US938393A - Building construction. - Google Patents

Description

E. D. MARTIN.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN ZI, 1909.

Patented 06's. 26, 1909' 1 i m y 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. D. MARTIN.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

APELIOATIIQN FILED JAN. 21, 1909.-

938,393, Patented 0011.26, 1909.

SSEBETS-SHEET 2.

.14.. a. XW

E. D. MARTIN. BUILDING GONSTRUGTION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 21, 1909.

w 3. .r h w m (w 2 /W L M A l C E M J W0 a I P EDGAR 1). MARTIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLIiaoIs, assi'elvon SMITH, or CHICAGO, mnmorsaz BUILDING; CONSTRU'CTEON.

osseea I Application filedli'anuery 21,1909. Serial no. 472,

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, EDGAR D. MARTIN, citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Building Constructions, of

which the following is a specification.

his invention relates to building constructions of that type which comprise a body of concrete and metallic reinforcements embedded therein.

This invention relates more particularly to that class of building constructions in which the floor is supported Wholly upon the columns or upon the columns and inclosing Wall of the structure without the use of any structural steel girders, reinforced concrete girders or the like.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide an in'iproved construction of this class which shall be light in weight, easily erected and when complete will be strong, substantial and capable ofsustaining very heavy loads.

Another object is to simplify constructions of this type by minimizing and distributing the metal i'einforccment-s in. such positions that a minimum amount of metal may beemployed to produce a construction which will carry as heavy loads as is borne in structures where a much greater amount of metal is employed.

To such ends this invention consists in certain n'ovcl features of construction and arrangement, a description of which will be found in the following specification and the of which will be more essential features definitely pointed pended hereto.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the drawings furnished herewith, in which- Figure 1 is a'diagrannnatie plan view illustrating one arrangement of the metal reinforcement of the caps of the supporting columns and the metal reinforcements which are laid in the floor, Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken through two columns and the floor, the line of section being indicated at 2-2 F ig. 1, Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the floor taken on the line 38 of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a vertical section throu h two columns and the floor taken on the the 44 of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a detail vert'c-al cross section taken on the. line 5-5 of Fig.

4, Fig. is a detail vertical section taken out in the claims ap- Specificetiou oflet'ters Patent.

' vertical or forcements.

,e ae teaoeaee, con.

material and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a fragment of plan of the building.

"1, ag, 7 fi apex: spective View of the'lowcl 5 0 relnforclng rectan les are'prefer I ably arranged from gboustltibto" 24 feet: apart, depending of course 'upon the general v" The construction ofthese columns is immaterial to my invention @FM GEf or ate-mas so attenuate 1%;-

broadly considered, but asshown comprises vertical bars or rods 11 12, and a body of coneret' rods and connecti' Any well known fornrofl'sftq can be employed in connect st ruction. The column "w th masco their intersections with the va'rious fioors straign't rods extending parallel with the lower inclined faces of-th'e brackets and the stirrups may be rep'l ac d l verticall Rods 18, are placfed ff b'raclmts 14L, at of the floor, K have down turned ends 18,'adapted to rest temporarily upon the Wooden centers or molds in which the concrete is molded to form the floor. The preferred form of ar rangcment is to have the rods above'the arms of the caps or my invention, as they may be arranged in various other forms, as tor instance, they connecting hoo I.

V p 'vided with, widely spreading caps or brackets .,14, at

and, the] caps: or

ther, suitable and if desired, said rods may metal reinforcements,

' rodslo, and I,

extend .t rans- I column andiincline to'ward,:,

ip'is p efer:

5 .5 lie directly brackets, although this arrangcment is immaterial to might be arranged in the form of a circle around the column, but by arranging them in the manner in which I have shown them it is possible to use a lighter wei ht of metal and a com aratively small num er of rods. In the pre erred form, the rods are arranged to extend through the turns of the stirrups as clearly indicated in Fig. 5, although this is a matter of convenience in erecting the building. A metal reinforcement, preferabl metal fabric, is laid over the area bounde by the columns and in the preferred form is laid throughout the floor, except of course at points where openings are cut through the cor for elevators, Stairways, and the like, and said metal fabric may consist of strips of wire mesh, expanded metal or the like, or it may comprise rods which are laid so as to form a fabric. The reinforcement takes the form of a single: sheet lying in .two

