US95580A - Improvement in machine for drawing and spinning wool - Google Patents

Description

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Letters Patent No. 95,1580, (lated Octollcr 5,1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINE FORDRAWING AND SPINNING Woot., atc., lFROM THE t cARDING-MACHINE. y

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN GOULDING, o Worcester, in the county of' Worcester, and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Oarding and Spinning; 'and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connectionivith 4the Adrawings which accompany' and form part of this speciiication, is a description of my invention, suiiicient to enable vthose skilled in the art to practise it.

These improvements relate particularly to a method of spinning yarn directly from the carding-cylinder, so as to obviate the necessity of employment of a mule, or other separate machine, to operate upon the sliver made by the carding-machne; and

The invention consists, primarily, in the combination, with the eenling-mechanism, and the draw-oli" rolls and twister-tubes, of alstopping-deviceor brake, which, falling upon thel sliver, (after its delivery from the card-cylinder, through the draw-rolls and through the first twistertub`e,) pinches it against a bar, and prevents the back sliver froni further delivery, until the front draw-rolls have drawn the front part of the sliver, (between them and the bar,) after a second twist has been producedbyan.additional twister-tube, thus producing a yarn. having a uniform and even twist, 'the yarn passing from the second draw-rolls to the main twister-dier, and thence to thebobbin.-

rlhe invention alsofcpnsists in the mechanism for producing the rise and fall of the bobbius, and graduating the rise and fall, so as to properly till the boby bins from head toy point.

The drawings represent a machine embodying these improvements.

Figure l shows the machine in side elevation.

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the machine.

a d'enotes the frame, mounted in suitable bearings, at the top -of which is the main card-cylinder b, to the action ot' which the sliver is subjected, after leaving the second card', the sliver entering the machine between the top roll c and feed-rolls d tl, thence passing under the leader, or roll e, over the tumbler f, from which it is taken, by the main card-cylinder b, around, and acting with which, are the clearers g g, workers h. h, fancy It, and doer k, from which dotfer the carded sliver or roving is stripped, oi' -wiped 'by the wiper or take-od' roll l.

The card-clothing is not shown in the drawings, the airangementand operationof the carding-mechanism being the' same, or much the same, as in other' carding-engines.

From the take-olf roll, the roving passes to and through a twister-tube, m, to and between drawingtube, p, to draw-rolls q q, which rotate at an increased velocity, the roving being drawn out or attenuated .by

these rolls, under the temporary twistimparted by the twister-tube p.

Instead, however, of passing the roving directly to the twister-tube p and dra\v-rolls q q, a brake or holdfast mechanisin is employed, as follows, to' intercept the delivery ofthe roving, amlallow it to be stretched while twisting. p o

Across the frame extends a stationary baur, in the top of which is along groove, s. Into this groove drops the tooth j,`ot` a jaw, t, and when the roving is passing under this tooth or gripe, it' the tooth descends, it gripes the roving and arrests its travel, so that the roving, from the gripe to the front draw-rolls, is stretched or attenuated, the twist and stretch extending into the large as well as into the small parts of the roving, and reducing it all to a uniform size, after which the griper is raised, the roving is again drawn along, (its slack being taken up,) until another rotation of the rear draw-rolls, when the'gripcr againdescends and nips the roving, and so on, thus impartiiig a uniform stretch and a uniform size to the roving, and bringing it into condition for the final and permanent twist 'preparatory to 'its bei ng wound upon the'bobbin.

"lhe griper is worked as follows:

The griper-jaw is attached to acollar, lu, fixed upon a1ocker-shat,-r, on the end`- of which is an arm, w, resting upon 'a cam, at, on the slm-ft of the adjacent draw-roll n, and at each rotation of the roll n, the cam lifts the arm w, and therebyraises the gripe or tooth j, and releases the roving, while, as thc campoint passes around, the arm is released, and the gripe or tooth falls yand rests by its weight/(and the weight of the'arm w) upon the roving, holding it while'the roving n advance is stretched while being twisted. Thus stretched and made uniform, or nearly uniforln in size, the roving is ready fdr itsnal' or permanent twisting by the tlier, ythat lays the yarn, thus spun and twisted, upon the bobbin.

