US950634A

US950634A - Screen.

Info

Publication number: US950634A
Application number: US38848107A
Authority: US
Inventors: Henry Higgin
Original assignee: HIGGIN Manufacturing CO
Current assignee: HIGGIN Manufacturing CO
Priority date: 1907-08-14
Filing date: 1907-08-14
Publication date: 1910-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 1927-03-01

Description

H. HIGGIN.

SCREEN. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 14, 1907. 950,634. Patented Mar. 1, 1910.

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IN VENTOR.

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scum. APP LIOATIOH FILED AUG.14. 1907.

ALELEQJ H H EEEEEEEE INVENTOR.

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12. Fig".

UNITED STATES PAEENT OFFICE.

HENRY HIGGIN, OF NEWPORT, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO THE HIGGIN MANUFACTUB ING COMPANY, OF NEWPORT, KENTUCKY, A. CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

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Specification Letters ratent.

Application filed Augustm, 1907. Serial No. 388,481.

. To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY Hmom, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Newport, in the county of Campbell and State of Kentuc have invented certain new and useful mprovements in Screens, of which the following is a specification.

The several features of my invention and the various advantages resultin from their use conjointly or otherwise will apparent from the following description and claims.

In the accompanying drawings, making pa rt of this specification, and in which simiar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts,-Figure 1 is a view'partly in elevation and partly in perspective'sectlon, of a screen illustrating my invention. Fig. 2 is a view in perspective of a short length of that guide for the screen which is attached to the aft hand side (viewed from within the house) of the frame of the window which is to receive the screen. F1 3 is a pers ective view of a short length 0 that guide or the screen which is attached to the right hand side of the window which is to receive the screen. Fig. 4 is an enlarged end elevation of the guide shown in Fig.2, and'at the left hand in Fig. 10, and il ustrating the preferred construction thereof. Fig. 5 is an enlarged end elevation of the in Fi 3, and at the right ban in Fig. 10, and illustrating the preferred construction thereof. Fig. 6 is a view in elevation of the rimary frame of the screen, and of the ad acent portions of the screen clot-h applied thereto. Fig. 7 is a view partly in section and artly 1n erspective elevation of an outsi e corner or the frame. This corner embodies certain features of my invention. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of'this outside corner from another point of view. Fig. 9 is a plan or bottom view of that part of this corner {shown in Fi s.-5 and 6) to which the spring is united. ig. 10 is a' ross section of the completed screen taken in the plane of the

dotted lines

10, 10, or of the

dotted lines

10, 10, of Fig. 1, when the frame is in position in the win ow, the guides which are attached to the window frame and are employed to hold the screen in place being also shown in section. Fig. 11 is a transverse section of the primary or red frame and of a ortion of the screen around and in proximity to this rod frame. Fig. 12 is a transguide shown verse section of the moldin which extends around the entire screen. lg. 13 is a view Patented Mar. 1, 1910.

of one end of the style of corner which at each c,orner embraces the molding indicated in Fig. 12 and shown in Fig. 1. ig. 14 isa view of the other end of the corner, one end of which is shown in Fi 13. Fig. 15 represents an end elevation il ustrating a modified construction of the guides 'shown in Figs. 2, 4, and at the left hand in Fig. 10. Fig. 16 represents an end elevation illustrating a modified construction of the guides shown in Figs. 3 5 and at the right hand in Fig. 10. w'll now proceed to describe in detail my im roved screen.

s a first step in screen, I rovide a primary frame A. This consists o a rod bent at four places to form the respective corners A, A, A and A". The two ends of the rod where they meet are preferably joined firmly together. One means, and a referred one, for joiningtoether the on s of this rod-frame is the cove A. Into the opposite ends of this sleeve the res ective ends of the rod-are passed. The p ace where these ends of the rods shall meet. is preferably at one of the sides because the top and bottom parts of the screen are subjected to more abuse and strain than are the sides; and the place of their meetin at the side is preferably near a corner of t 'e frame so as to be within the strengthening embrace of one of the corner pieces. The screen-cloth wire-netting, is ap lied to this frame. The edge portions of t is screen-cloth are bent over and around the adjacent portions of the rimary frame A,'and so as to have a slight ap B on the main body of the screen-cloth within and beyond the primary frame.

the construction of the .13, also known as has Figs. 1', 10 and 11, this overlapping of the screen-cloth by the edge portions 18 illustrated.

