US930048A - Governing means for elastic-fluid turbines. - Google Patents

Description

C. W. DAKE. GOVERNING MEANS I'OHELASTIC FLUID TURBINES,

APPLICATION TILED D110. 16. 1907,

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0 w, "mm. GOVERNING MEANS FOR ELASTIC FLUID TURBINES APPLICATION TILPD DEC. 15, 1907.

Patensed Aug. 3, 1909.

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APPLIQATION FILED DEG.16,1U7.

Patented Aug. 3,1909.-

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Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

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lTED STATES PATENT caries.

CHARLES W. DAKE, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE FAKE-AlirERI- CAN STEAM TURBINE COMPANY, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN. I

GDYEBNING MEANS FOR ELASTIC-FLUID TUBBINES.

1 Specification er Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 3, 1909.

Application filed. December 16, 1907. Serial No. 406,723.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that l, CnARLEsVV. DAKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent, State of Michigan, have invented certain new and usetulrlmproveinents in Governing Means for Elastic-Fluid Turbines, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to improvements in governingmeans for elastic fluid turbines, although. the governor is well adapted for I steam engines generally.

- The objects of this invention are: first, to provide a 'overnor which is simple, effective and rehab e n operation; second, to provide --an in; roved construction of governing means orthe supply to the nozzles of elastic fluid turbine engines which will effectively cut off the nozzle and turn it on full capacity, thus avoiding the waste due to the inefficiency of operating such a nozzle with th1rd,'to'provide an effective means of controlling the admissionof the motive to a turbinein jets or blasts of such duration as are required to give a constant predetermined speed to the turbine under varying conditions of load; and fourth, to provide an improved mechanism whereby a driving means is efiectively controlled and regulated to cut off or turn on the full supply of steam or elastic fluid to a nozzle or series of nozzles. Further objects, and objects pertaining to more details, will be readily understood from the detailed description to follow.

Iaccomplish the objects of ni'y'invention by the devices and means described in the The invention is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification in which:

Figure l is an end elevation of an elastic fluid turbine, a portion of the same being broken away; Fig. 2 is a detail longitudinal sectional elevation view through the governing mechanism, portions of the case, and

turbine'rotor, taken on a line corresponding to line Zt.-X of Flgs. l and 4, showing the shaft and governor weights in full lines and the adjacent parts in section; Fig. 3 is a detail partial longitudinal sectional view taken on a line corresponding to line y-y of Figs. 1 and 4, showing details of the clutch mechanism; Fig. 4 is a detail partial sectional plan view taken on a line corresponding to line ZZ of Figs. 1, 2 and 3, showing detailed the ovcrnor mechanism, clutch and governor va ve, and the connections between the same; Fig. 5 is a detail partial sectional view taken on a line corresponding to the irregular line $S of Figs. 1 and i, showing details of the governor valve; Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view, being a part of the clutch mechanism of Fig. 3, showin the details of construction of one of the dogs and adjacent parts; Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on a line corresponding to line BB of Fig.

3, showing further details of the clutch mechanism; Fig. 8 is a side elevation vlew of the clutch mechanism, which is seetioned in Fig. 7, the elevation being taken from the right-hand of the parts as they appear in Fig. 3; Fig. 9 is a perspective side view of the rotating plate 22 of the clutch mechanism with its actuating dog or tooth 23; Fig. 10 is a side perspective view of the disengaging cam plate 28 of the clutch mechanism; Fig. 11 is a detail transverse sectional view of the governor valve appearing in Figs. 4 and 5, in the open position; Fig. 12 is asimilar detail transverse sectional view of the said governor valve, showing it in its closed position; Fig. 13 is a detail clevation view of one of the trip dogs 21 which actuates the'clutch for closing the governor valve; and Fig. 14 is a detail elevation view of one of the trip dogs 30 which actuates the clutch in opening the governor valve.

In the drawing, the sectional views are taken looking in the directio of the little arrows at the ends of the sect on lines, and

similar numerals of reference refer lto simisleeve or bushing 6. A suitable casing 7 extends from the rotor case 1 to embrace this bearing, said casing being of such dimensions as to properly contain the various parts of the cated the revoluble governor weights 11, which are adjusted to the particular speed governor valve, which is thrown into gear the pipe 26 to the places 'where such lubriing means and for the lubrication of the; I

shaft. An oil shelf 8 and an oil rin 9 are provided for the purpose of lubricating the shaft 4.

