US9515806B2 - Method and device for sending and receiving signals in wireless communication system - Google Patents

Method and device for sending and receiving signals in wireless communication system Download PDF

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US9515806B2
US9515806B2 US14/384,134 US201314384134A US9515806B2 US 9515806 B2 US9515806 B2 US 9515806B2 US 201314384134 A US201314384134 A US 201314384134A US 9515806 B2 US9515806 B2 US 9515806B2
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subframe
signal
downlink signal
downlink
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US20150043544A1 (en
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Inkwon Seo
Hanbyul Seo
Hakseong Kim
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LG Electronics Inc
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LG Electronics Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2643—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using time-division multiple access [TDMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2643—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using time-division multiple access [TDMA]
    • H04B7/2656—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using time-division multiple access [TDMA] for structure of frame, burst
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0005—Synchronisation arrangements synchronizing of arrival of multiple uplinks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wireless communication system and, more particularly, to a method and device for transmitting and receiving signals when transmission power of a downlink subframe significantly changes.
  • Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various kinds of communication content such as voice and data.
  • these communication systems are multiple access systems capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth and transmission power).
  • multiple access systems include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, a single carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system, and a multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) system.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency-division multiple access
  • MC-FDMA multi-carrier frequency division multiple access
  • An object of the present invention devised to solve the problem lies in technologies related to transmission and reception of signals in the case in which transmission power is suddenly changed among consecutive downlink subframes by partial change in the time division duplex (TDD) configuration.
  • TDD time division duplex
  • a method for transmitting a signal by a base station in a wireless communication system including transmitting a downlink signal in a first subframe configured to be used for uplink, wherein transmission timing of the first subframe is determined by a second subframe preceding the first subframe, wherein a time value for a user equipment receiving the first subframe is applied to the second subframe.
  • a base station in a wireless communication system including a transmit module, and a processor, wherein the processor transmitting a downlink signal in a first subframe configured to be used for uplink, wherein transmission timing of the first subframe is determined by a second subframe preceding the first subframe, wherein a time value for a user equipment receiving the first subframe is applied to the second subframe.
  • the first and second aspects of the present invention may include part or the entirety of elements disclosed below.
  • a predetermined signal may be transmitted before the third subframe is transmitted after transmission of the first subframe, the third subframe being a subframe subsequent to the first subframe.
  • the time value may be a time between transmission of the first subframe and transmission of the third subframe.
  • Transmission power in the first subframe may be set to be lower than transmission power of the third subframe.
  • the predetermined signal may be one of a signal appointed for power tracking between the user equipment or the base station and a dummy signal.
  • the second subframe may be one of a special subframe or an uplink subframe subsequent to the special subframe.
  • a method for receiving a signal by a user equipment in a wireless communication system including receiving a predetermined time value from a base station; and receiving a downlink signal from the base station through a first subframe, the first subframe being configured to be used for uplink, wherein reception timing of the first subframe is determined by a second subframe preceding the first subframe, wherein the predetermined time value is applied to the second subframe.
  • a user equipment in a wireless communication system including a receive module, and a processor, wherein the processor receives a predetermined time value from a base station, and receives a downlink signal from the base station through a first subframe, the first subframe being configured to be used for uplink, wherein reception timing of the first subframe is determined by a second subframe preceding the first subframe, wherein the predetermined time value is applied to the second subframe.
  • the third and fourth aspects of the present invention may include part or the entirety of elements disclosed below.
  • the user equipment may perform power tracking after receiving the first subframe until the user equipment receives the third subframe, the third subframe being a subframe received subsequent to the first subframe.
  • the time value may be a time between transmission of the first subframe and transmission of the third subframe.
  • Transmission power in the first subframe may be set to be lower than transmission power of the third subframe.
  • the second subframe may be one of a special subframe or an uplink subframe subsequent to the special subframe.
  • a user equipment may stably receive a signal through power tracking even if the transmission power suddenly changes among consecutive downlink subframes.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a radio frame structure
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid for one downlink (DL) slot.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a DL subframe structure.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an uplink (UL) subframe structure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a reference signal
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a heterogeneous network environment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating interference coordination.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating timing advance in TDD.
  • FIGS. 9 to 12 are diagrams illustrating setting of a ramping period according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating configuration of transceivers.
  • the embodiments described below are constructed by combining elements and features of the present invention in a predetermined form.
