US958754A - High-frequency magneto. - Google Patents

Description

T. M. MUELLER.

HIGH FR APPLICATION FILED AUG. 4, 1908.

EQUENGY MAGNETO.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

' T. M. MUELLER. HIGH FREQUENCY MAGNETO. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 4, 1908.

958,754.` 'i l i Patentedmayzll, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.A

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A TTURNYS pose being to provide UNITED srapipis'rgrnnr THEoDon ivi. MUELLER, or New Yonai N.: YJ

HIGH-FREQUENCY MAGNE'ro.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that MUELLER, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved High Frequency Magneto, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to magnetos, my pura machine having a wide range of adaptability as regards the frequency, and wave form of the current that may be generated, but the frequency is dependent upon the speed of rotation of the ,m achiiie.

More particularly stated, my invention coinprehends a dynamo of the magneto type, in 'which' the magnetic 'flux passes between iron poles which are normally stationary, the magnetic flux being periodically interrupted u by a slotted cylindrical-shaped inductor, having a considerable length extending through a number of separate parts of iron.

My invention further contemplates a magneto-electric machine having a slotted cylindrical inductormember, pole pieces always stationary, and other pole pieces normally stationary but adjustable at will and mating the pole pieces just mentioned, the 'slotted inductor being provided with iron meinbers which periodicallypass between the pol-e pieces which are always stationary and those which are normali stationary but adjustable; 'so as to vary, break o-r reverse the How of the magnetic ux passing through the various iron parts constituting its path.

My invention further contemplates means whereby the adjustment of the stationary pole member, at the will of the operator, changes the character, or direction (as-thc case may be) of the flux as it passes. through its lengthy path, thus materially ,changing the character, of the currents generated.

My invention further comprises certain improvements 0f a general character relative to magneto construction and. conducive to compactness and general eiiiciency of the various parts of the machine.

Reference is to b e had to the accompanyl ing drawings forming a. part of this specilication, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the VYfigures.

Specication of Letters Patent. Application led August 4, 1908.4

I, THEoDon MAR'riN j a subject of the German Emperor,

Patentedfriayf 1910, Seriana/Mesas.

Figure l is a plan viewjofI the magneto complete; Fig. 2 is' ay substantially central vertical -section through the 'construction shown in Fig'. 1 andexhibits the outer pole pieces, tionary but adjustablev members disposed concentric to the outer 'pole pieces and made adjustable relatively to the same, and the slotted cylindrical inductor member which is as nearly as practicable disposed intermediate the outer pole pieces and the inner pole pieces and is free to revolve by aid of the pulley shown at the left. Fig. 3 is a substantially central vertical transverse section through the construction shown in Figs.-

through the' 1 and 2, the sectionbeing taken inductor and midway of its length. Figs. i otherwise similar to Fig. 3, but showing the inner pole pieces or adjustable stationary members so adjusted that the distribution of the magnetic flux, su'ch as toicause the machine to operate as a generator of alternating currents having sine waves, these currents making four complete periods or cycles per revolution of the slotteV cylindrical inductor member. Fig. 4a shows a diagrammatic symbol representincr an alternating current made by the machine when in the condition shown by Figs. 4 and 5; Figs. 6 and 7 indicate the action of the machinewhen the inner pole pieces are given a still further adjustment, so that the machine now generates alternating currents of four complete periods per revolution, the rise in potential, however, being much steeper at one moment than at another, so that the rise andfall of the potential are distorted, and the two 'half waves of one period are not alike; Fig. 7a is a diagram representing the rise and fall of the potential of current generated by the machine under'- conditions represented by Figs. 6 and 7.

My invention is particularly designed for the production of high frequency and high potential alternating currents, of various wave forms: also for the production of direct pulsating currents of high frequency and high potential. y Some of the various uses to which my invention are applied ara-for ignition purposes as applied to internal combustion engines, or by certain adjustments it may be employed as a direct current generator.

the inner pole-pieces or normally stawhile the machine is in action, is

My invention proceeds, to some extent, upon the idea that ina generator of the magneto type, the currents generated may varied considerably in their Socalled wave-forms, by adjusting certain pole pieces relatively to other pole pieces, so that both the direction and intensity. of the `lines of magnetic flux may be changed. The net result is that in my constructionslight adjustment of the inner stationary pole members enables the machines to generate currents differing widely from each other as regards theirl character or wave form. One adjustment produces alternating currents of the sine wave form; and still another adjustment producing currents wherein the positive portion of the wave is. diierent from the negative portion of the wave.

