US94214A - Improvement in the manufacture of carbonate of lead - Google Patents

Description

;w e fm M N. PETERS, PHOTD-LITHGGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D C.

initedgiedre @anni (emite.

OTTO JACOBI, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

Letters Patent No. 94,214, lated August 31, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBONATE OF LEAD, ACETATE `OI' COP- PER, .AND ACETATE OF IRON.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of' the sax1:ie. y

To all 107mm it may concern:

Be it known that I, O'rro J AcoBr, of the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Apparatus -and Mode of lllanntacturing Carbonate of Lead, Acetate of Gopper, and Acetate of Oxide ot Iron; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of'` the apparatus, through the line u. l. v

Figure 2 is a vertical section of the saine, through the line c d. Y

Figure 3 is a horizontal section, through the line lu y z,g. 1. v Y v 11`igure,4,a horizontal section and top view, through the line v 'w y 2:.

Figure 5 is a vertical 'section of the air-pipe h.

The nature of my linvention consists in the construction of an apparatus whichwill convert metallic lead into carbonate ci' lead., (white llead,) metallic copper into acetate of copper, (verdigris,) andmetallic iron into acetate of oxide of iron, by means of vapors of aceticacid and carbonio acid, produced in the lower part of the apparatus, and treating, afterward, the prof ducts of corrosion of the lead by a solution Aof carbonate of soda or potash. I

To enable others skilled in theart to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction und operation.

I take a tub, A, made of hard wood, bound with iron bands, and wider at the bottom than at the top. About six inches above the bottom oi' the tub there is another or false bottom, B, perforated by holes of one-half inch dia-meter, one inch dist-ant from each other. This` bottom I3 is covered with coarse linen cloth, or similar fabric. Under the false bottom B, in

the tub, there is a free space, x, to which the air from the outside has access, by means of the air-holes o o o o -o o, and from which the vinegar, which collects there, can be drawn ofi', by a larger4 hole, (l, close to the lower bottom. Above the false bottom B, covered with cloth, 1 have three layers of charcoal, cfg. The first', or lower layer, e, consists of vpieces of charcoal of about one inch diameter, the second, or middle layer, f, of smaller pieces, andthe third, or uppermost, g, oi' charcoal-dust.- These layers are piled up cach about six to eight inches high, when the tub a is six to eight feet high.

Through Vthe middle of those layers of charcoal passes a wooden air-pipe, h, openat the bottom, and provided with a perforated head, whose construction is shown in fig. 5, and which gives to the air afree Above this T-shaped pipe C, there is a Second false. l

bottom` D, made in halves separated by an open space l, and constructed either-0f' boards, perforated by holesY of'one and one-halfi'ncli diameter, or of laths, with Y open interstices between them, as shown in'gs. 3 and 4. On this false bottom are piled up sheets of leadl or copper, or scraps of iron, rolled in spiral form, as

shown in tigs. 1, 2, and 4. or in other suitable manner, so that the vapors from below have free accessto every part of them.

The tub A is closed by a wooden cover, fr, perforated bya centre-hole, m, through which the upper .end and orice. of the T-shaped pipe C project, and by fournir-holes n nin n, which serve to keep up the draught through the whole apparatus.

Then I Want vto put my apparatus in operation, I. raise the temperature of the room in which it stands (in winter-time by articial heat) to 7()O Fahrenheit, and keep up thistemperature during the process. I then wet the charcoal in the tub with' vinegar, of such strength, that it'takes thirty-five to forty grains of bicarbonate of soda to saturate one ouncel of it.- This is done by pouring in the vinegar through the open orice of the T-shaped pipe C, projecting above the cover r, and turning the pipe slowly around.

Afterthe charcoal is thoroughly saturated with vinegar in this manner, I take a quantity of well-fermented molasses, Inaltrnash, sugar-mash, or any other liquid containing alcohol, and capable ot' generating acetic acid, and distribute it through the T-shaped pipe over the surface of the charcoal by slowly tuming the pipe. The liquid, in filtering through the ditferent layers of charcoal, emits, tirst, carbonic acid, and is then converted, by the action of the oxygen of the air ascending from below through the air-holes in the false bottom B 'and the air-pipe h, into acetic acid,-

which rises in vapors, and enters the space above the second false bottom D, corroding the lead, copper, 'or iron sheets piled up there, and converting them into carbonate of lead, acetate of copper,- or acetate of oxide of irong The vinegar, which drops down and collects, during the process, in the open space x, below thclower false bottom, is from time to time drawn oft', through the hole (l, and used to wet the charcoal in the manner described, by distributing it through the T-shaped pipe A over the surface of the same.

The chemical action of the oxygen of the air, during the process, keeps up the temperature in the tub high enough for 'the purpose of Vinegar-production, without the aid of articial heat.

After the process' has gone on, in the manner described, for three or four days, a' small quantity of white vinegar of commerce vis used, to wash oil' the impurities, collected in the interior of the T-shaped pipe, from the molasses, malt, or sugar-mash used.

Vhen this is done, the T-shaped pipe is drawn up so far that the cross-piece nearly reaches the cover 1 of the tub, then a solution ot' seven parts of crystallized carbonate of soda, to two hundred parts of water, is poured in through the upper orifice, and the same is slowly turned around, to Wet'the whole quantity of Ilead contained in the apparatus. (lVhen acetate of copper or iron is manufactured, this part of the process, of course, is left out.)

After nine or ten days the process is finished, and the oxide of lead is taken out and put ina vessel, cont taining a small quantity of Water.

(This process can also be dispensed with, in the manufacture of acetate of copper or iron. It is sufcient to scratch oi` the verdigris from the copper by Letters Patent, is-

1. The apparatus for making carbonate of lead, acetate of copper, and acetate of oxide of iron, consisting'of tub A, provided with two false perforated bottoms B and l), air-pipe 71 T-shaped dristributingpipe C, air-holes o o o o o o and n n n n, and layers of charcoal, e f g, or their equivalents, all arranged and operatingr as speoied.

2. The process of making carbonate of lead, acetate of copper, and acetate of.' oxide of iron by means of said apparatus, substantially as described.

3. The use of a solution of carbonate of soda or potashinside and outside of said apparatus, for the purpose of completing the conversion of the acetate of lead into carbonate of lead. l L The niodc of producing vapors of acetic acid and bringing them in contact with metallic leadhcopper, or iron, substantially and for the purpose as set forth.

OTTO JACOBI.

fitnesses HERMANN SPOERKE, J ons BENTLEY.

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