanism for, the same, akeyboard which controls the driving mechanism, .the totalizer comprising different denominational elements each of which consists of a register gear arranged to be rotated in a forward direction by the driving mechanism and a companion gear arranged to backwardly rotate the register gear when the companion ar 1s meshed with the driving mechanlsm, means for shifting the totalizer to move the register gears out of mesh and the compan- 1OI1., g6aIS into 'mesh with the driving mechanism. r

2. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer of driving mechanism for the same,the totalizer comprisin different denominational elements each 0 which consists of a pair of accumulating gears said gears bein cared together so that rotation of one o t e gears will cause the opposite rotation of the other gear,

means for shifting the totalizer so that one or the other of the sets of gears may be meshed with the driving mechanism.

3. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer,'of driving mechanism for the same, means for controlling the driving mechanism, the totalizer consistin of a plurality of accumulating wheels, and a duplicate set of wheels, all of said wheels mounted in axial alinement, intermediate gears between the duplicate set and the accumulating wheels so that when one set of wheels is rotated the other set will be oppositely rotated.

4. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer, of driving mechanism for the same, means for controlling the oppositely 'rotated, and transfer devices,

which may be controlled by either set.

5, In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer of driving mechanism-for the same, a keyboard for controlling the drivin mechanism, the totalizer comprising di%erent denominational elements, each of which consists of a register wheel or gear arranged to be rotated m a forward direction by the driving mechanlsm and a companion wheel and intermediate gears between the two for backwardly rotating the register wheel when the com anion gear is meshed with the driving mec anism, and a shifting device for causing the companion gears tobe meshed with the driving mechanism, with connections for actuating said shifting device by the driving mechanism.

6. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of driving mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing. device consisting of pairs of gears and intermediate gears for each denomination, mechanism for shifting the totalizing device whereby either of the sets of gears may be brought to operative relation with the drivin mechanism, a key for controlling the shi ting mechanism so that the shifting mechanism will be actuated by the driving mechanism when the driving mechanism is operated.

key the lever will be rocked upon its pivot,

a member controlled by the driving mechanism which upon operation of the operating mechanism will rock the lever upon the point at which the key is secured thereto thus causing the shift of the totalizer.

8. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of driving mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing device consisting of two sets of gears one or the other of which may be meshed with the driving mechanism, intermediate gears for each denominational pair of gears, mechanism for shifting the totalizing device so that either of the sets of gears will be meshed with the driving mechanism, the shifting mechanism containing a lever pivotally con nected to the totalizmg device at one end, means for rocking the lever on its pivot, a device for pivotally securing the lever at some other point than its pivotal connection with the totalizin device, and means for rocking the lever rom said second pivot so as to cause the totalizer to be shifted.

9. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of driving mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing device consisting of two sets of gears, either of which may be meshed with the driving mechanism, intermediate gears for each denominational pair of gears, means for normally. retaining one set of gears in operative relation with the driving mechanism and mechanism for shifting the totalizing device so that the other of the sets of gears will be meshed with the driving mechanism, a key which when depressed controls said mechanism so that upon an operation of the machine the said. shift will occur, means for automatically releasing said key at the end of an operation and means whereby if the said key is not again depressed upon the next succeedin operation of the machine the totalizer will be restored to normal position before being actuated by the driving mechanism.

10. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of differential mechanism cont-rolled thereby, a totalizer arranged in respect to the differential mechanism to be rotated by the same in one direction only, the totalizer comprising duplicate registering members for each denomination of the same making two sets and arranged to oppositely actuate each other when one of the sets is operated, and means for causing either of the duplicate sets of registering members to be operatively connected with the differential mechanism.

11. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of differential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizer arranged in respect to the difi'erential mechanism to be rotated by the same in one direction only, the totalizer comprising two registering members for each denomination of the same, making two sets of registering members, said members being arranged to oppositely actuate each other when one or the other of the sets is operated, means for causing the difierential mechanism to operate upon either one or the other of the two sets of registering members.

12. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of differential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizer arran d to be 0 erated by the differential mec anism, a subtractin device which may be operatively connecte with the totalizer by movin the totalizer out of operative relation with the difierential mechanism and the subtracting device into operative relation with the differential mechanism and means for accomplishing the said movement.

13. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard of differential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizing device arranged to be actuated by the differential mechanism, the totalizing device comprlsing duplicate sets of registering members arranged to o positely actuate each other when actuate and means for causing either of the sets of registerin members to operatively connected wit the difierential mechanism.

14. In an accounting machine, the combination with manipulative devices of differen- V 15. In an accounting mac line, the combinae tion with manipulative devices and differential mechanism controlled thereby, of a totalizer, a key for controllingthe'relation between the differential mechanism and the totalizer so as to bring them to either an adding or a subtracting relation, means for retaining the key in its depressed posltion, and

means for automatically releasin the key at the completion of an operation 0 the differential mechanism.

16. In an accountmg machine, the combination with manipulative devices anddifi'erential mechanism controlled thereby, of a totalizer arranged to be actuated by the differential mechanism, the totalizer comprising two registering wheels for each denomination, a bevel gear secured to each registering wheel and an intermediate bevel pinion mounted between each pair of bevel gears of like denomination to transmit rotation of one to the other.

17. In an accounting-machine, the combination with a totalizer, of drivin mechanism for the same, means for di erentially operating the driving mechanism, the totalizer comprising a pair of accumulating wheels for each denomination of the same, all of said wheels being mounted u on a single shaft, each pair of the accumu ating wheels being geared together so that rotation of one wheel will cause the opposite rotation of the other wheel, and means for causing one or the-other of the sets of accumulating wheels to be operatively connected with the driving mechanism.

18. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer, of drivin mechanism for the same, means for di erentially operating the driving mechanism, the totalizer comprising a pair of accumulating wheels for each denomination of the same,-

all of said Wheels being mounted upona single shaft, each pair of the accumulating wheels being geared together so that rotation of one wheel will cause the opposite rotation of the -other wheel, and means for shifting totalizer in a longitudinal direction so that either one or the other of the sets of accumulating wheels will be operatively connected with the driving mechanism.

19. In an accounting machine, the combination with a keyboard, of differential mechanism controlled thereby, a totalizin device arranged to be actuated by the di erential mechanism, the totalizing device comprising duplicate sets of registering members arthe sets of registering members with the differential mechanism.

20. In an accounting machine, the combination with a totalizer.and differential mechanism for the same, of means for moving the totalizer into and out of mesh with the differential mechanism, the totalizer comprising two accumulating wheels for each denomination of the same arranged so that when one isrotated it will op ositely rotate the other, the accumulating w ieels being all mounted in axial alinement, means for shifting the totalizer in a longitudinal direction to bring different sets of accumulating Wheels opposite the differential mechanism and means for preventing the longitudinal shift when the totalizer is meshed with the differential mechanism.

21. In an accounting machine, the combination with a differentially adjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements with an intermediate gear connecting said pair, and means for engaging either of said pair of re istering elements-with the differentially a..justable mechanism.

22. In an accounting machine, the combination with a differentially adjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements, with a connectin gear therefor, and means for shifting sai pair of elements to positions wherein they may each be separately engaged by said difl'erentiall adjustable mechanism.

23. ii an accounting machine, the combination with a differentially adjustable mechanism, of a. totalizer driven thereby and comprisinga pair of registering elements and a gear permanently connecting said pair, a bar or rod carrying said pair of totalizer elements, and means for axially shifting said bar or rod.

, 24. In an accounting machine, the combination with a differentially adjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements and a bevel gear connecting said pair, and means for engagin either of said air of elements with said differentially ad ustable mechanism.

25. In an accountin machine, the combination with a differentially adjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprisin a pair of registering elements each 1ncludmg a bevel ear, and a third bevel gear connecting said rst two gears, with means for connectin either of said first two gears with said di ferentially adjustable mechanism.

26. In an accountin machine, the combination with a differentially adjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering'elements each including a bevel gear, a bar or rod on which said gears are mounted, a third bevel gear connectlng sa d first-two gears, and-means for shifting said bar or rod to bring either pair of registering elements into the plane of said differentially adjustable mechanism.

27. In an accounti machine, the combination with a differentlally adjustable mechanism, of a totalizer comprisin a pair of registering elements, each inclu ing a bevel gear, a frame including a bar or rod on which said pair ;of elements is mounted, a third bevel gear connecting said first two gears, and means for rocking said frame to engage either of said pair 0 elements with the differentially adjustable mechanism.

