US932515A - Respiratory apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

J. TISSOT.

RESPIRATORY APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APE.18.1908.

' 932,515, Patented Aug. 31, 1909.

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J. TISSOT.

RESPIRATORY APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED APB.18,1908.

Patented Aug. 31, 1909.

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ANDREW. B. GRAHAM 00.. PIIQY6-LIYNOGRAPHERS. wAsmNawN. B. c.

J1 TISSQT. RESPIRATORY APPARATUS. APPLYIOATION FILED APR. 18. 1908 Patented Aug. 31, 1909.

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ANDREW. a. GRAHAM 60.,PHOTO LlTNDERAPHER8. WASHINGTON n. O

J. TISSOT. RESPIRATORY APPARATUS.

APPLIOATIOK FILED APR. 18. 1008.

Patented Aug. 31, 1909.

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APPLIOATION FILED APR.18.1908.

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JULES TISSOT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

RESPIRATORY APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. April 18, 1908.

Patented Aug. 31, 1909.

Serial No. 427,946.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JuLns TIssoT,a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at 5 Rue de Buffon, Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Respiratory Apparatus; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a respiratory apparatus for enabling a person to remain for a long time in irrespirable atmospheres and comprises six different parts. 1st. A gas storage bag made of an air-tight fabric in which the gases serving for respiration are stored. 2ndl A regenerator or purifier for freeing the a1r which has been exhaled from the carbonic acid contained therein. 3rdly. A face piece furnished with valves which fits to the nostrils and separates the currents, of inhaled and exhaled air, conveying them into the different passages. 4thly. Two flexible tubes which connect the valved nose piece on the one hand with the regenerator and on the other hand with the air tight storage bag. 5thly. An escape or safety valve operated by special mechanism. 6thly. A receptacle containing compressed oxygen furnished with a reducing valve enabling the flow of oxygen to be regulated as desired.

In the accompanying diagrammatic drawings, furnished by way of example Figure 1 is a plan of the regenerator, Fig. 2 a vertical longitudinal section (partially diagrammatic) of the complete storage bag provided with the regenerator, Fig. 3 an end View of the complete storage bag, Fig. 4: is a top view of the regenerator, Fig. 5 a side view of the complete storage bag, Fig. 6 the plan of an escape valve, Fig. 6 a transverse vertical section thereof, Fig. .7 a longitudinal section of the nose-piece, Fig. 8 a plan thereof, Fig. 9 a side View. Fig. 10 is an elevation in diagram, showing the parts of the invention.

1st. Gas storage bag.The bag A is made of an air tight fabric. On the sides in the upper part thereof are two tubes Z Z of the same material which are fitted to two metal pipes V. T. This bag is absolutely air tight but nevertheless, in consequence of the physical phenomenon. termed osmose, allows the deleterious gases to pass very slowly through its sides. This passage of the gases is of little importance when makin a stay of three or four hours in the de eterious gases. But if it be desired to remain in them a longer time, it is advisable to employ a bag with double sides, that is to say composed of'two'thicknesses of material which are movable one over the other and with a very limited space between them containing atmospheric air, in fact two concentric bags arranged one against the other. With such a bag the diffusion of the deleterious gases through the sides is rendered insignificant. The gas storage bag is inclosed in a box B carried by the person on the back by means of two straps for example. This box protects the storage bag on all sides but is nevertheless open, being without a bottom, in order that the person may ascertain with his hand the degree of fullness of the bag. On the sides of the box two openings F (Fig. 2) are made for the introduction of the tubes T and V (Fig. 3). The regenerator is arranged for example at the top of the box.

Qndly. Regenerat0r.This is fixed on the box B and is employed for freeing the exhaled air from the carbonic acid contained therein. It is made of suitable form and material and divided into several compartments, for example four as in Fig. 2, by

,means of three horizontal partitions D, E,

F (Fig. 2). In each of the compartments 2, 3 and 4 a certain quantity of a substance that absorbs carbonic acid is placed, for example a solution of potash. The compartment No. 1 communicates with the compartment No. 2 through the orifice J. A plate K which forms an inclined plane and is fixed to the partition D is employed for guiding the air in the direction of the arrow. The compartment No. 2 communicates with the compartment No. 3 through the orifice M and' the tube L fixed on the partition E. The tube L as well as the tube 0 is of a height suflicient to prevent the absorbent substance from being projected from one compartment into the other. The flange U on the upper part of these two tubes is in- .tended for the same purpose. The plate N,

like the plate K and the plates Q and R is intended for causing the air to flow in the direction of the arrows. The compartment 3 communicates with the compartment 4 through the tube 0 and the orifice P, constructed like the tube L. The exhaled gases, conveyed into the regenerator through the tube H (Fig. 2) and having passed through all the compartments 1, 2, 3 so as to enter No. 4, pass out through the tube T,"T", T

connected with the bent tube T and enter the gas storage bag. The compartment No. 4 is slightly higher than the others, to'meet the case of the accidental entrance of a certain quantity of absorbent material coming from the other compartments, and which would raise the level of the absorbent maor on-his back without the potash being able to pass from one compartment into the other.

The drawing indicates these positions and shows how the regenerator may be turned about on all sides without the potash passing from one compartment into the other. The tube H may be in the form of a crescent so as to prevent the liquid potash from flowing into the inhalation tube.

'The compartment No. 1 may be divided into two compartments by an impermeable partition, one of the twocompartments No.