The rotative movements off'the feed-rolls, main card, clearer, worker, Ste., and of the draw-rolls, the twisters, and the iiiers', are effected .by geared and belted connections with the main shaft, as seen in the drawing, or in any other suitable manner.

The iiiers are-journalled in stationary rails, ai,'"a'nd hang below the lower rail, as seen at iig. 2. The bobbins stand upon spindles, b", mounted in a rising andv falling frame c?, which slides upon vertical ways or guide-rails d2, and the frame is reciprocated to canse the ier to lay the yarn up and down the bobbin, as follows: a

Projecting down from the frame are two toe-pieces, e2, to which are attached the lower ends of two straps,

fl, whose upper ends are fastened to the tops of two `pletes the last half of its rotation, theroll swings in,

by gravity, (or the action of a suitable spring or springs upon the bar 12,) allowing the bobbin-frame to fall, the alternate rise and fall of the bobbin-framc causing the yarn to be evenly wound upon the bohbin, along a `length of the same,rcorresponding 4to the extent of vertical movement of the bobbin-frame, and the extelit of this reciprocating vertical movement may be varied or adjusted by varying the point cf connection of the link 7a2 to the arm f2,by means of a slct, qaud nut and screw1 lrz.' p v In filling the bobbin, it is necessary to begin to fill at the head, and to work from the head to but a short distance therefrom, (such distance slowly increasing, however, at each successive-downward movement of the bobbin,) until the head is lled, and then to gradually work upward until the whole bobbin is evenly iillcd, and forthis purpose a mechanism is necessary for effecting the gradual, permanent fall of the bob- .bin-frame, so that at each successive downward movement, the bobbins shall descend slightly further than in the previous descent of the'bobbin-frame. i

The first or short varying reci procations are effected as follows: g

The swing-bat P passes lloosely through the connecter k2, so that the slotted end of the ,connecter can slide freely in a vertical direction. J oint'ed to the end -of the connecter, is a pendent gear-rachis, with the teeth of whicha gear-pinion, t", engages, this .pinion being onthe inner end of a short shaft, journalled in a bearing projecting `fromthe foot of the bar Il. At the outer end of this shaft is a ratchet-wheel, a, with the teeth of which a drag-pawL or hook, ci, engages, this pawl being pivoted on a pin, '102, projecting from the main frame. As' the bar Z is moved out by the cam o1, the ratchet swinging out with it will be turned by the hook Vor pawl c, thereby effecting a rotative movement of the pinionn t2, and a descent of the rack e?, such descentletting down the link k2, bringing the point of its connection with the bar l" further from the centi-e of movement of' the bar, andl thereby increasi ing the extent ofthrow" or rocking movement of the arm 'i2 and arch-heads, and the extent of' vertical movement `of thebobbin-frame. When the slotted end of the link is near the rod mthe extent of vertical movement of the bobbin-frame is very slight, and.4 thismovement increases as the connecter is let down at each outward movement of the swing-bar, thereby layiugthe yarn 4over a greater spaceI as thewinding progresses. But as this increase of movement of the bobbin-frame would carry itfnpA furtheiias well`as down further, thanbefore, the swing-bar is set at an inclinav'tion, (in normal position,) so that as` the `connecter "moves down, it also moves back, andthus keeps the bobbin-ame down, or fromf'ascending too high,l that is to say, to su'ch height as would cause the yarn to wind `overthe head, the increase of movement being wholly inthe downward movement of'the bobbins.

,lhe extent of increase of movement of the bobbin- As the` roll is thrown outward bythe cam, the a frame may be varied by setting the drag-pawl or hook more or less out upon its pivot-pin w'i, by means of a` The rack s continues thus to regulate the varying movement of the bobbin-frame, until the head 'and lower part of the bobbins have become filled, and then a mechanism is brought into operation that causes the t i bobbin-frame to gradnallyfall, (at each reeiprocation,)

until the bobbin is filled, the frame rising less high at i each upward movement, and descending lower at each downward movement, this mechanism being automatically brought into operation, and that just described automatically thrown out of operation, when the bobbin is filled at the head. This vmechanism .is as follows: l