28. In an accountin machine, the combination with a differentially adjustable mechanism, of a totalizer actuatable thereby and comprising a pair of registering elements each including a gear, a gear connection between said first two gears, a pivoted frame including a bar or rod on which said first t-wo ears are mounted, means for rocking said rame to engage and disengage said two gears and said difi'erentiall adjustable mechanism and means for shi ting said bar or rod transversely to bring either of said two gears into the plane of movement of said differentially adjustable mechanism.

29. In an accounting machine, the combination with an operating mechanism, of a totalizer actuated thereby and comprising a pair of registering elements each includlng a gear, a positive mechanism permanently connecting said gears, means for shifting said gears to bring either of them into cooperative relation to the operating mechanism, and a single transfer mechanism common to both said gears.

30. In an accounting machine the combination with an operating mechanism, comrising a rack, with means for determining 1ts extent of movement, a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements each including a gear, a positive mechanism permanently connecting said gears means for bringing either of said gears into cooperative relation with said rack, and a device controllable by the gears when in such 00- operative relation for permitting an extra extent of movement of said rack.

, 31. In an accounting machine, the combination with an operating mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of register-elements each including a gear, a gear connection between said two first gears, means for engaging and disengaging either of said first gears with the operating mechanism, means for shifting said pair of gears to bring either of them into cooperative relation with said operating mechanism, and a hand operated device controlling such shifting.

32. In 'an accounting machine, the combination with an operating mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements each includin a gear, a positive mechanism permanent y connecting said gears, and means for engaging and disengaging either of said gears with said operating mechanism.

33. In an accounting machine, the combination with an operating mechanism, of a totalizer comprising a pair of registering elements each including a gear, a frame including a bar or rod on which said pair of gears is mounted, a positive mechanism permanently connecting said gears and carried by said rod, and means for shifting said bar or rod to engage or disengage said gears and said operating mechanism.

34. In an accounting machine, the combination with differential mechanism, of a totalizer arranged to be actuated by the difierential mechanism, the totalizer comprising two sets of registering members, means whereby'the actuation of one set will cause the o posite actuation of the other set, transfer eyices, means for bringing either set into operative relation with the differential mechanism and transfer devices, transfer pins on each set of registering members, the transfer pins of one set being located in a different plane with the pins on the other set when the totalizer is in zero position.

35. In an accounting machine, the combination with a set of spaced operating racks, of totalizing mechanism comprising two sets of alternated elements, the elements of each set being spaced equidistantly with said racks, means forengaging and disengaging said racks and said sets of totalizing elements separately, mechanism including a lever, connected to shift said totalizing mechanism to bring either set of elements thereof into the planes of said racks, a key having a permanent connection to said lever at approximately the center of said lever, and means for moving one end of said lever to an invariable position.

36. In an accounting machine, the combination with a set of spaced operating racks, of totalizing mechanism comprising two sets 115 of elements, the elements of each set being spaced equidistantly with said racks, a frame carrying said sets of totalizing elements, means or moving said frame to engage and disengage said racks and either of 120 said sets of elements, a key and devices positioned thereby, constructed to determlne which set of elements shall be so engaged by movement of said frame, and means for moving said frame to an invariable position when 125 said key remainsunactuated.

37. In an accounting machine, the combination with a series of operating devices, and means for giving them differential movements, of a totalizing mechanism comprising 130 two sets of connected denominational elements, means for engaging either set of totalizer elements with said operating devices, transfer controlling devices positioned to be actuated by either set of denominational elements, and constructed to )ermit an additional' unitary movement 0 said operating devices. 38.'In an accounting machine, the combination with a series of operating devices, and means for giving them differential movements, of a totalizing mechanism comprising two sets of connected denominational elements, a frame carrying both sets of totalizer elements, means for moving said frame to engage either set of totalizing elements with said operating devices, transfer controlling devices common to both sets of elements an positioned to be actuated by the set of totalizing elements engaged with the o erating 20 devices, and connections actuated y said transfer devices permitting an excess unitary movement of said operating devices.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES F. KETTERING. o

W'itnesses: I

FRED E. HAMILTON, RUDow RUMMLER.