US945197A - Mechanical movement. - Google Patents

Description

c. J. ROBERTSON. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21, 1905. RENEWED JUNE 4, 1909.

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'TLTLL/TC eases Vim-1 C. J. ROBERTSON. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

APPLICATION IILED MAR. 21, 1905. RENEWED JUNE 4. 1909.

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.YFtrZOfi: 6' 7.25 0061, Z sum h: lz/amre a fi g @014 G. J. ROBERTSON. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21, 1905. nnmzwnn mm: 4, 1009.

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. \N 4...... fi hnu /l 1 m eas es UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES J. ROBERTSON, OF TAUNTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE CAMPBELL PRINTING PRESS & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORA-.

'IION OF NEW YORK.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Application filed March 21, 1905, Serial No.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that 1, Cimnnns J. ROBERT- sox, a subject of the King of England, re-- to cation for patent filed October 6, 1904, Se-

rial No. 227,344, I have found that the chanism is capableof certain modificaand improvements which are of advane' first important pointwherein I have dified and improved the apparatus, const in. arranging: the mechanism so that 3 a'ch reverse will, -,take more than 180 degrees or a halfaturn. By this modification, as. still easier reverse can be obtained which is of advantage on large size machies. If

{a 'p i-tman befemployed, this increase in the V reversing movement can be obtained advan- .;i "tageously by employing what is sometimes spoken of by engineers as the sweet side of the pitman.

' known in mechanics that if a k-pin be connected by a pitz ontal sliding member that mparted to that member will each direction from central position, wnch difference arises from the angular deflection of [the pitman or the p1t- :g-man error as it is sometimes called.

Referring to Figure 14 for illustration, 1' esignates a radius, on crank-pin, p a pitman and s a sliding member. Suppose the crank or wrist-pin to move from position #1 to position #2, where the pit-man and crank-arm are at suchfan angle, less than the angular deflection of the pitman imparted to the slider will change to a minus acceleration or retardation. During this movement of the crank-pin, the movement of the sliding member is an accelerating movement both from. th wrist-pin and from the deflection of the pitman. From this pointon in the revolution, the movement imparted by the deflection of the p tman 1s '1: a retarding movement first acting. in oppo- 'in certain kinds of printing presses.

-90 degrees, that the plus acceleration from sition to the accelerating movement imparted by the wrist-pin during angle a, that is while the crank-pin moves from position #2 to position #3, and then a retarding movement acting in conjunction with the retarding movement imparted b the movement of the crank-pin while the l atter movesfrom position #3 to'position #4. The result'of this action is that the movement imparted to the sliding member from position #2'to position #4. is a-move'ment which first approximates, or is almosta constant speed movement While the wrist-pin moves from position 2 to position #3, and then is a gradual ecreasing or retarding movement to rest from. position #3 to position #4. Byusing this principle in a reversing mechanism and commencing the reversing action substantially at position #2, a much easier translation from the constant speed drive to the reversing action is accomplished; and a longer reverse is obtained, bot-h angularly and in direct travel. Therefore, an easier reverse can be obtained from a wrist-pin.

The particular object of this invention is to modify the mechanism of said previous 'application'to utilize this sweet side of the pitman reverse. In developing the same, certain modifications and changes in the mechanism have been made, the principal one ofwhich is the use of a reversing pinion orpinions separate from the main driving mechanism.

The apparatus is illustrated in the accompanying four sheets of drawings, referring to which,

Fig. 1- is a side elevation of the mechanism. Fig. 2 is'a detail view of one of the parts used in the reversing mechanism. Fig. 3 is a detail view of the cam mechanism used to actuate the impression cylinder. Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of the mechanism. Fig.

-5 is a detail view of the mechanism employed to raise and lower the mam shaft. is a detail vlew of the connecting gearing Fig. 6

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J an, 4, 1910'.

251,205. Renewed June 4,1909. Serial No. 500,120. I i i .tained from the internal gear 17.

