US946780A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

P. D. J'OHLSTGN.

TERNAL ooMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

PPLGATICN VFILED HAY 17, N07.

' Patented Jan. 18

eNirED srnTEs PATENT orricE;

PHILIP nEVEEUQonN-"STN, or COLD SPRING, YORK, AssmNoR To AMERICAN .o1', r ,ENerNE,coMPANY, A conPoRArIoN or NEW YORK.

I'NfrERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

' Specification of Letters Patent. Paten tied Jan. 18, 1910.

r1996, 'Serial No. 330,871. Divided and this application led May 17.

1997. Serial N0. 374,266.

Original application .tiled August 17,

To allwh'om it inegi/concern: lh'c other cud of the vcombustion chamber. 55 lie it known that I, PHILIPDINEREUXA tube is connected toamixing valvc`l3. This Jouix's'roma citizen of the United States, mixing valie is provided with an internal residingiat Cold'I Spring,"]?utnam county, mixing chamber 14. Between the mman" i' State of- New York,` have invented an Iinchamber and the tube 11 is a cut cti' valve 15 provenient inInternal-Combustion Engines, is cut ofi" valve 1s operated by asuit-able 60 ot` which the following isa'specicat-ion. mechanism at the proper time so as to close The 'object I 'have in View is the produccommunication between the mixing chamber lion ot' an internal combustionen'gine by and'the tube. means of' which the eiiiciency can be in-A Thre nozzles discharge into the mixing creased -and greater economy secured "than chamber 1st. The nozzle 16 is arranged to 65 heretofore bythe use of aheavier and less deliver ain into the Vmixing chamber, thevolatile hydrocarbon. nozzle 17,'il or other forni of liquid fuel, This application for patent is a division and Athe nozzle 18, water. The nozzles 17 of an application filed" by me August 17, and 18 are shown with their orifices opposed l 1906, 'Serial No. 330,971. J to each other, while the nozzle 1G, for the 70 Further `t bj`ectswill appear in the followintroduction of air tutti the mixingchamingfspecication and accompanying drawber has'its orifice at right angles to the ings. These drawings illustrate mechanism other two nozzles. embodying my invention. he air nozzle 16 communicates, by means vLigure 1 is a sectional 'view of the opof a pipe 19, with a coil 20, arranged 'within 75 erative parts ofjs'uch" an engine. Fig. 2 is a chamber 21, which communicates with the a horizontalsectional view taken on the line vexhaust port 4. The coil is in'such a posirz-a of Fig. 1, across the combustion chamtion that it will be constantly swept by the ber; and Fig. is an enlarged det-ail of a hot products of comal'stion. Connecting portion of themechamsm shownin Fig. 2. the coil 20 and a source of air supply under 80 Tn all the'views likerpartsarc designated`` pressure (not shown) is a pipe A suitby the saine" reeiencc characters. able means of supplying air nuclei' pressure Tlieengine `illustrated is an oil engine of may be an air pump or a tank containing?ii the ilcycle onli-stroke type, although the compressed air. A'pipe 23 communicates 'engineis not limited by .such a construction, with thc pipe 22, so as to be subjected to 85 Ibut may be .equallylwell applied to engines the same pressure as contained in the pipe using otherfformsof hydro-carbon or of 22,"and this pipe 2 3 communicates in turn the i4-cycle. or stroketype. with the equilibrium chambers 24' und 25. l"

'In the drawings, 1 is the cylinder, which The oil is admitted to the nozzle 17 by is shown as water-jacketed, and hasnt the means of a pipe 26, which is connected to top a combustion chamber a pump 27 from a"'source of oil supply.

3 is the inlet valve, and 4 the outlet valve,4 This pump 27 is actuated from a cross-head each. ijalvc beingshown as 'operated by a.carried by an eccentric 28 on the shaft 5. '-'5 cam, carried by thc-valve .shafts 5 and re- 'l'lie pump 2 7 and pipe 2G communicate with spcetively. the equilibrium chamber 25J The nusup- 95 T ismthc pistou ot'ftlic ordinary type, to ply pipe 23 may be provided with a valve which is attzu'ihcd thcrconncctingrod 8. This 38 for the purpose of cutting off or limiting connecting rod)V is vconnected tothe "crank the flow of air to the two equilibrium charnf"f E), which. is :.arr"icd'l')y theshat't 10. bers. 4 Above the inlet valve 3 is a tube l1. This The water nozzle 18 communicates 100 tubo is shown extending,through ouc of the through n. pipe 29 with a coil 30, which walls ot' the combustion chamber and passes passes through the chamber 2l so to be part-way thrmigh. air opening in the oppo'- acted Aupon by the heat of the discharging fb"- Site WML The tube' is open at cach Vend; products of ccmbustiou. This col l 30 is conthe :free enductl the tube is covered by a nectml through the agc-zncy` of a "pipe 3l, to l05 pump 32, which is operated trom the same cross-head asis the' pump 2T. The equilibl rium chamber 22 communicates hood 12, which is not waIcnjacketed, but has a suthciently.thinzwalls to he readily heated bythe combustion of the contents of the with the i pihp 32 and pipe 31. 'A branch pipe 33 1 will enter the cylinder through the 'port'34 .i