  • the elements or features may be considered selective unless explicitly mentioned otherwise.
  • Each of the elements or features can be implemented without being combined with other elements.
  • some elements and/or features may be combined to configure an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sequence of the operations discussed in the embodiments of the present invention may be changed.
  • Some elements or features of one embodiment may also be included in another embodiment, or may be replaced by corresponding elements or features of another embodiment.
  • Embodiments of the present invention will be described focusing on a data communication relationship between a base station and a terminal.
  • the base station serves as a terminal node of a network over which the base station directly communicates with the terminal. Specific operations illustrated as being conducted by the base station in this specification may be conducted by an upper node of the base station, as necessary.
  • base station may be replaced with terms such as “fixed station,” “Node-B,” “eNode-B (eNB),” and “access point”.
  • relay may be replaced with such terms as “relay node (RN)” and “relay station (RS)”.
  • terminal may also be replaced with such terms as “user equipment (UE),” “mobile station (MS),” “mobile subscriber station (MSS)” and “subscriber station (SS)”.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are supported by standard documents for at least one of wireless access systems including an institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 802 system, a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) system, a 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) system, an LTE-advanced (LTE-A) system, and a 3GPP2 system.
  • IEEE institute of electrical and electronics engineers
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • LTE 3GPP long term evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-advanced
  • 3GPP2 3rd generation partnership project
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • CDMA may be embodied through wireless technologies such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
  • TDMA may be embodied through wireless technologies such as global system for mobile communication (GSM)/general packet radio service (GPRS)/enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE).
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • EDGE enhanced data rates for GSM evolution
  • OFDMA may be embodied through wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and evolved UTRA (E-UTRA).
  • UTRA is a part of universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS).
  • 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) is a part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS), which uses E-UTRA.
  • 3GPP LTE employs OFDMA for downlink and employs SC-FDMA for uplink.
  • LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE.
  • WiMAX can be explained by IEEE 802.16e (wirelessMAN-OFDMA reference system) and advanced IEEE 802.16m (wirelessMAN-OFDMA advanced system). For clarity, the following description focuses on 3GPP LTE and 3GPP LTE-A systems. However, the spirit of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • an uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) data packet is transmitted on a subframe-by-subframe basis, and one subframe is defined as a predetermined time interval including a plurality of OFDM symbols.
  • 3GPP LTE supports a type-1 radio frame structure applicable to frequency division duplex (FDD) and a type-2 radio frame structure applicable to time division duplex (TDD).
  • FIG. 1( a ) illustrates the type-1 radio frame structure.
  • a downlink radio frame is divided into ten subframes. Each subframe includes two slots in the time domain. The time taken to transmit one subframe is defined as a transmission time interval (TTI).
  • TTI transmission time interval
  • a subframe may have a duration of 1 ms and one slot may have a duration of 0.5 ms.
  • a slot may include a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain and includes a plurality of resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain. Since 3GPP LTE employs OFDMA for downlink, an OFDM symbol represents one symbol period. An OFDM symbol may be referred to as an SC-FDMA symbol or a symbol period.
  • a resource block (RB), which is a resource allocation unit, may include a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in a slot.
  • the number of OFDM symbols included in one slot depends on the configuration of a cyclic prefix (CP).
  • CPs are divided into an extended CP and a normal CP.
  • a slot may include 7 OFDM symbols.
  • the duration of each OFDM symbol is extended and thus the number of OFDM symbols included in a slot is smaller than in the case of the normal CP.
  • a slot may include, for example, 6 OFDM symbols.
  • each slot includes 7 OFDM symbols, and thus each subframe includes 14 OFDM symbols.
  • the first two or three OFDM symbols of each subframe may be allocated to a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and the other three OFDM symbols may be allocated to a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • FIG. 1( b ) illustrates the type-2 radio frame structure.
  • the type-2 radio frame includes two half frames, each of which has 5 subframes, a downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS), a guard period (GP), and an uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS).
  • Each subframe includes two slots.
  • the DwPTS is used for initial cell search, synchronization, or channel estimation in a UE
  • the UpPTS is used for channel estimation in an eNB and UL transmission synchronization in a UE.
  • the GP is provided to eliminate interference taking place in UL due to multipath delay of a DL signal between DL and UL.
  • a subframe of the radio frame includes two slots.