Mounted upon a base 28 is a metallic framework 29 supporting magnetic poles 3l, 33 which are secured to the ends of a permanent magnet 34 and lying in a horizontal plane; also poles30,A 32 of soft iron in which the magnetism is transient only, being periodically induced therein, as hereinafter deii scribed. y

Disposed concentrically to the magnet 34 and partially encircling the same is a magnet 35, these two magnets constituting a lield of force in they poles 3l, Disposed intermediate the poles 30, 32 is an induction coil 37 provided with a core 36. rlhis induction coil is ofsubstantially cylindrical form and is therefore concentric with the inner surfaces of the permanent magnets 34, 35. This renders the arrangement com- -pact and. also increases the inductance of the induction coil 37 owing to its close proximity to the mass of magnetic material contained in the various magnets. lnside of the magnets 34, 35 is a space 38, and disposed within this space and supported upon the magnet 35 is a bracket or bar 40 provided with ends 39 for this purpose. A spider 4l is provided with an annular bearing 42. Extending through the annular bearing 42 is a revoluble stem 43 whereby it may be turned. An inductor 45, having substantially a general cylindrical form, is provided with slots 46 Vand with soft iron members 47, 48, 49, 50, these member" being of substantially arcuate form in cross section, as will be understood from Fig. 3. Pole pieces 5l, 52, of soft iron, and each having the form of a segment, are connected together by a spacer of brass or other non-magnetic material, these parts having the respective shapes indicated in igs. 2 and 3. The spacer 53 is provided with neck 53a. which extends into the. stem 43, the latter being' fashioned to receive it and thus serving as a bearing for supporting the core and parts immediatelv connected with the same. An arm is mounted rig- Y idly upon the spacer 53 and is tused for turning the same slightly in order to adjust the spacer and its accompanying parts. A set screw 55 is revolubly mounted in the yoke 40 and is used to secure the spacer 53 against rotation. ln order to adjust the spacer 53, the set screw 55 is loosened and after the adjustment is made, the screw is tightened. The operator, by graspin(r the handle 54 and loosening the screw may' turn the spacer 53 into various positions, some of which, for purposes elsewhere specified, are shown in the various figures.

The pole pieces 3l, 33 being in close proximity to the ends of the permanent magnets are always of opposite polarity, one always representing the North-seeking pole and the other representing4 the South-seeking pole of a permanent magnet. `Vith regard to the pole pieces 30, 32, however, the situation is different. These pole pieces, together with the core 3G, are of soft iron. Hence the pole pieces 30, 32 have no permanent polarity. lf either of the latter happens to be so situated that the magnetic lines can fiow through it in such direction as to make it, for the moment, a North-seeking pole, it becomes such. If, for the moment, it happens to be so situated that the lines of force tend to malte it a South-seeking pole, it becomes the same. Hence, the magnetism in the pole pieces 30, 32 is transient and reversible in direction, whereas that of the pole ieces 31, 33 remains constant and unchanged). Bearing this explanationin mind, it will readily be seen that a lengthy magnetic lcircuit through the permanent magnets and through the pole pieces 3l, 33 of these magnets, may be completed in either of two directions through the pole pieces 30, 32 and the core 36, connecting themV together, the direction of the line of force through the pole pieces 30, 32 being dependent upon the relative positions of the induetors 47, 48, 49, 50. lt will also be seen that by turning the inductor the constantly shifting position of the several iron members 47, 48, 49, 50 may open and close the magnetic circuit through the` permanent magnets and may also change the direction ot' How of the magnetic lines relatively to the pole pieces 5l, 52 and the spacer 53, it being understood that these parts are included in the magnetic circuit. rThis much being admitted, it will be seen that the windingvof wire upon the core 36 will have set up in it rents, the character of which will vary with motions of the inductor.

