US941639A - Mechanical movement. - Google Patents

Description

R. T. JOHNSTON. MECHANICAL MOVEMENT. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 27, 1904. RENEWED APR. 5, 1909.

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MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

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"oNiTED STATES] PATENT orrion.

ROBERT T. JOHNSTON, 0F PLAINFIELD, NEW

JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE CAMPBELL PRINTING PRESS & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A GOR- PORATION OF NEW YORK.

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented NOV. 30, 1909.

Application filed January 27, 1904, Serial No. 190,812. Renewed April 5, 1909. Serial No. 488,068.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT T. JOHNSTON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Plainfield, State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Mechanical Movement, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a new and improved apparatus for converting rotary motion into rectilinearly reciprocating motion.

To this end, this invention consists of the parts and combinations of parts as hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

In the accompanying six sheets of drawings, Figure l is a sectional view taken on the line 11 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail view of the lock-pin cam, and Figs. 5 to 10 inclusive are diagrams on a reduced scale illustrating the different positions that the parts assume during the operation.

This invention has been designed as an improvement upon the mechanical motions which are disclosed in United States Letters Patent N 0. 570,586 granted in the name of Henry A. Wise Wood, Nov. 13, 1896, and in United States Letters Patent No. 570,597 granted Nov. 3, 1896 in the name of Winfield S. Huson.

The construction herein disclosed is primarily adapted for use as a bed-motion for printing presses, although it may be used in any location and in any class of machinery in which it may be desired to produce forward and backward movements; and while I shall describe my invention as applied to printing presses, it is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited to this particular application of my invention.

A printing press bed, to secure the best results, must be run at even speed during its forward and return strokes and must be gradually stopped and started again in reverse directions without jar or vibration.

Broadly considered, an apparatus constructed according to this invention comprises novel mechanisms that will gradually retard the bed to a state of rest, and then start the same in an opposite direction at a gradually accelerated speed; these reversing mechanisms being combined with a mechanism adapted to give the bed a printing and return stroke of uniform speeds, which mechanism will hereinafter be termed the main driving mechanism, while the other mechanisms will be termed the reversing mechanisms.

In printing press motions of the type disclosed in the Wood and Huson patents before referred to the main driving mechanism comprises a driving pinion cooperating with racks for giving the bed its main forward and return motions. In the construction of thesebed-motions as actually employed, the parts have been so timed that the driving pinion will make one complete turn for the main forward stroke of the bed, a half turn for the reversal at one end of the movement, a complete turn for the return stroke of the bed, and a half turn for the reversal of the bed at the other end of its movement. To complete acycle of operation in bed-motions of this class, as heretofore constructed, the driving pinion makes three complete turns. Considering the different times occupied in this type of bedmotions, as heretofore constructed, onethird of the time is given to a forward motion at uniform speed, one-sixth of the time is given to each reversal, and the remaining third of the time is given up to the return stroke at uniform speed. In actual practice, bed-motions of this class can be run at high speeds and with great efficiency in the smaller sizes of printing presses. In constructing the heavier and larger sized printing presses it has been found desirable to allow more time for reversals and to shorten the periods allowed for the travel of the bed at uniform speeds.

In a mechanical movement constructed according to this invention a two-revolution driving pinion is employed and the parts are so timed that the driving pinion will make a half turn during the forward motion of the bed at one end of its movement, a

half turn for the return stroke at uniform.

speed, and a half turn for the reversal of the bed at the other end of its movement.

A mechanical movement constructed to embody this invention is characterized by using two distinct reversing mechanisms operating from the same wristpin; that is, by providing means for making a direct conneetion from the wrist-pin for reversing the bed at one end of its movement, and providing means for making a change motion geared connection from said wrist-pin for reversing the bed at the other end of 1ts movement. By designing the reversing mechanisms according to this plan, the desirable timing specified can be adopted.

In the specific construction herein illustrated I employ a reciprocating member and lock-pin connection for reversing the bed at one end of its movement, and an oscillating gear for reversing the bed at the other end of its movement.

