US935283A - Gas-generating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

J. H. STRINGHAM. GAS GENERATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 13, 1905.

935,283, A w Patented. Sept. 2 8, 1909.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1..

\ WITNESSES:

INVENTOR Mu; 202E ATTORNEY mu mun, my. mum, Mama-rm, s, c.

J. H. STRINGHAM. GAS GENERATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATION TILED MAR. 13, 1905.

Patented Sept28,1909.

3 SHEETS-15331 2.

. I INVENTOR A. MW

WITNESSES:

H BY $2M;

. ATTORNEY J; STRINGHAM. GAS GENERATING APPARATUS. APPLIOATIOI IILED HAZE. 13, 1905.

Patented sept. 28, 1909;

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q vvimeooeo nunsrnmmumlmm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

JOHN H. STBINGHAM; or mnsnrc rr. NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE WESTING HOUSE MACHINE COMPANY, A conrona'non F rnnnsuvamsu GAS-GENERATING APPARATUS.

' To all whom it may concern:

. simple, compact, organized apparatus, by 7 Be it known thatI, Jonull. Srnniorrazr,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of. Jersey City, in the county of Hud- -sonand-State ofNew Jersey, have invented a new and usefulIm rovement. in Gas-Genera't -ii'ig Apparatus, o which the following is a specification.

Thisinvention relates to gasgenerating apparatus, and more especially to apparatus for; the commercial generation of what is now cou'mion-ly known as' producer-gas An ob ect of this invention is to prov de a means of which a roducer as of an uniformly goodqualitv may he plOtlllC/Bd' under arying load condition. Y I

A further ob ect has been to provide, in

such. a gas generating apparatus, agents whereby the water, steam and air supplies neeessary, vare automatically controlled and i'aried; and whereby the cost of operation, the necessary atteiitioinas well as the con sumptionof fuel for a given quantity of gas of the'desired minimum. l 7,

I These as well-as other objects which will readily appear to-those skilled in the art-to which this invention pertains, I attain'by means ot'apparat-us constructed as described in this specificationand illustrated in-the acc'ompanying drawings throughout which similar elements are denoted by like characters- The apparatus consists of a suitable gas generating chamber constructed andarranged to hold the fuel bed; asteam genera-- tor utilizing the sensible heat of. the gases generated, and through which said uses pass, and suitable scrubbing and purifying apparatus.-

In order to attain theobjects of this-i11 vention, and as the quantity of gas produced is-dependent upon the steam-and-air fuelbed-blast, I haveprovided means-whereby said blast automatically varies as the load conditions vary; the, operation of said means being-dependent upon the gas pressure at? the gas outlet of the apparatus, which pressure varies as the load conditions vary, and

saldnieans is so constructed and arranged that during all the variations of said blast,

steam generator.

quality, are reduced to the seemtal f tte at Patented Sept. 28, 1909. i

the proportions of air to steam remain substantially constant. This is a novel and most importantpoint.

As the sensible heat of the ases enerated.

quif'ed steam pressure in the steam generator to supply the fuehbed-blast, without unduly increasing the percentage of CO I have provided aburner beneath a portion of the steam generator, utilizing gas taken from the gasgenerating chan'iber, and I have made the: amount-of gas fed to this burner dependent upon the steam pressure in the steam generator, and, as it is an object of this invention to reduce to a minimum the attention necessary in the operation of this apparatus,

1 have provided means for autonnitically maintaining a constant water level inthe In the drawings, Figure 1 is a View of this organized apparatus, the gas generating portion of which is shown in sectional elevation, while the scrubbing and purifying portion,.which in themselves-form no part of this invention. are shown merely in outside "elevation: Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail View of a portion of the apparatus and illus-, 'trates the auxiliary steam-generator-heatlug-means, and the mechanism whereby the same isrendered fllltOlllfilLlC and the amount of gas fed to the burner thereof is made depende it. upon the steam pressure in the. steam generator: Fig. 3 is a detail View of.

the device for automatically controlling the steam entering into the make-up of the fuelbed-blas t, and shows means whereby'the vol- .umeof the steam is made dependent upon the gas pressure at the outlet of the apparatus, and therefore upon the variations in" the loaddemands: Fig. 4 is a detail View of the mechanism whereby the amount of air entering into the make-up of said fuel-bedblast is varied in proportion to. the variations in the amount of said blast.