  • radio frame structures are merely examples, and various modifications may be made to the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots included in a subframe, or the number of symbols included in a slot.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a resource grid for one DL slot.
  • a DL slot includes 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain and an RB includes 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • a slot may include 7 OFDM symbols.
  • a slot may include 6 OFDM symbols.
  • Each element in the resource grid is referred to as a resource element (RE).
  • An RB includes 12 ⁇ 7 REs.
  • the number NDL of RBs included in a downlink slot depends on a DL transmission bandwidth.
  • a UL slot may have the same structure as a DL slot.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a DL subframe structure. Up to the first three OFDM symbols of the first slot in a DL subframe are used as a control region to which control channels are allocated and the other OFDM symbols of the DL subframe are used as a data region to which a PDSCH is allocated.
  • DL control channels used in 3GPP LTE include, for example, a physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and a physical hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) indicator channel (PHICH).
  • PCFICH physical control format indicator channel
  • PDCH physical downlink control channel
  • HARQ physical hybrid automatic repeat request
  • the PHICH carries a HARQ ACK/NACK signal in response to uplink transmission.
  • Control information carried on the PDCCH is called downlink control information (DCI).
  • the DCI includes UL or DL scheduling information or UL transmission power control commands for UE groups.
  • the PDCCH delivers information about resource allocation and a transport format for a DL shared channel (DL-SCH), resource allocation information about a UL shared channel (UL-SCH), paging information of a paging channel (PCH), system information on the DL-SCH, information about resource allocation for a higher-layer control message such as a random access response transmitted on the PDSCH, a set of transmission power control commands for individual UEs of a UE group, transmission power control information, and voice over internet protocol (VoIP) activation information.
  • a plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in the control region.
  • a UE may monitor a plurality of PDCCHs.
  • a PDCCH is formed by aggregating one or more consecutive control channel elements (CCEs).
  • a CCE is a logical allocation unit used to provide a PDCCH at a coding rate based on the state of a radio channel.
  • a CCE corresponds to a plurality of RE groups.
  • the format of a PDCCH and the number of available bits for the PDCCH are determined depending on the correlation between the number of CCEs and a coding rate provided by the CCEs.
  • An eNB determines the PDCCH format according to DCI transmitted to a UE and adds a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to the control information.
  • the CRC is masked by an identifier (ID) known as a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) according to the owner or usage of the PDCCH.
  • ID identifier
  • RNTI radio network temporary identifier
  • the PDCCH may be masked by a cell-RNTI (C-RNTI) of the UE. If the PDCCH is for a paging message, the CRC of the PDCCH may be masked by a paging radio network temporary identifier (P-RNTI). If the PDCCH delivers system information, particularly, a system information block (SIB), the CRC thereof may be masked by a system information ID and a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI). To indicate that the PDCCH delivers a random access response in response to a random access preamble transmitted by a UE, the CRC thereof may be masked by a random access-RNTI (RA-RNTI).
  • SIB system information block
  • SI-RNTI system information RNTI
  • RA-RNTI random access-RNTI
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a UL subframe structure.
  • a UL subframe may be divided into a control region and a data region in the frequency domain.
  • a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) carrying uplink control information is allocated to the control region and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) carrying user data is allocated to the data region.
  • PUCCH physical uplink control channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • a UE does not simultaneously transmit a PUSCH and a PUCCH.
  • a PUCCH for a UE is allocated to an RB pair in a subframe. The RBs of the RB pair occupy different subcarriers in two slots. This is often called frequency hopping of the RB pair allocated to the PUCCH over a slot boundary.
  • the packets are transmitted over a radio channel, and therefore signal distortion may occur in the transmission process.
  • the received distorted signal should be corrected using channel information.
  • a signal which is known to both the transmitter and the receiver is transmitted and the degree of distortion of the signal received over the channel is used to detect the channel information. This signal is referred to as a pilot signal or a reference signal.
  • a channel state between a transmit antenna and a receive antenna needs to be identified to receive a correct signal. Accordingly, a separate RS is needed for each transmit antenna and, more particularly, for each antenna port.
  • the RSs may be divided into an UL RS and a DL RS.
  • the UL RSs include:
  • DM-RS demodulation-reference signal
  • a sounding reference signal for measuring UL channel quality at frequencies of different networks in the BS.
