US950078A - Sighting apparatus for ordnance. - Google Patents

Description

B. oLssou. SIGHTING APPARATUS FOR ORDNANOE,

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 21, 1908.

950,07 8. Patented Feb.v22, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 21,1908.

Patent ed Feb. 22, 1910.

3 QHBETS-SEEET 2.

E. OLSSON.

SIGHTING APPARATUS FOR ORDNANCE.

APPLICATION FILED 00121, 1908.

950,078. Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Irv/2116721577 vii Z" IS 01 wmew 63 M I ANDREW a (mum cm- PHOTU-LIWOGRAPNERS, WASNNGYDNO. a

EMIL OLSSON', 0F BO FORS, SWEDEN.

SIGHTING APPARATUS FOR ORDNANCE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

Application filed October 21, 1908. I Serial No. 458,907.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EMIL OLSSON, subject of Sweden, residing at Bofors, county of IVermland, Kingdom of Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Sighting Apparatus for Ordnance, of which the following is a specification.

In ordnance of that kind where the gunbarrel, independently of the line of sight can be adjusted for the elevation corresponding to the range, there arises, if, for some reason, the axle of the elevation-trunnions takes up an inclined-position, after the piece has been sighted, a fault in the direction of the line of sight in relation to the barrelaxis, which said fault makes itself felt both in a horizontal and a vertical direction, or, in other words, it can be divided into a horizontal and a vertical component. In order to correct this fault, the line of sight must, therefore, be swung in both a horizontal and a vertical direction relatively to the gunbarrel. These rotations have hitherto been executed separately, so that the line of sight has first been rotated around a vertical axle until it has become parallel with the vertical-plane through the barrel axis, and thereupon around a horizontal axle until the necessary elevation has been restored. It has, however, proved, that it facilitates the sighting of the ordnance if both above-mentioned corrections can be carried out simultaneously without demanding more atten tion on the part of the sighter than a single one of them would do alone, and the present invention relates, therefore, to such a device that the line of sight on its being adjusted in a horizontal direction is simultaneously rotated so far in a vertical direction that the angle of elevation remains constant. This takes place in the simplest of ways thereby that the line of sight on correction taking place is made to describe a part of a cone around an axle which is parallel with the barrel-axis, but it should be evident that other ways too can lead to the desired end.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings where Figure 1 gives a lateral view of a form of construction of a piece of ordnance, constructed in'accordance with the present in vention; Figs. 2 and 3 show detail-sections of said piece of ordnance along the lines IIII and IIIIII in Fig. 1, respectively; Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 2, while Fig. 5 gives a schematic illustration of the method of employing the invention. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail view.

In Fig. 5, AA is the axis of the gunbarrel; and BB the axle of the elevationtrunnions, which is supposed to be horizontal, while the gun-barrel is elevated at a certain angle X. The mark is here supposed, for the sake of simplicity, to be on a level with the gun, so that the horizonal projection aa of the axis will be directed direct toward the mark. The line of sight CC should thus be parallel to the axis just mentioned, as the dimensions of the gun can, of course, be neglected in comparison with the range. If now, the trunnion-axle from one cause or another, is inclined to the side at an angle ,8 to the position BB, it is clear that the axis will take up the position AA, so that its plane of rotation inclines at an angle of ,8 to the perpendicular. The horizontal projection aa of the axis inclines toward the line aa at an angle X the value of which is determined by the equation, tgX :tgXsin/3. As the l1ne of sight stands horizontally it will continue to remain parallel to the line aaand is only rotated up to the position CC, for which reason it will, together with the horizontal projection of the axis, form the firstnamed angle X Simultaneously, however, the elevation of the gun has been decreased to the angle X, the value of which is determined by the equation: sinX sinXcosfi. In order to once more bring the line of sight and the axis into correct reciprocal position, the method has hitherto been adopted that the line of sight has first been rotated in the horizontal plane at the angle X and the gun barrel thereupon elevated at the angle XX, the value of which is determined by the help of tables. In the case of pieces of ordnance of the kind now in question, however, this method has proved to be a troublesome one, and the present invention relates thereforeas was before mentioned by way of introduction to an arrangement of such a character that the line of sight, on rotation to the side by hand at the angle X is simultaneously rotated downward at the angle X-X. While this is taking place, one or several others of the gunners can be engaged in once more adjusting the line of sight toward the mark by means of the heightand lateral-sighting apparatus; and while so doing, can be perfectly independent of the one who is occupied with the correction for the trunnion-slope. Apart from the sighting movements now spoken of, which are not illustrated in the figure, the line of sight shall thus be rotated to the position CC, which is parallel to the vertical plane through the axis AA, with which it forms the angle X. In the simplest way this takes place, as was mentioned at the beginning, by the line of sight having to describe a cone around the line DG, which is parallel to the axis, and this principle is made the basis of the form'of construction of the invention illustrated in Figs. 14, and now about to be described.

