US934966A

US934966A - Separator.

Info

Publication number: US934966A
Application number: US50557009A
Authority: US
Inventors: Stefan Von Grabski
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1909-07-02
Filing date: 1909-07-02
Publication date: 1909-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 1926-09-21

Description

S. VON GEABSKI.

SEPARATOR.

APPLIOATIOH FILED JULY 2, 1909.

Patented Sept. 21, 1909.

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To allfivhom it may concern.

the liquid constituents of rind pass through STEFAN VJN GRABSKI, G33 KEUSGHWITZ, GERMANY.

SEPAEATOR.

Application file-(l. July 2, 1909. Serial li o 505,570.

Be itl-znown that l, STEFAN JON GnABsiU, a subject of the German .lhnpi-rror, and residing at llrnst'hwilz, Province of losen, lhnpirc of Germany, huh-e invented certain new and useful lniprtn'cinenls in Separators, oi which the following is n spooliiczition.

My invention relates to separators, and particularly to separators lor separating liquid from solid materials.

.llor separating, liquid from solid mute rials npyarntus i s been known l'lcrctoikire, in which the material is conveyed between porous or reticulu 'etl wells, the material being generally fed by a screw conveyor. in the weltknown oer of this kind suction acts in the casing which surrounds the perforated cylinders and said casing is generally divided into several compartments, so that the material are sucked through the perforated wells and conveyed from the casing, whereas the solid constituents remain between the perforated walls antlers finally conducted sway sepa. rately. New whereas in this known constructional form tlie device the solicl material obtained, contains considerable quantitles of liquid constituents, an important object of my'invention is to provide a sepsretor from which tlry or almost (lry material is obtained, by the largestportion of fill the liquid constituents being separated; in contrnclistinction to known devices of this kind, 1 separate the liquid constituents from the so l under-the pressure of air which tlriven 3W; throng the perforated cusings from within or from without, so that the liquid, constituents are separated and can rietl sway mechanically by these jets of air the perforated wells to the outer casing which is preferably likewise subdivided. and are conducted hence, whereas the solid constituents leave the apparatus at the bottom end more or less dry, possibly after being treated several times, it ncccs snry with air at dili'erent degrees of pressure. The employment of this lowing air sup plietl uncle iressure in the separator provided in wt n'own manner with porous, perforat d or reticnietetl wells necessitate, however, it special motion of. the device. li hen solely suction separates the liquid constituents space or chamber between the perioistotl wells is of equal size from the inlet to the outlet When flowing; coinpressetl air is einoloyesl however, such. s.

' construction is not udn'iissible, because in all phases of working, eren near the place oi discharge, sullicient resistance must always be presented to the iii! in order tlmt; it niny not low uselessly and without. doing work through the nnisscs bet-ween the perforated walls. Now since in the lust phases ol' the period of working the material. is already liberated l'or the most. purl. From its liquid constitncnts, this resistance necessary or the ber'torinonce of work must be obtained in another nmnner, and, according to my in vention, by the chamber or space between the perforated Wells for the passage of the material being enlarged irom the inlet, toward the outlet, so that in proportion as liquid is removed from the material the cross section of the material is increased and a resistance npproxinnitely equal in all the phases is climbed to the passage of the air. This resistance may be clilierent, however, particularly when air of different degrees of pressure is employed.

in order that my invention may be clearly understood 1 will now exgloin the some with reference to the accompanying drawing in which one constructional form is represented in elemtion, partly in section, by way of exzimplc.

Referring to the drawing, girders 1 carry a cross-bar 2 connected by rods 3 with a cross-bar 4, so that a firm frame is made for supporting the entire separator. This coniprises o fixed cylinder or casing 5, carried. by the cross-bar Z, and the material, 6. g. secchurine material, is supplied through a pipe (3 for example to this cylincler. In this cylinder is arranged an axle 7 which is roteteel slowly by norms of gear-wheels 8, (in the axle o casing or inner cylinder 10 which participates in its rotation and at. the parts l1, 12 is perfo uteri. This inner rotary cylinder is prelim-ably divided by partition or partitions a 6 into separoite chambers e (Z and.

the perforations 11 open "from the chamber 0 and the perforations 12 open from the chain her d. The parts 13, 1.4; of the-outer cylintier 5 opposite these perforated" ports perforated and surrounded, by another stetionery casing or outermost cylinder 15, Between the perforated wells 11 anti l3 and 12 and i l is an annular spece or chamber,

through which the mass intmxlucett at the top end of the cylinder 5 is feel. For feedng this moss and particularly for regulating the etc at which the machine works coo LOO less screw-like conveyer-bodies are arranged on the axle 7. Such. a body 16 is attached to the upper part of the axle, another 17 is on the upper, 1ion-pe1.:lforated portion of the inner casing 10 and a third 18 is arranged on the non-perforated wall between the two perforated walls 11 and 152. Since these endless screw-like conveye'r bodies or conveyers; particularly 17 and 18, extend al most to the periphery of the cylinder thematerial is substantially ted only according as the axle 7 is rotated.

