US932773A - Electric-arc lamp. - Google Patents

Description

J. B. FQURNIER.- ELECTRIC ARC LAMP. APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 21 1903. RENEWED JUNE 7, 1909,

- ED} STATES Josnrn Banish mum' 0F maniacs. v

' EL cTnIo-Anc saris.

Application filed November-21, 190s, SeriaINo. 182,170. Benewed'JunL1909. senaiu qpccyzsf To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J osnrH BARBE FOUR- NlER, citizen of the lirench Republic, residiug at ($2 Quai des ()rfevres, Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-Arc Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates toelectric arc lamps and particularly to regulators therefor, and the primary object of the. same is to bring the mechanism of regulators into operation by the electro-magnetic or electro-dynamic action of the current.

The regulator forming the subject of this invention is controlled by the heat evolved fromthe current and is based as to its operation on the principle of the manomet-ric tube which loses its form under the variable action of the pressure which is exerted on its walls' i The drawing shows an elevation of. an arc lamp embodying the features of the invention. l. r

If a certain quantity ofa voltatile liquid be confined within acurv'ed elastic tube and if one of the ends of thistube be fixed, the other end will remain motionless so long as the elastic force of the vapor in the interior of the tube remains constant. Toeach value of this elastic force there corresponds a deterinine'd position of the free extremity, As,

on the other hand, this elastic force depends on the ten'iperature, it will be readily understood that if the temperature of the tube be caused to vary, its free end will be displaced by an amount proportional to the difference of tei npcratures and to the length of the tube; when heated, the free extremity moves away from the fixed point and when cool the extremity draws ,nearto the fixed point. Another arrangementwhich has the advantage of not, appreciably hcatiimthe automotor tube and which therefore obviates all fear of fusing the solderings on this tube is the following: The automotor tube a coumnuiicates with a spiral tube not suitable diameter, and is completely filled with a suitably selected liquid, the volumeof which is such. that'it entirely fills the automctor tube plus a portion of the capacity of the spiral tube c. A spirally wound resistance wire bwhich may be of ferro-nickel or other metal of suitable resistance, furnishes the heat necessary for the movements of the automotor tube. :sZIhis resistance is interposed 'in the spiral e so (El n I Specification of Le'tthrs that its coils or 'spires alternate causing the carbons to approach,

- Batented Align at, 1] a y spires of said spiral c.

electrically insulated from the spi railf any suit-able means. I

it will at once be understobd fthat system is constituted-in such algwa'" 't body of the manometric tubeais lled liquid, and the spiraltubec is onl par filled with the "same liquid, therap the liquid which ,is formedin the small tub c pressing upon the slender" liquid "column which it contains, and in eonse uenceofth,

slight calorific conductibility o -thej'greater part of the liquids, theautomotor f ube not become appreciably: heated. 'fthe' same when the body of the manometriefltub is filled with mercury or with anyfiifiher'mfinterial not miscible with-the yolatiletliqujd contained in the spiral ,jtube A coil a. is connected in series with magnet T and the arc, and inthe interior of this coil is a bar is of soft ironf'said. bar being free to osc llate in-the direction of itsaxisunder the influence of thevariations of the tensity of the current. This bar .isfc nected to a mercury cup-kmand when intensity of the current diminishes the lower? extremity of saidbrr comes into contact with an alined extremity oftheregulatiii'g screw 11 connected" electrically to "the con ductor as at Z. 'When this contact is est'ab lished the current flows through thehconl ductor 0, m, Z0, 'Z,' and a small portion 0 of the current continues to h" verse'tlieiiesistance I), a resistance R be? g in the line Z. .The'lube a then cl the intensity of the current in hair jcis raised and contact betwee eiitromity' thereof and tllflSClFIW and the whole current then 'p'a spirahcoil or resistanice cf Th'e separ at otth'e carbons and'their movements "c regulated at will by 'operating'the The severalparts are electrically conrie as shown and willpositi elyopera c to t i which turns the ratchet wheel h.

. nt r ed.