A casing 10 is secured to the casing 7, extending in axial line with the shaft 4, and its bearings, and within this casing are 10- desired. The stem 12 connected to the governor weights 11 is connected to an arm 13 by suitable pivot and actuates a rock shaft 14, on which is a rock shaft arm 15. The rock shaft 14 is supported by a bracket or hanger 16 on the casing 10. The lever 15 is bifurcated and embraces the clutch device and is the means of actuating the same, being provided with actuating blocks 17 and 18 for that purpose, which actuating blocks are made of hardened steel to withstand the wear. It will be seen that the action of the governor weights 11 will control effectively this lever mechanism and swing'the lever 15 up or down as the speed varies from the predetermined point at which the governor Weights are set.

A driving means independent of the governorweights is provided for actuating the by the action of the governor weights. This consists of a worm 19 on the rotor shaft 4, which acts on the worm gear 20, which is carried on a shaft 21. The worm gear 20 dips'into the oil in the oil chamber and is constantly lubricated thereby. On the lefthand end of this shaft, as appears in Fig. 4, is a disk 22 provided with, a dog or tooth 23, which constantly revolves with the said shaft whenever the turbine is in motion. On the opposite end of the shaft 21 is a rotary pump 24, acting in the pump casing 25 to circulate oil and deliver it out through cant may be needed. A plate 27 closes the opposite side of this motor case and affords a support for the fixed cam-plate 28, which has oppositely-arranged cams 28 thereon.

A flange or disk 29, which carries the dogs 30'and 81, of the clutch mechanism, is supported on a shaft 33, which is arranged axially and end to end with the shaft 21. This clutch'mechanism is for the purpose of intermittently coupling the shaft 21 to the shaft 33 for the purpose of actuating the governor valve. The dogs 30 and 31 are arranged in lateral apertures in the flange support for the said dogs, and 'there is provided for each of the said dogs a frictional block or pin 34, which is urged into engagement with the said blocks by the spring 35, the said spring being adjustable by a screw 36 which forms an abutment therefor.

Little depressions 34 are formed in the sides of each of the dogs for engagement by the respective friction'blocks or pins 34. A hollow balanced rotary governor valve 37 is provided on the shaft 33 and is secured thereto by a pin 33, the end of the shaft 33 being squared to insert into the valve so that it Will engage the same and cause it to rotate. This valve is provided with opposite ports 37 and is located in a valve casing'38, where it is revolved by the mechanism heretofore described. A supply pipe 39 delivers steam or elastic 'fluid to the end of the casing, and the steam or elastic fluid is delivered through the ports 37 of the valve through ports 38 of the valve casing to the passage 40, leading to the turbine nozzles. By referring to Figs, 11 and 12, it will be seen that as the valve is advanced onequarter of a revolution at a step, it opens and closes successively, so that when the valve stands open if it is turned one-quarter way, it will be entirely shut oil", and when entirely shut oil, if turned another onequarter, it will be thrown wide open. The actuating blocks 17, and 18 for actuating the clutch dogs are notched longitudinally, the block 17 being notched at 17 on the right-hand side, as appears in Fig. 7, and the block 18 being notched on the left-hand side at 18', as appears in the same-figure, and as is also clearly illustrated in Figs. 8, 13and 14. These blocks act upon the dogs 30 and 31 to force them inwardly, the inner ends of the dogs being formed into catches 30 and 31 respectively, to be engaged by the dog or tooth 23 on the disk 22, the said catches being beveled at the back so that the? dogs 30 are notched onthe left-hand side's/t 30 as'clearly appears in Figs. 7, 8,13 and 14. The bifurcations of the forked lever 15 are separated a distance somewhat in excess of the outside diameter of the clutch ring 29 (Figs. 3 and 6) orflange 29, f and are positioned and guided to act upon these dogs successively. v

When the motive fluid is admitted to the turbine the wheel or rotor be "ns to revolve until it reaches the speed or which the weights of the governor are set; Then the centrifugal force developed by such weights carries the lever 13 back by means of the connection 12, which rocks the shaft Y14 and causes the forked end of the lever 15 to rise. This causes the block 18 to contact with the dog 30, forcing it inwardly toward the center of the clutch mechanism, so that the catch 30 on the inner end thereof projects into the path traversed by the rotating dog 23 in the disk 22. This dog 23 carries the clined loam 28 neon-as dog 30 fonward with it up the stationary inof the cam disk 28, which causes these :parts to disengage because of the action of the said cam. This carries the .plate29 a one-fourth revolution, turns the shaft 33 one-quarter Way and, by so doing, closes the cut-off vaiv'e37. The dogs 30 i having traveledtheir full quarterdistance 'gagedlby the dog '23,

the incline of the cam 28 25 .enters the'turbine at full head.