  • the DL RSs include:
  • CRS cell-specific reference signal
  • DM-RS demodulation-reference signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information-reference signal
  • MBSFN multimedia broadcast single frequency network
  • a positioning reference signal used to estimate geographic position information of a UE.
  • the RSs may be broadly divided into two reference signals according to the purposes thereof. There are an RS used to acquire channel information and an RS used for data demodulation. Since the former is used when the UE acquires channel information on DL, this RS should be transmitted over a wide band and even a UE which does not receive DL data in a specific subframe should receive the RS. This RS is also applied to situations such as handover.
  • the latter RS is sent by the BS along with a resource on DL.
  • the UE may receive the RS to perform channel measurement to implement data modulation. This RS should be transmitted in a region in which data is transmitted.
  • the CRS is used for acquisition of channel information and for data demodulation, and the UE-specific RS is used only for data demodulation.
  • the CRS is transmitted in every subframe in a wide band and RSs for up to four antenna ports are transmitted according to the number of transmit antennas of the BS.
  • CRSs for antenna ports #0 and #1 are transmitted. If the number of transmit antennas of the BS is 4, CRSs for antenna ports #0 to #3 are respectively transmitted.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a pattern in which CRSs and DRSs defined in a legacy 3GPP LTE system (e.g., Release-8) are mapped to resource block (RB) pairs.
  • a downlink RB pair as a unit to which an RS is mapped, may be represented as a unit of one subframe in the time domain times 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain. That is, one RB pair has a length of 14 OFDM symbols for a normal CP ( FIG. 5( a ) ) and a length of 12 OFDM symbols for an extended CP ( FIG. 5( b ) ).
  • FIG. 5 shows locations of RSs on RB pairs in a system in which the BS supports four transmit antennas.
  • resource elements denoted by “0”, “1”, “2” and “3” represent the locations of the CRSs for antenna port indexes 0, 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
  • REs denoted by “D” represent locations of the DMRSs.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a heterogeneous network wireless communication system including a macro eNB (MeNB) and micro eNBs (PeNBs or FeNBs).
  • MeNB macro eNB
  • PeNBs or FeNBs micro eNBs
  • heterogeneous network refers to a network in which an MeNB and a PeNB or FeNB coexist even when they use the same radio access technology (RAT).
  • RAT radio access technology
  • the MeNB is a normal eNB of a wireless communication system having wide coverage and high transmission power.
  • the MeNB may be referred to as a macro cell.
  • the PeNB or FeNB may be referred to as, for example, a micro cell, pico cell, femto cell, home eNB (HeNB), relay, etc. (the exemplified PeNB or FeNB and MeNB may be collectively referred to as transmission points).
  • the PeNB or FeNB a micro version of the MeNB, can independently operate while performing most functions of the MeNB.
  • the PeNB or FeNB is a non-overlay type eNB that may be overlaid in an area covered by the MeNB or in a shadow area that is not covered by the MeNB.
  • the PeNB or FeNB may cover a smaller number of UEs while having a narrower coverage and lower transmission power than the MeNB.
  • a UE (hereinafter, referred to as a macro-UE (MUE)) may be directly served by the MeNB or a UE (hereinafter, referred to as a micro-UE) may be served by the PeNB or FeNB.
  • MUE macro-UE
  • a UE hereinafter, referred to as a micro-UE
  • PeNB UE
  • FeNB UE
  • a PUE present in the coverage of the MeNB may be served by the MeNB.
  • PeNBs or FeNBs may be classified into two types according to whether UE access is limited.
  • the first type is an open access subscriber group (OSG) or non-closed access subscriber group (non-CSG) eNB and corresponds to a cell that allows access of the existing MUE or a PUE of a different PeNB.
  • the existing MUE can handover to the OSG type eNB.
  • the second type is a CSG eNB which does not allow access of the existing MUE or a PUE of a different PeNB. Accordingly, handover to the CSG eNB is impossible.
  • inter-cell interference control may be applied.
  • 3GPP LTE Release-8 defines a scheme of dividing a given frequency region (e.g., a system bandwidth) into one or more sub-regions (e.g., physical resource blocks (PRBs)) and exchanging an ICIC message for each frequency sub-region between cells.
  • a given frequency region e.g., a system bandwidth
  • sub-regions e.g., physical resource blocks (PRBs)
  • PRBs physical resource blocks
  • ICIC message for each frequency sub-region between cells For example, as information included in the ICIC message for the frequency resources, relative narrowband transmission power (RNTP), which is related to downlink transmission power, and UL interference overhead indication (MI) and UL high interference indication (HII), which are related to uplink interference, are defined.
