US917668A - Superheater. - Google Patents

Description

W. SCHMIDT. SUPERHEATER. APPLICATION FILED DEG.10. 1908.

Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

(Mmm man# W. SCHMIDT.

SUPERHEATER. APPLIOATION FILED 13110.10, 190e.

Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. SCHMIDT.

SUPERHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 10, 1908.

Patented Apr. 6, 1909.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WLueSSes.-

ma 771e ys diiculties have been met with, which it is WILHELM- seiiiiini, or WILHELMSHOEHE, NEAR'eAssEL, GERMANY.

- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 6, 1909.

Application filed December 10, 1908. Serial No. 466,742.

To all who-m it mug/ concern:

Be it known that. l, ll'vimucnu Spinnin', a

'subject of the Emperor of Germany, and

resident of iVilhelinshoclie. near Cassel. Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Supcrheaters Suitable t'or Boilers otf the Locomotive Type, otwliichz the following is a speciticatio i My invention relatesto superhearters specially suitable ki'or use in boilers ot the locomotive type.

In prior pate'nts` I have described 'forms of su ierheaters in which the su perheating tu es were arranged within sonie of the smoke tubes in boilers of the locomotive type.' It has also been proposed to arrange superheaters in the tire-boX of such boilers but in all constructions previously suggested where the Whole or a part of the siiperheatsurface was arranged in the lire-box,

the object of thc present. invention to over- ('Ome.

i `The following specific ends have been sought for in the present. invention. 1. Preventingbnrning of the tubes and tnbejoints during operation or when n'o steam is heilig used; 2. Arranging the superheater so that it doesnot ocenpv too much space or interferewith the eiiciency of the boiler; 3. Providin for eas f renewal re airin' and cleaning of the parts and 4. Avoiding excessive weight.

The above features niust be embodied in one structure if full success is to-be obtained. The object of the present invention therefore, as stated above, is to provide an 1m proved construction of fire-box vsugerheate'r which shall incorporate the above mentioned features. i

in the accompanying` drawings I have shown as examples` several cinbodimentsl 0f my invention, according to which the superheater consists of .stra-ight supcrlieating tubes extending from the smoke-box through enlarged .smoke tubes to the tire-box and thence 1 the smoke tubes; preferably, also, I Vcause the supcrheater tubes to pass eccentrically through the smoke tubes and so as to lie, as

' is shown bythe drawings, closer to the upper wall of said smoke tubes than tothe lower. Below the snperheating tubes in the fire-box a {irc-proof cross wall is arranged forming a the Iiie-l)ox;.tl1e object being to protect the tubes against the direct action ofthe fire and also to lguide. and regulate the How of the lire gases along them, these gases entering by openings in tho cross Wall near the rear ivall of the boiler. the cross wall so that it incloses not only the enlarged smoke tubes buty also a number of ordinary tubes. lthe amount of gases passing through the superheater chamber and thus the ethciency oi' the superheating surface in the chamber foi-mcd in the upper part of the {ire-box can be increased. [n this way I obtain a very e'flicient action of the heating siii'- face within the. chamber so that a high degree otl supe'rhoat may be obtained with a superhcatcr of comparatively small weight and bulk. tubes arranged above the cross wall may be incloscd b v a casing provided with a damper, by thel regulation of which any desired quantity o't gases from zero u wa-rd may be passed through the super-heater chamber and a corresponding degree of superheat obtained. Opposite the passage or passages in the cross Vall protecting means for the-sii- I-ierhoater parts may be arranged.

ln the ,d awings Figure 1 is a. longitudinal section through a locomotive boiler provided witli a superheater and superheater chamber according tothis invention; Fig. 2 is partly an external end view and partly a section on the line Q--Q of Fig. 1;' Fig. 3 is a sectional detail showing thejunction-box for the tube-ends at the back end ofthe boiler; Fig. 4 illustrates the collecting head- .crs or p'i pcs atthe front or smoke-box end ot' the boiler; Fig. 5 illustrates another form of superbleuter; Fig. 6 illustrates a further construction in which the steam is given three The smoke-box ends of the smoke v.supcrheating chamber in the upper part of Bysloping or lowering passes through the length of the boiler; Fig.