- from which it may be drained for no material length of time zles be operatmg with the governor partially and been released by the cam 28,

the dogs 31 will be bronghtinto position.

The opposite halves of these dogs 31 project, they being notched at=31 as heretofore described, and they are in position to be acted upon by the wear trip or actuating block 17 of the bifurcated lever. 1 W hen the speed of the turbine rotor decreases, the governor weights will reverse the motion of the lever 13, pulling it forward, which will cause the lever 15 to move downwardly, which causes the block 17 t0 engage the dog 31 and forces its catch 31 into the path of the rotating dog 23. When the catch 31 it will be carried up one-quarter turn,

'untilit is released. This will tu the shaft 33 one-quarter way over, which .will rotate the governor valve '37 one-quarter way and open it again, so that the motivefluid again In this connection, I desire to remark that I have provided a deflecting collar 41 on the rotor shaft 4, (-otiperating with the flange 42 of the oasmg to collect any water that may pass along the shaft 4 and deliver it into a chamber 43 through an aperture 44. This revents the water passing over into the 0i chamber. I provide a drainage aperture 45 for the oil chamber.

Fromthis it will be seen that the operation of my improved governing means for turbines is very effective and that it entirely opens or closes the governor valve, so that will the nozclosed or restricted, and as the nozzles only operate with the greatest economy when under full. pressure for which they are des gned, the advantage of my improved governor is very clear.

The governor valve and the clutch mechanism might be designed to move a shorter distance than a one-fourth turn, or for. any portion of a revolution, and :be very effective for the purpose, but I believe that as designed they are simplest and best.

My improved clutch mechanism might also very well be connected to operate any kind of a governor valve, although clearly it is especially adapted to the rotary bal-r anced valve which I have illustrated.

secure by Letturbines, the combination of the casing l;

of this dog 31 is en.

ported in suitable bearings;

clutch mechanism into a turbine wheel 3; a turbine shaft 4 supported in suitable bearings; a speed responsivedevice, connected to be driven by the said turbine; a rockshaft 14; a worm on the said-turbine shaft; a worm gear 20 meshing with the worm l9 on'said turbine shaft; a suitable shaft 21 for supporting the said worm gear; a cylindrical rotary balanced governor valve 37, having a central stem 33; suitable passages leading therefrom to the turbine nozzles; a-clutch mechanism interposed between the shaft 21 of the said Worm gear and the central stem 33 to the said rotary valve 37 double sets of dogs 30 and 31. located in difierent positions in said clutch mechanism, arranged to throw the said clutch into gear, one set of dogs being arranged to move the governor valve to the closed position and the other set being arranged to move it to the open position; a bifurcated arm 15 on the said rock shaft 14, embracing the said clutch mechanism, arranged to act on one set of dogs when moved in one direction and on the other set of dogs when moved in the opposite direction, whereby the governor weights control. said arm and move it up and down; and stationary cams for acting upon said dogs to withdraw the same at a predetermined point after the have been acted upon by the governor weig ts connected to release the said clutch, whereby the governor valve is opened and closed alternately in governing the engine, for the purpose specified.

2. In aigovernin means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination of the casing l; a turbine wheel .3; a turbine shaft 4 sup:

a speed responsive device connected to be driven by the said turbine; a worm on said turbine shaft; a worm gear supported on a suitable shaft and revoluble in one direction only, meshing with the worm on said turbine shaft; a-cylindrical rotary balanced governor valve 37 having a central stem 33; suitable passages leading therefrom to the turbine nozzles; a clutch mechanism on the shaft of said worm gear interposedbetween the said worm gear and the said rotary valve 37 to drive it in one direction only; and connections: to the governor weights for throwing the said gear for governing the governor valve, for the purpose specified. 3. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination of the casing l; a turbine wheel 3; a turbine shaft & supported in suitable bearings; a speed responsive device connected to be driven by the said turbine; a worm on the said turbine shaft; a worm gear on the said turbine shaft; a governor valve for controlling the passages leading to the turbine nozzles, arranged to be acted upon by the said worm gear a clutch mechanism interposed between 'thworm gnar and, l

meshing with the worm the said rotary valve 37; double sets of dogs 2 ,0 and 31 located in different positions in said clutch mechanism, arranged to throw the said clutch into gear, one set of dogs 3. being arranged to move the governor valve to the closed position and the other set being arranged to move it to the open position; a bifurcated arm 15 on the said rock shaft 14, embracing the said clutch mechanism,