Referring to the drawings for a detail description of an apparatus embodying this invention, 4: and 5 designate the usual side frames of a printing press. On the side frames 4 and 5 the reciprocating member or bed 6 is mounted so as to reciprocate back and forth in any of the usual manners common in printing presses.

The bed 6 has secured to the under side thereof a rack-frame 7 and on this rackframe 7 are mounted the two parallel oppositely disposed or facing driving racks 3 and 9.

Secured to the under side of the bed 6 is a frame or bracket 10 which carries the short rack 12, which is engaged by the oscillating pinion for reversing the bed at one end of its movement, as hereinafter described.

Formed or fastened to the side-frame t is a bearing or journal-box 13, and in this bearing and the bearing 25 is mounted a shaft 15 which is the driving shaft of the machine, and 011 which may be mounted the usual tight and loose pulleys 16 and 17, by-

means of which power may be transmitted to the device.

A tie-beam 20 connects the side-frames 4 and 5 and on this tie-beam is mounted a bracket 21 which has extending arms 22 and 23 and bearings 24, 25 and 26 formed therewith. In the bearing 25 runs the shaft 15, as before described.

At their ends the arms 22 and 23 are provided with slide bearings, and in these slide bearings are mounted the arms 30 of the reciprocating yoke 31. On the back of the yoke 31 is formed or fastened the rack 32, which rack 32 meshes with the underside of a gear 33 loosely mounted on shaft 15, the gear 33 being held in place on said shaft between the collar 34 and the yoke 31, whereby said gear 33 is free to turn on a fixed axis. 4

Mounted in the bearing 26 is a stud 10, and mounted on this stud 40 is a gear 11 and pinion 70. The gear 41 is driven from a pinion50 fastened on the shaft 15. The reduction between the pinion 50 and gear 11 in the particular construction shown is two to one.

Fastened on the [side of the gear 4-1 is a bracket which carries a crank-pin 41-3. The crank-pin 13 is set on the pitch circumference of the gear 41, and this crank-pin 13 carries a block 42 fitting into the vertical slot 39 in the yoke 31.

By means of this construction the yoke 31 will be reciprocated back and forth at a speed which is the resultant of a crank movement, and thereby the gear 33 will be oscillated at this particular speed so that said gear 33 will cotiperate with the short rack 12, as hereinafter described, to reverse the motion of the bed at one end of its travel.

Fastened near the end of the shaft 15 is a pinion 51 which meshes with a gear 52. The gear 52 is fastened on the shaft 53 which is journaled in the eccentric bushing 5st.

The gear 52 coiiperates with the top and bottom racks 8 and 9 as the main driving pinion through which the bed is given its main forward and backward reciprocations.

The eccentric bushing has a flange and, as shown in Fig. 3, this flange has teeth 56, which teeth mesh with teeth formed on the end of a lever 57, the lever 57 being pivoted on a stud 58 secured in the bracket 21.

The pinion upon the shaft i0 meshes into a gear 71 fastened on a shaft 81, which shaft 81 is journaled in the side-frames of the press;

Fastened on the shaft 81 is a cam 80. A yoke 61 is mounted on a square block (32 on the shaft 81, and the yoke has rollers (33 and 64 which engage the cam 80. The cam 80 has two surfaces 82 and 83 connected by easy inclines, and in making one revolution the cam will move the yoke (31 for ard and back. The motion of the yoke imparts a vibrating motion to the lever 57 which will oscillate the bushing 5-1 to raise and lower the gear 52 to alternately engage with racks 8 and 9.

The parts as thus far described are substantially the same as those disclosed in the United States Letters Patent No. 570,586 to Henry A. Vise Vood before referred to. except that the main driving racks 8 and 9 are only one-half the length of the corresponding racks shown in said \Vood patent, and the reduction between the pinions '70 and gear 71 is two to one instead of three to one.

In the construction thus far referred to the gear 52 and the racks coiiperating therewith constitute a main driving mechanism, while the oscillating gear 33 and the short rack 12 constitute a reversing mechanism for reversing the bed at one end of its travel.