To the cradle 1, which carries the gunbarrel 2 there is firmly attached a sidewardly projecting bracket 3, which is fork shaped at the end and provided with bearings for a rotatable shaft 4, which is parallel to the axis of the gun-barrel. This shaft has a frame-shaped part 4, in which an arm 5 which supports the sighting device is journaled by means of pins 6, 7, whose middle line coincides with that of the elevationtrunnions, when both pairs of pins are horizontal. In the drawing there is shown only a telescope-sight, but there may be provided both sight and dispart sight on the arm 5 with the line of sight parallel to the optical axis of the telescope.

On the axle 4 there is displaceably, but not rotatably, arranged a sleeve 9 to which there is rotatably, but not displaceably, attached another sleeve 10. Each of these sleeves is provided with an arm 9 and 10 respectively, projecting downward, each of said arms supports a pin 8 and 11 respectively, the middle line of said pins being in the same plane perpendicular to the axle 4 at equal distances from said axle. On these said pins there are rotatably journaled the ends of two links 8 and 11 respectively, which are equal in length and the other ends of which are firmly linked to the lower end of the arm 5 and to an arm 12 respectively, which latter is rotatably journaled in the elevation-trunnion and is attached to the height sighting mechanism. The lower fork of the arm 5, reckoned from the trunnions 6 and 7 to the point of attachment to the link 8, is just as long as the arm 12 reckoned from the gun trunnion to the point of attachment to the link 11.

The elevation is read off by means of a graduated scale 20, which isfirmly attached by means of a toothed gear 19 to a shaft j ournaled in a mantle 18 firmly attached to the arm 5. The toothed gear 19 engages in a toothed segment 21 firmly attached to the shaft 4. In order to adjust the pins 6, 7

horizontally, the following device is used.

One of the arms of the bracket 3 is prolonged downward to an arm 13 in which there is journaled a screw 14 which engages in a toothed segment 16, which, by means of an arm 17 is firmly attached to the shaft 4, so that this said axle together. with the pins 6, 7 can thus be rotated by turning the screw 14.

hen the piece ofordnance is elevated independently of the line of sight, the shaft 4 accompanies the motion of the gun-barrel, while the arm 12 .at the same time stands still. The sleeves 9 and 10 are pushed backward on the shaft 4, but the arm 5 with the sighting apparatus remains unchanged in position owing to the connection of the arm 5 with the arm 12 by means of the links 8 and 11 and the sleeves 9 and 10.

lVhatever the angle may be between the line of sight and the axis of the piece of ordnance (or the middle line of the axle 4, respectively), the line of sight can, by means of the screw 14, be rotated about the lastmentioned middle line without altering the angle between this middle line and the line of sight. In performing above-mentioned movement the line of sight thus describes a cone about said middle line.

If the piece of ordnance is directed toward a mark and is elevated for a corresponding range (which range is read off on the scale 20) and the axle of the elevation-trunnions is thereupon given a slope, it is merely necessary to turn the screw 14 until the pins 6 and 7 become horizontal and the bubble in the gunners level on the arm 5 occupies its central point, then the position of the line of sight in respect to the axis of the piece is, again, the correct one both in respect of heightand lateral direction.

It is to be observed, that the before-described device for correcting the line of sight is claimed only in combination with ordnance of the known kind, where the sighting toward the mark and the elevating corre sponding to the range can be executed simultaneously and independently of each other thereby, that in turning one hand-wheel (the sighting-wheel) the sighting instrument and the barrel follow each other, so that the angle between these two parts remains constant, while in turning another hand-wheel (the elevating wheel) only the barrel is swung, so that the angle between the line of sight and the barrel is altered.

Claim.

In combination with a gun and its cradle, of a sighting device comprising a bracket mounted on the cradle, a shaft rotatably connecting the other sleeve with the carrier, and means for rotating the shaft.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

EMIL OLSSON.

Witnesses BIRGER NORDFELDT, HJALMAR ZETURSTROM.

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