Referring to the drawings'and in detain, A. designates the usual framework mounted to reciprocate on which is the usual bed or form carrier 13.

G designates the impression cylinder, the shaft of which is journaled eccentrically in bushings 10 fitted in the frame. I

Mounted on the end of the impression cylinder shaft is a gear 11, which meshes with a driving gear 12to which power is applied in any suitable way. The driving gear is hereinafter referred to fitted in strut '16.

This "driving shaft 18 carries a driving pinion 19, which meshes with a rack 20 secured to the .bed. A pinion 21 is arranged on the end of said driving shaft 18 in positionto engage the partial internal gear 1'7. Arranged on the'main shaft 14 is a partial external or spur gear 22 andthe driving shaft 18 carries a pinion 23 in position to engage the partial spur gear 22. f The said partial external and internal gears occupy substantially similar angular positions on the main shaft 14. 'Y

The mechanism hereinbefore described constitutes themaindriving mechanism for imparting the constant speed movements andoperates as follows: When the main shaft- 14 is lowered by its eccentric bushings 15, the

partial internal gear 17 will engage the pin-v ion 21 on the driving shaft 18 and 'will turn the driving pinion 19 to move the bed through the rack 20. Vhen the main shaft 14 is raised by its eccentric bushings 15, the partial external gear 22 Will engage the pinion 23 and hence will turn the driving pinion 19 to actuate the bed through the rack 20 in a reverse direction from the movement ob- This mechanism is so designed that these movements will take place at the same speed. and for the same distance. Except for the angular section of the partial internal gear 17 and the partial external gear 22, this mechanism is in substance the main driving mechanism shown, described and claimed in my application for patent Serial No. 22734 1, previously referred to- On the face or inside vof the internal gear 17 is arranged a wrist-pin 25, or crank element which actuates the reversing mechanism as hereinafter described. The relation between the internal gear 17, the pinion 21, theexternal gear 22, and pinion 23 is such that the uniform speed imparted to the bed forward and backward is the same as the speed of v the bed as given to it by crank-pin 25, connecting rod 26, rack-rod 29, pinion 24 and rack 20 at the instant of greatest.deflection. The main driving nwchanism will impart a constant speed forward and backward motion to the bed for less than a half turn of the main shaft 11. as the partial go s 17 and 22 are made less than 180 degree. inoperative circumference.

The reversing mechanism will now be described.

i s l The left hand connecting p1ece, looking at,- 1

Fig. 1: will be first described see Figs. 2',-

6 and 7 This connecting piece is slotted at its forward end and the sides of the slot are accurately finished. Fitted into the slot is a block 30 which forms a supporting and guiding means for the inner end of this connecting. piece. in the strut 16 and the driving shaft 18 is journaled in said bushing, as previously stated. This bushing 31 has a hub 32 whichis eccentrical-ly arranged and which carries said block 30. Formed or secured to the connecting piece 29 are upper and lower racks 33 and 34 which are arranged in position toen'gage the upper and lower sides of a gear 24 secured on the driving shaft 18. This gear is made wide faced and is arranged to engage short racks 210 and 241 A bushing 31 is journaled.

attached to the bed, as shown to best advantage in Figs. 1, 4 and 6 of the drawings. The right hand connecting piece 29 is similarly connected except that the parts which connect the same are arranged 011 a shaft 180 which is journaled in the frame-work in line with the driving shaft 18. The rack 242 which the reversing gear 24 of this arrangement engages, is made of a single piece and of a length so that the right-hand: gear- 21 will remain constantly in mesh therewith.