7 .is a partly external end view and partly a section on theline 7--7 of Fig. 6; Figs. 8 and 9 are sectional details of the end connection in the case where the steam isgiven three. passes through the boiler, while l-`igs,

10. and ll show. an arrangement which l length of the smoke tubes, d, pass through the upper part of the furnace chamber, e, and connect with end-pipes, f, arranged outside the rear Wall of the boiler. YVhere the superheater tubes pass through the furnace chamber they arev preferably made of thicker lnetal'as indicated in the drawings. By means of the junction-boxes, f, illustrated'in enlarged detail in Fig. 3', a closed passage is provided between the ends of the superhcater tubes, @,a'nd the return superheater tubes, c. The junction-boxes, f, are, as shown, provided with closing plugs, L, by which access to the ends. of the superheater tubes, c vand c can be readily obtained.' Additional access plugs, g, are provided in the back Wall of the boiler for the purpose of enabling the smoke tubes to be cleaned. The tubes, c', lead from the connection, f, back through the furnace chainber, e, and through the smoke tubes, d, to a superheated steamcollecting header, y', arn rangedibeneath the distributing header, b. From the collecting header, j, pipes, s, lead to the engine cylinders. As can be clearly seen from Fig. 2, the superheater tubes, c and c, are arranged eccentrically within the smoke tubes, d, so that the superheater tubes are closer to the upper wall of the smoketubes than to the lower Wall. In this way 'a space is left in the smoke tubes for the passage of soot and cinders and also a freer passage is given to the furnace gases. Where' the superheater tubes, o and c', enter the headers they are provided with shoulders, m, and perforated portions, n, within the header, nuts, 0, being employed for holding the superheater tubes in place. Hy a1'- ranging the collecting headers one above the other inthe manner shown 'a very couvenient construction is obtained which avoids complications in the piping as the superheated Jsteam from the header, j, can be readily led by the downtake pipes, le, to the tween them as can be seen in Fig. 4. This is of importance as the expansion of the tubes, c and c 1s not the same owing to the according to this device, the.

greater temperature ot' the steam passing through the return tubes, c. A

According to this invention, as shown in Figs. l and Q, there is provided within the furnace chamber and above the furnace door, p, a protecting wall, g, composed of' transverse water tubes, 7', expanded. intothe side walls, s, of the furnace and arranged atconvenient distances apart; plugs, t, are provided in the outer boiler shell for obtaining access tothe water tubes, 1". tubes, 1', there are placed fire bricks, u, which are cut away at their lower bottom corners so as to fit between adjacent pairs of tubes. As shown in Figs. l and 2 the wall, g, is-arranged with a slight slope in the length of the boiler and also in the breadth. The slo e of the wall, g, in Fig. l is shown as su Iieient to inclose conveniently any desired number of rows of smoke tubes, o, of .the ordinary size used in.locomotive boilers. In this way a greater proportion of the furnace gases is led through the superheated chamber than through the enlarged smoke tubes, d, and the efficiency of the heating surface in the superheating chamber is thereby in-4 creased. Of course the wall may also be arranged horizontally in the length of t e boiler and still be adapted to inclose a lar er number of smoke tubes-than the number of enlarged smoke tubes. At the front 9nd of the boiler the Vgroup of smoke tube closed oii' by the wall, l, is also closed b/y/aS/casing, y, provided with a damper, In this way a regulatable quantity of furnace gases may be lead through the su perheater chamber in the upper part of the fire box andthe smoke On the water f tubes, d, and o, or rthe flow of furnace gases. i

through the superheater chamber may be 'entirely stopped to meet the requirements at various times. Near the back wall of the boiler where there is left an opening or openings w for the furnace gases to pass through into the superheater chamber there are provided shields, e, for protecting the superheater tubes from direct inipingement by the furnace gases. The shields, z, as shown in Fig. 3, are provided withA passages, 14, which connect. with thimble tubes, 15, placed between the back wall, 16, of the boiler and the inner back wall, 17, of the tire box. It is through the tubes. 15, as can be easily seen from the figures that the superheater tubes, c and c', pass and the size of the tubes. y1.5, is such that a space is left between the exterior of the superheater tubes, '(f, and the pipes, l5. for the passage of air. This air acts as a cooling agent for the shields, e, and for the rear ends of the upper superheating tubes. that according to this construction each ,superhcater element formed vby a pipe, c,

adjacent superheater elements; further. ow-

lt will be seen by means of the access` or sootinmr holes, g,

Fig. Q.. The whole arrangement, as can be readily seen, is very compact and does not interfere with the el'licient Working of the boiler.