' planes, which planes are in staggered relaplane adjacent to the tion with respect to each other, as seen at 19, 19. Between the brackets of the col umns the reinforcement lies in the lower plane and at oints where it passes over the caps or brac ets 14, the fabric rises to a upper face of the oor, preferably lyin upon the rods 18, as clearly indicated in Fig. 6. It is immateria whether this fabric is above or'below the rods 18, but it is essential that it be adjacent to the upper edge of the floor at the points where it extends over the caps. Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate the arrangement of the metal reinforcement 19, 19', where it will be seen that it is offset or folded down at the outer ends ofthe rods 18, and also folded down along the lines which extend from the ends of the rods 18, of each column. It ,will thus be seen that a single or unitary reinforcement'sheetis employed which takes care of a the tensile strains at the upper and'lower metal fabric of approximately the wi ric cover the faces of the floor, and that stresses at any point on the floor will be "transmitted in every horizontal direction toward the brack ets by the reinforcement. In certain classes of buildings no other reinforcements for the floor are necessary, but where great strength is re uired,'it is desirable to em loy a metal rein orcement which is embe ded in the floor at a point near its u per face; As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, additional reinforcements 20, extend diagonally across the columns and preferably consist of stri s of th of the caps and as shown the strips of metal fabreater portion of the floor, although I fin that it is not essential to emloy very heavy fabric nor is it necessary to ave the-fabric stretch from column to column as part may com rise loosely laid rods or wires, if desired. n erecting the building. the metal reinforcements are put in, place 'a'ntlwooden forms 21, are then secured ing caps, of a around said metal reinforcements and the concrete poured in to the molds in the customary way. ,1

It will be noticed that the reinforcements for the floor are placed only at such points aS. they are required, thereby reducing to a minimum the amount of metal necessary to make a floor capable of sustaining very 1 heavy loads.

I realize that various alterations and modifications of thetstructure are possible without departin from the spirit of my invention, and I 0 not therefore desire to limit myself to the exact construction shown and described, except as may be necessitated by the prior state of the art.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a building construction, the combination with columns having suitable caps, of a girderless floor supported thereby andv comprising a body of concrete united witlr the columns and caps, and a sheet of metal reinforcement extending through ut the floor and embedded in the concr te, t lat portion of the reinforcement which extends. between the caps being disposed near the lower face of the floor and that portion which extends over the caps being di'sposednear the upper face of the floor,

2. In a building construction, the combination with columns having widely spi'eading caps, of a giirlerless flog-J supported thereby, and comprising a body of concrete united with the columns and cups, and a sheet of metal reinforcement embedded. in said concrete and extending throu hout'the floor between the caps in a plane acent to the lower face of the floor and having offset portions above the caps which lie in a plane adjacent to the upper face of the floor 3. Ina building construction, thecombination with columns having wide] spreadof a girderless floor supported ing caps, thereby, and comprising a body of concrete united with the columns and ca s, and a sheet of reinforcement embedde in said concrete and extending between the several column caps in a plane adjacent to the lower faec of the floor, and havlng oflset portions above the caps which lie in a plane adjacent to the upper face of the floor.

