US953482A - Gas-analysis apparatus. - Google Patents

Gas-analysis apparatus. Download PDF

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US953482A
US953482A US52173309A US1909521733A US953482A US 953482 A US953482 A US 953482A US 52173309 A US52173309 A US 52173309A US 1909521733 A US1909521733 A US 1909521733A US 953482 A US953482 A US 953482A
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gas
receptacle
sample
pipe
burette
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US52173309A
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Seth D Merton
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N7/00—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour
    • G01N7/02—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by absorption, adsorption, or combustion of components and measurement of the change in pressure or volume of the remainder
    • G01N7/04—Analysing materials by measuring the pressure or volume of a gas or vapour by absorption, adsorption, or combustion of components and measurement of the change in pressure or volume of the remainder by absorption or adsorption alone

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  • T IS invention relates to a device for gas analysis, such as is used, for example, for determining the percentage of carbon dioxid (($0 in the products of combustion in kilns, furnaces, gas producers, etc.
  • the device herein shown consists of a movable receptacle that contains an absorbing medium, means for trapping a sample of gas of known volume and forcing it into said receptacle so that the therein will extract one of the constituents of the gas and thus cause the receptacle to change its position, the percentage of the constituent that has been absorbed being recorded or indicated by suitable mechanism controlled by the movement of the receptacle.
  • Figure 1 of the drawings is a vertical sectional View of a device embodying my invention
  • Fig. 2 is a detail, vertical sectional View taken on approximately the line 2 -2 of Fig. 1.
  • A designates a receptacle that is adapted to contain an absorbing medium 1, such, for example, as a solution ofca-ustic potash, and 2- designa-tes astationary support on which saidreceptacle is fulcrumed or, pivotally mounted.
  • an absorbing medium 1 such, for example, as a solution ofca-ustic potash
  • 2- designa-tes astationary support on which saidreceptacle is fulcrumed or, pivotally mounted.
  • a strap 3 on the upper side of the receptacle A passes over the support 2 so as to sustain the receptacle in position but it -will be obvious that various other means could be employed for sustaining the receptacle in such a position that it will tilt or swing under certain conditions.
  • the receptacle A preferably has acomparativcly large central portion and two reduced end portions t and 5 which curve upwardly from said body portion and thus produce a receptacle which is substantially Ushaped '1 he long neck or reduced portion fl at one end or" the receptacle is open to the atmosphere, and the neckor-red-nced portion 5 at the opposite end of the receptacle merges into a hollow elliptical-shaped portion 6 which is of suilicient size to hold quite a quantity of the absorbing solution.
  • a flexible conduit communicates with the enlarged portion: 6 on the neck 5 of the receptacle A so as to introduce the sample of gas into said recep tacle and thus cause the receptacle to shift or move from its normal position, as hereinafter more clearly described.
  • Said apparatus comprises a gas-inlet pipe 8 that leads from the line or combustion chamber of a. furnace or other source of gas supply, not shown, a burette formed by an approximately oblong-shaped tube 9 that communicates with said inlet pipe, a water aspirator l0, and a pipe 11 leading fromsaid aspirator to the burette or tube 9.
  • a oy-pass or liquid seal B is arranged between the inlet pipe 8 and the pipe 11 so that the main stream of gas can pass directly from said inlet pipe to the aspirate]: afterthe sample of gas has been trap ed ofi in the burette, as hereinafter descri ed.
  • a pipe 12 leads from the aspirator into a box 13 so as to supply water thereto, and said box is provided with a discharge nozzle 14 which permit-s the water to escape into a pipe 15 that leads to a tank G having an upper coinpartment 16 for receiving the water from the pipe 15, and a lower compartment 17 which contains a solution of water and glycerin or some other similar substance, said lower compartment being connected with the burette 9 by means of a pipe 17.
  • a siphon pipe 18 leads from the upper coinpartment of the tank C, and at a certain period of the cycle of operations of the apparatus the water in the upper compartment is sucked up through the siphon pipe 18 and down through the pipe 18 which communicates with the upper end of the siphon pipe.
  • An air pipe 19 leads from the lower compartment of the tank G into the upper compartment of said tank, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to permit the air in said upper compartment to pass downwardly into the lower compartment and exert pressure on the glycerin solution in said lower compartment, said air pressure causing the glycerin solution in, the lower end of the burette 9 to rise far enough to cut oil the in ess and egress of gas from the burette.
  • T e apparatus also comprises a flexible air chamber 20 which communicates with the pipe 21' that enters the burette 9 so as to maintain atmospheric pressure inside of said burette.