-The gas 'enerating portion of the apparatus consis ls o'f-a gas generating chamber -13, which may be formed in any suitable manner and of any desired material. Suitsteam supplied to able sight holes 6, provided with proper sealing means, extend through the walls of ling a val-ve- 25'include device. for'automatically controlling the vol-;

way, which will be-closed during the operations of the producer, is utilized for ini-' ,tially charging the generating chamber besidesbeing utilized as a man-hole whereby accessto the interior of the chamber is gained. A twyer or blast-pipe 11, the up-- per end of which is properly flanged and protected, extends up into the generating chamber through the center of the supporting grate and terminates at a point which is slightly below the zone of combustion. A super-imposed tubular boiler or steam generator 12 is supported by the walls of the gas generating chamber, and a number of rows ofutubes 13 thereof serve as outlet passage-ways for the gas generated withinchamberfi. These tubes 13 lead to a common chamber 1i above. the boiler or steam generator, and from this common chamber the gas passes out of the gas generating portion of the apparatus throu h a'pip'e 15 and into the scrubbing and puri ing portion 16, from which it leaves through an outlet 17,, 30 ,to be conducted tothe place to be 'utilizedf Located above the boiler 12 and forming the upper wall of gas chamber 14,is a fuel hopper 18 which extends down into the gas generating-chamber in the formof a pipe 19, passing centrally through the steam 'genera-' Ttor, which; is formedto accommodate the" same. The fuel hopper 18 is provided with a' cover 20 and a fuel valve 21 leading into the same, through which the fuelfor form; ing the fuel-bed in the gas enerating chamber'is fed, LA steam jet b ower 22, of any desired construction, connects withtw'yer 11' by means of a pipe 23, and receives itssteam from the steam generator through .a pipe 24. ff Located adjaoent'to'pipe 24" and-controls in said'.pipe, is the umeof steam flowing through pi'peg24 and enterin' the steam jet blower! This'devijce .prefera 1y consists of-apivotedlever arm 26," which engages the stem of valve 25, is provided-with a, counterpoismweig'ht 27 adj ust-ably -movable, lon 'tudinally' "of; said:

i -5'5; lever. "Contacting withv ever 26 i's avin'ovable rod or. member 28 secured to a ielding dia- 'pressureat'theoutlet of theqapparat'usby meanslof a pipe-30 .v -The position .of mem-rg ber28, by means of: a. set-screw 31, may. be

1 9-" adjusted orderftq" calibrate v the device;

.The movements of the yielding-'1 diaphragm v 29 in 'oppositionto weight27 varytthe post'- 7 f tion of'thQSfiein of valve 25 its the: gfa ;s ;presvide avalve 32 in, the air inlet to thesteam "phragm29. 'to control both the steam and wai'yiiig steam flows, provided the-initial ,tersupplyj-of a pressure exceeding that under "more of theollter'l'ows O the b il l tubes low the steam generator, I place abjurner ure at the enumerat apparatus ,arie's, I

' refitting chamber through a .gascondudA,

and the-devicevis sdwusti uctedith lti-w ii l the gas pressure drops, the steam valve 25 willbe opened more or less to increase the steam fiowto. the jet blower, whereby the combustion of the fuel in the fuel bed, and therefore the yield of gas, will'be. increased until the predetermined pressure at the gas,

outlet has been attained- In order to mamtain proper proportions of air to steam in the fuel-bed-blast, I pr0- 5' et blower, and l vary the position of this valvefand therefore the effective air opening leading to the blower, as the volume of steam-flowing through'pipe 21 varies. In order to accomplish this, I provide'a valveoperating motorwhich consists of a movable piston 33 which subjected to the steam pressure in l) ll) 2t through abranch pipe The device is calibrated by means or a spring S-fiwvhich operates in opposition to the steam pressure, and iscapable of being adu-sted b v n 1eans ot a screw-plug 3G. The

piston, through a piston-rod 37 and lever ;38, is connected to the stem of. valve It will be seen that, if desirable, thejstem of valve 32 may be connected to lever 26 of The steam flow regulating device, and the air valve regulating device may be dispensed with, thus allowing themovement of diaair flows. If desirable, "a steam-jet blower may be substituted for the one 'shown,-\ .'hich.