At its bottom end the axle is attached to a pipe 19 which participates in the rotation of the axle and constitutes a part thereof. This pipe is in open relation with a stationary pipe 20 integral with the cross-bar 4: and. is provided with holes er openings C01npressed air is admitted through the pipe 20 and can flow through holes 21 into the interior of the revoluble casing 10.

My improved separator operates as follows: The n'iaterial supplied through pipe 6 passes. into casing 5 and is fed downwardly by the blade 16 and-the

eonveyers

17, 18 at the velocity desired at any time and passes into the space or chamber between the perforated walls 11, 1-3, and 12,,1 l. Since the in terior Of the revoluble casing is filled with compressed air, for example, and this can normally only escape through the perforated walls 11., .13 and 12, 14-, and as this path is more or less blocked by the material located between these walls, the compressed air can only pass outwardly it it carries with it the liquid. constituents of the material, whereby these constituents arrive into the outermost casing surrounding, the perforated Walls 13, let, whereas the solid constituents, e. 9. sugar crystals, which cannot pass through the

perforated walls

11, 13, 12, 14, remain in the space between these walls and are pushed further downward under the influence of the conveyors, so that the compressed air flowing through the perforated walls constantly meets with new surfaces of the material and this .is entirelyliberated from any adhering liquid, c. 5 molasses.

'llreliquid collected in the casing 15 is drawn ott' through pipe 22. The solid constituents, c. 9. sugar crystals, on the contrary, descend betweei'i the perforated walls and finally pass, out at 23 at the bottom ol" casing 10. in order that the sugar crystals .or the solid constituents of the material can leave the apparatus only in proportion to the ratev o;t'- 'orking controlled by the conveyors the outlets 23 are partially covered. by an outwardly bent, adj ustably arranged, circular metal plate 24 in such. manner that this plate or cover acts as a support for the column of solid constituents over it and consequently prcvei'its their falling out directly.

in the constructhmal example represented in the drawing a twofold treatment of the material, 0. g. sugar crystals, is intended by the superposed arrangement of the perfo- "

ated walls

11, 12, and 13, 14-. When the material enters into the space or chamber between the upper perforated walls.ll., 13 it still has its full percentage of molasses, whereas between the lower perforated walls 12, 14:, the molasses is to a very great extent separated from the sugar crystals'so that these situated between the perforated walls 12, llhave a greater porosity. New in order that the con'ipressed air supplied through the common pipe 19 does not flow exclusively through the perforated walls 1?, 14, but to a like extent through the perfin'ated walls ll, 13, the space or chamber inclosed by the perforated walls of the

casings

5 and 10 is enlarged toward the place of discharge, so

that by enlarging the radial depth of the material the permeability for the compressed air is equalized. It may, however, be preferable to make within. the casing 10 two or more separated compartments, of which, each is provided with a perforated wall and has a special air supply pipe, when compressed air of dill'ercnt degrees of pressure can be employed. The compressed air passing through the perforated walls and into'the outermost casing 15 can escape from this through apertures Preferably these. apertures are provided with shields or a curb 26 so that any particles of liquid or molasses carried away are caught and possibly returned into the casing 15.

The small quantity of liquid which pussibly llows down the inside of the perforated walls 11 and 1.2 is collected in the lower part of casing; 10 and can here be run ofi' vthrough a closure 27 influenced by hand or automatically. For exactly adjusting, the outermost casing 15 and the

perforated walls

18,1 1, particularly with a view to pre venting the

conveyors

17, 18 rubbing or grinding too severely at the perforated walls, the casing 15 is provided. with brackets or arms 98 which surround the rod- 3 with a, sleeve 29. 'lhe

casings

15 and 5 run then be adjusted sutliciently by means of screws 30,

of which four are preferably arranged at each side, in order to remove the mentioned drawback. V

in the event oi a plurality ol. conuu'essed air supply pipes being necessary when several compartments are provided 111 the cats ing 10, these pipes will prelerably be arranged concentrically, or side by side how; ei'er, and be surrounded by a common pipe attached to the axle 7, the compressed air being enabled to pass through suitably arranged apertures to the various rompartmerits.

in the above description and in the draw-- ing it has been supposed that the compressed air admitted through the pipe compl tely fills the space in the casing 10 or each conb ceases partment in the same. The separator may, however, be made by providing annular tubes, the diameter of which is almost equal to the diameter of the appertaining perforated wall, and possessing at their outer peripheries simple holes or nozzles which,

owing to the connection with the compressed be employed, air being sucked away within or without by a suitable device. Likewise, it 1s by no means necessary that the compressed air be supplied only from below, as is supposed in the separator illustrated, but on the contrary this may take place from above or from a hove and below, without departing 1' mm the spirit and scope of my invention. Finally the air sucked away or the compressed air may be heated before it enters the machine,

in order more or less to dry the solid mate rial remaining between the perforated walls,

besides separating the liquid constituents, which may be of importance, for example, when depriving peat of water attaching to it.