The operation of my device is as follows and may be more readily understood by reference 'to Figs. 4 adjust the machine for the generation of alternating currents, t-he arm 54 is turned so that the inner pole pieces 5l, 52 occupy the positions indicated in Figs. 4 and 5 ,that is to the centrai line through the pole momentary curto 7 inclusive :In order to spacer 53 is now ocke'd by aid of the set of force to crossfrom magnetic lines,

member 47, pole piece 51,

Y turning 'piisilg 52 and s acer 53 is vertical. The

screw 55,-as will be understood from Fig. 2. Power now being appliedto the pulley 44, the inductor, and-nothing else, is turned. Suppose that at the start the inductor hap pens to occupy theposition indicated in Fig. 4. Suppose., further, (for convenience) that the flowI of the" magnetic lines is from the pole-piece 33 and toward the pole piece 31, of the permanent magnets 34 and 35. The intervening path being made up principally o soft iron, the parts will enable the lines the one permanent magnet pole to the other, the direction of the however, being greatly distorted. The complete magnetic circuit isJ as follows: pole piece 33, iron member 50, pole piece52, iron member 49, pole'piece 32, core 36 (see Figs. 2. and 4), pole piece 30, iron iron' member 48, pole piece31 to permanent magnets 34, 35, thence back to pole piece 33. This causes in the winding upon the core 36 a momentary current having one direction. The of the inductor soon moves the iron members 47, 48, 49, 50 a little farther, as indicated in Fig. 5, and now the magnetic circuit may be traced as follows: pole piece 33, iron member 50, pole piece 51, iron member 47, pole piece 30, core`36, pole piece 32, iron v member 49, pole piece 52, iron member 48,

. Similar to -that movement of `to assume the position indicated in Fig.;5, the result being another reversal of the cur- .rent generated. Similar reversals are made bythe further movements of the inductor.

through all of the pole pieces except those leach direction for each'revolution of the inthe machine gives with form of the potential' and current. This I pole piece 31, topermanent magnets 34,35, thencethroughgthese to pole piece 33. As may be seen-l by contrasting the arrows the lines of force through the pole pieces 30, 32 is in Fig. `5 reversed relatively to their direction of travel in Fig. 4. The rotary movement of the inductor being continued, the lines of force again change direction numbered 31, 33, the result being/a current formed when .the parts are in the-position indicated in Fig. 4. A further the inductorcauses the parts In this instance therunning of the machine causes the generation of four curi-ents in ductor; that is to say, this'adjustment founcomplete periods per revolution. Suppose, now, that we'wish the machine to generate an alternating current having considerable distortion ofthe wave accomplish by a further adjustment of the arm 54. This arm is turned until the pole pieces 51, 52 and the spacer 53 assume the respective positions indicated for these parts in Figs. 6 and 7. "The position is attained when the central line through the pole pieces Having thus 51,52'r'and the spacer is .oblique 224 degrees from the vertical; in other words, the center line through the pole pieces 51, 52 and spacer53 is inclined in a contraclockwise directio`n to the extent indicated in Figs. 6 and 7. The inductor being now turned in a clockwise direction, the lines o-force alternate in direction through the pole pieces 30, 32, the result being an alternating current of thegeneral type indicatedin Fig. 7 a, the potential and amperage of this vcurrent being distorted, as will be understood from the curve represented by the iigure last mentioned, in which it will be observed'that the curve does not representI a true sine curve,-

of the inductor as stationary while the ma- 'chine is in action, I do not limit myself to this exact construction, as mechanical reversals andvequivalents may be employed by persons skilled in the art, and the scope of my invention is not limited to the precise construction shown in the drawings.

n described my'invention, I claim as new and desire tov secure by Letters Patent:

` l. The combination of a permanent magnet provided with poles, a magnetic member, provided with poles and spaced apart from said permanent magnet, an inductor having a portion adapted to pass succes-4 sively all of said poles, and a core disposed intermediate said magnet poles and also innetizable circuit provided withfa winding,

and an inductor element movable relatively to said magnet and purpose of affecting lines of force extending from said ma net to said pole piece and said circuit, where y a current will be induced in said winding, substantially as described.