1 arranged to act on one set of dogs when -a turbine wheel 3; a turbine shaft 4 supported in suitable bearings; a speed responsive device, connected to be driven bythe said turbine; a worm on the said turbine shaft; a worm gear 20, supported on a suitable shaft and revoluble in one direction only, meshing with the worm on said turbine shaft; a governor valve for controlling the passages leadin to the turbine nozzles, arranged to be acte upon by the said worm gear; a clutch mechanism on the shaft of said worm gear,interposed between the said worm gear and the said rotary valve 37 to driveitin one direction only; and connections to the governor weights for throwing the saidclutch mechanism into gear for governing the governor valve, for the purpose specified.

5. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination with a casing of a turbine wheel and suitable shaft; a speed responsive device connected to be driven by the said turbine; a gearing on said shaft; a-

governor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing and the said governor valve for actuating the valve; connections from the governor Weights to the said clutch mechanism; a plurality of'dogdevices for the clutch mechanism; and connections to the governor weights to act upon one set of the said dogs for throwing-the clutch into gear.

to move the valve to'the-open and on the other set of dogs togthrow' the chitchvinto gear to throw the valve to the closed posi- .tion in response toth eaction of the governor weights, 'coacti-ng substantially scribed and for thepurposespecified.

6; In a governing means forelastic fiuid turbines, the combination of the casingt'a turbine wheel 3 therein; a turbine shaft 4 supported in suitable bearings; 21 speed responsive device connected to be driven by.

the said turbine; a governor valve; means for connecting said governor valve with the turbine shaft, a clutch mechanism being interposed in the connections between the said turbine shaft and the governor valve; a rock shaft. 1%; connections from the governor weights to the said rock shaft; .a bifurcated rock shaft arm carried by the said rock shaft to be moved up and down by the action of the governor weights, the said bifurcations embracing the clutch mechanism to control the same for regulating the governor valve, for the purpose specified.

7. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination of the casing; a turbine wheel within the same; a turbine shaft supportedin suitable bearings; a speed responsive device actuated by the said shaft; a worm on the said shaft; a worm gear meshin with said worm and supported on a suitable shaft; a governor valve controlled from the shaft of the said worm gear; a clutch mechanism on the shaft of said worm gear and interposed between the said worm gear and the governor valve; and connections from the said clutch to the said governor weights whereby the governor valve is controlled, as specified.

8. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination with a casing; aturbine wheel and suitable shaft; 'a speed responsive device connected to be driven by said turbine; a gearing on said shaft: a govcrnor valve; a clutch mechanism be ween the said gearing and the said governor valve, for actuating the valve intermitt ntly, consisting of the driving shaft 21, the diskQQ with a tooth 23 thereon, secured to the said shaft, a stationary plate bearing a cam-plate; 28 with the opposite cams 28 thereon, said camplate being arranged parallel to the revolve i ng dislcQQ, a shaft 33 hearing the disk 29 supporting aring 29 on its face, for controlling said governor valve, radially arranged sets'of dogs 30 and 31 in said ring, the dogs 30 being provided with teeth 30' on the inner end for engaging with the tooth" 23 onv the disk 22 and having its left-hand outer end portion cut away at 30",the function of said dogs being to close the governor lac valve, the dogs 31 beingv provided with teeth 31 at their outer ends to be engaged by the tooth 23 of the disk 22 for opening the gov; ernor valve, the said dogs being cut away on the right-hand side at 31 at their "outer ends, the said teeth 30' and 31'being beveled on their backs to be acted upon by'cams 28 28 for disengaging them from the tooth 23 after a quarterrevolution; a bifurcated member 15 having actuating blocks 17 and 18, the one cut away on the right-hand side "air! and the other on the left-hand at 18" and embracing the clutch mechanism to act upon the said dogs alternately: and connections from the bifurcated memb to the goveso ,ces

ernor weight mechanism for controlling the said bifurcated member to act upon the said dogs to throw them into gear for the transmission of power from the driving shaft to control the governor valve, and a friction pin 34 to engage a depression 34: in the side of each of the dog members and 31 to hold them yieldingly in position, all coacting for the purpose specified.