This right-hand connectingpiece 29 acts as v a squaring mechanism, or is a complement of the left-hand reversing mechanism aiding in taking the heavy strain of reverse. The same will be neglected for further dlscussion until hereinafter referred to as thedetails of its operation, except as hereinafter indicated, are identical with the left-hand connecting piece 29. The racks 33 and of the connecting piece are arranged alittle farther apart than the diameter of the reversing pinion 24. When the bushing 31 is held in position as shown in Fig. 6, the eccentric hub 32'wi11 be at its highestposition and the block 30 .will thus guide the connecting piece 29 so that the lower rack '34: will engage the reversing pinion 24. When thebushing 31 is turned,'which is done by the 3, mechanism hereinafter described, the guidwingblock 30 will be held at its lowest posia tiontso that the upper rack 33 will engage the parts will now be described.

reversing pinion 24.

The cam mechanism for operating these A cam shaft. 37 is j ournaled in the machine and is'dri'ven by any suitable gearing so as to turn twice for each two-revolutions of the"m"ain shaft'14 or twice for ea'ch cycle ofi'operatiom Arranged on said cam shaft is a cam 38, engaging which is a roller '39 arranged on a lever 40 secured on a shaft 41 journaled in the machine. This lever 40 is provided with teeth 42 at its upper end which engage teeth projecting from the bushing which is journaled in the flame. (9n the inner end of'the shaft 41 is arranged a similar mechanism as shown in detail in my prior application. Bythis mechanism,

.sliaft 49 journ aled in the frame-work. On' the outer ends of this cross-shaft are-arran ed levers 50 which connect by links 51 to t e eccentric bushings 10 which carry the impression cylinder. By this mechanism,

the impression cylinder will be raised and of which are rollers mounte 'lo'were in unison with the shaft 14, the advantages of which operation are pointed out and claimed in my prior application for patent" referred to. Also arranged on said cam-shaft are cams 52, engaging the grooves on the ends of pivoted rocking levers 53 which have teeth 54 which enga e teeth 55 formed on the bushings 31. T ese cams 52 are of substantially the same contour as the cams previously described and they operate to raise and lower the "guide blocks 30 for the connecting pieces 29. I

The operationcan be followed by the diagrams. In Fig. 8 the bed is shown as just completing its uniform forward speed movement obtained from the internal gear 17. The reversing pinion 24 is just engaging into the reversing rack 240. It wil be noted that this engagement takes place before the crank-pin 25 has reached its high: est position by the angular difference a hereinbefore ointed out. Now, as the wristpin'trave s from this position to-its dead center at the left, shown in Fig. 9, the speed of the bed will be retarded and the bed brought to a state of restat its left hand extreme by the. action of the pitman and its a connecting piece previously referred to actuthe amount of the angle a, and hence the tlme and movement of this'retardation will be greater than that obtained with the usual true or half-turn c1 ank reverse. the wrist-pin/moves from its left-hand dead center, shown in Fig. 9, to the position shown in Fig. -10, the bed will be started on its movement to the right at a speed gradu ally commenced at zero and increasing up to full speed. Thus from passing from position shown in Fig. 8 to p sition shown in Fig. 10 the reversal of the bed at its lefthand or forward position is obtained. This reversing movement is greater angularly than that usually obtained from a. teue, crank reverse by twice the angle a and theitrafvel is correspondingly greater'than theftnsual radius of reverse. The external gear22now comes into operation and gives the bed its return movement. Durin this return movement, the bushing 31 will be oscillated so that the lower racks 34 will next engage the reversing plnions 24. The same reversal tial spur gear 22 are made less than half gears angularly by twicethe angle a. By this arrangement the time and travel of the reversing movements are increased relatively to the constant speed movement, and. hence an easier action is obtained.

The mechanism as shown is applied to a two-revolution movement in-snch way that each reverse takes more than a half turn and eachconstant speed movement takes correspondingly less than a half turn. When the constant speed movements are taking place, the connecting pieces 29 run out of engagement with the reversing gears 24; the right end 'reversing gear being turned idly by its bed rack 242 so as to keep the same in proper time relation until the right hand Now. as

connecting piece again engages the same.

Thus a smooth acting mechanism isjrof vided by which a very heavy bed can be r'e out jar.

