US943434A

US943434A - Ship's-screw-driving mechanism for submarine boats.

Info

Publication number: US943434A
Authority: US
Inventors: Wilhelm Maier
Original assignee: Fried Krupp Germaniawerft AG
Current assignee: Fried Krupp Germaniawerft AG
Priority date: 1908-08-15
Filing date: 1908-08-15
Publication date: 1909-12-14
Anticipated expiration: 1926-12-14

Description

W. MAIER.

SHIPS SCREW DRIVING MEUHANISM FOR SUBMARINE BOATS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 15, 1908.

943,434. Patente l Dec. 14, 1909.

% l l l k fl l l l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILHELM MAIEB, OF STUTTGART, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FRIED, KRUPP AKTIEN- GESELLSCHAFT GERMANIAWEBFT, F KIEL -GAARDEN, GERMANY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 14, 1909.

Application filed August 15, 1908. Serial No. 448,756.

' To all whom it may concern:

l 3e.it known that I, WILHELM MAIER, a cltizen of Germany, and a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at No. 46

Birkenwaldstrasse, Stuttgart, Germany, have invented a new and useful 'Shi s-Screw- Driving Mechanism for Submarine Boats, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of ships screw driving mechanism for submarine boats, in which each propeller shaft is connected with a driving en he and, an electromotor under' the contro of an operator in the boat and in which each propeller shaft can be worked se arately from the driving engineor together t erewith, and in which each motor can be fed by a generator driven by a special auxiliary motor or by a battery of accumulators The object of the invention isto provide a ships screw driving mechanism-of this kind which enables the screw shafts tobe econom ically started as well as quickly'reversed, and moreover permits the number of revolutions of the screw shafts tobe quickly adjusted within certain limits to any dwired value.

In the drawing the invention isdiagrammatically shown by way of example for two propeller shafts.

U pon the screw shafts A A which can be connected to-the driving motors B B (explosion motors for example) by clutches C G? which can be disconnected, are mounted the armatures D D of electromotors. The armatures are connected up in parallel with the conductors d d leading to a double pole reversing switch P, and are likewise connected with each other by, a double pole reversing switch 'F. The field'windings E E of the electromotors, which are likewise connected up in parallel, are connected'to a battery of accumulators K by conductors e 1.: and 6 M. In the conductor 6 is inserted a variable resistance Q The primary station consists of a motor G (an explosion motor for example). and a double dynamo machine. The armatures H H of the latter are coupled by a' shaftH which in its turn can be connected to the shaft G of the motor G by a clutch M capable of being thrown out of operation. The armatures H-H; are connected up in series. From the free terminal of the armature H a conductor if leads to a switch R, which is connected to the accumulator conductor in, and a second conductor h to the double pole reversing switch P.

From the free terminal of the armature H a conductor l2. leads to a starting resistance S, which is connected to the accumulator conductor k and also by another conductor b tothe reversing switch P. In

the conductor h is also placed a starting resistance T. The conductor hv connecting the two armatures H H is connected b a conductor h to the reversing switch R. he field windings J J of the double machine are connected to a reversing. regulator N or to a variable resistance N and injpar'allel by conductors i i to the accumulator conductors 7: k

When a submarine boat equipped with the above described driving. apparatus is to travel on the surface of the water, the clutches C C are thrown out of operation, the switches P and F opened, and the current generating plant G H J H J set wor'k- 3 ing. If the motor G be an explosion motor it can be started in a simple way by means 0 :the machine H J, which is driven as a motor from the battery K by means of the switch R is at o sition I 'I. r The armature H runs conjoint y-as a centrifugal mass. As soon as the engine G has been set in motion, the switch R is brought into position II. The en ine G now in its turn sets the armatures H in rotation. As the field wind ings J J are fed from the battery K, the double machine now forms two generators connected in series. It should be remarked here that the excitation of the fields J J may be also effected by a separate exciting machine.

After the primary station has been set in motion in the manner described, the double pole reversing switches P and F are brought lnto the position 2 or 7. The motor armatnres D D are'then connected to the dynamo machines H J H J by the conductors h d on the one hand, and by the conductors h h d on the other hand, while the current for the field windings E E is taken from the accumulator battery K by the conductors k e and k e The starting and the adjustment of the number of revolutions of'the motor armatures D D also is now accomplished by LOO terminals of the armatures H H by means of the reversing regulator N. If the field proceeding from the winding J be oppositely directed to the field proceeding from the winding J then, according to the strengths of current present inthe windings J J the fields and therefore the armature tensions of the armatures H H cease entirely or partially, while if the fields be similarly directed, they are added together so that by shiftingthe reversing regulator N command may be had over a tension var ing from zero to the sum of the tensions 0 machines H J H J for the driving of the motor armatures D D. The number of revolutions of the motors D E, D E may be still further augmented by weakening the field strengths of the windings E E by means of the variable resistance Q. Other maneuvers, such as running backward and turning, are accomplished by means of the double pole reversing switches P and F. If the reversing switch P be thrown over into position 12 then both shafts A A reverse their direction of rotation, so that the direction of movement of the vessel is changed. After throwing over the switch F into position f only the shaft A reverses its direction of motion, that is to say the screws work in opposite directions. Each motor may also be driven separately after switching off the connecting conductors between themotor armatures D D If it be desired to raise the speed of the vessel to the maximum of the total output of the driving mechanism, then the driving engines B B are allowed to Work upon the screw shafts A A in addition to the electromotors D E, D E For this purpose the clutches C C are thrown into action. In this case the starting of the engines B B if they are explosion engines, is effected from the shafts A A During prolonged runs on the surface of the water, which require a mean output ofthe engines, the screw shafts A A are driven the engines B B alone. The clutches C C are thrown into operation, so that the motor armatures D D are carried around conjointly as centrifugal masses. The switch P is opened and no current can therefore pass through the motor armatures D D.