Thusin Fig. 11, thescreen-cloth is shown bent" around the frame rod A and lapping at B against 5 the screen-cloth. Th1s primary frame ,and screen-cloth thus combined I reinfor'ce-with a moldi C, which I so form asto embrace the prlmary frame and the screen-cloth there'and in that vicinity. This ,105 strip 0 sheetmetal, bent so as to form in end s. 1 and 10, and

tom groove (1. The roof of the groove is in- 410 1 other.

cheated by d and the sides of the groove by d 03. These sides at the bottom extend sidewise and outward forming the bottom ortions e, e. From the outer side of these ottom ortions e, e, the metal is extended up and orms the outer sides f, f. These in turn respectively merge into the adjacent neck pieces f''-, f, at-which point the molding is contracted. The neck pieces f 7, enlarge into the semi-cylindrical portions f f and these latter terminate in the contracted flanged edges or lips f, whose free terminal edges f f incline inward toward each After this molding G has been applied to the primary frame and cloth screen, the rod Aand screen-cloth around it are tightly embraced within the semi-cylindrical portions f f viz. within the space g, (Fig. 12) as shown 1n Figs. 1 and 10, in connection with the illustrative Figs. 11 and 12, and the lips or flanges f, f; f, f, tightly pinch and hold between them the adjacent portion of the main body of the screen-cloth near the rod A, and also the lap B of the screencloth, as indicated in F lgs. l and 10. The screen-cloth is thus tightly held fast and cannot pull loose from around the primary frame, but remains in position, and well and flatly stretched upon the frame. The molding thus applied extends around and forms the exterior or surface frame on the top, bottom and sides. The frame is now ready to receive the corners, whose construction and application also constitute features of my invention. These corners are alike, and a description of any one will serve as a description of each of the others.

The corner piece, as its name implies, has a part M extending in one direction and a second litllt N extending in another direction, name y: at right angles to the part M. This entire corner piece is made of thin sheet metal, preferably of copper. The part M is s mmetrical on each side and continuous t roughout. It has at the base, the groove havlng a roof p and the sides p", 39 At the base of these sides the metal is bent outwardly and forms the bottom ends 8, s. The

neck t, 25 of the molding M; the metalis next extended outwardly and around in a curved direction forming the semi-cylin drical parts t t. It is then extended in the lips or flanges 251, t, whichv respectively termlnate in the tnrned-inwardl edge portions t, t. This-corner art M embraces the frame molding C, of ig. 12 heretofore described, and everywhere fits it closely, substantially as shown in'Fig. 1 and at the left hand portion of Fig. 10. The parts p 77*, p, fit within the groove d of the molding C, and the sides p, are respec ively closely adjacent tothe inner side of the walls d 03 The cylindrical space V is occupied by the cylindrical portions f f of the molding C, and the lips t, 23", t", i", press closely upon the respective lips f, f f f", of the molding C.

The corner-part N is made like the corner part M in configuration, with the exception that the inner side walls 1), p are not connected by a roof or partition and an open space V there remains extending from the groovcr space 1) toward the neck t t Theinner side walls p, preferably extend a short distance only toward the space V This corner part N embraces the molding C substantially in the same manner asthe part 'M embraces it','see Fig. 1 and the right hand portion of Fig. 10.

My improved screen is held in place by guides, in conjunction with spring mechanism. The springs are of suitable form and are suitably attached, and the preferred mode and place of locating them is as follows: A spring of the shape of that shown and indicated in Figs. 1, 7, 8 and 9, is resent. in the roof p of the corner part $4, I make two transverse cuts \V, W, and then press the metal l w of this roof between the moval of a spring is because it is broken or defective and should be replaced bya new one. In practice, but few springs are defective, and the sprin s if properly made will last a long time. The drawing, Fig. 1, illustrates-the position of these springs relatively to the adjacent side edge of the screen. The springs X are in reverse position relatively to each other. That is, the free ends of the springs point toward one another. This free end of each spring, shown in dotted lines, is free to slide toward the midlength of the screen as the arch X of the spring is pressed toward the screen. It is to be noted that the absence of a roof p in the part N, allows the-spring X free play, when compressed toward and into the space (i. The f guides for holding the screen in the window are objective ones; that is to say, each projects out in the form of an elongated strip or bead, instead of being in the form of a bead J,-which is a constituent part ofthe window frame and serves toseparate and to participate in forming the guideways in which the lower sash and the upper sash res ectively slide.

means. In the present illustrative instance,

they are connected thereto by nails I, whose heads are sunken in the countersunk holes I of the guide.

The two guides are of different heights,

that is to say, of different degrees of extension. Thus the right hand guide H, see Figs. 3, 5, 16 and the right hand portion of Fig. 10,'is comparatively low say, for instance, is three-sixteenths of an inch in height, or outward extension from the window frame J, and the left hand guide H, Figs. 2, at and 15, and the left hand ortion of Fig. 10, is somewhat higher, and 1s for instance five-sixteenths of an inch in height, or outward extension from its adiacent window frame J.

