US920827A - Electric-lighting system. - Google Patents

Description

J. L. OREVELING. ELECTRIC LIGHTING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 28, 1908.

Patented May 4, 1909.

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I e pivoted as at UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN L. CREVELING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO SAFETY CAR HEATING 51 LIGHTING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC-LIGHTING SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 4, mp9. I

Application filed Kay 28, 1908. Serial No. 435,376.

tric ighting systems as usually employed for the lighting of railway cars in which a generator driven at variable speed furnishes current for operating lamps or other translating devices and charging a storage battery which furnishes the current to the lamps or other translating devices when the generator is inoperative.

My invention has for its articular object to provide means whereby t 1e output of the generator shall be regulated in a desired manner, and also means whereby the voltage impressed upon the lamps or other translating devices shall be held practically constant regardless of the speed of the train or the condition of charge of the storage battery.

In the drawing (1) represents an ordinary dynamo or generator driven at variable speed as for instance a generator deriving its motion from the motion of a car.

(2) represents the ordinary field winding of the generator in this instance shown as a plain shunt, the circuit of which is in series with the resistance device indicated at (3), in shunt with which may be placed the re- The variable resistance (3) may be of any desired type and in this instance is shown as of the carbon disk variety for sake of simplicity and so arranged that the spring (5) adjustable as by the screw (6) tends to press the disks together through the instrumentality of lever (7) thereby lowering the resistance of the field circuit.

The lever (7) is provided with the extension (8) carrying the hinged extension (9) The members (8) and (9) carry the posts (11 the motion of which serves to operate a resistance device (12), in this instance shown as of the ordinary carbon disk type, so arranged that a spring (1 3) adjustable as bythe screw (14) tends to lower the resistance of the same as by compressing the disks. Pull upon the link (15) will tend to lessen the pressure on the disks (12) and by proper design of springs (5) and (13) motion of the link (15) may be made to increase i voltage of the generator to that of the bat- 11 g the resistance of thedevice (12) until the adjusting screw (16) shall come in contact with i the lever (8) before any appreciable change is made in resistance of de-vlce (3).

To the link (15) is attached the core (17) of the solenoid (18) provided with a coarse winding in series with the generator as by leads (19) and (20). The other side of the generator is connected by lead (21) to one terminal of the automatic switch (22) from the other terminal of which the main (23,) is

and one terminal of the resistance (25) from translating main (26). The lamps or other translating devices (27) are placed across the mains (20) and (26) and the storage battery (24) across mains (20) and (23).

The resistance device (12) serves as a shunt to part of the resistance (25) by its connection through wires (28) and (29). (30) is a resistance device connected in shunt with the other portion of the resistance (25) as by wires (31) and (32), and in this instance is shown as of the ordinary carbon disk type in which the pressure of the spring (33) adjustable as by the screw (34) tends to compact the carbons so as to reduce the resistance thereof. Pull u on the link (35) tends to move the lever 36) in such manner as to increase the resistance of the device (30). The lever (36) is attached to the core (37) of the solenoid (38) which has a fine winding in shunt across i the battery as by wires (39) and (40). The i lever (36) is provided with an adjusting screw (41) so arranged that when the lever (36) shall have received a predetermined movement screw (41) will have come in contact with the lever (7) so that further movement of the lever (36) will cause further movement of the lever (7 thereby assisting in the increase of resistance in the resistance device (3).

The 0 eration of my impro ed system of electric ighting is substantia ly as follows: E starting with the generator at rest and the 5 various devices in thepositions shown in the drawing. 11" the car starts to move, the arn'zature of the generator (1) will revolve and current will tend to flow through thefield l winding (2) shunt (4) and resistance (3) back to the generator. This will cause the field {to build up in a well known manner, and 1f the speed increase sufficiently to raise the the other terminal 'of which is led lamp or.

led to one terminal of the storage battery (24) this application as itsparticular construction .erator is at rest.

forms no part of my present invention and a good type of switch'for use in this system is shown and described in Patent #7 07 ,7 63 granted to me August 26, 1902. Further increase in the speed will cause current to flow from the generator to the battery (24) and lamps or other translating devices (27) returning to the generator through the lead (20), solenoid (l8) and lead (19). As this current gradually increases, the solenoid (18) by attracting its core (17) against the action of the spring (13) gradually increases the resistance (12) until the same may practically break the circuit through (28) and (29) thereby inserting into the lamp circuit that portion of the resistance (25) which is normally what might be considered shunted out by the resistance devices (12) when the gen By proper adjustment of the s ring (13) the resistance device (12) may I e causedto insert resistance into the lamp circuit to compensate for the rise in voltage necessary to raise the generator outputfrom zero to a desired maximum, and when this maximum is reached any further action of the solenoid (18) due to any increase in current will cause a further movement of the core (17) so as to nxove the lever (7) against the action of spring (5) and increase resistance (3) and thereby cut down the current in the field coil (2) and in that way prevent any appreciable rise in the output of the generator upon further increase in speed. If the batteries have been more or less discharged their voltage will remain constant for some time under the above conditions and then if their charging continues will rise appreciably and if the solenoid (38) be properly designed and the spring (33) pro erly adjusted, as this rise above the normaFvoltage begins to take place the solenoid (38) will move its core (37) so as to move lever (36) against/the action ofthe spring (33) and thus increase the resistance in the larnp.or translating circuit in a well known manner, and will contlnue to increase this resistance so long as the voltage across the batteries continues to increase.

