US927465A - Control apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

G. H, HIL L. CONTROL APPARATUS. A'PPLIGATION FILED APR.18,1908r Patented July 6, 1909.

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George. H. Hil I Witnesses G. H. HILL.

' cgn'm'oL APPARATUS. nrmoufon FILED APR.18,1908.,

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UNITED ilTATEtti Prison moi.

GEORGE H. HILL, F SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK; ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COl/IFANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CONTROL APEARATUS.

I Continuation of application Serial No. 330,29e,

Specification of Letters Iteten/s.

filed. August 13, 1306. This ayplication filed April 18,1908.

Fotented July a, icon.

Serial No. 427,906.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, GEORGE H. Him, a citizen of the United States, residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectadytltote of New York,- have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Control Appa' rntus, of .which the following is e specific: tion. l I

The present invention relates to means for controlling electric motors and particularly in systems wherein it is desired to enable the Operator to control the motor from any one of n plurality of stations, and the invention 1151s for its object to provide a system simple in construction and operation where by the motor may be controlled in any de sired way troin n singfie'stetion or from any one of a plurality of stations by simply pressing a push-button or other form of 29 small switch.

The invention will be more fully understood and its objects and advantages willmore clearly appear from the followii'ig description tnereo'l taken inv connection with the accompanying drawings whcrein- Figure 1 is :1 front elevation of a mastercontroll-er arranged in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a detail of, the

controile Fig, 3 is r 'leteil elevation taken "-6 on the u '5 ct i A; and Fig. i is e for governing the inaster-controller.

The system illustrated in the drawing is one particularly oriented for use in connec tion with printing presses, wherein it is highly desirable that the operator sholl he 40 able to start and stop the press and run it :it the low speealswhile threading in and adjusting the paper. without heing'requircd to go to a central stntion Whenever it is desired to etiect. change in the operation of The system also arranged so as to prevent the press from being inadvertently started or its speed iwcelereted oft 2r tli, operator has set the proper switch thereby rendering the nmchinery sore the operator while examining or ndgnstino" the mechanism or the paper. 1

Referringfirst to Fig. 4e. ii. compound \vonnd motor, the armature l'tend series field 5153f 'Wlllflil ore to he shunted ivny.

rectly controls the operation of the switches position.

across variable portions of a resistance R 65 in starting and the shunt field S of which is adopted to be weakened. or strengthened by cutting into or out of series with it sec tions of the resistance R At B is indicated a coil by which a brake biased to the on 00 position is released when the motor circu t is completed. The manner in which this brake coil B is energized will be hereinafter explained. C is a controller of the separately-actuated contact type arranged to 65 first connect the motor armature and series field a-cross variiible portions of resistance R and. then to short-circuit the series field and connect the armature directly across the line.

These elements, of course, need not be in the 7G particular forms shown since the motor may he of any desired type and have its accelerm tion and speed controlled in any desired K is a master-controller which diwhich make up the controller C and which varies the strength of the shunt fiel E by cutting into or out of series therewiththe resistance R The operation of this mastercont'i'oller K is hereinafter fully described.

it 1 end 2 are control stations, at each of which is located a set of push-buttons or other switches, by which the operation of the master contrhller K 1s regulated. There may he, elf-course, any nn'rnber ofithese controt stations, butter the sake of sihiplicity' I here illustrated only two. stations the switches G and G which are biased to an open position, serve as starting switches; switches, H and H also biased to open position,-serve as slowing down switches; switches l and I biased to a closed position, are for stopping the motor;

' n l and switches J and J-, which will remainv either closed or open, are safety switches, 9

either of which when open prevent-s starting oi? the motor it the some is at rest or increasing the speed thereof if it is operating.

