US925455A - Lock and fastening. - Google Patents

Description

J. s. CAMPBELL. LOCK AND PASTENING. APPLIOA'IION4 ILED JUNE 25, 1904.

Patented June 22, 1909.

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f WTNESSES A I y@ Home f J. S. CAMPBELL. LOCK AND FASTBNING. APPLIoATIoN FILED JUNE 25, 1904.

Patented June 22, 1909.

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LOCK AND FASTENING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 22, 1909.

Application led .Tune 25, 1904. Serial No. 214,118.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN SMALLEY CAMP- BELL, engineer, residing at 6() Chancery Lane,.

London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks and Fastenings, of which the following is a clear, exact, and full specification.

My present invention relates to locks or fastenings for use on such articles as boxes, drawers, cabinets, or any similar object having relatively movable parts, through the movement of which access to the interior of the object may be gained, and whereby unauthorized access may, within variable limits short of breakage of the object itself, be resisted.

My present invention may be regarded, in part, as constituting an improvement upon the invention described in United States Letters Patent No. 757,265, issued to me April 12, 1904, in so far as it relates to adaptation of the multiplex actuating member described in that patent, provided it be noted in this connection that my present invention embodies certain features neither included in nor in anywise alluded to therein.

In my patent above recited, a lock or fastening is shown in which the retaining mem ber, or the catch head, as it is specifically designated in the patent, is actuated by mechanism convertible at the will of the possessor of the key from an ordinary spring push-fastening into a key lock or contrariwise. By my present invention in a lock, possessing in itself certain distinctive peculiarities of consequence, provision is made, preferably along with and in addition to the provision of my previous patent above referred to, for setting the retaining member in an inoperative osition so that the article to which it is app ied may be used as if there were no lock present. By the aid of this last named contrivance, as upon a drawer, for example, containing, for the time being, nothing of special value but constituting a mere receptacle forarticles requiring to be frequently withdrawn and replaced therein, the drawer may be made free to open or close without requiring any manipulation of the lock mechanism whatever, but which may be quickly and conveniently subjected to the control of a spring push-fastening or a key lock at the pleasure of the holder of the key. In this connection, it should be observed that the holder of the key is enabled exclusively to control the conversion of the lock from its inoperative adjustment to either of the operative adjustments to which it is susceptible, thereby preventing the annoyance of having its adjustment changed by mischievous tinkering with or the idle manipulation of its mechanism.

Vlfithout entering at this place -into enumeration of all the details comprehended by my present invention, it is suflicient here to observe that what constitutes my resent invention will be hereinafter speciiie in de-` tail and succinctly set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of this specification, I illustrate, by way of example of one form of embodiment, my invention as embodied in a drawer lock.

In those drawings, Figure I is an inside elevation of the lock-plate, detached, portions of the mechanism being broken away for the purpose of better illustration, the latch, detent or dog being shown in the non-engaging position, whereby the lock mechanism is adapted to be actuated as a push-fastening. Fig. II is a bottom plan view of the subject matter of Fig. I looking toward the bottom of the face-plate of the lock, portions of the lock-plate and of the face-plate being broken away for completeness of illustration. Fig. I'II is a sectional view showing the lock-plate as applied to a drawer, illustrating the drawer-retaining-member or locking-nose in side elevation and the lock mechanism proper in section, the several elements being shown as at rest, or in the normal position. Fig. IV is a view similar toITi III showing the barrel or outermost shel of the lock mechanism only in section, the remainder of the lock mechanism being shown in elevation and as actuated under the pressure of a thumb, indicated in dotted lines, to depress the locking-nose. Fig. V is a view of the lock-plate as shown in Fig. I, portions being broken away, showing in full lines the latch, detent or dog set to convert the lock mechanism from a spring push-fastening into a key lock, and showing in dotted lines the spring common to the lock mechanism and to the locking-nose swung aside in the manner provided for the manipulation of the actuating-member. In this gure, the lockingnose is shown in the depressed position as if actuated by the inthrust of a key, as illustrated in Fig. VI. Fig. VI is a view corresponding to Fig. IV but showing the lock,

adjusted as shown in Fig. V, operated by the inthrust of a key, the inner end of the key with the mechanism with which it directly cooperates being shown in section. The line VI-VI of the section is indicated on Fig. V. Fig. VII is a fragmental view corresponding to Fig. V, showing the dog in the position shown in Fig. I, and showing the actuatingmember set by a partial rotation of the key applied, as in Fig. VI, to adjust the lock to the inoperative position, wherein it requires no manipulation for the opening and closing of the drawer or other member to which it may be applied. Fig. VIII is a section on the line VIII-VIII of Fig. VII looking toward the actuating-member or lock proper, showing the manner of engagement of the dead-set pin with the inner face of the lockplate, in consequence whereof the lockingnose is set or temporarily fixed in the retracted position which it occupies in Figs. IV to VI, inclusive.

