US948019A - Exhaust-nozzle. - Google Patents

Description

J. PLAYER.

EXHAUST NOZZLE. 7 APPLICATION FILED JUNE 17, 1908.

' Patented Feb. 21,1910.

2 SHEE EEET 1.

J. PLAYER.

EXHAUST NOZZLE. AYPLIOAIION FILED 1mm 17, 1908.

Patented Feb.1, 1910.

INVENT JOHN PLAYER, OF SCHENEC'IAD'Y, NEW YQBK.

EXHAUST-NOZZLE.

oaaoie.

To all whom it may-concern.": g

Be it known that I, J onn PLAYER, oft Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in lBxhaust-Nozzles, of which improvement the following is a specification.

My present invention, while more particularly designed for application in connection with annular exhaust nozzles for locomotive% engines, of the type set forth in Letters Patent of the United States No. 673,726, granted and issued to the Brooks Locomotive Works, as my assignee, under date of May 7th, 1901, is equallyadaptable to those of the ordinary cylindrical form.

The object of my invention is to provide an exhaust nozzle for locomotive engines, which shall beef simple and inexpensive construction and having ready adaptability in, and in connection with, smoke-boxes and spark arresting appliances of the constructions known and approved in present practice,"-and in the operation of which there will be attained the advantages of freer steaming oit' locomotives, greater efficiency and economy in their performance by reason of reduction of back pressure on their pistons, and 'revention oi firedamages by the practical e imination of the ejection of sparks from the smoke stack, particularly when burning low grade fuel and-lignite coal.

he improvement cl aimed 1s .hereinai'ter.

fully set forth.

n the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a vertical longitudinal central section through the smoke box;,stack, and forward portion of the waist ofa locomotive boiler, illustrating an application or my invention; Fig. 2, a vertical, transverse section, in the central plane of the stack and exhaust nozzle; Fig. 3, a vertical. central section, on an enlarged scale, through the exhaust pipe and nozzle shown in Figs. 1 and 2, on the line a-a of Fig. 1; Fig. a, a similar section, on the line Z -b of liigs. 2 and 3; horizontal section, on the line c-c of Fig. 3; Fig. 6, a plan or top view; Fig. 7, a vertical central section through an exhaust pipe and nozzle of the ordinary plain or cylindrical form, showing the application of my invention thereto; Fig. 8,21. horizontal section, on the line oL-cl of Fig. 7 and, Fig. 9, a plan or top view.

My invention is herein exemplified ap- Specification of Letters Patent. Application. filed June 1?, mos.

Fi 5, a

page, or may he made in.

Patented net. i, into- Serial No. 438,912.

of the shell, 1, and, at its bottom, to the cylinder saddles, 5. The forward end of the smoke-box is closed by a metal front, 6, having a central door, 7, and it is provided, at its top, with a stack,8, having a downward extension, 9, with a flaring or conical lower end, 10, within the smoke box.

Referring first to Figs. l-to 6, inclusive, my invention is shown in the drawings in connection with an exhaust pipe, 12, and

.an annular discharge cap, tip, or nozzle, 17.

secured detachably to the top thereof, and constituting its exit section. The construction and relation of these members are sub stantially similar to those of the correspond- I I p a 111g partswhlch are iull set forth in Letters Patent No. 673,726, and, as they are not, in l and of themselves, claimed as 01? my present invention, they .Will not be hereinragainat length described. The spark arrestingup pliance illustrated, which is one of sundry suitably adaptable designs, comprises in clined front and side sheets of wire netting or perforated plates, 25 and 27, extending from an inclined transverse deflecting plate ordiaphragm, 23, located in front of the tube sheet, 3, to the :lront and sides of the smoke box. below the lateral inlet passages, 16, through which the 'a nses of combustion are entrained in thei verse to the central discharge pa'ssagejjto, Oi the nozzle 17.

In the practice of my invention, I form upon the outer wall of theaninilar exhaust steam discl'iarge passage, 20, of the exhaust tip or nozzle, 17, a plurality of inwardly extending discharge guide vanes or ribs, ll tormingma plurality of openings, disposed.

around the nozzle relalii'clv to any vertical plane passing .theretln'oug and preferably set spirally to the axis thereof. tiaid vanes or ribs may be attached to either the outer or" inner wail of the annular discharge i with both t it? walls thereof, and the shape and angle of the openings and plane of discharge formed thereby may be varied; also the number of vanes or ribs and resultant openings may be adapted to suit the requirements of construction and duty;-:isaid vanes or ribs extending from the outer wall of the discharge passage, 2-0, to or near the inner wall thereof, or equivalently, from the inner wall nearly to the outer wall. As shown in Figs. 3 and 6, the vanes or ribs, 11, are also inclined relatively to radii of'the nozzle, but they may, if preferred, be set on lines coinciding with radial planes thereof, as shown in Figs. 7 and 9.