The manner in which these switches G and operate will be heroine ter described. At t) is shown-an overload relay Which serves to throw the master-controller to its oil thereby openiiig the switches of the controller in the motor circuit'excceds a certain predetermined vnluc. The source of current snppiy for the nrnniture and series field of At the control I H and H 1 and P and J and C, it at any time the current switch W servingto connect the motor cir- "cuits to this source. At Z and Z is indicated an'otor M. is indicated at L and L a suitable a source of current sup ly for the control circuits of the system ant for the shunt field S t of the motor M. It is, of course, obvious and control circuits might. be taken from the sameisource if the conditions were suit-' able.

The mechanical construction of the master-controller is illustrated in. Figs. 1, 2 and 3, and its electrical connections diagrammatically indicated in Fig. 4;. This mastercontroller comprises a row of fixedcontacts is which, during movement ofthe master switch, are successively connected to a fixed contact- In, and plurality of fixed contacts A, which during the movement. of the controller, are successively connected to a fixed contact 72. The contacts is and 7c are engaged respectively by fingers 3 and 4 electric ally connected together through a blow-out coil. 5 mounted as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and arranged to blow out any are which may form between the fin ers 3 and 4: and the contacts in and 7c. imilarly, contacts k ;..'1d 71: are engaged by fingers 6 and 7 con nccted together through a blow-out coil 8. The .fingers 3 and 4, 6 and 7 and blow-out coils 5 and 8 are carried by a yoke 9 which is moved in '1. vertical direction by certain clectro-magnetically operated means hereinafter described.

The operating means for the master-controller com rises an accelerating magnet-D, a slowingown magnet E and a holding or latching magnet F, all of which together with the other parts of the device are suitably secured to the back Z. These magnets control the movementof the yoke 9 which -carries the contacts 3, 4, (t and 7, said yoke being secured to a twthcd rod 15 which extends upwardly and is slidably arranged in a suitable guide 16. The yoke 9 may be an ranged to slide on a casing 17 within which the rod 15 moves. Arranged for movement within the accelerating magnet D is a core I] which is pivotally connected at its lower endto a dog (Z carried by and pivoted on a lever (Z pivoted to the back Z atd, as clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. With this arrangement energizati'on of the coil D will cause pulling up of thecorc d and engagement of the dog d with the teeth on the right-hand side of the rod 15, the operation of the arts being such that upward movement 0 the core (Z raises the rod 15 one tooth which is equal to the distance between the contacts k.

'The mechanism by which the rod 15 is held in any raised position or is allowed to drop notch-by-notch, or is permitted to fall freely underthe influence of gravity, is

clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and '2. This mechanism comprises a casing 20 surrounding the rod .15, in which casing are'pivoted at 21 and 22 dogs ,1 and c which may be called, respectively, holding and slowing down dogs. The dog f engages with the teeth on the right side of rod 15 and the do c meshes with the teeth on the left side 0 said rod but the dog 6 is so arranged that .it must always, when thrown into engagement with rod 15, engage the next tooth above that with which the dog f-has meshed. Also pivoted at 22 in the casing 20 is a lever c, of the form shown, which has a heel which co-acts with the extension 6 on. dog 6 in a manner hereinafter explained. The

upper extensions of the dogs f ande are connected together by'links 23, one on each and a spring f carried by the dog 7" engages a slot in the end of the core f in a manner apparent from Figs. 1 and 2. A spring 26 tends to draw the dog sf and 6 together, but

the links 23 are of such a length that but one of the dogs f or 6 can engage the toothed rod 15 at once. The parts inst described are so proportioned as to weight and the strength of the springs 26 and f that when magnets E and F are de'e'nergized and their cores are in'their lowermost position, as indicated in Fig. 1, both of the dogs 6 and f will be out of engagement with the teeth on the rod 15. In Fig. 2 the dog f is shown in engagement with the teeth on the rod 15 but this is only because'the cores 6 and f of the magnets E and F are not exerting their weights upon the ends of the lever e and the dog 7' Furthermore, the length of the, link 23 is such that but one of the dogs 6 or can be in engagement with the notched rod 15 at the same time. That is, if the dog f is in engagement with the notched rod 15 the dog c will, by the engagement of the toe e with the extension e, be moved out of engagement with the rod 15; or if the lever c be moved in a clockwise direction, therebyallowing the dog e under the influence of the spring 26 to engagethe teeth on the ro d 15, t i

e links 23 will orce the dog f out of engagement with its cooperating teeth on the rod 15. Operation in this manner is facilitated by the spring connection f between the core f and the dog f and the lost motion connection between the core c and the lever c. as will be apparent from an inspection of Figs. 1 and 2.