  • MI UL interference overhead indication
  • HII UL high interference indication
  • the RNTP is information indicating downlink transmission power used by a cell that transmits an ICIC message in a specific frequency sub-region. For example, setting an RNTP field for a specific frequency sub-region to a first value (e.g. 0) may mean that downlink transmission power of a corresponding cell does not exceed a predetermined threshold value in the specific frequency sub-region. Setting the RNTP field for the specific frequency sub-region to a second value (e.g., 1) may mean that the corresponding cell cannot guarantee the downlink transmission power in the specific frequency sub-region. In other words, the downlink transmission power of the cell can be regarded as low when the RNTP field is 0, whereas the downlink transmission power of the cell cannot be regarded as low when the value of the RNTP field is 1.
  • the UL IOI is information indicating the amount of uplink interference that a cell transmitting an ICIC message suffers from (or is subjected to) in a specific frequency sub-region.
  • an IOI field for a specific frequency sub-region set to a value corresponding to a high amount of interference may suggest that a corresponding cell suffers strong uplink interference in the specific frequency sub-region.
  • a cell having received an ICIC message may schedule UEs that use low uplink transmission power from among UEs thereof.
  • UEs perform uplink transmission with low transmission power in the frequency sub-region corresponding to the IOI indicating strong uplink interference, and thus uplink interference that a neighboring cell (i.e. a cell having transmitted the ICIC message) suffers may be attenuated.
  • the UL HII is information indicating a degree of interference (or uplink interference sensitivity) that may be generated for a corresponding frequency sub-region according to uplink transmission in a cell transmitting an ICIC message. For example, if an HII field is set to a first value (e.g., 1) for a specific frequency sub-region, it may suggest that the cell transmitting the ICIC message can schedule UEs having high uplink transmission power for the specific frequency sub-region. On the other hand, if the HII field is set to a second value (e.g., 0) for the specific frequency sub-region, it may suggest that the cell transmitting the ICIC message can schedule UEs having low uplink transmission power for the specific frequency sub-region.
  • a first value e.g. 1
  • a second value e.g., 0
  • a cell having received the ICIC message may avoid interference from the cell having transmitted the ICIC message by scheduling UEs preferentially in a frequency sub-region for which the HII field is set to the second value (e.g., 0) and scheduling UEs capable of successfully operating in a strong interference environment in a frequency sub-region for which the HII field is set to the first value (e.g., 1).
  • 3GPP LTE-A defines a scheme of dividing the entire time domain into one or more time sub-regions (e.g., subframes) in frequency and exchanging information about whether silencing is performed for each time sub-region between cells.
  • a cell transmitting an ICIC message may transmit, to neighboring cells, information indicating that silencing is performed in a specific subframe, and does not schedule a PDSCH or a PUSCH in the specific subframe.
  • the cell receiving the ICIC message may schedule uplink and/or downlink transmission for UEs in the subframe in which silencing is performed in the cell having transmitted the ICIC message.
  • Silencing may refer to an operation in which a specific cell does not transmit most of the signals (or transmits with zero power or weak power) in a specific subframe on uplink and downlink.
  • a specific cell may configure a specific subframe as an almost blank subframe (ABS) with multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN).
  • ABS almost blank subframe
  • MBSFN multicast broadcast single frequency network
  • a cell applying interference may configure a specific subframe as an ABS with MBSFN. As shown in FIG.
  • an ABS may refer to a DL subframe in which only a CRS is transmitted and other control information and data are not transmitted (or only transmission of weak power is performed) in the control region and data region.
  • DL channels such as PBCH, PSS and SSS and DL signals may be transmitted.
  • the silencing operation may be performed on the specific subframe basis, and information indicating whether or not the silencing is performed may be referred to as an ABS subframe pattern (hereinafter, referred to as ABS. If not stated otherwise, ABS may be understood as representing one of the “ABS with MBSFN” and “ABS”).
  • ABS-related signaling defined in the current 3GPP LTE-A standard is broadly classified into ABS information and ABS status.
  • ABS information is information about a subframe used as an ABS which is represented by a bitmap.
  • FDD the information is configured with a bitmap of 40 bits.
  • TDD the bitmap, which varies depending on the UL-DL configuration, has up to 70 bits.
