US9383305B2 - Method and system for controlling a filter - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling a filter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US9383305B2 US9383305B2 US13/823,020 US201113823020A US9383305B2 US 9383305 B2 US9383305 B2 US 9383305B2 US 201113823020 A US201113823020 A US 201113823020A US 9383305 B2 US9383305 B2 US 9383305B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- test
- salt
- measurement
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active, expires
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 208000029422 Hypernatremia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/442—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by measuring the concentration of particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/444—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by flow measuring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
- B01D46/446—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by pressure measuring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/80—Diagnostics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N2015/084—Testing filters
Definitions
- the invention relates to the filters for air intake ducts in a turbine, in particular a gas turbine.
- the invention relates to the filters used in installations situated in a salt water-rich environment.
- the air contains fine particles of dust, most of which are of the order of a few microns.
- a turbine is very sensitive to the negative effects of these dust particles.
- the atmospheric air can contain dust, mist, rain water, salt water, carbon particles, etc. Consequently, the air sucked in by the turbine is likely to cause corrosion and pollution inside the duct of the turbine and in particular inside the air compressor which is located first in the duct. The performance of the compressor is reduced, thus generating a reduction in the efficiency of the power generator of the turbine.
- a filter is generally placed at the inlet of the air intake duct of the turbine, so as to avoid the deposition of dust particles contained in the air in the compressor of the turbine.
- the retention corresponds to the ratio between the weight of the dust particles retained and the overall weight of the dust exposed to the filter.
- the dust trace corresponding to the relative visual clogging characteristics due to the dust which has passed through the filter can also be considered.
- the objective of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a system for monitoring the performance levels of filters for air intake ducts of a turbine.
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring a filter for an air intake duct of a turbine in which the filter is subject to an incident flow of sprayed salt water, and parameters of the flow on either side of the filter, representative of the salt retention capability of the filter, are measured.
- the filter is subject to an incident flow of sprayed salt water, and parameters of the flow on either side of the filter, representative of the salt retention capability of the filter, are measured.
- the filter to be monitored is used in an environment other than the maritime environment.
- the measurement steps are carried out in a sequence of at least one test.
- measurement members are moved in a test duct in which the filter is placed.
- Three fifteen-minute tests can be performed, at twenty-minute intervals.
- the filter can advantageously be dried between the sequences.
- the filter is inclined by ten degrees relative to the horizontal axis.
- each test comprises the measurement of the salt concentration, of the salt water droplet distribution and of the quantity of water and of salt.
- the dry filter can be charged with dust and at least one test sequence can be performed on the dry filter charged with dust.
- the salt retention capability of the filter is measured.
- the invention relates to a system for monitoring a filter for an air intake duct in a turbine comprising a means for injecting a flow of sprayed salt water toward the filter.
- the monitoring system also comprises members for measuring parameters of the flow on either side of the filter representative of the salt retention capability of the filter.
- the measurement members comprise at least one member chosen from a flow meter, a conductivity meter, a photometer, a white light spectrometer, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor and a particle measurement device.
- the monitoring system 1 comprises a test duct 2 in which a filter to be tested 3 is mounted and in which test steps are carried out to determine the salt retention capability of the filters 3 .
- the test duct 2 is thus provided with an appropriate support for the filter 3 (not represented) in order to position it transversally in the duct in the path of an incident air flow illustrated by arrows F.
- a high performance filter 4 is mounted at the inlet of the test duct 2 so as to supply quality air in the duct, in particular in different measurement areas A, B, C and D.
- the measurement area A is situated between the HEPA filter 4 and the filter to be tested 3 as far as the area B which is situated directly upstream of the filter 3 .
- the area C is situated directly downstream of the filter 3 and the area D is situated downstream of the area C.
- the test duct 2 comprises a means 5 for injecting a flow of salt water toward the filter 3 and an air transmission device (not represented) situated upstream of the test duct 2 .
- the monitoring system 1 comprises members for measuring parameters of the flow arranged on either side of the filter 3 . These measurement members are linked to a computer 6 which makes it possible to record the measurements performed.
- the measurement members comprise, for example, a flow meter 7 , a humidity sensor 8 , a static pressure sensor 8 a , a white light spectrometer 9 , a graduated means 9 a , a photometer 10 , a conductivity meter 11 and a means 12 for measuring the number of particles. Obviously, one or more of these members can be used depending on the types of test to be carried out. Other types of measurement members can also be used.
- the flow meter 7 is situated upstream of the HEPA filter 4 and makes it possible to determine the flow rate of the incoming air.
- a humidity sensor 8 and a static pressure sensor 8 a are situated in each of the areas A and D.