4. In a building construction the combination with columns having widely spreadgirderless floor supported thereby and comprising a body of concrete united with the columns and caps, and a reinforcement comprising a sheet of metal fabric embedded in said concrete, and arran ed to lie in a plane adjacent to the lower ace of the floor at all points between the caps and having offset portions lying .in a plane adjacent to the upper face of the floor atall points above the caps.- 1

5. In a building construction the combination with reinforced concrete columns having widely sprawling metal reinforced concrete caps, of a girderlcss lioor supported thereby, and COlnpll I b a body of concrete and a single, sheet of metal fabric reinforow ent embedded in the concrete and extendthroughout the floor bounded by the s, the portions of said fabric which 'e hove, the caps being disposed near the ,p'per face of thc lioor and the portions of Iabric between the caps being depressed 0 l e adjacent to the lower face of the door, in a building constrnction, the ooinbination with columns having widclv s greadiug caps, of a girdcrl lioor :pported thereby, and comprising a body of concrete, a sheet 01 metal reinlorcomcnt extending throughout and having portions U16 floor disposed abovc the median line ol the door at points above the caps, and below the modian line of tho lioor bctv-rccu tho caps, and a second sheet of metal reinforcement extending between the several roliunns and lying Wholly in a single plane above tho nio dian line.

in a building constriu'tion, tho combination with columns having uidcly sprca i- .ing caps, of a girderlcss i'ioor supported 1 llieroby, and comprising a body of concr to, a sheet of metal fabric extending through out the floor and having portions above tlic raps disposed above the media. lino oi the i Y 1 thenortious between the caps dcclow the median line of tho floor,

1 ct 01? metal :laln'io extending several columns and lying net-ween t Wholly above slid median lino.

In a buildn r con. rut-lion, the (Ollibin'idcly spreadfloor supported r'smn a body of concrete, ibric extruding througln being coin )osed ot 'l'abric aid longitudinallr and latbuildina' and have portions 1 is which lie above the median line of t or, and portions between the caps which liev below said median line, and a second sheet of metal fabric composed ol nd e l fabric strips laid diagonally across the caps of the several columns and lying in a plane aboveithe median line the :tloor.

a building construction, the oombi nation with columns eon'iprisina body oft concrete and metal reinforcemeins, and having; Widely spreading caps comprisii'ig a plurainy of radially disposed arms composed oi: bodie of concrete and meta en or-cements,

."f I: q ,1 Ll v. Q or a girdciieso llOOl snp ioiian iucicby and being composed of a body of concrete. and two sheets of metal fabric embedded in the concrete, one sheet bcing disposed wholly above the median line of the floor and extending between the several columns and the other sheet extending;- throughout the lioor and having portions above the caps whirl-h disposed above the median line of the floor, and portions between the caps Wh'ch (llSliOSQLl below the median line of tho door. 7

1%). ii a building construction, the combination wil (b having u'iilelyljsprcading naps, of a t lloor carricd tbereby and. comm-hang; a body of ooncrctc,a sheet of motal fabric extending throughout tho floor and having portions above the caps lying; above the median line of the floor and portions between the caps disposed belowthe median line, and a series of rods extending over the caps in a piano adjai'zcnt to the upper taco of the, lioor.

ll, in a building construction, the combination with columns having Widely spread in suns, of a girderless floor carricd'thercby and couipi'ising a body of concrete, a shoot i'nclal fabric extending throughout the floor and having portions above the caps lying above the. modiau line, of the i100 and portions bctwcen the :aps disposed below the median lino of tho lloor and a series of rods enondiiu; over thc caps in a plane adjaccnt to Rho upper face of the floor.

12. fr building construction, comprising in cmubinalimi, concrctc columns having vertical and transverse mctal ruinfor-cements thorci'u, concrete floor Carrying arms integral with the columns, coiled rods or bars en'ibcdded in said arms and acting as metal rciiiit'orrcuicnts for the arms, and a metal reinforced, concrete girdcrlcss floor slab integral with the columns and arms.

A building; construction, comprising in ci'mil'iinalion, concrete columns having vertical and trausvcrso metal rcinforcv'ucnts therein, concrete floor (carrying ill'lllr: -il:c grail with tho oolninns,iuclalrcinforccmonts for said arms comprising coiled rods or bars and stirrnps embedded in said arms, and a "orccd, concrete, girderless floor

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