It is now proper to explain the mode of locating the screen in the window. The

operator takes the screen and applies the left hand vertical edge of the screen so that the left hand guide H fits into the opening 1), cl, of the combined moldings, see the left hand portion of Fig. 10. He then presses the screen toward the left, thus compressing the arch of each spring X between the li e H and the roof d of the primary mol ing, until nearly all of the guide (5. e. its extension from the window frame J) has entered and is within the groove d of the primary molding and lies between the sides or walls p, {0 of the corner piece M. The screen is now ar enough to the left to allow the right hand side edge of the screen to pass the right hand guide H. But when this right hand side edge of the screen comes opposite this right hand guide, the operator allows the springs X, X, to act. As they operate, they push the screen toward the right causing the right hand corner pieces M, M, to receive within their grooves d, d, this ri ht hand guide H, substantially as illustrate at the ri ht hand end of Fig. 10. The springs X, elastically continue to cause the right hand edge of the screen to embrace the right hand guide H. At the same time, the extra height (projection) of the left hand guide H will cause it to project into the groove 1?, d, of the compound molding made up of the molding C and the corner part N. Therefore the screen cannot leave either of the guides H, H, and is held by them in position, in the window. The screen is free to slide up or down on these guides H, H, the roof p of the molding 0 bearing against the outer face of the right hand guide H and sliding thereon, and the springs face of the thereon.

It will be observed that each of the corner pieces M, N has a four-fold function. First,

left hand guide H and sliding X, X, bearing against the outer it (each piece-M, N) strengthens that corner of the screen where it is. econd, on the left hand sideof the screen, the parts M, M, each respectively hold the fixed end of the adjacent s ring X, and thirdly, the parts N, N, of eac corner provide a groove wherein the spring can be received, and wherein the adjacent high guide can be received. Fourthly, on the right hand edge of the screen, each corner being reserved and the part N thereof receives the right guide H, and the shallow groove of this part N of the corner enables the screen to be ri htly located relatively'to both this guide an the left hand guide when the screen is in use. A fifth possible function is that the grooves in the parts N, M, of the corners, at the top and ottom of the screen allow the beads respectively fixed on the top and bottom of the window frame to enter them, the said grooves, when it is desired to fully close and make dust proof the slight space between the screen and such adjacent to or bottom part of the said window frame. ong the other advantages resulting from the use of these features of my invention, I now mention the following. When moisture gathers on the screen from the rain or the dew, or from washing the windows, any moisture descending on the screen-cloth and finding its way into the primary molding, or the corner iece does not. stopat the roof d", or the roo p and cause these to rust or oxidize, but having an o portunity to descend, it passes down into t e bottom grooves of the parts e and S, and there is out of the way of injuring the most important portions of the moldings. In these bottom grooves it will dry again. Another advantage is that the uides H, H, not being grooved to receive the edges of the screen, they will not cut or injure the hands of the person working at the window,'or cleaning the latter, as is usuall the case where grooved guides are use as such grooved guides have for the most part sharp edges. Another advantage is that both sides of the screen frame are fully seen and are not partially hidden, as is the case where certain other kinds'of guides are employed. The sides of the screen frame being thusfully seen, the appearance of the screen is quite symmetrical, and where the sides are of handsomely marked metal, etc., the whole of such beauty is visible to charm the eye.

Another advantage of a screen constructed as hereinbefore specified, is that the entire edge of the wire netting (screen-cloth) is evervwhere protected, and not only is this true, expansion and contraction, and will yet keep close to the window frame. Further more, the frame will accommodate itself to a certain amount of irregularity in the shape (conformation) of the window frame. All builders of houses are well aware that almost but the entire frame admits of a certain such material I prefer touse copper.

surface of this stee every window of a series meant to be constructed of exactly the same size will vary dow, will be obvious.