'9. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination with a casing; a turbine wheel and suitable shaft; a speed responsive device connected to be driven by said turbine; a gearing on said shaft; a governor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing and the said governor valve for actuating the valve intermittently, consisting of the driving shaft 21, the disk 22 with a tooth 23-thereon, secured to the said shaft, a stationary plate bearing a cam-plate 28 with the opposite cams :28 thereon, said cam-plate being arranged parallel to the revolving disk 22, a shaft 33 bearing the disk 29 supporting a ring 29 on its face, for controlling said governor valve, radially arranged sets of dogs 30 and 31 in said ring, the dogs 30 being provided with teeth 30 on the inner end for engaging with the tooth 23 'on the disk 22 and having its left-hand outer end portion cut away at 30, the function of said dogs being to close the governor valve, the dogs 31 being provided with teeth 31 to be engaged by the tooth 23 of the disk 22 for opening the governor valve, the said dogs being cut away on the right-hand side at 31 at their outer ends, the said teeth 30 and Zilbeing beveled on their backs to be acted upon by'cams 28- 28 for disengaging them from the tooth 23 after a quarter revo-' lutiou; a bifurcated member 15 having actuating blocks 17 and 18, the one cut away on the 'right hand side at 17 and the other on the left-hand at 18 and embracing the T'clutch mechanism to act upon the said dogs alternately, and connections from the bifurcated member to the governor Weightmechanism for controlling the said bifurcated member to act upon the said dogs to throw them into 5 gear for the transmission of power from the driving shaft to control the governor valve, all co-acting for the purpose specified.

10. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination with a' casing of a turbine wheel and suitable shaft; a speed responsive device connectedto be driven by said turbine; a gearing on said shaft; a governor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing and the said governor valve for actuating the valve intermittently, consistin of the drivin shaft-bearin a disk D b b i witha tooth thereon, a stationary cam-plate arranged to disengage the dog members from said tooth, a shaft for controlling said a governor valve, and a plate bearing sets of dogs positioned and arranged to be engaged by the tooth on said shaft; a bifurcated member arranged to embrace the said clutch mcchanism'and act when moved in one direction on one set of dogs and when moved in the opposite direction on the otherset of dogs, one set of dogsbeing engaged by the said shaft for closing'the governor valve and the other being engaged by the said toothed member for-opening the said governor valve;

an dconnections from the bifurcatedmember said turbine; a gearing onsaid shaft; a governor valve; a clutch mechanism between the said gearing and the said governor valve for actuating the valve intermittently, consisting of the driving shaft bearing a disk with a tooth thereon, a stationary cam-plate arranged to disen a e the dog members from said tooth, a sha t Iorcontrolling said overnor valve, and a plate bearing sets of ogs positioned and arranged to be engaged by l the tooth on'said shaft; a shifting device to act upon the said sets of dogs alternately; and connections from the said shifting device to the governorweight mechanism for controlling the said shifting device to act u pon the-said dogs to throw them into gear for the transmission of power from the driving shaft to controlthe governor valve, for

the purpose specified.

- 12. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination of a suitable casing; a-turbine Wheel therein; a turbine shaft supportedto revolve in suitable bearings; a

governor connected tobe driven by said turbine shaft; a governor valve; a valve stem connected to said governorvalve; a worm on said turbine shaft; a worm gear to be driven by said Worm, the said worm gear being mounted on a suitable. shaft; a clutch mechanism arranged to connect the. said Worm gear shaft to the said valve stem and drive the same in one direction only and means actuated by said governor'for operating said clutch mechanism.

13. In a governing means for elastic fluid turbines, the combination of a suitable casiio ing; a turbine wheel Within the casing; a

turbine shaft supported in suitable bearings; a speed responsive device connected to be driven by said turbine shaft; a governor valve; a revolubl'e stem connected to operate said governor'valve; a gear on a. suitable shaft driven from said turbine shaft; a clutch mechanism arranged to connect the said shaft to the said stem and drive the same in one direction only; means-connecting with the said speed res onsive device to operate the said clutch mecganism.

14. In a governing mechanism for motors, the combination of a clutch mechanism having a rotary actuating member continuously tomatically causing the coupling of said in the supply, and means for automatically uncoupling said members when said power controlling means has been moved suficlently to out off or turn on said supply or" power.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set go my hand and seal in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES WiDAKE. [n s]. Witnesses:

LULU GREENFIELD, Gnnrnunn TALLMAN.

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