By proper adjustment of the screw (41) the samemay be made to engage the lever (7) so that when the voltage across the battery (24) has reached a predetermined limit, which we may call the normal charged voltage then any further increase in voltage will cause the solenoid (38) to assist the solenoid (18) in moving the lever (7) so as to increase the resistance of the device (3) and cut down the output of the generator or the screw (41) may be backed out so as not to engage the lever (7 in any of its operative ositions if desired and the two solenoids w then perform their functions independently as above outlined in the same manner as if the said connection between the levers (7 and (36) were entirely omitted. The inter-action between solenoids (18) and (38) in controlling the output of the generator is not claimed in this application as the same forms the subject matter of a divisional application filed by me. Now if the generator slow down to such s )eed that its output shall decrease then solenold (18) will allow the core (17) to rise under the'influence of spring (5) and cut resistance out of the field circuit and tend to hold the out ut constant. Further decrease in s eed will cause this action to continue unti the time is reached when there will be no further movement of the lever (7 and then further decrease in s eed will cause a decrease in the resistance 12) in such If; an-

her as to compensate'for the drop in voltage in the lam circuit caused by the generator output falling until the point is reached when the voltage of the generator and battery are practicallyequal, at'which point the switch (22) may open leaving the lamp load entirely on the'storage battery, which if above the normal voltage will supply current to the lamps through the resistance (25) and re sistance (30) at the normal voltage. Now if this load be left upon the batteiy="'for any appreciable time this voltage Will come down to the normal and as it does the solenoid (38) will allow its core (37) to rise under the action of spring (33) and gradually shunt out that portion of the resistance (25) which had previously been inserted to make up for the increase in battery voltage.

In the ordinary operation of this system the resistance (12) operates merely to compensate for the rise in voltage u on the translating circuit which is caused y the rise in voltage of the generator necessary to bring its output from zero to a desired maximum and the reverse, and the resistance (30) compensates for the rise in voltage above the 7 normal due to the continued charging of the battery and under ordinary conditions produces little or no effect in the lamp circuit caused by the fluctuations of current due to changes of the generator output between its predetermined limits of operation.

I 0 not wish in any way to limit myself to a y f the exact constructionsor details sho in the attacheddrawing which is a mere diagrammatic representation of an electric system embodying the essentials of my invention and it is quite obvious that Wide departure in forms of construction may be taken without departing from the scope of my invention.

7 Having thus described my invention what I consider novel and desire to-protect by Letters Patent is as set forth in the following claims: I

1. An electric lighting system comprebending a generator, a storage battery and lamps or other translating devices combined with means for governing the voltage on the translating devices to compensate for a rise' dependent upon the generator output for governing the voltage upon the lamps or translating devices and means dependent upon the voltage of the battery governing the voltage upon the lamps or translating devlces.

3. An electric lighting system comprehending a generator, a storage battery and a translation circuit combined with means whereby an increase in output of the genera tor tends to increase the resistance in the translation circuit and means whereby an increase in voltage across the batte tends to decrease the voltage of the trans ating circuit.

4, An electric lighting system comprehending a generator, a storage battery and lampsor other translating devices combined with a magnetin series with the generator,

means operated by said magnet to increase the resistance of the translation circuit and also to govern the output of the generator, a magnet in shunt to. the storage battery and means whereby said magnet, may alter the voltage upon the lamps or translating devices.

The combination with a generator, a main circuit a storage battery, a work circuit connected therewith and a field energizingcoil for said dynamo, of a magnet the field of which is a function of the current generated, actuating means whereby said magnet varies the voltage upon the Work circuit, a magnet whose operation is a function of the voltage of the storage battery and operating means whereby the voltage upon work'circuit is altered thereby,

6. In an electric lighting system comprehending a generator, a storage-battery, a

work circuit and a generator field circuit the combination with means varying the current in .thefield circuit and a plurality of means altering the voltage upon the work circuit of means the eflectof which is a function of the current generated and operating to actuate one of the voltage varying'means and .the field circuit varying means and electro magnetic means the effect of which is a function of the voltage across the battery circuit operating another of the voltage varying means in the work circuit.

JOHN L. CREVELING.

Witnesses:

CLJ. STOOKLEY,

ALLBEE.

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