' about one-hal connects the pipe' 29 with the interior of the.l cylinder by means of a port 34. .This port is shown in such a position as to be closed by the iston when the latter reaches of its inward stroke. The

amount of opening of the nozzles 16', 17

land I8 may be controlled by suitable valves (not shown), whereby the richness' of the mixture and the speedV of the engine will be regulated. These valves ma be simultane-- ously actuated by a system o linkage, which is shown by the character ,35. This linkage connects with the governor, by means of 4which theextent of opening of the nozzles within the mixing chamber -is controlled. A

port-36 communicates with the combustion chamber and is for the purpose of ermitting lthe entrance of a starting va ve, by means of which a supply of air under pressure, and a volatile hydro-carbon, will be .admitted to start-the engine.

.In operation, after theengine has been started, and the tube '11 has become heated by the combustion of the volatile hydrocarbon within the combustion chamber, a

, suppl of liquid hydro-carbonV is., .inn`e `ed into t e mixing chamber through n zf/ 17 atn the Sametime a supply of w" er is in- Vjected into .the same chamber through the tube 11, where, coming in contact with the hot walls thereof, it will be converted como Y inthe combustion'chamber, the cylinder or pletely intoV vapor. This vapor will issue rom the open end of' the tube, and vcoming .gin contact with Vthe heatedhood 12, the mixture will become further heated, and will be in condition t'o be consumed without any obj;

iectionable deposits of soot or graphite with?.

upon the piston.v After leavin the retci'g the mixturepf oil orother liqui fuel,vva tier and com ressed air will 'comein contact with air whic is being drawn in through the'inlet valve 3. The complete' mixture will then be drawn into the cyllnder and Will be there compressed by\ the ascending piston. The amount of compression can be great so that the gas will be 1n condition to be completely consumed. The ei`ciency of the engine is increased by heating the air and water by means of the coils 20 and 30, which are subjected to the hot 'dischargedr` products of the equilibrim-chamber, and as the pressure cpmbustion. A certain amount vof water the amount being determined by the sizeo the port and its location within the cylin-` der. The equilibrium chambers 24^and 25, communicating as they do with the source of air supply, and subjected to the pressure of such air, will keep the contents of the mix- A' ing chamber in equilibrium. During thei suction stroke, or while the piston 7 1s de `scending, the complete mixture of air,roil" and water will be discharged `through the retort into the combustion' chamber. This will continue during a portion of the compression stroke, or until the ressure within the combustion chamber equa 'zes that within the mixinfr chamber, or until the mixing valve 15'1s c osed, shouldthat occur before the pressures are equalized. As soon as this happens no more air will be admitted into through the nozzles of oil and Water is the same as that of the air, no more liquid will be admitted' into the miXin chamber. Should the port 34 not at this time be covered by the piston no more water will enter-'90 the cylinder during thisb stroke@ -Arfter the the usual manner, andthe coibustion of thev mixture produces the working impulse upon the piston, as is Well understbod.

The invention may be carried out b other mechanism than that shown. If esired the compressed-mixture may be drawn o p through the port 37,.,and utilized in produ@- inoP heat or powerin other mechanism.

to employ the Y 10 ty the struturedescrlbed itis posslble heavier and cheaper hydro.- carbons which have been found 'extremely difficult to be used in an internal lcombustion engine, for the reason that they tend to cause deposits of carbon or graphite Within the cylinder and upon the piston, and 'tochoke the valves, such deposits probably beingcaused by the fractional distillation of the.

more volatile .constituents of the hydro-car-A 1i bon due necessarily to the great ressure and;

high temperature required to e ect the ,conibustion `of the less volatile constituents of? the ffuel By mixing the oil with ,water, in

the presence of air, in a mixing chamber,

more minute Vthan has 1'1 the subdivision of the h dro-carbon is made L eretofore. been' p63.

sible,and the combustion' more perfect. .J In accordance wjth the provisions ofthe'ifj patent statutes, Ijiavedescribed theprinaratus which I now consider to represent 12'? ciple'of my invention, together with the ap#- 1fthe best embodiment'thereof, but I desire to I.'

ent, is:

have it understood that theapparatus shown :V 12

An internal combustion engine having a 13 re of the e1 norms for int v mm the chmnbelg-:nd f L? n stream of nu' intra rug-nud and wt'nessec stwm 01"' fuel n Stream of wnm into ust ,he Stream uf M pipe and the Water .Hring hough a pozton of th

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