US925291A - Receiver for wireless signaling. - Google Patents

Description

'H. G. GAYLEY.

RECEIVER FOR WIRELESS SIGNALING.

APPLICATION FILED APR-21.1998.

925 ,291 Patented June 15, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WITNESSES f2 Z j'fu 6". Z flaw/9Z0 Wa I W H. 0. GAYLEY.

RECEIVER FOR WIRELESS SIGNALING. APPLIOATIOHI'ILED APR. 21.1908.

925,291. Patented June 15,1909.

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WITNESSES INVENTOH MIILGKHM W A TTOHNE YS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HUGH CHARLES OAYLEY, on RIVERSIDE, CALIFORNIA.

-RECEIVER FOR WIRELESS SIGNALING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I Patented. June 15, 1909.

Application filed April-21, 190a SerialNo. 428,399.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGE CHARLES-CAY- LEY, a citizen of Great Britain, and a resident of Riverside, in the county of Riverside and State of California, have invented a new and Improved Receiver for \Vireless Signaling, of which the following is'a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention re1ates:;to wireless signaling, my morepartioular purposes being as follows: 1, to provide an improved wave detector; 2, to provide forniaking this detector not only self-restoring but also self-- derin the-indications oud and clear.

Re erenceis to be had to the acconipanying-drawings forminga part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding partsin all the figures.

Figure proved detector its general form being somewhat analogous to that of a Morse relay, the

'control of the detector by the waves being partly due to the agency of a steel ball in contact with a sharp point of graphite; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through the detector, taken upon the line 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow: Fig. 3 is a diagram of the wiring of the receiving station, including the wave detector and its accompanying parts. D

1 Mountedupon a base 4 is a bracket 5 of metal, this bracket being provided with a substantially u-shaped' portion 6 through which extend screws 7 ,8, and fitted upon these screws are locking nuts 9, 10, An electro magnet is shown a 11 and encircling this magnet is a metallic hook 12, the latter being secured upon the base for the purpose of supporting the magnet. An ad ustmg screw 13 extends through the bracket 5' and i is swiveled to the magnet 11. This djustarmature,

ing screw is encircled by alocking ut 14 which may be jammed against the bracket 5.

, Bearin'gs'15- support an armature lever 16 provided with a portion 17 serving as an the armature lever 16 carrylng a 1 is aside elevation of my imsteel ball 18. A bracket 19 is mounted upon the base. 4 and supports an adjusting screw 20, and encircling this adjusting screw is .a'

locking .nut 21 adapted to jam against the bracket 19. The ihner end ofthe screw 20 terminates in a sleeve 22, and mounted within this sleeve is a point 23 of graphite, this pointbeing sharp and adapted to be engaged by the. ball 18 When the armature swings outwardly or to the right according to Fig. 1. v I

A spring 24 is connected with the armature 17 and also with a thread 25, the latter being wound partially upon a revolubl e stem 26 supported upon a boss 27and provided with a milled head 28. By turning the milled head the tension of the spring 24 may be regulated at will. Binding posts 29, 30, 31 are mounted upon the base 4. The binding post 29 is connected with the magnet 11 by a wire 32. From the binding post 30 a wire 33 leads to the bracket 19. The armature lever 16 is connectedby a wire 34 with the binding post 31. A wire 35' connects the magnet 11 with one of the bearings 15.

In order to connect up the wave detector I run a wire 36 from the binding post 29 to a hand switch 37 and connect the latter by a wire 38 with a battery 39. From this battery I run a wire 40 to a rheostat 41 and to the latter I connect a wire 42. A wire 43 is connected with the wiring42 and with. the binding post 30. A wire 44 is connected with the wire 43 and with an aerial 45. A

wire 46 is connected with this aerial and with the wire 44. j The wire 46 leads to a condenser 47 which is connected witha telephonic'receiver 49 by aidof a wire 48 A ground wire is shown at 50 and is' connected with the receiver 49 by a wire 51,-and with the binding'post 31 by -a wire 52,

The rheostat 41 may contain considerable inductance. This is for'the purpose of pre-- venting oscillations set up in the aerial from following the battery wires 38, 40 and 36.

' The operation of my device is as follows: The adjusting screws 8 and 20 are so manipulated that the steel ball 18 normally rests lightly in contact with the sharp point 23 of graphite. Electromagnetic waves now strike the aerial 45 and set up oscillations inthe followin circuit 2' aerial wire 45, wires 44,-

43, binding post 80, wire 33, bracket 19,-

screw 20, point 23, steel ball 18,'arfnature" lever 16, wire 34, binding post 31, wire 52,

wire 50, to ground. The oscillations thus I 39, wire 40, rheostat 41', wires 42, 43, binding pass through the imperfect contact made by 'steel ball18 and the graphite point 23. The

resistance of the imperfect contact is thus lowered by the oscillations and the local battery circuit is completed as follows: battery post 30, wire 33, bracket 19, screw 20, graphite point 23, steel ball 18, armature lever 16, wire 35, ma et 11, wire 32, binding post 29, wire 36, switch 37, and wire 38 back to bat:

. tery 39. This energizes the magnet 11 and causes the armature lever to move .toward the ma the steel ball 18 away from the graphite 1 battery circuit. tery circuit deenergizes themagn'et 11 and allows the armature lever to resume itsnorpoint 23, thereby breaking both the circuit afi'ected directly by wave action and the local.