  • a flexible air chamber 20 which communicates with the pipe 21' that enters the burette 9 so as to maintain atmospheric pressure inside of said burette.
  • the solution 1 in rthc receptacle A absorbs the CO in the gas and consequently reduces the volume of the sample so that the movement of the receptacle will vary in accordance with the pecentage off-CO in the gas. If the sample contains no CO the receptacle A will crease 11love the maximum distance, and it the sample contains 1.0% of UU the receptacle Wlll 'movc less than the maxinmm distance.
  • the recording device herein shown consists of. a pen 22 connected by a flexible device 23 to the long neck l of the receptacle A and adapted to make a mark or impression on a chart 24 which is driven cpntinuously by some suitable mechanical means.
  • the receptacle A can be provided with an adjustable weight 25 so as to retain said re- 25 ceptacle in a certain normal position, and if desired, adashpot 1) can. be arranged be tween the receptacle and a stationary support so as to prevent the receptacle from vioratin I refer to arran e the rece tacle A and the tra )ping apparatus inside of a case or cabinet .l so to protect said parts.
  • My device for analysis, and for au'toniatically drawing and measuring the gas sample to be analyzed for any given element, and for automatically recording the result of such analysis, is mechanically simpler than most of those devices for a similar purelement in the directly alters the position of the absorbent vessel itself in proportion to the percentage of the gas a sorbed by the contained absorb'ingmedium.
  • This movement of the. absorbent vessel is directly and simply recorded without the necessity of delicate mechanism between .the absorbent vessel and the recording apparatus.
  • the absorbent vessel has been motionless; it has been essentially a U tube; the
  • a device for the purpose described comprising a holloivmember that is mounted in such a manner that it can rock, an ah- I sorbing medium in said member, means for trapping off. a sample of gas of known volume and introducing it into said hollow member, and means for recordmg the degree oi movement 01' said member so as to determine' the percentage of the constituent that has been removed from the gas.
  • a device for the purpose described co nprismg a hollow member that is mounted in such a manner that it can rock, an ab sol-hing medium in said member, means for trapping off a sample of gas of known volume and forcing t into contact with said absorbing medium, and means for registering the degree f-movement of said hollow.
  • a receptacle that is mounted in such iiaman ner that it can rock, said receptacle'being provided atone .end with a coi1tracted,po1'- tion which open. to the atmosphere, and at its opposite end with an enlar ed portion that is approximately fiat and "when", an
  • a device of the character described comprising means for drawing gas from a sourceot' supply, means for trapping otl' a sample of gas of known volume, a hollow "member adapted to receive said sample and being mounted in such a manner that it can rock, a medium in said receptacle for ab sorbing one of the constituents of said gas,
  • Witnes mszfl 1 (Visits 'L. CHURCH,- Geono n'f BA KEWELII.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Description

S. D. MERTON. GAS ANALYSIS APPARATUS.
APPLICATION FILED 0018,1909.
Patented Mar. 29, 1910.
- for trapping oti 7 absorbing medium SETH I). MEBTUN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSGUBI.
eats-summers specimens.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Near. 523? ftfi lltlapplication filed october 8, 1503. Serial No. 521,733;
To all whom "it may concern:
' Be it known that I, SETH D. MERTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Gas-Analysis Apparatus, of which the, following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it a' pertains to make and use the same.
T IS invention relates to a device for gas analysis, such as is used, for example, for determining the percentage of carbon dioxid (($0 in the products of combustion in kilns, furnaces, gas producers, etc.
Briefly described, the device herein shown consists of a movable receptacle that contains an absorbing medium, means for trapping a sample of gas of known volume and forcing it into said receptacle so that the therein will extract one of the constituents of the gas and thus cause the receptacle to change its position, the percentage of the constituent that has been absorbed being recorded or indicated by suitable mechanism controlled by the movement of the receptacle.
The apparatus herein shown for trapping oil" the sample of gas and forcing it into the receptacle which contains the absorbing medium is well-known and is used in the 'Sarco automatic (0 recorder, but any other suitable apparatus could be usedfor this purpose and therefore I do not wish it to be understood that my broad idea is limited to any particular means :or apparatus the sample of and forcing it into the receptacle which contains the absorbing medium.
Figure 1 of the drawings is a vertical sectional View of a device embodying my invention; and Fig. 2 is a detail, vertical sectional View taken on approximately the line 2 -2 of Fig. 1.