So far as the primary molding is concerned, the same dpiece which supports and embraces the ro frame and the screencloth, also provides a thus performing this t reefold function. The corner pieces M and N may be made separate and oined at the corner. So also the corner piece N may be made in two pieces and afterward united. But the'absence of the roof p in one of the corner pieces, namel the piece N allows the two, parts'M and h? of the corner to be made of one piece of metal, and be integral. Under certain conditions, the advantage ofsuch a capability is great. Y

The guides may each be made of a strip of wood, or be of a solid iece of metal or of a sheet of metal bent. here present a'c'onstruction of these 'uides which embodies certain features 0% my invention. The guide is made of a-strip of sheet metal bent into a U-sha e, substantially as illustrated in- Figs. 2 an 3, the open side of the guide bein next to theqwindow. frame. So far as notion of the lguide as a. projecting uide presenting to t e screen a metal sur- 'ace is concerned, the open space of the ide as disposed, is not a material matter. desire to have those surfaces of the guide which are exposed to the weather and to moisture of a non-oxidizable materiaLCOf opper is expensive. I therefore make the main ortion of this U-shaped ide of sheetsteel bent to sha e and app y to the outer PH :1 very thin lamina or sheet of copper H This copper extends over the to and sides of this steel form and extends un er the lower ends H of this steel form, and extends up into the space within the steel form along the upper sides of the latter, making the aps H, H. See Figs. 4 and 5. Thus the moisture present on the top or sides or bottoms of the guide, or on the surface of the window frame J cannot. reach the steel to rust it, and thus to im air the durability or its usefulness. A mo ification of this copper coated guide is presented in Fi 1 5 and 16. There I employ a strip H 0 wood and I cover this with the thin copper sheet H This sheet H extends over the to and sides of the stri 31, and also under t ose'edge portions H of the bottom which are adjacent to the sides. In this way, I utilize the copper laminaor sheathing H to protect the wood from ,the attacks 0 moisture.

. A great many slight changes might be made in "the general form and arrangement? roove for the guide,

emcee of the parts described without departing from my invention, and hence I do not confine-myself to the recise details set forth, but consider mysel at liberty to make such slight changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

What I claim as new, and of my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s:-- v 1. In a screen, the combination of the primary rod frame, and the screen-cloth extended around this ,frame and lapped upon itself beyond the frame, a molding made in one piece, and having the lips f f located at opposite sides or the screen-cloth and its lap and respectively provided with the tips f, f, which pinch the screen-cloth tightly between them, and the semi-cylindrical parts i f, screen-cloth there, and below these v last named parts, the constricted neck the sides extending outward from this neck and merging into the sides f, 7, extending down-and terminating in the bottom bends e, e, which latter res ectively extend inwardlyand there unite wit the innerwalls d, which extend up, and the roof d united to the u er ends 0 the walls d (i these walls (1 d and the roof d formin the complete groove d, 1siulcalstantially as and for the purposes speci- 2. In a screen, a corner having a portion adapted to embrace the frame and having agroove p, a. roof (ori bottom) of the groove, the walls of the groove terminating 1n the bends, the bends, and walls extending respectively from these bends and then a contracted neck formed by the extension of these walls, semi-cylindrical portions formed by the continuation of these walls, anda contracted portion formed by the up preach ofthesfi. walls toward the screencloth, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a screen, a corner havin a portion having walls a proaching each ot er at their edges, for hol infigthe screen-cloth, a cylindrical portion, ormed of the walls each shaped into a semi-cylindrical form, a contraction or neck formed b said walls below said cylindrical part, and

the further ex-. tension of'the walls, and the bends formed embracing the rod and the by the further extension of the walls, and a the backwardly secured ends of the walls, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a screen, a primary frame and screen-cloth applied thereto, a. primary moldmg having a. central portion of a cylindrical form, embracing the first named frame, a corner having a portion provided with a cylindrical part embracing the first named frame, and having, on. one side of this cylindrical part a pair of lips holding between them the screen-cloth, a contracted neck on the other sideaof said cylindrical portion and an enlarged portion beyond the.

.bracing the first named frame and further provided with the lips for holding between them the screen-cloth, a corner having a portion provided with a cylindrical part embracing the first named frame, a contracted neck on the side of this cylindrical part nearest the outer edge of the frame, and an enlarged portion beyond the neck and provided with a groove whose roof and sides are formed by the rentering of the walls of this corner, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a screen, a frame and screen-cloth wrapped around said frame, a primary moldin having a central portion of a cylin t dr1cal form, embracing the first named frame, and further provided with lips on one side of this cylindrical part which tightly hold the screen between them, and a corner iece having a portion provided with a cylindrical 'part embracin the cylindrical art of the primary mol ing, and a pair 0 lips respectively outside of the lips of the primary molding and converging at their free edges to the screen-cloth, the por- 1 tion of this corner part on the other side of the cylindrical part being. provided with a groove, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. In a screen, a frame and screen-cloth applied thereto, a primary molding having at one end a groove, and a central portion embracing the said frame, and at the other end a pair of lips engaging the screen-cloth, and a corner having a cylindrical portion 9 embracing the cylindrical portion of the primary moldin and a pair of dips respectively outsi e of and extending over the lips of the primary molding, and further provided with extending walls which embrace the corresponding walls of the primary molding, and are carried down beyond the bends of the mouth of the groove of the first named molding, and up within the groove of said rimary molding and are there provided with a roof which is situated nearer the outer edge of the screen than the roof of the groove of the primary molding, substantially as and for the purposes specified. y