The extended end of the dog f The core (5 in rising is arranged to lift a rozi (Z carrying and-74 and one terminalof the shunt field a contact disk which bridges contacts d, thereby interrupting the circuit through the magnet l), as indicated in the diagram of Fig. The rod (l' is free to move upwardly hut is retarded in its downward movement logy means of 21 clash pot d7, or in any other suitable manner. With this arrangement the magnet D is necessarily intermittent in its operation, and, therefore, serves to operate the movable parts Of thfi master-controller step-hy-step in a manner hereinafter further explained. The magnet E is roudered intermittent in its action in the some manner as the magnet D by means of a rod which is lifted by the core a and which carries a contact disk 6 arranged to bridge fixed contacts a the rod 6 being provided with a clash pot c which retards it in its downward movement while allowing it to move freely in an upward direction. A bell crank lever 1-30 of the form shovv'u-is'p ivoted at 31 to the hook Z and is arranged to be engaged by the rod and moved. from the position illustrz-itcd in Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig. This increment of the lever flllOWS the contract disk to rise under the o2 influence oi"? a spring 33 bridge fixed contacts til, thereby closing circuit at that point for the purpose hereinafter explained. in order to provide an upper limit stop clevice'for the rod 15 on bshepcd member 35 is arranged for vertical sliding movement upon pins Elli and 37 fixed to the back Z, said member ilttvillg n. projection 38 upon the 9.) front face thereof which is engaged by a pin 35'; projecting from the rod 15 when said 1, Within one tooth of the upper rel which is the position shown 'hen the r d. 15 is raised one er the Lshoped member 35 is as too 39 engages with and holds l position the rod cl carrying d sh (1 thereby preveirtin telling of the rod d and the closing or the circuit for the magnet Dlftel the core 5 has dropped, in this We further operation of the magnet D is prevented. after it has raised the uiovuhle contacts of the inssten (Ulltl'fillGl to their uppermost position.

Referring particularly to Fig. Ii, the nrotov uud control circuits will now he traced. The controller is made up of electromagnetic witches all) to (3-iinclusivc, of which the switches 31 to he: have their actuating coils connected. to the fix-ed contacts Z on the muster-cmitrollerby wires 51* to (S-i inclusive. A switch (5?,- is arranged to control the circuit through brake releasing coil B in o. manner herciimfter described. The points between the'scctious oi res" iu'nce R are connected to the fixed contucis Z on the controller through wires to 72 inclusive. Fixed couluct I? on th umHer-controller is connected to the source Z through Wires 73 S is connected to the source Z through wire 75. It is clear, theretoreflhnt the fingers ii and 7 on the umster-co utroller serve by gaging fixed contacts and during their movement, to con'iplete the circuit through the shunt held S of the motor M and to vary the amount of resistance in this shunt field circuit therebyadjnsting the strength of this field. It is cleuifhlso that the fingers 3 and 4 during their moyeiuent connect the fixed contacts fi successively to the contacts k which are connected by wires 5? to ill inclusive to the actuating coils of the various switches making up tli'eiinolor controller C. The actuating circuits; for all three of the master-controller operating umgnets D, E and F derive their-current from the source I through wires 7% and 75, contacts of overload relay 0. Wire 77, through contacts of stopping swi'tches I and I in series, to Wire 78. From Wire 78, through wires 79 80 and 81 current is carried to the fixed Contact 12 and it is, therefore, apparent that this supply circuit for the switches which make up the can iroller (Y can at any time be interrupted by opening either of the switches l or 1 From the wire '78, throu h the safety switches c and J in series, on then, inperollel through contacts closed by either of switches, G or G a circuitmay be traced to wire 82 which leads through the contacts df and 65-? to the accelerating magnet D and thenoejthrough wires 83 and 8% to the source 5 Also from the wire Z8 circuits may he troe'ed, in perch 'l lthrough other contacts closed-lay the start ing switches G and G to the wire 85,