Referring to the drawings which illustrate the preferred form of my invention, A designates a receptacle that is adapted to contain an absorbing medium 1, such, for example, as a solution ofca-ustic potash, and 2- designa-tes astationary support on which saidreceptacle is fulcrumed or, pivotally mounted. In the construction herein shown a strap 3 on the upper side of the receptacle A passes over the support 2 so as to sustain the receptacle in position but it -will be obvious that various other means could be employed for sustaining the receptacle in such a position that it will tilt or swing under certain conditions. The receptacle A preferably has acomparativcly large central portion and two reduced end portions t and 5 which curve upwardly from said body portion and thus produce a receptacle which is substantially Ushaped '1 he long neck or reduced portion fl at one end or" the receptacle is open to the atmosphere, and the neckor-red-nced portion 5 at the opposite end of the receptacle merges into a hollow elliptical-shaped portion 6 which is of suilicient size to hold quite a quantity of the absorbing solution. A flexible conduit communicates with the enlarged portion: 6 on the neck 5 of the receptacle A so as to introduce the sample of gas into said recep tacle and thus cause the receptacle to shift or move from its normal position, as hereinafter more clearly described.
In view of the fact that the apparatus for trapping off the sample of gas and toreing: it Into the receptacle A is well-known I will not describe the specific details 05 construction of said apparatus but will merely describe it in general terms so that the operation of same can be understood. Said apparatus comprises a gas-inlet pipe 8 that leads from the line or combustion chamber of a. furnace or other source of gas supply, not shown, a burette formed by an approximately oblong-shaped tube 9 that communicates with said inlet pipe, a water aspirator l0, and a pipe 11 leading fromsaid aspirator to the burette or tube 9. A oy-pass or liquid seal B is arranged between the inlet pipe 8 and the pipe 11 so that the main stream of gas can pass directly from said inlet pipe to the aspirate]: afterthe sample of gas has been trap ed ofi in the burette, as hereinafter descri ed. A pipe 12 leads from the aspirator into a box 13 so as to supply water thereto, and said box is provided with a discharge nozzle 14 which permit-s the water to escape into a pipe 15 that leads to a tank G having an upper coinpartment 16 for receiving the water from the pipe 15, and a lower compartment 17 which contains a solution of water and glycerin or some other similar substance, said lower compartment being connected with the burette 9 by means of a pipe 17. A siphon pipe 18 leads from the upper coinpartment of the tank C, and at a certain period of the cycle of operations of the apparatus the water in the upper compartment is sucked up through the siphon pipe 18 and down through the pipe 18 which communicates with the upper end of the siphon pipe. An air pipe 19 leads from the lower compartment of the tank G into the upper compartment of said tank, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to permit the air in said upper compartment to pass downwardly into the lower compartment and exert pressure on the glycerin solution in said lower compartment, said air pressure causing the glycerin solution in, the lower end of the burette 9 to rise far enough to cut oil the in ess and egress of gas from the burette. T e apparatus also comprises a flexible air chamber 20 which communicates with the pipe 21' that enters the burette 9 so as to maintain atmospheric pressure inside of said burette. I have herein illustrated the gas-trapping apparatuson a much smaller scale than the receptacle A which contains the absorbing medium, and consequently the relative positions of said apparatus and rece tacleA are different from what they would e in actual practice. It will be understood, of course, that in a commercial device the apparatus for trapping ofi the sample of gas and forcing it into the receptacle A will be so proportioned that it Wlll perform the function for which it is designed.
When the recorder is first set in operation the gas will be drawn through the pipe 8, burette 9 and pipe 11 by the aspiratcr, and the water that escapes from the aspirator will gradually fill the upper compartment 16 of the tank C and thus compress the air in said compartment, the pressure of said air causing the lycerin solution to rise in the burette 9. Vhen said solution rises far enough toclose the pipes 8 and 11 the ingress and egress of as to and from the burette will be out o and the gas in the upfper portion of the burctte will be tra ped 0 so that it can be utilized as a samp e to be tested. As the glycerin solution continues to rise in the burette the sample of therein will be forced through the con duit 7 into the receptacle, the pressure of the gas in said conduit causing it to tend to straighten-out and thus rock the receptacle A upwardly or in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1. The gas which entors the receptacle A also tends to rock the receptacle owing to the fact that the pressure which said gas exerts on the absorbing solution causes said solution to rise in the neck 4 of the receptacle A. The solution 1 in rthc receptacle A absorbs the CO in the gas and consequently reduces the volume of the sample so that the movement of the receptacle will vary in accordance with the pecentage off-CO in the gas. If the sample contains no CO the receptacle A will crease 11love the maximum distance, and it the sample contains 1.0% of UU the receptacle Wlll 'movc less than the maxinmm distance.