Referring to the numerals on the drawings, 1 indicates a lock-plate, which may be taken representatively as the main assembling member of my lock mechanism, whereon the parts of the lock mechanism are assembled, and whereby it may be operatively applied in practice. In the form of embodiment illustrated, it is shown as applicable to the inside front end, 2, of a drawer, which is shown in the various sectional views illustrated in the drawings. In that form of embodiment, it is preferably provided with a face-plate 3 that over-laps the upper edge of the drawer with which it is made flush` The face-plate 3, besides contributing to the security of the union between the plate 1 and the drawer 2, affords a suitable frame for the retainingmember or locking-nose 4, which oscillates upon its pintle 5 into and out of a recess 6 provided for it in the plate 1, the face- )late 3, and the drawer, respectively. The locking-nose 4 is adapted by reason of its form and location, to engage with a member, not shown, secured in the drawer case, when in the position shown, for instance, in Figs. I and III, and in that position to prevent the opening of the drawer. On the other hand, when depressed in the position shown in Fig. IV, for instance, the face 7 of the lockingnose lies flush with the surface of the faceplate 3 and opposes no obstruction to the free movement of the drawer. The pintle 5 of the locking-nose is preferably mounted in oppositely disposed lugs 8 and 9 projecting from the inner surf ace of the plate 1, and separated by sufficient distance to snugly accommodate the locking-nose between them. Between the lugs 8 and 9, the locking-nose is referably elongated, as illustrated clearly in igs. I and V, to aord a comparatively massive and consequently rigid bearing for the locking-nose.

Disposed substantially at right angles to the face 7 of the locking-nose, I provide upon that member a bifurcated beak 10, which is designed to receive in operative engagement a projection 11 extending into it, when operatively assembled, from one side of a spring 12. The spring 12 is preferably flat and of elongated form, being pivoted near its end remote from the projection 11 to the inner face of the plate 1, as by a broadheaded rivet 14. Normally, the spring 12, in consequence of its resiliency, hugs the face of the plate 1, as shown, for example, in Fig. II, and in that position, through engagement of its projection 11 with the beak 10 of the locking-nose, serves as an actuating spring to the last named member to hold it normally in the engaging position shown, for example, in Figs. I and III. To that position against accidental dislodgment, the spring 12 is held as by a stud 15 secured to the plate 1. and extending a little above its surface. The spring 12, being designed to be swung upon its pivot 14;, is preferably provided with a handle 16, preferably located opposite the projection 11, by which it may be lifted clear of the stud 15, and drawn back to the position, shown, in dotted lines, in Fig. V, where'its swinging movement is interrupted by a stop-post 17, projecting from the plate 1. In order to swing the spring 12 back against the stop-post 17, the operator grasps the handle 16 and withdrawing the projection 11 from the beak 10, moves it the required distance. The spring 12 is designed to perform the twofold function of actuating the locking-nose and of confining the actuatingmember, wherein is included the lock proper of my invention, and becomes in consequence the common actuating-member for the two elements designated.

The mechanism of the lock proper last above referred to preferably comprises an outer shell 19 that is tubular and preferably of cylindrical shape (compare, for instance, Figs. II and III). It may be fitted and set into an aperture provided for it in the plate 1, to which it may be brazed, and, projecting therefrom at right angles in the direction in which the face-plate 3 extends, terminates at its outer end in an inturned, annular flange 20. The shell receives and regulates the movement of the actuating-member of the lock mechanism, which, as has been set forth, is preferably of the multiplex type described in my patent above recited. In that form of embodiment, the said multiplex member comprises the outermost tube 21., which fits snugly within the shell 19, and terminates at its outer end in a reduced qportion 22 of a diameter to accommodate the flange 2O and to form the shoulder 23 which impinges against said flange. The tube 21 being constructed as specified hitherto is free to move longitudinally within the shell 19 and to constitute a simple push button operatively projecting through the drawer 2, and adapted to communicate pressure from the outside to the spring 12, and, through its engagement with the lockingnose, operative movement to the last .named member. rl`he actuating member, being thus constituted in its simples aspect into a push button, is provided With means which may be any of those suggested in my patent above recited, by Which it may be restricted in its capacity as a push button and converted, at will, into a key lock. 'llo the end last named, l provide upon the inner face of the plate 1 a latch, detent or dog 25, correspending` substantially to the member described by that name in my previous patent, and which may for brevity be hereinafter designated a deg. r1`he deg 25 is pivoted, as by a rivet 26, to the plate 1 Within operative juxtaposition to the tube 21. 1t swings between stop pins 27 and 28 projecting from the face oil the plate 1, and is preferably provided With a handle 29 by which it may be swung` from one stop pin to the other. Upon its under side, preferably cpposite the` handle 29, the dog is provided' with a button S1, which is adapted to enter either of tivo recesses 32 or 33 (compare Figs. 1 and V), and thereby to coni'ine the dog, against accidental dislodgment, into either oi the two positions to which it may be adjusted. T he dog is provided with a nose 35, which, when the dog is swung against the pin 2.7, as shown in Fig. V, en-