The same device can also be used for dry ing lime-mud such as remains behind in somewhat large quantities in the carbonation process in sugar works. In this event also he mud would be conveyed between perfo rated walls and the compressed air entering from without or within would preferably be heated previously. If necessary, instead of air hot gases or furnaces and the like could be employed, the water contained in the mud being principally vaporized by the heat of the medium and the material being thus dried.

I claim:

1. A separator for separating liquid from sugar or other solid material comprising a hollow outer cylinder provided with an inlet for the material to be treated and with fine openings in its side wall for the passage of liquid, a hollow inner cylinder disposed in said outer cylinder and forming an annular chamber between them, said inner cylinder being provided with fine openings in its side wall opposite the openings in said outer cylinder; said cylii'iders being so shaped .lei for the material tobe treatgd and with fine openings in its side wall for the passage of liquid, a hollow inner cylinder disposed in said. outer cylinder and forming an an nular chamber between them, said inner cylinder being provided with line openings in its side wall opposite the openings in said outer cylinder, said cylinders being so shaped relatively that said annular chamber is gradually enlarged toward its delivery end, means for forcing the material through said annular chamber, means for rotating one of said cylinders, a pipe for supplying air under pressure to said inner cylinder and an outermost cylinder surrounding said cylinders for receiving the liquid lown through the walls of the outer cylinder.

3. A separator for separating liquid from sugar or other solid material comprising a hollow outer cylinder provided with an inlet for the material to be treated and with fine openings in its side wall for the passage of liquid, a hollow inner cylinder disposed in said'outer cylinder and forming an annular chamber between them, said inner cylinder 'being divided into compartments and provided with line openings in its side wall opposite the openings in said outer cylinder; said cylinders being so shaped trelatively that saidannular. chamber is gradually enlarged toward its .delivery end, means for forcing the material through said annular chamber, means for rotating one of said cylinders and a pipe for supplying air under pressure to the compartments of said inner cylinder.

4:. The combination of a frame, a rotary shaft supported in said frame and comprising in part a pipe provided with lateral. openings, a pipe connected with said hbllow shaft for supplyin air ,under pressure, a hollow rotary cylinder attached to said shaft and provided with fine openings in its side wall, a perforated stationarycylinder surrounding said rotary cylinder and forming an annular chamber between them, means for supplying material to 'said stationary cylinder, a spiral conveyor on the exterior of said rotary cylinder for forcing said material. through said annular chamber, means for collecting the liquid driven through the wall of the outer cylinder, and means for rotating said rotary cylinder.

5. A separator for separating liquid from sugar or other solid material comprising a hollow outer cylinder provided with an inlet for the material to be treated and withline openings inits side wall for the passage of liquid, a hollow inner cylinder disposed in said outer cylinder and forming an annular chamber between them, said inner cylinder being provided with fine openings in its side wall opposite the openings in said outer cylinder; a plate disposed below the openingojt said annular chamber and as a support for the column of material in llO uoted to serve said chamber, means for 'l'ei-cing the material through said annular eln'inlbel' means for 10- hating one of said cylinders and a. pipe for sumiiwyingjg air under presianfe Le said inner C 'll.11(l( ,1.

(3. A. separaloi' :fei' separaling liquid fmm sugar or olln'a' SOllfl n'mlei'ial (:einpi'ising a, hollow enter cylinder provided Willi an inletfor the malarial in be limited and \Vlll'l line openings in ifs aide wall :lm llie pas age of liquid, a hollow inner cylinder (llSPOrzLd in said eaten cylinder and forming an annular chamber between (lien), said inner cylinder being provided 'Wllll two SLlS of fine openings disposed at dill'ei'ent lieigliis in ils side wall. opposite the openings in. said outer cylinder; ineanq li'er snmglying material to aaid OlllOl. cylinder, separale spiral vonyey disposed a l; dill'ci'cnli heights 0n l'llQ extenuaif said inner cylinder between said sets of. openings for forcing said material llnr'aigli said annular chandler, means for roaminq one oil' said. cylinders, and a pipe for supplying air under mzssnre in said inner cylinder.

T. The llllblllzlllUll of a. frame, rotary perforalml lmllow shaft, a. pipe conneeied Willi said hollow shaft for supplying an? nnder pwssm'e, a hollow rotary cylinder at inched to said snail znalpi'ovided with fine openings in llIS side wall, a perforated Sllilr lionary cylindm: surrounding said rotary vlinlil01: and fanning an annular chamber lielwemi lliein, means for su 'lplying material. in said alalinnary cylinder, a blade on said slml'lwithin said slalionary cylinder above said Ii' lili cylinder, a illu exterior 0! said. rotary (:ylindei a] means l'm whaling one of s: id cylinders.

lln ieslimony, that l. claim the foregoing as my invention, l l; signed my name in pi'exenm of awe Ill inn witnesses.

x l ll i 'k El VON GHABSKL Wil nesws:

lhm in? 1 LA SIER, lVomazna a llama.

spiral conveyer oil-f