  • 40 bits represent 40 subframes, a bit indicates ABS when set to 1, and indicates non-ABS when set to 0.
  • restricted measurement is configured for a UE, the UE is informed of the number of CRS antenna ports of a corresponding cell for CRS measurement.
  • the measurement subset is a subset of ABS pattern information represented by a bitmap having 40 bits in FDD and up to 70 bits in TDD.
  • the measurement subset may be understood as a restricted measurement recommendation for configuring the restricted measurement for the UE.
  • the ABS status information element is used to assist in determining whether an eNB needs to change the ABS pattern.
  • subframes of a type 2 radio frame of TDD are respectively pre-configured to be used for uplink or downlink. More specifically, referring to Table 1 below, for example, when the UL-DL configuration is 0, subframes 0 and 5 of a radio frame may be pre-configured to be used for downlink, and subframes 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 and 9 may be pre-configured to be used for UL.
  • UL-DL configuration to be used by a specific eNB may be provided to the UE as part of system information.
  • neighboring eNBs are forced to use the same TDD configuration, i.e., the same UL-DL configuration for a reason such as interference.
  • At least one subframe configured as a UL subframe may be changed to and used as a DL subframe, or at least one subframe configured as a DL subframe may be changed/switched to and used as a UL subframe, in order to ensure smooth transmission of data.
  • transmission may be performed with a lower transmission power than in a normal DL subframe to reduce interference to a neighboring cell (e.g., interference of UL transmission of a neighboring cell which uses the same UL-DL configuration as a UL subframe is changed to a DL subframe).
  • a “reduced ABS” which is an ABS transmitted with a reduced power may be another example of the case in which a transmission power of a specific DL subframe is lower than other normal DL subframes.
  • the UE may smoothly receive signals. In other words, if DL transmission power drastically changes, the receiver of the UE fails to track such change, and thus demodulation performance thereof may be lowered. More specifically, for example, a power tracking module such as an automatic gain control (AGC) module may not properly operate.
  • AGC automatic gain control
  • a subframe configured to be used for UL in TDD is used for DL signal transmission as a possible case in which the transmission power of the specific DL subframe changes.
  • embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The same/similar principle may be applied to other cases such as FDD or the “reduced ABS”.
  • a specific sub frame that an eNB uses for DL signal transmission among the subframes configured to be used for UL is referred to as a UD subframe (or a first subframe).
  • timing advance (TA) in conventional LTE/LTE-A will be briefly reviewed for understanding of the embodiments.
  • timing advance refers to a factor (value) that adjusts transmission timing in consideration of propagation delay in signal transmission and reception between an eNB and a UE.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating timing advance in TDD. In the example of FIG. 8 , UL-DL configuration 1 is assumed.
  • a special subframe 801 in relation to the timing advance adjusts transmission/reception timing according to DL (propagation) delay and UL (propagation) delay.
  • a guard period of a special subframe compensates for time T 1 taken for a DL signal transmitted in a DL subframe 803 to reach the UE due to (propagation) delay and time T 2 taken for a UL signal transmitted in a subframe 805 , configured to be used for UL, to reach the eNB due to (propagation) delay. That is, the guard period of the special subframe buffers a timing difference between a DL signal arriving late due to DL delay and a UL signal that the eNB needs to transmit earlier to meet the reception timing, so as to coordinate the overall timing.
  • A-TA additional timing advance
  • A-TA is timing advance by name, but may not be exactly the same as the conventional TA in that it is intended to create a kind of gap between the timelines of an eNB and a UE.
  • the A-TA may be applied to a special subframe/guard period of the special subframe, which may be understood as establishing a ramping period enabling the UE to track the change in power by adjusting the UL signal reception timing of the eNB.
  • the transmission timing of a UD subframe may be determined by a special subframe preceding the UD subframe, and the A-TA may be applied to the special subframe (namely, the length of the special subframe is reduced by the A-TA).
  • the transmission timing of a UD subframe may be determined by a subframe subsequent to the special subframe among the UL subframes preceding the UD subframe.
  • the subframe subsequent to the special subframe may be a subframe subjected to the A-TA (i.e., a subframe that the UE transmits by applying the A-TA (along with the TA)).
  • Embodiment 1 will be specifically described with reference to FIG. 9 .
  • FIG. 9( a ) illustrates a case in which the A-TA is not applied, namely a case in which only the TA of conventional LTE/LTE-A is applied.
