US941794A - Compound turbine. - Google Patents

Description

G. MBYBRSBBRG, GOMPOUND TURBINE.`

APPLICATION FILED SBPT.21,1908.

' Patented Nov. 30, 1909.

l STE UNT@ GUSTAV MEYERSBERG, GF BERLIN, GERMANY.

COIKPGUND TURBINE.

To all rw/tom it may concern:

Be it .known that l, GfUsrav Mnrnnsnno, engineer, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and a resident of Barbarossastrasse 25, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain new and useful lmproven'ients in Compound rlurbines, and do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drznvings, and to letters of reference mai-lied thereon, which form a part of this specification.

As the motive fluid for driving engines mixtures of gases and liquids may be used with advantage according to known methods by transferring energy contained in the liquid to the gaseous medium and vice versa. he former is the case for example in hydraulic compressors, the latter is the case in liquid pumps actuated by compressed air, also in turbines or other motors which are driven by a liquid which is provided with energy in expansion chambers. With the exception of those cases in which a natural fall serves as the source of power, or where, as in compressed air actuated pumps, the raising` of liquids is the purpose desired, it is in general of advantage to lead the liquid back again through the engine after it has passed through once and to utilize it again in a cycle.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of a multiple-stage compressor containing my invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the engine shown in Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a multiple-stage turbine constructed according to my invention.

l have found that the best results are obtained in each particular case by employing a certain ratio between the amount of liquid and the amount of gas, and this ratio l have termed the mixing ratio. l have further found that it is advantageous to employ a large amount of gas as compared with the amount of liquid. However, when the differences of pressure are considerable l lind it impossible to carry out the process in one stage, but it is then necessary to subdivide Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 21, 1908.

Fatentetl Nov. 30, 11.91%).

Serial No. 454,039.

it into several stages according to the general principles well-known in turbines. Wlhat has been termed the mixing ratio of the gaseous liquid will in suoli a multiplest-age engine or turbine vary from stage to stage. Now as the same quantity of gas passes through all the stages it follows therefrom that the volume of liquid in the cycle must be different in the different stages, from which it also follows that each stage must have its own special cycle, at least it is necessary that a portion of the liquid should circulate in the one stage while another portion can pass over into the neighboring stage. The quantity of liquid which is in this way withdrawn from the cycle must naturally be replaced, which can be done by a supply from without or from a higher stage. lt is however not possible to convey the whole of the liquid successively from one stage t0 another.

F ig. l illustrates in central vertical longitudinal section an example of a multiple stage compressor. al, a2, a3 are the rotors of the diiferent stages, 1, b2, b3 the rings with compression passages corresponding thereto. Atmospheric air which is to be compressed to a higher pressure enters at ,fo and passes through the rotors by passages (Z1, cl2, d3, indicated in dotted lines, while the liquid, such as water for example, is carried back in the cycle through the passages el, c2, c3. The passage of the air from one stage to the other takes place through openings f1, f2, f3, the outlet of the compressed air from the last stage is effected through the pipe f3.

The way in which the water circulates will now be more fully explained with reference to Fig. 2. ln this ligure m1, asf, 023 indicate the water cycles of the different stages. The difference in the quantity of the water in each stage is represented by the different breadths of the current passages diagrammatically shown. The several cycles may be completely separated from each other by partit-ions, but as indicated in Figs. l and 2 it is possible to provide communications between the several stages whereby a portion of the water in the cycle flows from one stage to the other. y1 and y2 are connecting pipes allowing such communication. This method of connection may be used to obtain a cooling of the water. For this purpose a quantity of cold water may be supplied at g3 for example While at y0 the same quantity of Warm Water lows away. 'lhe same quantity of Water must therefore also tlow through y1 and gf" as is supplied at g/S and carried away at y0.

Fig. 3 is a similar View to Fig. l showing a multiple stage turbine in Which the various parts are marked with the same letters of reference as in Fig. 1. The pressures however fall from the tirst to the last stage While in the compressor shown in Fig. l they rise. rlhe passages 1, b2, b are therefore expansion passages and not compression passagesn Rings of turbine blades 7c are also provided in addition to the bladings shown in F ig. l.

The driving gas or the 'vapor enters at high pressure at 7"), and leaves the engine exhausted at Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed7 l declare that what l claim is l. rlhe method oit operating machines of the type in which a mixture of a gaseous medium and a liquid medium is so employed that energy transferred from one medium to the other in passages in which pressure changes, according to which the operation is etl'ected in stages, the mixing ratio ot the driving gas and liquid being different in the seveV 'al stages.

2. The method of operating machines of the type in which a mixture of a gaseous medium and a liquid medium is so employed that energy is transferred from one medium to the other in passages in which the pressure changes, according to which the operation is ett'ected in stages, the mixing ratio of the driving gas and liquid being different in the several stages, and the liquid in each stage is caused. to tlow in a separate cycle.

8. The method ot operating machines of the type in which a mixture ot' a gaseous medium and a liquid medium is so employed that energy is transferred from one medium to the other in passages in which pressure changes, according to which the operation is etl'ected in stages the mixing ratio of the driving gas and liquid being dittferent in the several stages, a portion ot the liquid being delivered from the circulating cycle of one stage into that ot another stage.

rl`he foregoing specification signed this l5 day of' August, 1908.

GUSTAV MEYERSBERG.

In presence ofM `WOLD1 1MAR HAUPT, ARTHUR SHRoEDnn.

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