The rocker-shaft h2, which carries the arch-heads, carries, near one end, a worm-wheel or sector, aP,iuto the teeth of which engages a worm, b3, ony a shaft, c, turning in suitable bearings in projections from the rocker-arm t2. At the top of this shaft is a bevelgear, d3, meshing into and driven by bevel-pinion @on a shaft, f, at whose outer end is a ratchet-wheel, g, actuated by an impelling-pawl, h3, which operates (negatively) to turn the ratchet when the top of the arm t2 moves back or inwardly, that is to say, when the bobbiu-frame is rising, the 'pawl turning on a pin which projects from thewframe u. The point of the pawl it is kept in engagement with the ratchet by having its opposite end weighted.

Each time'the bobbin-frame rises, and the moverise, is effected, the ratchet-wheel is rotativcly moved by the pawl, and movement is thereby imparted to the shaft dand its worm, and by the worm to the worm-sector a, thus effecting a change in the position of the arch-head shaft, causing the arch-heads to turn and to lower the-bobhin-frameso that ateach descent such frame will drop lower than at its previous descent, this successive dropping ofthe frame continuing until the bobbins are filled, causing the yarn to lay in uniform conical strata froth head to point.`

The change from one' mechanism for thus` regulating the movement ofthe bobbin-fiame, to the other, may be antomaticallyeifected through the mechanism of the weighted pawl h, and mechanism connecting it with the paivl 13 as follows: Over the pawljv2 is a weight `or weighted block, t3, hung to the frame `by afpin, It, and having a tailpiec'e projecting from it, ass'een at` Z3, the end of which is infthe path of downward movement of a pin, p",

` (projecting from the link 152,) when .the pawl 'v2 is in .connection with its ratchet. The Apawl c also has a tail-piece, under which one arm, mi, of a {ripper-lever p extends, the other arm, nB of this lever, enteringa notch, "0, inthe weighted end4 of the pawlh, as seen in fig. l. The weight of the pawl holds its notch against the arm a, and keeps the point of the pawl 71.3 out of connection withits ratchet, asfseen in fig. 1. The parts being in position, as seen in such figure, the pin p will strike the tail-piece l, (when, inthe descent of thelink k2, the head of the bobbin has become illed,) and will carry down the tail-piece, until the' preponderance of p weight passes over the pin k,

i when the weight ,will swing down, fcausi'ng apin, q,

(projecting from'the tail-piece) to strike the'tail-piece of the` pawl c, throwing Litdown against vthe arm m, causing such armto'lift the' opposite armafthereby liberating the' pawl h, the weightedend b i` which presses' thev pawl-point up into engagement with its ratchet, the .pin q lifting the bthe'rpztwl vzfrom its` ratchet' flli'us one regulatingmechanismis.thrown out'of -operation and they othcrinto operation, the position of the' mechanism being denoted by the dotted lines in fig. 1.i

Vach ratchet, when inr operation, is kept nfronl back movement by a suitable detaining-pawl.

When the bobbins have been filled, the ypawls are `tut away, as seen. at r, in fig. 3, (which is an end View of partof the machine,) and' when the bobbinl frame is let down to its lowest extent, the top rail of the frame may be tipped forward, as seen in dotted lines at fig. 1, the frame hanging on the straps f2, and its lower rail being kept upon the vertical guide-rails.

The improvements thus described are intended particularly for wool-spinning, but it will be obvious that they are, to greater or less extent, applicable to cott0n and other spinning-mechanism.

What is claimed, is- 1. In combination with a carding-cylinder or main card, and with draw-rolls, and twistentubes, and main twisting-fliers, the mechanism or devices for intermittently griping the roving between the two sets of draw-rolls, so as to uniformly stretch or draw and spin the yarn, substantially as described.

2. Also, in combination with the bobbin-fmmc, the mechanism for producing the rise and descent of the frame, substantially as described. n

3. Also,.in combination with thebobbin-frame, the mechanism for varying the movement of the bobbins described. i

4. Also, in combination with the bobbin-frame, the mechanism for gradually' effecting the descent of the bobbin-frame to fill the bobbins evenly, substantially as described. l

JOHN GOULDING.

Witnesses P. C. BACON,

HENRY BACON.

while they are filling at the heads, substantially asA

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