1 serving for the inhalation for the exhalation Aspecial arrangement is provided whereby when the person bends while walking or and the other Working, the potash is prevented from colleetmg in one corner or on one side only of the compartments, that is to say the diminution of the absorption surface is prevented. This arrangement consists in partitioning the bottom of each of the potash compartments by means of longitudinal andtransverse partitions forming compartments which retain a portion of the potash when the person bends. All these transverse partitions 50 and the one longitudinal partition 51 (shown by a dotted line in Fig. 2) are illustrated in the compartment No. 4:. They are further intended to reduce the shaking of the liquid when the person is moving.

The tubes m m, m serve for introducing the potash and for clearing and washing the regenerator.

The tube T carries a small lateral tube 71 intended for keeping up in the storage bag a supply of the oxygen held in reserve in a bottle.

All the joints between the parts forming 'the're'generator may be absolutely impermeable. 7

Valued face piece that fits to the n0strtt$.This apparatus is composed of two cylindrical boxes 20 and 22- (Figs. 7 and fixed on the tube 5. To one end of this "on a larger scale in Figs. 6 and 6 placed on the regenerator, 1n the example tube which is made sloping a hinged exhalation valve 21 is fitted.

which tubular pieces 9 made of suitable material are fitted by means which allow them a certain degree of mobility, the india rubber tube 8 for example. The two tubes (5 and 10 are capped by the two bent tubes 11 and 12 (Fig. 8) 011 which are bound two flexible tubes. These two flexible tubes can be. removed as desired, they can also be fixed inseparably from the apparatus according to requirements.

The cylindrical box 20 carrying the exhalation valve is furnished in the lower part with the small reservoir 13 and the cook 14 acting as a purging cock and intended for expelling the water of condensation arising from respiration.

The apparatus is fixed on the chin strap 15 by means of two pieces 16, 16 (Figs. 7, 8 and The apparatus is fitted on to the head of the nersonby bands 17, 18 which are fixed to a leather cap .or to a helmet or to any suitable part. The bands 19 complete the. fixing and are attached above the fore. head to the cap or helmet.

Q The apparatus serves for separating the inhaled and exhaled currents of air. inhaled air is conveyed from the gas storage bag through a flexible tube fixed to the tube 'V (F igr 2). The exhaled, air expelled through the valve 21 (Fig. 7) is conveyed to The the regenerator through a flexible tube fixed on the one hand to the tube 11 (Fig. 8) and on the other hand on the tube H (Fig. 2). .tthly. Uomvmmz'cation tubes connecting the nose piece with the regenerator. There are two flexible tubes. connects the. bent tube V (Fig. 2) with the bent tube 12 (Fig. 8) and conveys the air from the storage bag to the nostrils. The other connects the bent tube H (Figs. 1 and 2) with the bent tube 11 (Fig. 8) and conveys the exhaledair from the nose piece to the regenerator. These two tubes are sufiiciently long and suitably arranged for allowing the head to move sidewisc.

5thly. Escape or safety naZne.-This automatic valve is intended for the escape of a portion of the gas contained in the whole apparatus, when the pressure of the gas therein reaches a height which becomes troublesome to the person. This valve X which can be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, is shown cited, but may be placed at otherpoints of the apparatus. It is however preferable that it should be placed on the regenerator because it is better to lose gas which has al- It is One of them ready altered than regenerated gas. This valve is formed by a slide arrangement. .The plate Q which is very smooth (Figs. 6 and 6') has raised edges which form a guide and seat for the valve plate X which is likewise smooth and the movement of which'is intended to open or to close the opening in the tube Y which communicates with the regenerator at Y. To the valve X a rod cl is fixed on which the spring 0 is wound which is intended for returning the valve X automatically into the closing position when the apparatus which effects the opening does not act. The plate 9 is notched at g to allow of the passage of the rod d and carries moreover a transverse plate I) drilled with a hole in which the rod 0Z slides. The rod d is flexibly connected with the rod f by means of a suitably rigid wire or rod 0. This valve is operated automatically in the following manner :When the storage bag is distended and the pressure of the gas amounts to a value of 3 to 7 centimeters of water, its back part A (Fig. 5) bears against the light slab A (Figs. 3 and 5) and pushes it back as well as the rigid rod f fixed to the slab. This rigid rod, which is pivotally connected by its lower part with the rod 60 (which is likewise rigid), when moving actuates the rod d (Fig. 5) and the valveX (Fig. 6) and effects the opening of the orifice in the tube Y through which a portion of the gas flows away until the pressure has again become insufficient for distending the bag.

Before the apparatus is used two or three drops of oil must be put between the valve X and seat 9 (Fig. 6). Under these conditions the valve is absolutely impermeable and may for a time even contain a vacuum.

tizly. Bottle of compressed oxygen and reducing vaZve.The-person carries a bottle 100 of compressed oxygen, of suitable ca pacity and furnished with a reducing valve 101 enabling a supply ofoxygen of O to 8 liters per minute being delivered. This bottie is connected to the tube T by the tube 2'.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A respiratory apparatus comprising a casing, an air or gas bag mounted therein, a respirator, valves therein to separate exhaled from inhaled air, a regenerator carried by the casing intermediate the respirator and the casing for absorbing the carbonic acid in the exhaled air, a valve therein, and means controlled by the bag for operating said valve.

2. A respiratory apparatus comprising a casing, an air or gas bag therein, a respirator, a regenerator, a valve in said regenerator, and means operated by the bag for controlling the valve.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

JULES TISSOT.

Witnesses:

CHARLES GRAvmR, CHARLES FABER.

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