The particular means used for indicating or recording the percentage of CO in the gas 79 is immaterial so far as my broad idea is concerned as any suitable means could be used for this purpose. l have herein shown a re cording device for indicating the pcreel'itage of CO in the gas but it will, of course, be
obvious that a visual indicating device could be used if desired. The recording device herein shown consists of. a pen 22 connected by a flexible device 23 to the long neck l of the receptacle A and adapted to make a mark or impression on a chart 24 which is driven cpntinuously by some suitable mechanical means.
The receptacle A can be provided with an adjustable weight 25 so as to retain said re- 25 ceptacle in a certain normal position, and if desired, adashpot 1) can. be arranged be tween the receptacle and a stationary suport so as to prevent the receptacle from vioratin I refer to arran e the rece tacle A and the tra )ping apparatus inside of a case or cabinet .l so to protect said parts.
When the water in the upper compartment-lti of the tank C and in pipes 15 and 18 reaches a certain level a siphon will be created in the pipes 18 and 18 and thus cause the water to be sucked out of said upper compartment, thereby reducing the pressure of air in the lower compartment 17 and permitting to drop back to its normal level, completing the cycle of one analysis and restoring the conditions forthe beginning of a new cycle.
My device for analysis, and for au'toniatically drawing and measuring the gas sample to be analyzed for any given element, and for automatically recording the result of such analysis, is mechanically simpler than most of those devices for a similar purelement in the directly alters the position of the absorbent vessel itself in proportion to the percentage of the gas a sorbed by the contained absorb'ingmedium. This movement of the. absorbent vessel is directly and simply recorded without the necessity of delicate mechanism between .the absorbent vessel and the recording apparatus. In most successful devices of this character, hitherto, the absorbent vessel has been motionless; it has been essentially a U tube; the
rise of absorbing liquid in the far leg of this e' liquid solution in the burette 9 1w 'pose which-have hitherto come into extcm no sivc use,'m that the absorption oi the given Havin thus described mv invention what I claim as new and desire to securely Letters Patent is:
- l. A device for the purpose described, comprising a holloivmember that is mounted in such a manner that it can rock, an ah- I sorbing medium in said member, means for trapping off. a sample of gas of known volume and introducing it into said hollow member, and means for recordmg the degree oi movement 01' said member so as to determine' the percentage of the constituent that has been removed from the gas.
2. A device for the purpose described, co nprismg a hollow member that is mounted in such a manner that it can rock, an ab sol-hing medium in said member, means for trapping off a sample of gas of known volume and forcing t into contact with said absorbing medium, and means for registering the degree f-movement of said hollow.
member.
3. In adevice of the characted described, a receptacle that is mounted in such iiaman ner that it can rock, said receptacle'being provided atone .end with a coi1tracted,po1'- tion which open. to the atmosphere, and at its opposite end with an enlar ed portion that is approximately fiat and "when", an
absorbing medium in vsaid receptacle, and
means for supplying gas to the hpllow flat portion at one end of said receptacle.
l A device of the character; described,
having means for drawing gas from' a" source of supply, means for trapping 0a a sample of gas of known volume, a hollow member adapted to receive said sample and being mounted in such a manner that it can rock, and a medium in said receptacle for absorbing one of the constituents of said gas.
5. A device of the character described, comprising means for drawing gas from a sourceot' supply, means for trapping otl' a sample of gas of known volume, a hollow "member adapted to receive said sample and being mounted in such a manner that it can rock, a medium in said receptacle for ab sorbing one of the constituents of said gas,
and means for registering the degree of movement of said receptacle.
comprising means for drawing gas from a source of supply, means for trapping oil -a 'sam le of se of-known volume an a proximately U-shaped member for receiving said sample of gas and being mounted in such a manner that it can rock, said recepmately U-shaped member for receivingsaid sample ofgas and being mounted in such a manner that it can rock, said receptacle being open to the atmosphere, means in said receptacle for absorbing 'one of the constituents of said sample of gas, a recording mechanism, means operated by the move. ment oi said receptacle for actuating said recording mechanism,- and means for preventing said receptacle from vibratmq. In testimony whereof l hereun'to affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses,
this sixth day of October 1909.
. SETH D. MERTON. Witnes mszfl 1 (Visits 'L. CHURCH,- Geono n'f BA KEWELII.
5O 6. A device for the purpose described, I
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