so constructed as to maintain substantially copst ant propprtionsflot air and steam under steam pressure is maintained constant in pipe Qlbetween the steam generator and the steam regulating device. The water level in the steam generator is maintained at a constant level by means of any suitable float "device 39 arranged to control aufater valve -10 in the water line 41 leading td'the steam generator, It will be understood that pipe 41 connects with somesuitable source .of;wa-'

deriving steam from an outside source,fas-is nowcommen, Icut out or segregate one or from communicatioirwith the gas generatii-ig chamber and the gas' 'passages leading there.-

from, and within" a suitable housing '42 be- Igipe This'b'urner pipe, asshown-in the ra'w1ngs', may consist of a single, annulus offpipe suitably perforated to form a burner lforthe gas belowjthesegregated tnbe,-.-'= (asis supplied'to this burner fro1n;.the"gas genwhich is supplied-with' a valve 45 for vary-" ing the flow of gas through said conduit. The stem of valve 45 is connected to a piston 46 l ctlied withina cylinder 47 and subjected to the pressure within the steam generator through 'a pipe 48. A s ring 49, the tension of which is adjustable ynleans ofnn adjustment nut 59, tendsto yieldingly hold saidalve from its. seat in opposition to the steam pressure, In order -to mannally'closethe valve, a screw threaded rod 51 'PI'OVlCiBd with a hand-Wheel, is utilized.

With-in the burner housing 42, which do rives its air through openings 52,*a pilbt'- light '53'is situated, which consists of .a pipe communicating with the interior of thegas generating chambenmn'd tlic-..-ut er end of Y which is-in linewithfthe burner openings in theburner pipe y T he product'sof combustion from burner 43, whichpa'ss up through the -segregated rows of tubes, are carried away through a pipe 54 to a suitable'stack 55. This stack communicates with the-gas-0ut1et-pipe between the generating. portion of the apparatusand the purifying portion, and avalve 56 is provided whereby, during the startingperiod of the apparatus, the products. of ('OIIIlHISIlOII WlthlH the gas generating chamber can be carried oil' through the stack. A- ,valve 57, in pipe 15, is-provided whereby, during thestarting per1od, the purifying and scrubbing portion of-the apparatus-may,

he cutout of communication witht'he gener- .atin'g-'portion'. i

The fuel bed supporting grate 10,wliich is I located below a mantle ring 58,- carrying the araratus. 11

walls of the chamber, supporting the n1ant-le ring 'and therefore said walls'and,for1ning an ash-pit, is a steel casing 59,,and the lower end of this casing, which is suitably supported in any,

dcs'lrable manner, lies below the. level of Water contained ill a water-pan '60, The

water contained in the water-pan acts as a seal, as is now common practice, and the water-pan provides-easy means for the removal of the ash which collects therein Withoutinterfering with the; operation of the It will be understood that many and va-" rious changesmay be made in the construc- 'tiOIi of the apparatns','and in the various elements entering into its make-up, without departing from the spirit of this-invention, and having-described one form [and illustrated the same, W'hatI claim-as new and .useful and desire to ent of the United Statesis 1. -In a-gas generathig" apparatus i i gas produceu a steam generator arranged to de'- gas generating, chamber, is 1'0 tatably mounted, andbyvmeans (if-rotating this grate, the ash below the bed maybe discharged. Below the wallsofthe gasgenerating.

ure' by Letters: j

rive heat fromsaid producena fuel bed blast and means whereby the delivery of the separate componentsformingsaid blast is independently controlled by the gas pressure generated within-said producer.