It will be understood, of course, that very many modifications might be made withoutv departing from the present invention; thus in Fig. 5, I have illustrated a form in which three rows of enlarged smoke tubes, d,

are provided and three rows of superheater tubes. In this form the boiler steam is also given two passes-through the lenafth of thev boiler, that is-the saturated steam is led from the header, b, throughtthe upper row ot superheater tubes, (f, and then back through l the two lower rows of return tubes, ff. ln this form also the protecting wall, g, may as shown be arranged horizontally and the casing, y, wit-hin the smoltefbox only incloses the enlarged smoke tubes,'d, because where three-'rowslof enlarged smoke tubes are employed. the propel tion of the furnace lgases passing throug'lilthe enlarged smoke tubes may inethis vcase be sutlicient to etticiently utilize the superheatmg surface disposed withln'the superheater chamber.

According to the forni shown in Figs. 6 to 9, three rows of enlarged tubes, d, and

-' three rows of superheater tubes, 00, ci',

are employed andare so arranged as to give the stez'un three passes through the length of.

the boiler, This is accomplished by introducing saturated steam at b', at the back end of the boiler, the-steam then passing by the lowest row of the tubes, 0,410 the smoke-box -end of the boiler Wherea bend, 13is provided to connect the lower row, c, with the P l A/tthe back end of the boiler the middle row f", is connectedto the upper row, c?. by,a conneftioii, if, such as is shown Yin Fig. 7 'and in enlarged detail in Fig. 3.

The superheating tubes. c2, in the uppermost row connect at their front -ends with the super-heated steam header, y", arranc'ed within the smoke box, this connection being' effected for example, in the samel way as has already been described with reference to Fig. 4. From the header, pipes 7c', lead the superheated steam to the engine. In thiscase l have illustrated the protectingV Wall, g, in the fire-box as inclosingonly the enlarged smoke tubes, d, and of course in consequence the casing, y, at the smoke box only incloses the sinolefbox end of these tubes. As in the previously described forms a damper, is provided in the casing, y. In this form of f mv invention' also l have illustrated a moditied form of protecting device for the superheater tubes opposite the opening, w, in the protectingwall through which the furnace dle row, c', and the lower row, c, can be eX- tracted at the smoke-box end after they have been cut olf at their rear ends, so that accessibility for cleaning and repairing is obtained by this construction. l

According to the foini of my invention illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11, the steam is given onlyone pass through the length of the boiler, and for this purpose the superheater tubes all connectat the back end of the boiler with a saturated steam header, b2, and at the front or smoke box end of the boiler with a superheated steam header, jf. lu this case it will be seenthat the steam passes through the superheater tubes, c, in the saine direction /as the furnace gases; otherwise the construction illustrated in yas Figs. 1.0 and 11 is substantially the saine as Q'. In a tube superheater, for use with boilers of the locomotive type, the coinbina-' t-ion of superheatiincy tubes extending' from the smoke box of the boiler through boiler smoke tubes and lire box and through thc, back wall of the boiler, and a protectingr cross wall for said tubes where they pass through. the tire box, said cross wall coinprisinp; sections separated but overlapped to form a passage to the supei'lieater for fire gases while cutting;l ott dii'ect radiation from t-he fire and at least one of sa`iti";u'oss wall sections beine; constituted of transversel water tubes with tire brick laid thereon.

3."In a tube', vsuperheater for use with the ,smoke box of the boiler through boiler smoke tubes and tire boxjand through the vback wally ofthe boiler, a protecting crosswall 4forming a superheating chamber for said tubes where they pass through the tire box, said protecting wall consistingot1 cross water tubes arranged in the upper part of the tire. box and fire bricks resting on saidl Water tubes, av passage or passages for the fire gases being providedat the rear end of said protecting cross-wall, and protecting means for the superheater tubes opposite said passage or passages into the superheating chamber.

4. In a superheater for usein locomotive and like boilers, the combination of a numl ber ot' enlarged upper smoke tubes comprising straight tubes passing through said enlarged smoke tubes and extending from the smoke box through the back end of the boiler, a protecting cross wall provided with a passage or passagesfor furnace gases at the rear end thereof, said cross wall closing oil' a number of upper smoke tubes at least equal to the number of-'enlarged smoke tubes at the upper tire box front-wall, a casing in the smoke box inclosing said number of `upper smoke tubes, and a'damper on said casing forregulating the iiowv offire gases drawn into the superheating chamber and through said inclosed upper smoke tubes.