3. The combinationof a permanent magnet provided with poles of opposite polarity, members of magnetic material adapted to be energized in opposite sense by induction from said magnet poles, a revoluble inductor provided with members of magnetic material movable relativelyv to said magnet poles and termediate said polesof magnetic material. 2. The combination ofa permanent magy iis to said pole piece for the also to said members of magnetic material, a member having portions of soft iron mounted within said revoluble inductor, and means controllable at Will for partially turning said member having portions of soft iron within said inductor for the purpose of efiiecting the distribution of themagnetic field from said magnet through said inductor.'

il. The combination of a magnet, a revoluble inductor of substantially cylindrical form provided with members of magnetic material to be acted upon by said magnet, and a stationary member mounted Within said revoluble inductor, said stationary member comprising a plurality of members of magnetic material separated from each other by a non-magnetic substance, and means including a magnetizable circuit, operatively located with relation to the stationary member, a coil thereon, whereby a current ma be induced in saidV coil, substantially as described. Y

5. rlfhe combination of a magnet rovi'ded with poles, a revoluble member a ected by the magnetic lines of force from said poles -for the purpose of generating electric currents, and a member concentric to said revoluble member and adjustable in relation .to said permanent magnet, a magnetic circuit having its poles spaced from the poles of said magnet, a coil thereon, whereby alternating currents may be generated, substantially as described.

G. The combination with poles, a revoluble inductormember disposed adjacent to said poles for the purpose of generating electric currents, and comprising four iron membersspaced apart, a plurality of normally stationary pole pieces, means for adjusting the same, a magnetic circuit arranged in quadrature to the poles of said magnet, a coil thereon, whereby when the inductor member is rotated an alternating current having four periods per revolution will be induced in said coil, substantially as described.

rlhe combination of a plurality of permanent magnets, each or substantially horseshoe form and provided with poles, a hollow, revoluble inductor member disposed adjacent to said poles and concentric to the same, a plurality or" pole pieces mounted within said inductor, and a spacer of non-magnetic i material disposed intermediate said pole pieces, and means, including -a laminated magnetic circuit provided with a coil there on for receiving the ilux from said magnets, as' modified by said inductor, whereby a current may be induced in said coil substantially '5 as described.

8. The combination of a plurality or' permanent magnets, each of substantially horseshoe form and provided with poles, a revoluble inductor disposed adjacent to said poles and concentric 'to the same, plurality or of a magnet provided within the poles of the 'intermediate said pole-pieces, and means for adjusting said pole-pieces relatively to said magnets, a magnetizable circuit having its poles arranged in inductive relation to said inductor and pole-pieces, a coil thereon, whereby an alternating current may be induced in said coil, and whereby the waveV form of said currents may be varied, subf stantially as described.

9. The combination of a permanent magnet provided with p oles, a revoluble member disposed adjacent to said poles and allected by the lines of force therefrom for the purpose of generating electric, currents, and mechanism, including a member of soft iron, disposed adjacent to said magnets for the purpose of changing the direction of the magnetic lines from said magnets and through said revoluble member, a magnetizable circuit and a coil thereon, disposed in inductive relation to said magnet,` substantially as described. y

l0. The combination of a permanent magnet provided with poles, magnetizable members provided with poles, an induction coil on the members, said poles of said members being disposed intermediate the poles of said permanent magnet, and a slotted revoluble inductor disposed adjacent to all of said poles for the purpose of generating electric currents, and a. magnetic member for directing the linx from the permanent magnet to the core of the induction coil, substantially as described.

11. The combination with permanent magnets, a soft iron member arranged in quadrature to the permanent magnets, an induction coil, the core of which is included in the magnetic circuit of said soft iron members, sector-shaped members arranged within the poles of the permanent magnets and said members, and a cylindrical shaped" inductor member adapted for rotation and disposed between said poles and the sectorshaped members, substantially as described.

l2. rl`he `combination with permanent magnets, a soft iron member arranged in quadrature to the permanent magnets, an induction coil, the core of which is included in the magnetic circuit or' the said soft iron members, sector-shaped members arranged permanent magnets and said members, and a cylindrical shaped inductor member adapted for rotation and disposed between said poles and the sectorshaped members7 and means for adjusting the sector-shaped members, substantially as described.

13. rllie combination with permanent magnets, a soft iron member arranged in quadrature to the permanent magnets,A an induction coil, the core of which is included the magnetic circuit or said soi" iron members, sector-shaped members. arranged name to this specification in the presence @f Within the poles of the'permanent magnets two subscribing Witnesses.

and said members, and e slotted cylindrical shaped inductor member adapted for r0ta- THEODOR M' MUELLER' tonrand disposed between said poles and -the Witnesses: members, substantially as described. 4 GEORGE H. BOYN'ION, Intestimony whereof I beveA signed my ALBERT H. FOSTER.y

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