8. In a screen, a frame and screen-cloth applied thereto, a primary molding having a hollow cylindrical portion embracing and securing said frame in .position, and further provided with a groove adapted to re tame, and

a corner, a part of which-has-a cylindrical. portion embracing the cylindrical part of the primary frame, and lips which engage the screen-cloth, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

9. In a screen, a frame and screen-cloth. applied thereto, aprimary molding havi a hollow cylindrical portion embracing aiid' securing said frame in position,.and provided with a groove to receive the guide of the window frame, and a corner, a portion of which has a cylindrical portion embracing the cylindrical part of the primary frame, and lips whichengage the screencloth, this portion of the said corner extendin out into two walls res ectively outside of the grooved portion 0 the primary molding, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

10. In a screen, a frame. and screen-cloth. applied thereto, a rimary molding having a hollow cylindrical portion closely embracing said frame, and provided with a roove-v to receive the guide of the window rame,- and lips which engage the screen-cloth, and a corner, a portion of which has a cylindrical part embracing the cylindrical art" of the primary frame, and wa'lls'exten ing from said cylindrical portion alongthe outside of the sidewalls of-the groovecof1 the primary moldin and then around thea free edges of the wa ls-of said groove; andbackward for a distance, substantially. as and for the purposes specified.

11. In a screen, a fr'ante and screen-cloth applied thereto, a primary molding having a hollow cylindrica portion closelyembracing said frame, and provided with a oove to receive the guide of the window rame, and lips which engage the screen-cloth, and a corner, a portion of which has a cylindrical part embracing the cylindrical part of the primary frame, and walls extend ng from said cylindrical ortion alonfg outside of the side walls of t e groove 0 the r1- mary molding and then around. the rec edges of the walls of said groove, and backward for a distance, and lips Wl'llCh embrace the lips of the primary molding, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

12. In a screen, a primary frame and screen-cloth wrapped around it, a molding vi ed with a groove and a corner consisting of two parts, one part having a cylindrica portion embracing that cylindrical portion of the primary molding w h1ch embraces the rimary frame and provided with a roof, and the other ortion of the corner consisting of a cylin rical portion embracing the primary moldin and whosewalls extend from the said cy 1ndrical portion and dowp outside of the walls of the groove of the primary molding and lap around the bottom of said walls, substantially poses s ecified.

13. n a screen, a primary frame, screencloth applied thereto, and a primary molding, having a cylindrical portion which embraces the primary frame and rovided with lips which engage the screen. oth, and also having a groove adapted to receive the guide of the window frame, in combination with a corner consisting of two pieces, one of said pieces embracing the primary molding and provided with a groove 1' ing within the groove of the primary mol ing, the other of said corners embracing the primary molding'at the cylindrical portion, and also embracing the outer walls of the primary mold ing between which the groove of the primary as and fertile purmolding is contained, but said corner portion being 0 en at bottom so as to admit the guide 0' the window frame Within it, and also within the groove of the rimary molding as far as the roof of the atte'r, the first named portion of the corner iece being pro vided with an incision W, and a portion of the roof raised therefrom combined with a spring whose adjacent end is inserted through said incision and between the raised portion of the roof and the adjacent portions thereof, the other end of the spring resting in the groove of the primary molding at the other side of the corner, substantially as and for the purposes specified 1a. The combination of guides on the crease window frame, and a screen provided with a primary frame, and a molding embracing the same, a spring, reversible corners, respectively located at opposite :edge portions of the frame, each of these reversible corners respectively provided with grooves, and adapted to permit the spring to lie within the groove of one part of the corner piece, while the other portion of the corner piece is rovided with a groove having a roof, sai corner piece when in duplicate and used on the opposite edge of the frame permitting that portion of the corner piece provided with a groove having a roof to he used in conjunction with the guide on that edge of the frame, while the first named ortion of the opposite corner piece is used in conjunction with the guide at the opposite ed e,

thespring on the one side retaining tie screen upon the window frame guide at the opposite edge of the window, one of the grooves of the reversible corner piece at its ottom provided with means for attachin the heel of the spring, the spring curved an connected at its heel on the one groove, and extending in the groove around the corner and located in the other groove of the corner, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

HENRY HIGGIN. Attest STARBUOK Srrrrrr, K. SMITH.