To reverse the motion of the bed at the opposite end of its travel, I preferably employ a lock-pin construction for making a direct connection between the bed and one of the arms 30 of the yoke 31.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the arm 30 is provided with a tapering hole 85.

Extending down from the bed 6 is a bracket 86 having a bearing or boss 87. Mounted in the bearing 87 is a taper pointed pin 88.

Pivoted between ears extending from the bracket 86 is a rock piece having arms 89 which are connected by a cross-pin to the lock-pin 88, and extending in an opposite direction from the arms 89 is an arm 90.

Pivoted on the lower arm 89 is a roller 92 and pivoted on the arm 90 is a roller 91. The rollers 91 and 92 are located in different horizontal planes, and coiiperating with the rollers 91 and 92 are the stationary cams 93 and 94 carried by a bracket 95 secured to the side-frame.

As shown most clearly in Fig. 1, the lockpin is normally kept in its retracted or drawn back position by means of a rod 96 with a spring coiled thereon. The lock-pin when controlled by its cams 93 and 94 provides a means for making a direct connection between the bed and the reciprocating yoke. This form of lock pin and the cams that operate the same are of substantially the same construction as shown in my pending application for patent, filed May 17, 1900, berial No. 16,973, and in this application for patent I do not desire to make any specific claims on the details of this lock-pin construction, as other devices may be employed for making connection between the bed and the reciprocating yoke to secure the reversal of the bed.

The operation of a mechanical movement as thus constructed can be most readily un- (lei-stood by a consideration of the diagrams shown in Figs. 5 to 10 inclusive. Referring to said figures, in Fig. 5, the bed is shown as just completing the direct stroke to the left, the gear 52 just leaving the rack 8 and the oscillating gear 33 just engaging the rack 12 to commence the reversing movement. In

this position the crank-pin 43 is at its lowestpoint, and the yoke is moving to the right at a speed equal to the peripheral speed of the gear 52, whereby the gear 33 will properly engage the rack 12 and move the bed to the left at a speed commencing at the maximum and gradually decreasing to zero as the crank 43 approaches the horizontal, or until the parts assume the position shown in Fig. (i. In other Words, by the quarter revolution of the crank-pin the bed is gradually:

retarded and brought to rest in a movement equal to the radius of the crank pin 43 or the pitch radius of the gear 52. During the next quarter revolution of the crank-pin the yoke will be moved to the left a distance equal to the crank radius at a speed gradually increasing from zero to the maximum, or until the parts assume the position shown in Fig. 7, the motion being transmitted to the bed by means of the rack 12 and oscillating gear 33. During this reversing action the cam 80 has oscillated the bushing 54, and the gear 52 has been lowered to engage the rack 9. During the next half revolution of the gear 52 the bed will be moved to the right a distance equal to one-half the pitch circumference of the driving gear 52, or until the parts assume the position shown in Fig. 8. In this position thegear 52 is just leaving the rack 9, and the arm 30 of the slider is moving in the same direction and at the same speed as the bed. The lock-pin now operates through the connections de scribed to lock the bed to the slider. During the next quarter revolution of the gear 52 the bed will move to the right under the control of the slider a distance equal to the crank radius at a speed commencing at maximum and gradually decreasing to zero, or until the parts assume the position shown in Fig. 9, which is the right-hand extreme of the travel of the bed. During the next quarter revolution of the crank-pin 43 the yoke will be moved to the left a distance equal to the crank radius at a speed commencing at zero and gradually accelerating to the maximum and the parts will be brought to assume the position shown in Fig. 10. During this reversal of the bed the cam 80 will oscillate the bushing 54 to raise the gear 52 so that the same will engage the rack 8, as shown. During the next half revolution of the ear 52 the bed will be moved to the left a dlstance equal to one-half a pitch circumference of the gear 52 so that the parts will again assume the position shown in Fig. 5, completing the cycle.