By using revers ng gears and reversing racks the strain and wear ofthe reversing movements is taken entirely oft of the driving pinion 19 and rack 20 which is employed for the constant speed movements, and hence wear on these parts is saved so that they will work accurately when ca"lled,mto action, which 18 necessary, as. the constant.

- very strong arrangement. is"pro\ ided to take andstrains and as the two mechan re arranged at equal distances from .the center, the bed' is kept froint'wisting.

pinion 24: can be kept eon-' The right-hand "stantly in mesh with the rack 24:

driving mechanism' therefor for imparting a Ihe' details herein-shown and described maybe greatly varie'd'by a skilled mechanic without departing from the scope of my invention. .c v p v a Having fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters-Pat ent ofthe United States is,

1. A mechanical movement comprising'a main driving mechanism and a crank actu ated reversing mechanism connected tolopcrate for more than a half turn for a reverse. A mechanical movement comprising a main driving mechanism, a crank actuated rev 'ing mechanism connected to reverse the ed at the extremes of its travel'in either .direction and to actfor more than a half turn for each reversing movement.

3.111 a mechanical movement the combir llltlOlbOf a reciprocating member, a mam constant speed movement thereto, and a reversing mechanism for-slowing down, stopping and starting the member in the oppo- -..si te direction, the time of the uniform speed -movements being less than the time of the reversing movements,

4. A two revolution mechanical movement for converting rotary 1nto rec procating movement, comprising a mam driving mechanism for imparting uniform forward and backward movements, to a reciprocating member, a'crank reversing mechanism, and means for connecting the crank reversing mechansim to a reciproc ting'n'iember for more than a half revolutidli of the crank between each of the uniform movements.

A, mechanical movement comprising a main drivingmechani'sm, a revolving crank, a pitnianconnected thereto and connections therefrom to the bed. arranged so that the sweetside. of the pitman will be employed. for the reversing movement for more than a half turn of the revolving crank.

' (3. A mechanism comprising a main driv ing mechanism, a revolving crank, a pitman connected thereto and'connections therefrom to the bed arranged so that the sweetv side of the pitman will be employed for each. reversijngv movement and so that the samewill be connected to the bed for more than a half turn for each reversing movement.

'4'. Ina mechanical movement the combina tion of the' moving member, arack carried by the same, a driving pinion engaging sald rack, an internal gear having less-than half a circui'nference and a pinion for'turning the],

square the bed. 2

9. A reversing mechanism comprising a crank actuated sliding member and two sets ofconnections therefrom to the bed acting at each reverse to square the bed. v

' 1Q. A'reversing mechanism for amechanical' movement, comprising aflrevolvingwristpin; a sliding member, a pitnian'connection between the sliding member and a wrist-pin,

[two connecting pieces attached to-the sliding member, and connections whereby both connecting pieces. willbe geared to the-bed for each reverse. y a W 11. IA mechanical movement comprising a main shaft, .a partial internal and a partial external gear carried'thereby, a driving pinion and rack, pinions with which said partial gears engage to make up a main driving mechanism, :a wrist-pin carried by the internal gear, a pitman connection between-the wrist-pin and sliding member, connecting piecescarried by the sliding memben and means whereby they are geared to the bed for each reversing action. t

12. A mechanical movement comprising a main shaft, a partial internal and a partialexternal gear, carried thereby, a vdriving pinion and rack, pinions connected to thedriv ing pinion and arrangedto cooperate with the partiaLge-ars "to form a main driving mechanism, a wrist-pin carried by the internal gear, a sliding member, a .pitman connection between the sliding "member" and the sliding member, a reversing gear and rack for each connecting p ece, and means for oppositely gearing the connecting pieces to the reversing pinions for alternatereverses. I 4 H I V,

In testimony whereofl have herennto'set my hand, in the presence of two snbscriblng witnesses.

' '--O .'J. ROBERTSON. 'IVitnesses: 1 I

ROBERT .T. JOHNSTO FRED J. Vmwno.

mechanism .con-

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