gages the inner end oi the tube 21, thereby depriving it, for the time being, of its capacity as a push button. 0n the other hand, when the dog is swung against the pin 28, the nose 35 clears the tube 21 (see Fig. l) and restores to the said tube that capacity of which in the other position it deprives it.

1t has been suggested that the actuatingmember, of which the tube 21 constitutes the outermost member Within the shell 19, may be of any preferred form oi embodiment oi the multiplex type, and 1 new proceed to specify mechanism oi that type which l at present regard as of preferred form for the purpose under consideration. Accordingly, i provide, as a means of protecting the lock against insertion of an improper key or intrusion of a picking instrument, Within the tube 21 a plurality of slotted dislis, for example, disks 37 and 3S (see particularly Figs. 111 and V1). They are independently rotatable and coniined Within the tube 21 as by an internal annular liano'e 39 in the outer end of the tube, and a spacing-tube 40 extending from the inner face of the disk 88, i'lush with the end ofthe tube 21. The spacing-tube 40, like the tube 21, is Within the iield of restrictive engagement oi the nose 35 oi the dog 25 so that they may be conlined in place Within the shell 19 When the spring 12 is not in enare in substantial alinement that even the proper key may pass through the disk 38, thereby guarding the lock. The spacingtube 40 is assembled so as to move longitudinally, but non-rotatably, Within the tube 21, and to that end may be provided with a lug 48 upon its outside that enters a longitudinally disposed slot 44 in the inner Wall of the tube 21.

Within the spacing-tube 40, 1 provide a key-actuated push-member 45, Which preferably consists of a tube telescoping Within the spacing-tube and extending from end to end thereof. lts diameter is such as to receive the inthrust imparted to it by a key 46 inserted through the slots 41 and 42 and thrust against it. 1t Will be apparent from comparison oi Figs. 111 and V1 of the drawings, for instance, that a key of proper length may gain operative access to the push-tube even during such time as the tubes 21 and 40 are coniined by the nose 35 ofthe dog, and may drive it against the spring 12 te operate it for the actuation of the locking-nose 4, previously specified. 1t may be observed in this connection, although perhaps it is clear .T

from the foregoing speciiication, that the spring 12 operates as the spring for driving the push-tu be 45 back into the spacing-tube 40 after each counter-impulse of the key and there confining it.

The push-tube 45 is utilized as an instrument for setting the retaining-member or locking-nose 4 into inoperative position. To that end, 1 provide upon one side of the pushtube 45 an outwardly radially projecting pin 50, Which 1 designate as the dead-set pin. Normally, this pin retreats into a recess 51 provided for it in the lock-plate 1 and the shell 1Q. The recess is provided on one side With an inclined or rounded face 52 upon Which the pin 51 may ride Whenever rotative movement is imparted to the tube 45 in the assemblage of the members speciiied. To permit oi a limited rotative movement, the

tubes 21 and 40, respectively, are provided With co-registering segmental recesses 53 that extend from a Wall 54 oi the recess 51 on the one side, and to a Wall 55 on the other side that underlies the nose 35 of the dog 25. The endWise movement oi the tube 45 under inthrust oi a key 46 of requisite length is suilicient to lift the dead-set pin to a position Where, if rotated, it may swing clear oi the inner face of the lock-plate 1 (compare Figs. V and V1, for example). This position, it

should be observed, is coincident with the unlocking position of the parts occasioned by the inthrust of the key 46 (see Fig. VI). If, therefore, when the key be inserted into the lock and driven a suflicient distance to retract the locking-nose 4, and provision be made for partially rotating the key to the position, for instance, in which it is illustrated in Fig. V II, the pin 50 will be supported upon the lock-plate 1 and will have the effect of holding the locking-nose 4 in the Vretracted position (compare Figs. VI, VII, and VIII). In this position, the lock is wholly inoperative either as a push-fastening or as a key lock, and the drawer 2 is operable prelcisely as if it were not provided with any oc i.