scribed for the annular nozzle, form a plurality of openings, concentrically disposed around a central opening in the nozzle relatively to any vertical plane passing therethrough, and preferably set spirally to the axis thereof. Said vanes or ribs are shown attached to the outer wall of the nozzle, but may be attached to a central annular or hol- -low hub, inserted therein or cast integral therewith, and the number, shape, and angle of the openings formed thereby, and plane of discharge therefrom, may be varied to suit structural conditions and requirements of capacity. The upper ends of the ribs forming the discharge openings may either be in the plane of the top of the nozzle, as shown in full 'lines in Fig. 7, or be upwardly 40 or downwardly inclined relatively thereto, 1 as indicated in dotted lines. A similar variation may be made in the angle of the upper ends of the guide values of the nozzle shown in Figs. 1 to 6. The function of the guide vanesor ribs and openings formed thereby is to disintegrate the otherwise solid or annular jet or column of steam emanating from the nozzle,

volume, reducing its total velocity, causing a more perfect commingling with, and en trainment of,the gases of combustion, and, when setspirally, of giving a rotating motion thereto, thereby more uniformly filling the smoke stack and producing a higher and more perfect vacuum in the smoke box.

The greater effectiveness of the improved exhaust nozzle in -producing ahigher and more perfect sulting from the disintegration of the jet, consequent reduction in velocity, and increase in diameter and volume and more perfect commingling with, and entrainment of, the gases of combustion, especially in a nozzle of the annular type, permits a very 5 material increase inthe-area of the exhaust Figs. 7 to 9 inclusive, illustrate an exhaust thereby increasing its diameter and vacuum in the smoke box, re-

opening in the nozzle, (which in actual practice has been demonstrated to be as high as to per cent), thereby reducing the back pressure upon the engine pistons and largely increasing its efficiency. At the same time, the more steady and less intermittent vacuum obtained in the smoke box has a tendency to minimize the discharge of sparks from the stack, especially when a ro-- tating motion is given, and in consequence, the Well recognized difficulty in burning lignite fuel without the emission of large quantities of sparks, has, with these improvements,in practice, been found to be virtually overcome. Incidentally, owing to the steadier vacuum, a higher rate of, and a more perfect combustion of fuel is obtained, thereby increasing the evaporation in the boiler and adding further to the efliciency and capacity of the engine by its better steam producing ability.

Variations in the number, form, angle and position of the guide vanes or ribs, and open- 'ings produced thereby, may be made without departure from the spirit or operative principle of my invention, and therefore I do not consider it .confined to,-or limited by, the specific structural details herein described and shown.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A locomotive exhaust pipe discharge nozzle having a plurality of se aerated internal spiral vanes, integral with its periphery.

2. A locomotive exhaust pipe having a central discharge passage for the entrained gases, a concentric annular steam. discharge orifice, and a plurality of vanes or bridges subdividing said concentric annular steam discharge orifice.

3. A'locomotive exhaust pipe having a central discharge passage for the entrained gases and a concentric annular steam discharge orifice having a plurality of separated circumfcrential openings surrounding 0 the central gas discharge passage.

4. A locomotive exhaust pipe having a central discharge passage for the entrained gases, a concentric annular steam discharge orifice, and a plurality of spirally disposed 15 vanes or bridges subdividing said concentric annular steam discharge orifice. i

5. A locomotive exhaust pipe having a central discharge passage for the entrained gases, and a concentric annular steam dis- 20 char e orifice having a plurality of separated spirally disposed circumferential passages surrounding the central gas discharge passage.

6. 'In a locomotive or other en ine using 125 forced draft, the combination 0 a smoke Q box, a srgoke stack, and an exhaust pipe having a central discharge passage for, the en.- trained gases and a steam discharge orifice having a plurality of separated clrcumfererntiel 0p the gas discharge passage. t t

7. In a IOCOIDOtIVO' or other en ine using entrained gases and a steam w sespm a enings disposed concehtricalljwith heving a plurality of sepafated circumferential passages dlsposed spirally and concentrically with the gas dlscha 'scharge orifice r e assage. 10 forced draft, the combination 0 a smoke JOHN PiA 'ER.

5 box, a smoke stack, and an exhaust pipe ,Witnesses': having a, central discharge assage for the 0. B. Homms, 1 JQCELYN CONE.

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