  • the UE applies the TA when it transmits a UL signal in a UL subframe (subframe (n+2)) subsequent to a special subframe (subframe (n+1)).
  • the UE may fail in performing demodulation after receiving a subframe (subframe (n+4)) subsequent to the UD subframe (subframe (n+3)) since time to track the power change lacks.
  • A-TA may be applied as shown in FIG. 9( b ) .
  • the UE in transmitting a UL subframe (subframe (n+2)) subsequent to the special subframe (subframe (n+1)), the UE applies the TA and the A-TA and performs transmission at time t1.
  • time t2 at which the eNB receives the UL subframe (subframe (n+2)) becomes earlier than the reception time t3, which corresponds to the case in which the A-TA is not applied, by the A-TA value.
  • the eNB may insert the time corresponding to the A-TA between the UD subframe (subframe (n+3)) and the DL subframe (subframe (n+4)) subsequent to the UD subframe.
  • the eNB may provide a ramping period to allow the UE to perform power tracking until transmission is performed in a DL subframe (subframe (n+4)) subsequent to the UD subframe.
  • providing the ramping period in part means that the eNB transmits a known signal, a dummy signal, or an appointed signal for tracking to allow the UE to perform power tracking for the ramping period.
  • the power for transmitting a signal such as the dummy signal may be equal to the transmission power used in normal DL subframes.
  • the eNB may shorten the interval of the special subframe (subframe (n+1)) by the period during which the UE can track the power change between DL subframes, and signal the period to the UE through an A-TA command.
  • the UE may assume that there is a ramping period for power tracking between the UD subframe and the subsequent DL subframe.
  • the eNB may indicate the location of the ramping period corresponding to the A-TA on the timeline through, for example, higher layer signaling.
  • Embodiment 2 relates to use of a fake special subframe configuration.
  • a fake special subframe configuration may be defined in addition to the existing subframe configurations.
  • the next UL subframe may begin in the UpPTS interval.
  • An OFDM symbol in which the next UL subframe begins may also be signaled.
  • transmission of a UL subframe (subframe (n+2)) may begin in the UpPTS interval of the special subframe of the existing subframe configuration according to the fake special subframe configuration, in order to secure the ramping period (corresponding to the A-TA).
  • an overlap period in which the special subframe of the existing subframe configuration overlaps the UL subframe (subframe (n+2)) may be produced.
  • the overlap period may be set to be equal to or longer than the power tracking period of the UE.
  • the eNB may indicate information about the transmission power thereof in the UD subframe through higher layer signaling to the UE in order to complete tracking within the ramping period for power tracking.
  • the signaling may indicate an absolute value of power or a ratio (in dB) of the transmission power to the power of a normal DL subframe.
  • the transmission power value may be fixed to a predefined value.
  • the UE may be construed as being capable of tracking the power difference between subframes by securing time for the tracking as the eNB shortens and transmits a special subframe within a certain period for the UD subframe whose usage changes within the period.
  • the eNB may signal information about whether the usage of a subframe changes and about the power difference, the length of gap (i.g., A-TA) for tracking the power difference, the location of the gap, etc.
  • the UE tracks the power difference through adjustment of transmission and reception timing based on the signaled information. This process includes a process of recognizing that the DMRS pattern is changeable.
  • the A-TA may have a preset value, or may be implemented in a manner that the eNB signals a specific TA value.
  • the preset value may be determined by defining a minimum requirement for tracking the power difference.
  • Embodiment 3 relates to a method for applying rate matching/puncturing with a ramping period included in the UD subframe and placed between the UD subframe and a subsequent DL subframe.
  • the UD subframe (subframe (n+3))
  • at least one OFDM symbol from the end of the UD subframe may be used as a ramping period for power tracking of the UE.
  • the eNB may perform rate matching for the OFDM symbol corresponding to the ramping period.
  • the eNB may transmit a known signal, a dummy signal, or an appointed signal for tracking to allow the UE to perform power tracking.
  • the eNB may indicate resource information (e.g., a subframe and/or OFDM symbol) subjected to rate matching/puncturing through higher layer signaling to the UE.
  • the ramping period is applied to the UD subframe as described above, restriction on use of DMRS or a DMRS of a new pattern is needed. Since the existing DMRS is mapped onto a resource including the last two symbols of a subframe, the DMRS of the second slot cannot be transmitted among the DMRSs when at least one OFDM symbol of the UD subframe from the end of UD subframe is used as a ramping period.