'This ratchet wheel h is prevented from;

- positively engage and actuate the said ratchet pawlscooperating' therewith that the awl y will freely ri e over the teeth o the priate length. The following liquidsmay be carbonic acid, etc.

()n the axis of the ratchet wheel k, which is bobbin -which controls the motion of the the carbons to advance, is such that these employed indiseriminately withcontimimis ratchet wheel h, and to' expose the spiral c turnin backwardly or, having back lash by a suita le stop'pawl g so as to avoid movement of the carria e 3 and itscarbon after. adjustment and w ich might "ensue from gravitation due to the wei ht' of-the said carriage andcarbon. It .wi be understood-v m'the operation of the ratchet'wheel and ratchet Wheel in'moving in one direction and wheel when'movmg in the opposite direction. To apply this automotor apparatus as a regulator .for are lamps, -it is suflicientto control the carbons by the rotation of the to'ac'tion of-heat.

- The force produced by the displacements of the tube a and the amplitude of these displacements may be regulated by suitably choosing the'liquid tobe' introduced into the tube, and by giving to this latter an approemployed: glycerin, water, alcohol," ether, chlorid of ethyl, chlorid of methyl, ammonia,

Theautomotor tube'a and its resistance tube 0 are fixed to the-cover of. the casing iv.

actualed by the tube a, are mounted two pulleys 2 over which pass the cords 1 and 2 supporting the carbon holders. These latter are insulated from the adjacent parts by rings of steatite or other insulating, substance, and are connected tOitwtl carriages 3 and -l provided with friction wheels, rolling between two vertical uprights 5 and 6. The

latter always return to contact,' whenlnthe tube has cooled. This type of lamp inay ne currents or with alternating currents; it is sul'iirient to suitably choose the diameters for the pulleys over which the carbon holder cords 1 and 2 pass. 1 J

The complete cycle -of opcsation' otthe lamp is as follows: Let it be assumed that the lamp is burnii'ig, and under suclfbont I tions when the intensity ol' theburrent d1- 1 nesses.

in shes the oscillating bar. 7: in the coil ii" .comes into, contact with the regulating screw '5 7}, a My? hereinbefore'-- noted; When this contlwtgisv established the current flows through rthe' eonductortowhich the screw it iselectrically connected and only a small portion of the current continues totraverse. the resistance b, and the tube a-then' closes or contracts, thus actuating the ratchet wheel -h and-pulleyse to cause'the carbons to approach through the movement of the cords 1 and 2- engaging the pulleys, When i the" intensity of the current increases, the oscillatirfg bar on in the ,coil 5 israised, and contact with the screw w is broken, and the -whole current then passes into the resistance 1), and under the latter conditions the free end of the. automotor tube a open and the carbons arev separated. a

Having thus described the invention, what is'claimed as new is: i

l. A regulator for are lamps including an automotor'tube, a spiral tube connected to the automotor tube, a resistance conductor int rposed between the spirals of the latter tube and insulated therefrom, the said auto motor tube being filled with a volatile liquid, a ratchet wheel cooperating with the aluto motor tube, an arm pivotally l a'ssociatetl with said ratchet wheel and carrying a'p'awl forengaging the ratchet wheel, a plurality of lovers having connection with the plvotal arm and the free end of said automotor tube v for regu'latii-ig the lamp, pulley devices ac- :tuated by. the ratchet mechanism, and movable carbon controlling means having flexi- Me connections engaging the pulley devices.

2. A regulator for are lamps including an autoimitor tube, a spiral tube having connection Wllll said automotor tube, a resistancc conductor interposed between the spirals of 'the latter tube and insulated therefrom, av rotatable device carried by one. end of the automotor tube and movable in awordance with the expansion and contraction of said automotor lube, pulley devices operated by said rotatable device, 'inovable 7 carbon carriers having flexible, means engaging the said pulley devices, and means i operated by an electro-magnet lor modify- 'ing the tension onthe said flexible means to move one'of the carbon carriersfand sepa rate the carbons.

"in. testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- Josnri-r inuuan m nim nu.

l IRtnurr, Amuuco Finn.

Images