In a superheater for locomotive and like boilers, the combination of superheater tubes passing through enlarged smoke tubes in the upper part of the boiler, continua'- tions of said superheater tubes passing through the upper partof the fire'box and through the back wall of the boiler, a saturated steam header in the smoke box with which'said superheaterl tubes connect, a set of return superheater tubes arranged simi lary to the above mentioned superlieater tubes, an enld connection for the back wall' ends of said superheater tubes, and a super# heated steam header arranged in the smoke box below said satura-ted steam header and adapted to move relatively thereto and connected with all said returnitubes, substan-V tially as described. i

6. In a. superheater-'or locomotive and like boilers, the combination of enlarged smoke tubes in the upper part of the boiler,

straight superheated tubes passing eccenf trically through the top lrow of enlarged smoke tubes, a saturated steam headeran` ranged in the smoke box, with which said super-heater tubes connect, a thickened continuation of said. superheater tubes passing through the upper parts of the-.lire box and through the lback wall of' the boiler, a set of'similarly arranged return vtubes, an end 'connection for *said superheater tubes, with access holes at thevback end of the boiler, a superheatedsteam header placed in the smoke box *below said saturated steam header and connecting with said return tubes, a protecting cross wall for said super heater ,in the upper" part of the fire box, a

passage orpassages for furnace gases being provided at. the rear end of said -protecting cross wall.

7. In a superheater for locomotive and like boilers, the combination of enlarged smoke tubes in the upper part of the boiler, straight superheater tubes passing through the top row of enlarged smoke tubes, a saturated steam header arranged in the smoke box, with which said super-heater tubes connect, a thickened continuation of said superheater tubes passngthrough the upper part of the firevbox and through the back wall of the boiler, a set of similarly arranged return tubes, an end connection for said superheater tubes at the back end of the boiler, a superheatcd steam header placed in the smoke box below said saturated steam header and connecting with said return tubes, a protecting cross wall provided'with a passage or passages for furnace gases at the rear end thereof, said cross wall closing off a certain number ot the upper smoke tubes in the fire box, a casing in the smoke box inclosing said number of upper smoke tubes. and a' vdamper ci said casing for regulating the i' flow of tire gases drawn into-the superheat-` ing chamber and through said inclosed upper smoke tubes. A

8. In a superheater for locomotive and I like boiler, the combination of three rows of enlarged smoke tubes in the upper part `ofthe boiler, straight 'superheater tubes passing through one row of enlarged smoke tubes, a saturated steam header arranged in the smokebox, with which said superheater tubes connect, a continuation of said superheater tubes passing through the upper part of the tire box and through the back wall of the boiler, two rows of similarly arranged return tubes, an end connection for said superheater tubes at the back end of the A boiler, a superheated steam header placed in the smoke box below said saturated steam header and connecting with said two rows of return tubes.

9. In a superheater for locomotive and like boiler, the combination of three rows of Venlarged smoke tubes in the upper part of the boiler, straight superheatertubes vpassing through one row of enlargedsmoke tubes. a

saturated lsteam header arranged in the Vsmoke box, with which said superheater tubes connect, a continuation of said superheater tubes passing through the upper part ot the fire box and vthrough the back wall of the boiler, two 'rowsof similarly arranged return tubes, an end connection for said superheater tubes at the back end of the boiler, a superheated steam header placed in thesmoke box below said saturated steam header and connecting with said two rows of return tubes, a protecting cross-wall for said superheater in the upper part of the tire sov comprising water tubes, a passage or passages being provided for the lire gases at the rear end of said protecting cross Wall.

l0. In a superheater for locomotive and .like boilers, the combination of three rows of of the ire box and through the back Wall of the boiler, two rows of similarly arranged return tubes, an end connection for said snperheater tubes at the back end of the 4 boiler, a superheated steam header placed in the smoke box below said saturated steam header and connecting with said two rows of return tubes, a protecting cross-wall having a passage or passages for furnace gases at the rear end thereof closing olf' said three rows of enlarged smoke tubes in the lire box, a casing in the smoke box inclosing said enlarged smoke tubes, and a damper on said easing for regulating the flow of lire gas drawn into the superheating chamber and through said inclosed smoke tubes. Y

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of t-Wo subscribing witnesses.

WILHELM SCHMIDT.

VVituesses J ULiUs FRANKE, GUsTAv Barrie.

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