  • the eNB may transmit only the DMRS of the first slot, and the UE may be configured to perform channel estimation using only the DMRS of the first slot.
  • the DMRS may be shifted forward by the number of rate-matched OFDM symbols.
  • the DMRS pattern for the existing special subframe may be used in the UD subframe such that DMRSs of 12 REs (or 24 Res for the rank higher than or equal to 3) present in the first and second slots are all used even when the last symbol of the subframe is rate-matched.
  • the DMRS pattern for the conventionally defined special subframe is used as above, a new DMRS pattern does not need to be defined.
  • the embodiments described above may also be applied to D2D communication. Details will be described with reference to FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 12 it is assume that UE 1 receives a signal from an eNB in subframe N and receives a signal from UE 2 in subframe (N+1).
  • the difference between the power of the signal received from UE2 and the power of the signal received from the eNB may increase, and when the power difference increases beyond a certain level, tracking of the power different may be needed.
  • the embodiments described above may be applied. That is, by designing the UD subframe as a subframe for D2D in Embodiments 1 to 3, a period in which the difference between the reception power from the eNB and the reception power from UE2 can be tracked may be ensured.
  • feedback information of UE1 may be additionally needed. That is, UE1 may feed the reception power from the eNB and the reception power from UE2, the power difference therebetween, and necessity of tracking of the power difference back to the eNB. Upon receiving the feedback, the eNB may signal an A-TA command and a subframe set for D2D, thereby ensuring power tracking for UE1. As a specific method for configuring a gap for tracking after feedback, Embodiments 1 to 3 may be used.
  • a new subframe structure for D2D communication may be configured.
  • the number of OFDM symbols may be reduced by one or two compared to the number of OFDM symbols in the conventional subframe, and a corresponding time may be disposed ahead of, behind, or at both ends of the subframe such that the time is used as a period for power tracking.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating configuration of an eNB and a UE according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • an eNB 1310 may include a receive module 1311 , a transmit module 1312 , a processor 1313 , a memory 1314 , and a plurality of antennas 1315 .
  • the antennas 1315 represent an eNB that supports MIMO transmission and reception.
  • the receive module 1311 may receive various signals, data and information from a UE on uplink.
  • the transmit module 1312 may transmit various signals, data and information to a UE on downlink.
  • the processor 1313 may control overall operation of the eNB 1310 .
  • the processor 1313 of the eNB 1310 may operate to implement the embodiments described above.
  • the processor 1313 of the eNB 1310 may function to operationally process information received by the eNB 1310 or information to be transmitted from the eNB 1310 , and the memory 1314 , which may be replaced with an element such as a buffer (not shown), may store the processed information for a predetermined time.
  • a UE 1320 may include a receive module 1321 , a transmit module 1322 , a processor 1323 , a memory 1324 , and a plurality of antennas 1325 .
  • the antennas 1325 represent a UE that supports MIMO transmission and reception.
  • the receive module 1321 may receive various signals, data and information from the eNB on downlink.
  • the transmit module 1322 may transmit various signals, data and information to the eNB on uplink.
  • the processor 1323 may control overall operation of the UE 1320 .
  • the processor 1323 of the UE 1320 may operate to implement the embodiments described above.
  • the processor 1323 of the UE 1320 may function to operationally process information received by the UE 1320 or information to be transmitted from the UE 1320 , and the memory 1324 , which may be replaced with an element such as a buffer (not shown), may store the processed information for a predetermined time.
  • the configurations of the transmission point apparatus and the UE as described above may be implemented such that the above-described embodiments are independently applied or two or more thereof are simultaneously applied, and description of redundant parts is omitted for clarity.
  • Description of the eNB 1310 in FIG. 13 may be equally applied to a relay as a downlink transmitter or an uplink receiver, and description of the UE 1320 may be equally applied to a relay as a downlink receiver or an uplink transmitter.
  • the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented through various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • a method according to embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), a processor, a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, etc.
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • processor a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, etc.
  • a method according to embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a module, a procedure, or a function that performs the functions or operations described above.
  • Software code may be stored in a memory unit and executed by a processor.
  • the memory unit is located at the interior or exterior of the processor and may transmit and receive data to and from the processor via various known means.

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