thence through wire 85,.through the holding magnet F, and wires 83 and so to the source I. Still another circuit passes from the Wire 78, in parallel through the slowingrlown switches H and H to Wire 87 end thence through contacts (1 and e", through the eloufiigciown rung-net E, and wires 83 12161 8% to thesource Z. The contact dish 32 which is arranged to bridge the eontocts as soon as the master switch has raised. to the 'lii'st or second notch, connects wires 2 9 shall 85 together and thus completes a circuit for the holding magnet F independent off the starting switches G and G lln the or: raugei nent just described. Wire 82 may he called the accelerating Wire, Wire 87 the slowing-down Wire, wire 85 the initial holdingwire and Wire 79 the permanent holding Wire. It is to be observed that with this arrangement when either of the safety switches J or J are open the starting and accelerating switches (l and G are ineffective, but the slowing-down switches H and H and the stopping switches I and I will still perform their functions; that open-' ing of either stopping switches I or 1 immediately interrupts the circuits through all of the magnets D, E and F and through the roe I operating coils of the switches which make up the controller C; that closing of eitheri slowmgdown switches H or'H energires the slowing-down inagnet E; and that clos the motor controller C in'their 0d posh tions, the'safety switches J and J closed, and the starting and accelerating switches G and G the slowing-down switches H and H and the stopping switches I and I in. their normal positions. It now the switch G is closed the accelerating magnet D and the holding magnet F are energized. The master controller, therefore, commences t0 operateand the yoke 9 carrying fingers 3, 4, 6 and 7 rises. As soon as the fingers 6 and 7 engagcthe fixed contacts 70 and k the circuit through the shunt field S is completed,

.as hereinbefore explained. {As soon as the finger'fl: engages with the fixed contact 70 and the finger 3 engages with the lowermost fixed contact is a circuit is completed from the source Z, throughwircs 742, 76, contacts of overloadrelay 0, wire 77, switches I? and I wires78, 79, 80 and 81, contact k finger l,

' blow-out coil 5, finger 3, contact 70, wire 51 actuating coil of switch 51', wire 90, actuating coil of switch50, wire 91, actuating coil of switch 149, actuating coil of switch 65, wires'92 and 84. to the source Z Switches 51, 50,-49E arid 65, are, therefore, closed.

- :00i1" B and releasin losing ofswitch completes a circuit from K s 8Q,through wire 93, releasing coil B of the 'lbrake, switch 65 and wires 92" and 84.- toithe source Z thereby energizing the brake the brake. Closing of switches 51"," 50 an 49. connects all of the resistance R acrossthe source L, L and conmeets the armature Aand series field S of the motor M' in shunt-to the portion a of the resistance R; Y The motor will then be excited with compound wound fields. If the switch G be held closed the movable member of the master-controller K will continue to rise fstep-by-step and the wires 52 53 5-1, etc.,

will be successively energized. As soon as the movable member of the master-controller has risen 'sufiiciently (that is,.one or two notches) to cause the closing of the contacts 325113134, the holdin magnet'F will be ren- H dared independent 0 the switch G and if this switch isreleased at any time the master-controller' will stop in its movement and,