The main driving gear 52 makes two turns for each cycle of operation, a half turn for each main reciprocation in each direction, and a half turn for each reversal. That is to say, by using a revolving wrist pin and by making a direct connection therefrom through the slider to reverse the bed at one end of its movement, and by making a change motion geared connection therefrom through the oscillating gear 33 to reverse the bed in the other direction, I am enabled to provide a mechanical movement in which the time of each main forward and backward motion is the same as the time occupier for each reversal. The result of this is that in each cycle of operation more time is allowed for the reversals of the bed, and for this reason a mechanical movement constructed according to this invention is especially adapted for use on large size printingpresses. It may also be used to advantage in any class of machines in which heavy parts are to be reciprocated at high speeds.

I am aware that numerous changes may be made in the operative parts of a mechanical movement by those who are skilled in the art without departing from the scope of my invention as expressed in the claims. I do not wish, therefore, to be limited to construct-ions I have herein shown and described, nor for reasons before stated do I wish to be limited to the application of my invention to printing presses, but

l/Vhat I do claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. The combination of a reciprocating bed or member, a main driving mechanism therefor, a revolving wrist-pin, means for mak ing a direct connection therefrom for reversing the bed at one end of its movement, and means for making a change motion geared connection therefrom for reversing the bed at the other end of its movement.

2. The combination of a reciprocating bed or member, racks carried thereby, a tworevolution pinion alternately engaging said racks to form a main driving mechanism for the bed, a revolving wrist-pin making two revolutions for each cycle, means for making a direct connection from said wrist-pin for reversing the bed at one end of its movement, and means for making a change motion geared connection from said wristpin for reversing the bed at the other end of its movement.

3. The combination of a reciprocating bed or member, a main driving mechanism therefor, a reversing mechanism periodically connected to the bed to directly reverse the motion thereof at one end of its stroke, and an oscillating gear forming a change-motion connection for reversing the motion of the bed at the other end of the stroke.

4:. The combination of a reciprocating bed or member, a main driving mechanism there for, and two separate reversing mechanisms,

one comprising an independently moving member periodically connected to the bed to reverse the movement thereof at one end of its stroke, and the other comprising a crankactuated oscillating gear for reversing the bed at the other end of its stroke.

5. The combination of the reciprocating bed or member, a main driving mechanism therefor, a positively actuated reversing member periodically connected with the bed to reverse its motion at one end of its stroke, and an oscillating gear through which the reversing member is periodically connected to the bed to reverse its movement at the other end of its stroke.

6. The combination of the reciprocating bed or member, a main driving mechanisni comprising a two revolution pinion, and racks cooperating therewith, and a c'ank actuated member directly connected with the bed to reverse the movement thereof at one end of its stroke, and connected through an oscillating gear to reverse the bed at the other end of its stroke.

7. The combination of the reciprocating bed or member, an independently movable member, a locking mechanism for periodically connecting the movable member to reverse the bed at one end of its stroke, a gear mounted to oscillate on a fixed axis, a rack carried by the independently movable member meshing with the lower side of the oscillating gear, and a short rack carried by the movable bed or member and engaged by the oscillating pinion to reverse the motion of the bed at the other end of its stroke.

8. The combination of a reciprocating bed or member, a main driving mechanism comprising a driving gear, top and bottom racks cooperating therewith, means for raising and lowering the driving gear to cooperate with said racks, and a crank-actuated independently movable member directly connected to the bed to reverse the movement thereof at one end of its stroke, and connected through an oscillating gear to reverse the movement of the bed at the other end of its stroke.

9. The combination of the reciprocating bed or member, a main driving mechanism comprising a two-revolution driving gear, and racks cooperating therewith to give the reciprocating bed or member its main forward movement during a half turn of the driving gear, and to give the reciprocating bed or member its main backward movement during the half turn of the driving gear, and an independently movable member directly connected with the bed to reverse the movement thereof at one end of its stroke during a half turn of the driving gear, and connected through an oscillating gear to reverse the movement of the bed at the other end of its stroke during the last half turn of the driving gear.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT T. JOHNSTON. \Vitnesses D. W. J ones, W. J. KITCHEN.

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