The construction of the primar station in the manner set forth also provi es eflicient means of regulating the electromotors D E D E when running under water. In this case the switch R is brought into position III, so that the accumulator battery K is connected to the armature H b the conductors k h on the one hand, an the conductors k h. The reversing switch P is' next opened and the field J unexcited by suitably adjusting the reversingregulator N. The clutch M is thrown out of action and the machine H J started idly as a motor by means of the starter S from the battery K the and brought to its normal number of revolutions. The armature H runs at first at the same time conjointly as a centrifugal mass.

As soon as the exciting curre'nt coming from the battery K flows through the winding J by manipulating switch N, the machine H J runs as a generator. If the 11mgnet field J of the machine H J be simultaneously excited, by'suitably adjusting the reversing regulator N in such a direction that its terminaltension is oppositely directed to the battery tension, and'the reversing switch then closed, the 'electromotive forces in the conductor branch h P d D D (Z P la. will be balanced since switch R is in position III; no current can then flow through the motor armatures D D. If the field J of the driven machine H J be now weakened by means of the reversing. regulator N, the battery tension will reponderate, and there arises at the terminals of the motor armatures D D a namo H J be now excited by the throwingover of the reversing regulator N in the opposite direction, so that it adds its armature tension toxthe tension of the battery, the number ofrevolutions of the electromotors D E, D E goes on increasing until, when the ma net field J is wholly excited, they run at Full speed. The machine H J works at the same time as a motor and takes current from the battery K. V

The above described way of supplying current for the electromotors D E, D E by accumulator batteries and transforming machines, has the advanta e that both the starting, as well as the regu ation of the motors, can be accomplished very economically. If the current for the motors were taken direotly from the accumulator batteries K, the motors would have to be started with a starter. This would however mean a great loss. of power when starting. In this case also the alteration in the terminal tension at the motor armatures D D required for the reduction of the number of revolutions of the motors D E, D E would only be possible by regulating starters which work ver uneconomically. By altering the field excitations EE the normal number of revolutions of themotors could only be increased, but not reduced.

The recharging of the battery K is ef fected while running above water, when the propeller screws are driven by the driving engmes B B alone and the auxiliary motor are in this case excited in shunt from the armatures H H. The tension can be easily regulated by means of the reversing regulator N.- Should a break-down occur at the primary station G, H, J H J the electromotors D E,'D E may be started and fed directly from the battery K by means of the starter T. The machines H J, H J are at the same time switched off from the conductor h or k by moving switches h and 8 into the positions shown in dotted lines and the switch R is brought into the position I.

If the clutches C C M be constructed as electro-magnetic clutches, then all the neccssary manipulations for the driving and moving of the vessel, including the starting of the driving engines B B G, maybe performed from a common operating point.

Claims.

1. In -a screw-driving power plant for submarine boats, the combination with the propeller shafts; a drivin engine 'for each shaft; an electro-motor or driving each shaft, said engines and motors being adapted to act together or separately to drive their respective shafts; an auxiliary engine; a generator driven by said auxiliary engine and connected up to drive said electro-motors; an electric accumulator adapted to provide current for said generator said generator comprising two direct-connected generator elements connected in series and being provided with connections adapting one of said generator elements to be operated as a motor for driving the other generator element. I

2. In a screw driving power plant for submarine boats, the combination with the propeller shafts; of a driving engine and an electric motor for each shaft; means adapt ing said engine and motor to act separately or together upon the propeller shaft; an auxiliary power plant comprising two generators connected in series and an engine for driving the same; an electric accumulator for exciting the fields of all the aforesaid electric machines; a circuit through which said accumulator can be made to drive the first mentioned motors; another circuit through which said accumulator can be made to drive one ofthe generators as a motor; and a switch for closing and opening said circuits.

3. In a screw-driving power plant for submarine boats, the comblnation of two pro- .peller shafts; a motor mounted on each shaft; a combustion engine adapted to be brought into driving relation with each shaft; a releasable clutch for connecting said combustion engine to its own propeller shaft; generators for supplying current to said motors; a combustion engine detachably connected in driving relation with said generators; an accumulator for exciting the fields of said motors and generators; a circuit for connecting said accumulator in driving relation with said motors; a circuit for connecting said accumulator with one of said generators to adapt it to run as a motor; and a switch by means of which either of said circuits may be opened and closed.

t. In a screw-driving power plant for submarine boats the combination with the motor-driven propeller shafts; of combustion engines adapted to be connected with said driving shafts; an auxiliary power plant for supplying current to the motors on said propeller shafts, said auxiliary plant comprising two generators connected in series and a combustion engine for driving said generators; an accumulator for energizing the fields of said motors and said generators; a circuit for connecting one of said generators to said accumulator to act as a motor and a switch for closing and opening said circuit to adapt said generator-motor to start the combustion engine of the auxiliary plant, said switch being also adapted to close the field energizing circuits.

5. In a power plant for operating the screw-driving propeller shafts of submarine boats, the combination with the propeller shafts, motors carried thereon, andv combustion engines detachably connected therewith; of a generator plant for supplying current to said motors; a combustion engine for driving said generators, said engine being detachably connected with the generators; an accumulator for energizing the fields of said motors and generators; means for connecting the generators with said accumulator in such manner as to adapt one of said generators to act as a motor for starting the explosion engine connected therewith; and means for charging said accumulator from the generators. when driven by the combustion engine.

The foregoing specification signed at Stuttgart, this twenty-ninth day of July, 1908.

WILHELM .MAIER;

In presence of ROBERT ROMANN, FRIEDRICH GROSSMANN.