nemesis be held by the holding magnet F at the position'in which it then is. Successive energization of the wires52 to 63 inclusive coinplctes the circuit successively through the -actuating coils of the switches 52 to 64 inclusive, though interlocks 49 closed by the closingof the switch 49, to wire 90, thence through the actuating coil of the switch 50, wire 91, actuating coil of the switch 49, actuating coil of the switch 65, and through the path previously traced to the source Z. Closing of the switches 51 to 63 inclusive results in connecting the motor armature A and series field S in shunt to greater and greater amounts of the resistance R until they are finally connected in shunt to all of this resistance It except the section 1". During operation of these switches 51 to 63inclusive the switches 49, 50 and 65 remain closed since the current for each of the first named switches passes through the actuating coils of the latter. \Vhen, however, the wire (54 is energized current flows through the actuating coil of the switch 64, interlocks 63 closed by the switch 63, directly to wire '91, and thence actuating coils of switches 49 and 65 and the path previously traced, the switch or being closed, which in closing completes a circuit through the interlocks 64t in shunt to the circuit through the interlocks 63*. AS soon, therefore, as the wire (33 is deiinergizcd by the finger 3 passing oil. the contact 70 connected to said wire, the switches 63 and 50 'open. The motor armature A is then connected directly across the source L, L and theresistance R is disconnected from said source. if the movable element of the master-controller is moved still further'the ting'cr (3 passes beyond the lowermost contact In" and-engages successively with the smaller contacts k which are connected by wires 67 to 72 inclusive to points between the sections of the resistance 1 and the shunt field S is weakened by including in its circuit the resistance B. When the fingerv 6 has reached the uppermost contact 71: further upward movement of the movable contact member is prevented by the lifting of the L shaped member by the pin 39 and the consequent interruption of the control circuit -f0I Il121g net D as hereinbefore explained. The move ment of the movable element of the master controller results, therefore, in increasing the speed of the motor step-by-ste first by 12c;

shunting its armature and series eidaround.

'a greater and greater amount of resistance connected across the source, then by cutting out the series field altogether and connecting the armature directlyto mid source, the resistance being at the same time disconnected, and finally by weakening the shuntflfield by interposing an increasing amount inflates!stance in the shunt field circuit: At any time during this operation the movement of the master-controller may be stopped by simply a switches H or invention may trims, as indicated by the terms of the opseen from tl 1e o electro-m electro'rnagnet step away from the allowing the switch G to open; or the mactor-controller may be returned ste -byetep for any number of steps toward its 0E position by closin either oi the slowing-down stantaneously disconnected from the source by depressing either of the stopping switches 1 or 1 an operation which interrogate the control circuit for the switches of controller 19 C. and at the same time allows the master switch to drop unimpeded to its ofi nosi- ,ion; or the motor after being brought to a certain speed may be revented from being accelerated to any big er speed by opening 15 either of the safety switches J or 5 Although it have illustrated but one form of embodiment of my invention, ll do not desire to. be limited. to the particular form shown since in its broader aspects the present be incorporated in various pended claims.

"What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

25 1 In a controllena movable centactmexn- W the off position bye continuous movement.-

2. In a controller, a morable contactber having a tendency to return to the? position, a holding pawl for said member, an

arranged to move said memoer a step away from the on. position whenever it is energized, a second electrorna et' cooperating with said pawl to catjse sai member to return a step' toward. the 9 off position when the electro-magnet is energized, means for closing circuits through said electromzignets, and means associated with each electro-magnet for interrupting 1ts'circu1t after each step of movement of said member has been efiected thereby,

' 3. In a controller, a movable contact merc ber tending to assume its toothed element connected thereto, pawl cooperating with said toothed element,

an'electroanagnet connected to said pawl,

second electro'magnet having a movable core, a pawl carried by said core and arranged to engage.said'toothed element to operate the said controller member stepcyoil position, a third or the motor may be in gosition, an electron 01f position, a a holding electrosnagnet having a movable core, a operati'vely connected to said latter core and to the holding nasal tor releasing the controller nien'rlaer stenoy-step, means associated with each of the second and third mentioned elective-magnets for interrugting the circuitoi? each after a step of movement thereby, and switches for controlling said electro-inagnets.

