US953301A - Lightning-arrester. - Google Patents

Description

J. C. SBAMAN.

LIGHTNING ARRESTBR.

APPLIGATION FILED oo'1.30, 1907.

-9.5 3,301 Patented Mar. 29, 1910.

LIGHTNING-TARRESTE.

953,301. Specification of nomment.v Patented Mar. 29, 1910.

Application tiled October 3G, 1907. Serial No. 399,960.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES C. SEAMAN, a citizen of the United States, resident of Collinwood, county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, have-invented a new and useful Improvement. in Lightning-Arresters, of which the following'is z1`specilication, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best inode in which I have vcontemplate-d applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

As indicated` this vinvention relates to spark or lightning arresters, particularly to that type of lighting arrester in which the liuc is protected Arom a i'ush of current by means of a chok: coil. ,As is well understood, the sudden establishment in such a coil ofgtlie current which followsv a lightning stroke or the like requires a. very great electromotive force. A narrow air gap being provided to ground, a spark across lsuch gap willfaccordingly be produced and being a comparatively good conductor the reater portion of the rush of current wil pass harmlessly by this path to earth. l

The object ot' the present invention is the provision of a device. of this general character that will he adapted to protect the line against a rusli ot' curi-cnt in either direction, and that will be withal economicalfin construction and easily installed.

To the accomplishment of theseand related ends said. invention consistsjof the means hereinafter fully described and particularlyy pointed out in the claims.

The annexed drawing. and the following description set forth' in 'detail 'certain mechanism embodying th invention, such djs-y clo'sed means constituting, however, but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the. invention may be used.

In said annexed drawing: Figure l represents in perspective` a lightning arrester embodying my several improvements; Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the same; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of such arrester showing its connections; and Fig. 4 is a similar diagranmiatic representation of connection. In such gures, then, A represcnts the base or casing of the several parts of the device, such base preferably consisting of 'a solid block of orcelain, slate or other non-conducting re 'ractory material, suitably holiowed out on its under side to provide room for the reception of such parts, the connections for which are on the top of the base. These parts comprise essentially a choke coil B and a grounded terminal C separated from the respective terminals b b of such choke coil by air gaps.

Such grounded terminal consists` preferablyy of a sk, orplete, 0 of carbon secured to the top of the base A by a screw c projected upwardly therethrough and bearing a thuinb-nut o2 on its' upper end. Such screw and nut form a terminal for the at tacliinent of onel end of a conductor c3, Figs. 3 and. Il, leading to a suitable plate, not shown, embedded'in the earthr or otherwise grounded.

In the first form of the choke coil B, illustrated in Fi s. l to 3, inclusive, such coil consists in e ect of two coils b Z' adapted to be serially connected in the line, ,the

-Wires b b" of which are 'attached to the binding posts providedin connection with the respective terminals o b aforesaid. Each of the two coils b" 7 2 coiisists of two terminelly joined conductors, Fig. 3, of suitable i size contiguously wound upon-iron cores b" but insulated from -eech other, by which.

means mutually opposing inductancesare developed, thus augmenting the choking effect of the coil. The connection bs between the two coils is joined by means of a short con ductor If with a. terminal b on the top of the. base A separated, like the terminals Z) b proper of the coil,'by an air gap from disk Y C constituting the grounded terminal of the device.

The modified form of the device illus-v -trated diagran'imatically only, F i 4, dii" coil. the arrangementof parts and conneca slightly modilied toi-m of the arrester. tions being otherwiseA the same, except that 50 The .form in which t-lie instrument' is the additional sparking terminal b-connectshown in the figures just described is that ed with the mid-point of the two coils is which, l preferably adopt when designing omittedthe same 'for use in connection with tele- The method'ot installation as well as the graph or other signal lines, although with operation of thedevicc should be suliiciently l??? practically no modilication, except in size of parts, it is adapted for use in any othei i out further dwelling thereon." It will be evident from the foregoing description withnoted, however, that by means of the above described construction I am enabled to eniploy` a single coil to choke a sudden rush of current irrespective of the direction of tiow of the same along the line, thus greatly enhancing the value of a device of this character. The choke, in other Words, comes between two terminals equally accessible to the ground plate providing a lcad from either` side of the arrester to ground each equally eiective. An additional advantage of prime importance arising from this construction is that the device, being reversible, cannot be put in wrongly but is fool proof. Where in addition connect the mid-point With a third terminal from which a. current ofhigh potential may escape to ,such grounded terminal across tlie intervening air gap, it Will be seen that one coil may be burned out without Wholly destroying the efiiciency of the device; the remaining' coil in most instances Wouldsuliice to still protect the line. The advantagegained in conipactness and increased eliicicncy by doubling the conductor forming the coil so as to utilize the mutual indncta'nces thereby developed will be. quite'obvious.

Other ymodes of applying the principle ot' my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being,r made as regards the` mechanism heroin disclosed, provided the meanC stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent o-l" such stated means be employed. l

I therefore 'particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention l. in a device oi" thc chaiacter described, the combination oic :i base oF nonconducting material, two choke coils inclosed in said base, the inner lends of said coils being connected and their outer ends extending with' out said base, whereby said coils may be con@ eeasoi nected in series in a line, a conductor leading;` from the connection between said coils to a point contiguous to the outer ends oi the same, and a grounded terminal separated :trom the terminals of said coils and that ot' Said conductor, by air gaps, substantially as described.

2. ln a device of the character described, the combination of a base of non-conducting material, two choke coils inclosed in said base, the inner ends of said coils beineT connected and their outer ends extending Without one face of said base, whereby said coils may be connected inseries in a line, a conductor leading from the connection between said coils to Idie saine tace of said base, and a grounded terminal on such face separated from 'the terminals ot said coils and that ot' said conductor by 'air `gaps, substantially asl described.

3. In a device of the character described,

the conibination of a base ot' non-conducting material, two choke coils inclosed in said base, each ot' said cliol e'-"coils consisting of two terminally joined conductors contiguously disposed in the coils but insulated `trom each other, the inner ends of said coils being;- connected and their outer ends extendinn' withont'one 'face of said base, whereby said coils may be connected in series in a line, a conductor'leading from the connec-l tion between said coils to the saine .tace otn said base. and a grounded terminal on such tace separated 'troni the lerniinalsl ot said' coils and tbat'ot' said conductor by air 2flaps, substantially as described. Y

Signed by me, this 26th day oi' ctobcr,

lllOT.

JAMES (l. SllAli/IAN. ilitteslod by:

llll. R. Roni),

JN0. if. OnnamN.

Images