In order to render the tube 45 rotatable by the aid of the key 46, I provide means of engagement between the tube and the key, for example, oppositely disposed notches 56 in the end of the tube 45. These notches receive the end of the key and adord means of communication of rotative movement of the key to the tube 45 and to the dead-set pin 50 carried by said tube.

The dead-set pin 56 is yieldingly held in its normal position, illustrated in Figs. I and Il, for example, by a spring 58 (see Fig. II), which, secured, as indicated at 59, to the inner face of the lock-plate 1, encircles the shell 19 so as to bring its free end 60, urged by the resiliency of the spring, into yielding engagement with the pin. Under rotative movement of the push-tube 45, the pin 50 brushes the end 60 of the spring 58 aside sufficiently to accomplish its function. In the absence of the application of positive force to overcome its resiliency, the power of the spring is suiiicient to hold the pin 5() and the push-tube 45 in their normal positions.

It should be observed that one of the minor features of the lock, and not unimportant by reason of the compactness which it lends to the structure, is the employment of the ilat spring 12 in operative engagement with the oscillatory locking-nose, the plane of movement of those members, respectively, being at right angles to each other.

The operation of my lock, having been referred to from time to time as occasion appeared to require in the preceding specification, may be briefly described as follows: Let it be assumed that the lock is operatively applied to an object to be secured by it, and its several members to be adjusted to their respective positions, as shown in Figs. I to III, inclusive, of the drawings. Under such adjustment, the spring 12 operates to confine the parts of the actuating member yieldingly within the shell 19, and to project the locking-nose 4 into the locking position shown in Fig. III. A push upon the projecting end of the tube 21 will new sufiice to operate that tube as a push button and to force the locking-nose into the unlocking position shown in Fig. IV. The tube 21 while operative as a push button, carries all of the members within it as an inert and, for the time being, inoperative complement. Whenever it is desired to convert the push fastening into a key lock, it is only necessary to open the drawer and swing the dog 25 against the stop pin 27. That being accomplished, the tube 27 confined by the nose of the dog 25 will resist operative impulse from the outside; but a proper key inserted through the slots in the disks 37 and 38 may engage the end of the push-tube 45, concealed and guarded within the tube 21, and by inthrust upon it operate the push-tube to effect the same operation of the locking-nose 4 as that effected by the inthrust of the tube 21 when not confined by the nose of the dog 25. If, when the key 46 is inserted and thrust inwardly to drive the members to the position shown in Fig. VI, the operator wishes to set the retaining-member or locking-nose 4, in an inoperative position, all that remains for him to do is to impart a slight turn to the key, which through its engagement with the notches 56 of the pushtube 45, will suHice to turn the push-tube and set the pin 5() in the position clearly shown in Fig. VII, wherein it serves, in the manner previously specified, to deprive the lockingnose 4, for the time being, of its functional capacity. In this connection, it may be specified that the spring 12 is preferably provided with an enlarged head 61 of a diameter sufficient to substantially cover the sweep of the pin 50, thereby affording a cap or protective covering for the locking mechanism contained within the shell 19, including the element 40.

What I claim is:

1. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an assembling-member, of a spring-actuated retaining-member, a retaining member actuating device convertible into a push-fastening or key lock at will, and means for locking the retaining-member out of service.

2. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an assembling-member, of a retaining member, a retaining-member-actuating-device, means for locking the retainingmember out of service, and a spring operatively assembled with the retaining-member and its actuating-device, and common to both of those members.

3. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an assembling-member, of a spring-actuated retaining-member, a retaining-inember-actuating-device operative by i the inthrust of a key, and means operative by rotative movement of the key, for locking the retaining-member out of service.

4. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an assembling-member, retain- Cir' Al O

ing-member, and retaining-member-actuating-device operative by a key, of means for locking the actuating device out of service.

5. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an assembling-member, retaining-member, and retaining-member-actuating-device operative by a key, of means operative by rotative movement of the key, for locking the actuating device out of service.

6. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an assembling-member, retaining-member, and retaining-member-actuating-device operative by a key, of means, operative by rotative movement of the key for locking the actuating-device out of service and thereby also locking the retaining-niember out of service.

7. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an oscillatory retaining-member and means for actuating the same, of a :dat spring in operative engagement with the retaining-member and working in a direction at right angles to the plane in which the retaining-member works.

8. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an oscillatory retaining-member and reciprocatory means for actuating the same, of a flat spring in operative engagement with the retaining-member and working in a direction at right angles to the plane in which the retaining-member works.

9, In a lock or fastening device, the combination with an oscillatory retaining-member and a reciprocatory actuating-member in operative engagement with the retaining-member, the plane in which the retaining-member oscillates being coincident with or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the actuating-member.

10. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with a lock-plate and oscillatory retaining-member provided with a bifurcated beak carried thereon, of a spring provided with a projection adapted to engage the bifurcated beak, and an actuating-member mounted in the lock-plate and adapted to actuate the spring and through it the retaining-member.

11. In a lock or fastening device, the combination with a lock-plate and oscillatory retaining-member provided with a bifurcated beak carried thereon, of a spring provided with a projection adapted to engage the bifurcated beak, and an actuating-member mounted in the lock-plate and adapted to actuate the spring and through it the retaining-member, said s ring being pivotally mounted upon the ock-plate, whereby it may be swung into and out of engagement with the beak.

12. In a lock or fastening mechanism, the combination with a lock-plate, spring-actuated-retaining-member, and a longitudinally movable, partially rotative, push-tube operative by a key and adapted to actuate the retaining-member, and a dead-set pin upon said tube adapted to interrupt the endwise movement of the tube when rotated by the key, and thereby to render the retainingmember inoperative.

13. In a lock or fastening mechanism, the combination with an assembling-member, a movable retaining-member, and a flat spring in operative engagement therewith, of a longitudinally movable, partially rotative, key-operative push-tube provided with a dead-set pin operative in the manner specified, the said spring being provided with a head affording a cap for the push-tube and its pin.

14. In a lock or fastening mechanism, the combination with an assembling-member, a movable retaining-member, and a flat spring in operative engagement therewith, of a longitudinally movable, partially rotative, key-operative push-tube provided with a dead-set pin operative in the manner specified, the said spring being provided with a head affording a cap for the push-tube and its pin, and being movable into and out of operative engagement with the retainingmember.

15. In a lock or fastening mechanism, the combination with an assembling-member, retaining-member, and retaining-memberactuating-device comprising a longitudinally movable, partially rotative, key-operative push-tube, of a dead-set pin upon the pushtube, and means for yieldingly opposing rotative movement of the push-tube.

16. In a lock or fastening mechanism, the combination with an assembling-member, retaining-member, and spring-controlled retaining-member-actuating-device, of a longitudinally movable, partially rotative, keyoperative push-tube comprised within said actuating-device, a dead-set pin upon said push-tube, and means for mounting the pushtube in the assembling-member, said means being provided with means for accommodating and limiting the movement of the deadset pin and thereby limiting the rotative movement of the push-tube.

17. A lock or fastening device capable of being converted either into a spring pushfastening or a key lock, and comprising a lock-plate, a shell, a spring-controlled retaining-member, Aand a push-member operating the spring of the retaining-member, and removably mounted in said shell, a dog for said push-member pivoted to the lock-plate, a key-operated member within said pushmember, and means for imparting an advance motion during a partial rotatory motion imparted to said key-operated member, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

18. In a fastening mechanism of the character described, the combination with a lockplate, a pivoted spring-controlled retainingmember, a spring-actuating-member removably mounted on the lock-plate and a l adapted to ride up the inclined side of the re-- pivoted dog, of a key-operated member Within said spring-actuating-member, and means for imparting an advance motion during a partial rotatory motion imparted to said key'- operated member, as and 'for the purpose specified.

19. In a fastening mechanism of the character described, the combination with a lool;- plate, a pivoted spring-controlled retainingmember, a spring pivoted to the loclcplate at one end and having a free end adapted to operatively engage a bifurcated beak With Which the retainingfrnember is provided, and stop to hold said spring normally in such engagement, of an actuating-member' recessed at its inner end and formed With an inclined plane at one side ol the recess, a key-opere ated member Within said actuating-member, and a pin on said key-operated member cess, as and f or the purpose speciiied.

20. ln a fastening-device of the character' described, the combination with a lock-plate, retaining-member, shell, and internal lange on the shell, oi' a tubular push-piece formed with a shoulder to impinge against said flange, a key-operated, partially rotative, member Within said push-piece operatively connected With the retaining-member, a dead-set pin upon the key-actuated member, and means for accommodating the movement of said pin.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN SMALLEY CAMPBELL. l/Vitnesses:

H. D. JAMESON, A. NUTTING.

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