a. in a controller, stationary contacts, a movable contact member cooperating therenotching'np magnet "for moving said member stegi-loy-step in an on direction, I holding magnet for holding said member in any on nositioma listening-down magnet for allowinp said member to more step-log step in the or? direction, control circuits for said magnets, station switches for closing said control circuits, means controlled by oi matching-down magnet as long as one movable contact member coo crating there with and. biased to an ell position, a nctcloing-up magnet for moving said contact member step-by-stepin an on direction, a holding magnet for liolding'seid memlierin any on position, a notclnn (concreting with said holding magnet to permit the movable contact member to retur' stepby-step in an ofi direction, control circuits foe said magnets, a plurality of control stations, switches at said control stationslw which said control circuits may be centre led, means for causing repeated operation of said notcliing-up magnet while its controlv circuit is closed at a control station, means or causing repeated operation of said notching-down magnet While its control circuit is closed at a control station, said notching np, notching-down and holding magnets being so arranged that when deenergized the movable contact member is free to move nninterrnptedly toward. 1 its oft position, 7 V

5. line -oantroller, stationary contacts, a movable contact member cooperating therewith and biased to an of? position, electromagnetic-ally operated notcliing-up rh'echan ism arranged to move said contact member step-oystep in an on direction, electron'iagneticaily operated tact member in on position or to'perwith and biased to an elf position, a

of its station switches is closed. 5. in a controller, stationary contacts, a

holding and notching- I down mechanism arranged tohold said eonof said contact member has been cli'ected said stitching-op magnet for automatically.

-down n1agnet""' as long asfthe control circuits for said'mechtion for controlling the control circuit for "to operate'repeatedly as long as its co ntrol circuit is closed at a control statioi'ifan d said. notching-down and, holding mechanism being arranged tdaliow said contact member o movestep-by-step in an off direction anism are closed at one of the control Slit-1* tions.

72- In a controller, stationary-contacts, a inovalole contact member cooperating there with and biasedto an oft position, electromagnetically operated "notching-up mechanism arranged to move said contact member step -hy-ste in an on direction, electromagnetical y operated holding and notohingdown mechanism arranged to hold said contact member in any on position or to permit it to move step-by-step in an off direction, control circuits for said mechanisms, a plurality of distant control stations, a switch at each station for controlling the control circuit for'said notching-up. mech anism,a second switch ateacli control stasaid holding and notching-down mechanism, a third switch at each station for interruptingthe control circuits to all of said electromagnetically operating mechanisms, and a fourth switch at each station for rendering the first named switch at all stations ineffective.

movable contact member cooperating therewith and biased to an off position, electromagnetically operated notching-up mechanism arranged to move said contact'member step-by-step in an on direction, electromagnetically operated holdin and notching'down mechanism arrange to hold said contact member in any on position or to circuits and thereby "the operation of said controller.

9. In a system of control, a motor, and a controller for said motor including a switch or push-button to gradually accelerate the motor, a switch or puslnbuttou to gradually retard the motor, a switch or push-button to stop the motor quickly, and a switch or a push-button for preventing acceleration.

'ziiiisms, and a plurality of control stations 'havlng switches for controlling said control 10. In a system of control, a controller ar- 5 ranged to be operated electrically from a distance, a plurality of distant control stations,

a switch at each control station for effecting movement of the controller step-by-step in the on direction, a second switch at each control station for effecting movement of the controller step-loy-step in the off direction, a third switch at each station for causing the uninterrupted return of the"controllerto theftott position, and a fourth switch at each station for rendering the first named switch at all stations ineffective.

11. In a system of control, a motor, a motor controller, a master controller for governing the operation of said motor controller, and electro-magnetic actuating and controlling means for said master-controller, including switches or push-buttons which respectively cause the master-controller to gradually accelerate and retard the motor,

and a switch for causing'the master-coutroller to operate to stop the motor quickly.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of April, 1908;

- GEORGE H. HILL.

Witnesses BENJAMIN B. HULL, HELEN Onronn.

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