- the white light spectrometer 9 and makes it possible to determine the quantity of water in the area A injected by the injection means 5 and the quantity of water in the area D.
- the graduated means 9 a is situated in the areas B and C and makes it possible to determine the quantity of water present in these areas.
- the photometer 10 is situated in the area A and makes it possible to determine the salt concentration.
- the conductivity meter 11 and the means 12 for measuring the number of particles are situated in the areas B and C on either side of the filter 3 .
- the conductivity meter 11 determines the salt concentration and the measurement means 12 makes it possible to determine the partial effectiveness of the filter 3 .
- the partial effectiveness corresponds to the number of particles situated downstream of the filter 3 compared to the number of particles of the same size situated upstream of the filter 3 .
- the duct 2 as represented has, by way of non-limiting example, a stepped form so as to obtain a better distribution of the injection of the salt wafer on the filter 3 .
- a first level difference 13 forms an angle ⁇ with the horizontal axis
- a seccnd level difference 14 forms an angle ⁇ with the horizontal axis.
- the angle ⁇ can be less than 7° and the angle ⁇ can be greater than 20°.
- a duct that is straight or with different angles ⁇ and ⁇ can also be considered to perform the monitoring of the filter 3 .
- the filter 3 to be tested is inclined by an angle ⁇ relative to the horizontal axis of the duct 2 .
- the angle ⁇ can be 10°.
- the filter 3 is mounted in the duct 2 by seal-tight fastening means (not represented) in order to direct the flow of salt water only through the filter 3 .
- the salt concentration injected by the injection means 5 can be, for example, 35 g/L.
- a first monitoring step consists in calibrating the white light spectrometer 9 and the means 12 for measuring the number of particles.
- the filter to be tested 3 is not positioned in the duct 2 .
- a flow of air is directed by the air transmission device through the HEPA filter 4 so as to obtain a good air quality in the measurement areas A, B, C and D, then the salt water is injected by the injection means 5 .
- the flow of air makes it possible to obtain an incident flow of sprayed salt water toward the filter 3 .
- the computer 6 records the values from the white light spectrometer 9 , from the conductivity meter 11 and from the means 12 for measuring the number of particles upstream and downstream of the HEPA filter 4 , that is to say, respectively, the values of the quantity of water, of the salt concentration and of the number of particles.
- a second step consists in inserting and locking the filter 3 in the duct 2 , then the flow of air is transmitted by the air transmission device and the filter 3 is subjected to the incident flow of sprayed salt water by the injection means 5 for a determined duration, for example three hours.
- a third step consists in carrying out three tests during one hour.
- Each test comprises the measurement of the quantity of water by the white light spectrometer 9 , the measurement of the salt concentration by the photometer 10 and the measurement of the number of particles by the measurement means 12 in order to determine the partial effectiveness of the filter 3 .
- each test lasts approximately fifteen minutes. There is an interval of approximately twenty minutes between each test start.
- the white light spectrometer 9 and the photometer 10 are moved in the duct 2 along the horizontal axis. During the tests, the measurement members 9 and 10 can be positioned in the area B, then in the area A, then in the area D.
- the three tests are repeated for approximately two hours, in order to obtain three measurements from each of the measurement members 9 , 10 and 12 and deduce an average therefrom.
- test sequences The steps 1 to 4 are subsequently called “test sequences”.
- the fifth step consists in drying the filter 3 , for example by increasing the flow rate of the air.
- the filter is dried for approximately twelve hours then its humidity rate is checked.
- the test sequence is repeated at least once.
- the test sequence can be repeated up to four times.
- the dry filter 3 is charged with dust at 450 Pa, for example of ASHRAE type, and the test sequence is repeated again at least twice, then the filter 3 is once again charged with dust at 700 Pa, for example of ASHRAE type, and the test sequence is repeated at least twice.
- the loss of charge should be monitored regularly during the test.
- the invention which has just been described makes it possible to monitor a filter and determine its salt and dust retention capability in a maritime environment, as a function of the quantity of salt water upstream and downstream of the filter 4 , of the quantity of salt recovered upstream of the filter 4 .
- the quantity of salt water recovered upstream of the filter should be greater than the quantity of salt water recovered downstream of the filter, the value of the salt water droplet capability and the salt deposition quantity should be greater than or equal to reference values. It may be noted that there is generally a quantity of water, for example 25% of the initial quantity of water, which does not reach the filter 3 .
- the invention is not limited to monitoring filters used in a maritime environment but can be used to monitor any filter.