The breaking of the batmal position which it readily does under the action of the s ring 24. This, of course, closes both the ocal circuit-and theoscillation circuit, and consequently the armature lever under control of the magnet repeats its movement so long as he waves continue to energize the aerial.

The parts are so adjusted and propor tioned, and the tension of the spring 24 is so regulated, that the battery current passing through the magnet 11 is never sufiicient to.

move the armature lever 16 except when the oscillations, due to wave action, are assing through the point 23 and the steel all 1 8.

'This adjustment is not at all difficult to at tain, for the reason that the resistance made,

by the im erfect contact is so hi h that the amount 0 battery current norma ly passing through the same is negligible.

It will be noted that both of the circuits above traced are so arranged that the battery current does not pass'directly through the receiver 49. The condenser 47 conserves the battery current and enables it to affect.

is thus energized by pulsations of a frequency;

corresponding. with movements of the armatu're lever 16, these pulsations being preferably of the order of, some hundreds per sec-..

- 0nd and varying with the adjustment of the spring 24. The strerih of the battery and t e condition of the r eostat 41 are 'afit'ected more remotely the other adjustments above described.

zVhen, therefore, the aerial et. This movement, however, draws a all contributing to the point .JB. The adjustin contr'ollin' the tension of 45 is energized by waves, the'receiver 49 emits a tone which, 'forany given adjustment of the parts, is always of the same pitch but which is broken into dotsfand dashes, the direction of which is controllable from the transmitting station, each dot and each dash being made .up of a considerable number of separate impulses from the battery and hav-' ing the same frequency as the strokes of th armature lever, as above described.

The invention above described makes use" of the fact that whenelectroma'gnetic waves are caused to affect an imperfect contact consisting' of two members, and at the same time one of these members is moved rapidly to and fro relativelylto the otl1er me1nber, so

-as to successivelyrclose and break the connection between them so that the imperfect contact is completely decohered by each" complete movement taking place between its members, the imperfect contact is rention. The instant the waves stop, the coherence of the imperfect contact stops also, and i this practically leaves the local circuit open so that the electromagnet 11 is no longer energized, or at least it is not energized to such anextentas to draw its armature and .dered exceedingly sensitive to wave connec-';

move the armature lever 16. I have also found that with a wave detector constructed as above described and connected 1n a circuit 'contalnin a condenser and receiver as indicated inFig. 3, the ultimate efl'ect of the wave energy upon the receiver is greatly increased, by vi'rtue of the extra current set u j in the wiring of the magnet, and the..sens1- tiveness of the receiver consequentlyiime proved by virtue of the fact that the pulsations of the battery current being conserved by the condenser, and increased by the self induction, greatly increase the electricenergy passingthrough the receiver.

One great trouble with wave detectors heretofore employed is the lack of. means for proper adjustment. The instrument abot e described has quite a number of adjustments usedfor slightly different purposes and yet to a common end. Forinstance, the ad usting screw 13 is used for varyingthe position of the magnet 11 relatively to the armature 17, and in doing this has an ,eflect upon the imperfect'contact. The adjusting screw 20 affects this contact directly by handling the point 23 relatively screw- 26, by

the spring 24,

regulates the degree of pressure normally S exerted by the ball 18 a ainst the po1nt23. The screw 8 also affects t e pressure, for the reason" that the armature lever in its stroke to thejright, accordin to Flgsl, not only moves the ball 18 against the point 23, but

.also lodges the upper end of the lever against the adjusting screw 8. The adjusting screw Y'governs the plav of the armature lever, and consequently has an effect upon the frequency of the battery pulsations, and consequently upon thetone emitted by the receiver-49.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a wave detector, the combination of an imperfect contact comprising two members, one of which is movable relatively to the other, an armature lever connected with said movable member, a magnet for controlling said armature lever, a battery circuit connected with said imperfect contact and with said magnet, and a shunt circuit connected with said battery circuit and including a condenser and a telephonic receiver.

2. The combination of an aerial Wire, a ground wire, an imperfect contact interposed intermediate said aerial wire and said ground Wire, a condenser, and a telephonic receiver connected in series with each other and in parallel with said imperfect contact, a battery circuit connected upon opposite sides of said imperfect contact so as to cause the current to flow through said imperfect contact, an electromagnet connected with said battery circuit so as to set iip .by inductance extra currents therein, and mechanism actuated by said magnet for decohering said imperfect contact.

3. The combination of an imperfect conthe latter, a direct current circuit connected with said magnet and with said imperfect contact, said circuit being controllable by said imperfect contact, an indicating device and a condenser connected in series with each other and in parallel with said circuit,

and means for subjecting said imperfect contact to the action of electromagnetic waves.

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HUGH CHARLES CAYLEY.

Witnesses HERMAN GEORGE VVILsoN, ADELIA I. FORD.

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