Ina gasgenerating apparatus, a producer chamber, a blast t-wyer for the fuel bed of said producer chamber, means for dehvermg tm fluids to said'twyer andmeans, de-,

pendent on thegas pressure generated within saldproducer chamber, tor lndependently controlhng the dehveryofeach of sa d component fluids tosaid twyer,

3, In a gas generating apparatus, a gas gQl1Qli1t1l1g (l]ll1)l)91','2l steam generator arrangedto derive heat from the gases genelated in said chamber, a fuel bed blast for said generating chamber, comprising two component fluids, and means, dependent on the pressure generated within said generating chamber. for independently control- 1mg the components of said blast.

i. In a'gas generating apparatus, .a gas producer, a steam generator, a bloiver be tween said steanrgenerator and said producer, and an agent dependent upon the gas pressure for-independently controlling the ,steani supply andthe air supply to said blower. I v Y :5. In a gas generating apparatus, a gas producer, a steam- \generator, a blower between said stea' generator and said producer, and 'axragent provided with a mo\'-' 'able. elementsubjected to the gas pressure at'tlie'outlet of the apparatus and arranged toindepcndentlv controlthe steam and air supply. to said blower.

- connected to said boiler, an air passage com- I mumcatmg wlth said twyer, a valve 1n said,

passage andm'eans, dependent upon the pressure of the'gas generated, for cont-rolling .the amount of steam delivered to the blast I and for o eratin 'said valve to control-the amount 0 air dehve'red' to the blast,

In a gas generating apparatus, a gas producer, a boiler arrangedto derive heat from said prod ucer,'a fuel bed -blast twyer, .coinmunicating with said pr ducer, a steam passage communicating with s'a'idxhoiler'and connected wlth-sald twyer, .an air nlet come said producer.

,municating Withsaid-twyef, a valve injsaid {inlet and means, dependent uponthe pres: v ;{sure .of' the gas generatedffor controlling I the 'operationof 'sa id valve, and thereby" the amou'nt of air admitted to 9. In a gas generating apparatus, a gas producer, means fordelivermg separate fi'uids to saidiproduc'er to blast'the fuel bed I 'fleombination vith a gas'producer, a steam generator deriving heat from said. producer,-

contained therein, agents whereby the amount of' one fluid delivered is controlled by the pressurejat the outlet of said apparatus and means whereby. the amount of the other fluid delivered is controlled by the amount of the first fluid delivered;

'10. In a gas generating apparatus, a gas producer, a steam boiler arranged to derive heat therefronn a blast twyer for blasting the fuel bed of said producer, a steam passage communicating with said boiler and delivering, steam to said t'W-yer,"an air pas-'- sage-provided with an admission valve communicating/with' said tivyer, an agent, de-

pendent on the gas pressure-at the outlet of said apparatus,,forcont-rolling the delivery of steam-to said tvvye'r and means, dependent upon the amount of steam delivered, foroperating said valve to vary the amount of air delivered to said twyer in "accordance with the amountof steamdelivered to the blast!) -111.- In Combination in a gas producer pro-- videjdlivith a gas generating chamber,- a'bl'ast "tWyer communicating-with said chamber, ,a steam dehvery passageand an air inlet passage commun cating with said twyer, a valve in said air passage,-a1 1 again-dependent on the pressure of the gas generated, for controlling the-amountof steam entering the producer and ,-.means, dependent on the amount of steam delivered to the producer,

- for operating saidvalve and thereby mai taming a substantially constant ratio f gas and air delivered to the blast of the i producer, J

"12.111 a gas generating apparatus, the

a fuel bed blast twyer communicating with i-ng ivith said twyer, avalve Wit-hi'n. said pasatthe outlet'pf'said apparatus for Conn- L ling the delivery of steam to said-blast tvvyer and for operating said valve, and thereby controlling the delivery of air to said blast generator and means, dependent on the presthe operation ofsaid agent.

13.,In a-pressuregas generating appara fuel bed contained therein, self-contained livered is controlled by the gas pressure at the outlet-of saidapparatus, andmeans whereby the amount of the other fluid defirst'fluid delivered. V In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this24th day of F ebruary, 1995..

' JOHN sTRINeHa Witnesses: I

DAvin WILLIAMS, Jxo. S. GREEN,

means whereby the amount of one fluid desaid producer and receiving steam from said generator, an air inlet passagecommunicatsage, means, dependent onthe gas pressure .50. twyer, a supplemental heating agent for said sure within said generator for controlling.

a. 55 his, a gas producer, means for delivering separate fluids to said producer to blast the.

liveredis controlled by the volume of the'

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