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1057254A FR2964574B1 (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2010-09-13 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING A FILTER |
FR1057254 | 2010-09-13 | ||
PCT/EP2011/065747 WO2012034971A1 (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-09-12 | Method and system for controlling a filter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20130276514A1 US20130276514A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
US9383305B2 true US9383305B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 |
Family
ID=43770491
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/823,020 Active 2032-06-28 US9383305B2 (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-09-12 | Method and system for controlling a filter |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9383305B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103209748B (en) |
DE (1) | DE112011103057T5 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2964574B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2497039B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012034971A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180306112A1 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | General Electric Company | System and Method for Regulating Flow in Turbomachines |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2014237819B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-12-06 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter media and elements |
US9474994B2 (en) | 2013-06-17 | 2016-10-25 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Filter media and elements |
FR3011190B1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-10-23 | Ge Energy Products France Snc | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZING THE OPERATION OF A WATER RETENTION APPARATUS |
US9435260B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2016-09-06 | Bha Altair, Llc | Method and system for testing filter element performance |
US20170001137A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2017-01-05 | CAMFlL AB | Air filtering device with salt load determination and method for monitoring filtration |
US9909415B2 (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-03-06 | Cameron International Corporation | Method and apparatus for analyzing mixing of a fluid in a conduit |
US10612412B2 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2020-04-07 | General Electric Company | System and method for condition based monitoring of a gas turbine filter house |
US20190262750A1 (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-08-29 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Filter measurements |
JP7086970B2 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2022-06-20 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | A system that reduces start-up emissions of power plants, including gas turbines |
CN113090394B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-02-15 | 清华大学 | Method for monitoring abnormity of intake air filtering efficiency of gas turbine |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4494403A (en) * | 1982-07-14 | 1985-01-22 | Flanders Filters, Inc. | Filter testing apparatus and method |
DE29507061U1 (en) | 1995-05-05 | 1995-07-27 | Hoechst Ag | Automated device for testing filter media |
DE29907077U1 (en) | 1999-04-21 | 2000-07-06 | Palas Gmbh | Device for testing filters |
US20040055900A1 (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-03-25 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Apparatus and methods for sampling and analyzing inlet air associated with combustion turbine |
US20090266048A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2009-10-29 | Robert Schwarz | Turbine Air-Intake Filter |
US20110048228A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2011-03-03 | Handley Michael W | Filter construction for use with air in-take for gas turbine and methods |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4312645A (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1982-01-26 | Parmatic Filter Corporation | Separator assembly |
US7604687B2 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2009-10-20 | Daramic Llc | Gas filtration media |
US8512432B2 (en) * | 2008-08-01 | 2013-08-20 | David Charles Jones | Composite filter media |
-
2010
- 2010-09-13 FR FR1057254A patent/FR2964574B1/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-09-12 DE DE112011103057T patent/DE112011103057T5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-09-12 CN CN201180054487.6A patent/CN103209748B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-09-12 US US13/823,020 patent/US9383305B2/en active Active
- 2011-09-12 WO PCT/EP2011/065747 patent/WO2012034971A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-09-12 GB GB1304339.3A patent/GB2497039B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4494403A (en) * | 1982-07-14 | 1985-01-22 | Flanders Filters, Inc. | Filter testing apparatus and method |
DE29507061U1 (en) | 1995-05-05 | 1995-07-27 | Hoechst Ag | Automated device for testing filter media |
DE29907077U1 (en) | 1999-04-21 | 2000-07-06 | Palas Gmbh | Device for testing filters |
US20040055900A1 (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-03-25 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Apparatus and methods for sampling and analyzing inlet air associated with combustion turbine |
US20090266048A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2009-10-29 | Robert Schwarz | Turbine Air-Intake Filter |
US20110048228A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2011-03-03 | Handley Michael W | Filter construction for use with air in-take for gas turbine and methods |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
International Search Report for PCT/EP2011/065747, Oct. 21, 2011 (2 pages). |
PDHengineer.com: "Filters for Industry," Chapter 3, Jan. 1, 2002, pp. 1-42, XP007918177, retrieved from: . |
PDHengineer.com: "Filters for Industry," Chapter 3, Jan. 1, 2002, pp. 1-42, XP007918177, retrieved from: <www.pdhengineer.com/courses/hv/m-4009.pdf>. |
Written Opinion for PCT/EP2011/065747, Oct. 21, 2011, 8 pages. |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180306112A1 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-25 | General Electric Company | System and Method for Regulating Flow in Turbomachines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112011103057T5 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
GB201304339D0 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
FR2964574B1 (en) | 2015-01-02 |
US20130276514A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
GB2497039A8 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
CN103209748A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
CN103209748B (en) | 2016-09-28 |
FR2964574A1 (en) | 2012-03-16 |
GB2497039A (en) | 2013-05-29 |
GB2497039B (en) | 2017-11-08 |
WO2012034971A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
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