US914168A - Device for controlling hydraulic-pressure generation. - Google Patents

Description

J. W. NELSON. DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING HYDRAULIG PRESSURE GENERATION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 26, 1908.

914,168. 7 Patented Mar.'2, 1909.

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I J. w. NELSON. DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING HYDRAULIC PRESSURE GENERATION. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 26, 1908.

914,168. Patented Mar. 2, 190

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it d ll ldli ll JAMES W. NELSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Application filed February 26, 1908.

Specification of Letters Eatent.

Patented March 2, 1909.

Serial Ho. 17,805.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, JAMns W. NELSON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Devices for Controlling Hydraulic-Pressure Generation, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to devices for generating and applying hydraulic pressure, with more particular reference to devices of this character adapted for use in what may be termed close quarters, as, for instance, where it is necessary to excavate under foru'idations of a building the foundation supports of which must be jacked up and supported upon suitable crossbraces in order to remove the earth from below the same and provide some different form or character of sub-structure. It will be apparent that under such conditions the ordinary type of self-contained hydraulic jack .vill not meet the requirements, inasmuch as such a device must be located immediately below the point to be raised and supported, in which location it would interfere with the progress of the excavation and the formation of the required new substructure. For the pur poses mentioned, a suitable cross-brace must be provided which is long enough so that when supported at each end ample space is provided between said ends to carry on the work of excavation and the provision of the new under pinning. The supporting and raising of this cross-brace, which carries the load, and almost invariably an exceedingly heavy load, being at the end thereof, it will be apparent that not only must a pair of rains or other pressure applying devices be employed, but the pressure must be exactly the same at each end of said support. The objections to the employment of two separate self-contained hydraulic jacks under such conditions, are, first, the impossibility of insuring the generation of equal pressures by two operators each individually actuating a separate pumping mechanism, and, second, the fact that these rams or pressure applying devices must at times be located within such small and confined space that there is no room for the operation of a pump. Such conditions render desirable the employment of pumping or pressure generating mechanism entirely separate from the rams or pressure applying devices, and in connection therewith not only means which will insure equal pressures at the points of application, but means located at a point where the prog ress and effect of the work may be at all times readily noted for the immediate control of the effect of the pumping operations and the simultaneous relief of the pressures at the points of application when desired. Furthermore, it will be apparent that for any such purposes as above briefly outlined, exceedingly powerful pressure generating mechanisms must be employed.

The present invention, therefore, contemplates the employment of a single doublepiston pump, which may be located at some distance from the points at which it is de sired to apply the pressure, a plurality usually twoof rams or pressure applying devices, suitable connecting conduits therebetween, and a separate body or member, located in a position where all of the pressure applying devices may be under constant inspection, through which said conduits are directed and which is provided with means normally rendering effective the operations of both pistons in said pump and equally distributing the generated pressures between the points of application, and operable, first, to render the larger piston effectively ino era tive; second, to render both pistons e ectively inoperative, and third, to simultaneously relieve the applied pressures.

In a copending application filed January 21, 1908, Serial Number 412,026, I have shown and described an apparatus of this general type in which a simple single-piston pump is employed. While such an apparatus may be as powerful as the one herein shown and described, it lacks the manifest advantages due to the employment of a plurality of pistons for rapidly raising the rams to the point where they receive the full Weight of the load, and thereafter rendering all but the smallest piston effectively inoperativc, whereby the pressure generated is increased at a sacrifice of speed in the moving 1 rams. It will beapparent that the employment of two or more pistons renders necessary a very different arrangement of valves and ducts in the pressure controlling member and distinctive means for the manual control of said valves. In another copending application, filed January 20, 1908, Serial l N umber 411,612, I have shown and described a controlling member adapted to be 1nterlposed between a double-pump hydraulic ressure generator and a plurality of devices for applying the generatedpressures, such member being operable in any position of adjustment or inclination. In order to avail myself of the advantages of valves which are downwardly seating, and for other reasons which the description of the present inve n tion will make clear, I have now in mind the employment of valves which are invariably vertically acting and downwardly seating, the valve container being provided with means for retaining the same in proper posi tion for this purpose.

My invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, partly in section, of a complete apparatus embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged central section of the valve containing and pressure controlling member, and Fig. 3 is a reduced fragmentary transverse section of the lower portion of Fig. 2.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, numeral 7 refers to a stationary pum -blocl preferably mounted upon a suitab e baseplate 8. This pump block 7 is provided with a central pump-bore comprising the upper and larger portion 9 and the lower and smaller portion 10. A piston-rod 11 projects into said bore and is provided with a piston 12 fitting and adapted to reciprocate in the larger portion 9 of said bore, from which piston 12 projects an extension 13 of said pistonrod, carrying at its end the piston 14 fitting and adapted to reciprocate in the portion 10 of said pump-bore. The piston-rod 11 is adapted to be vertically reciprocated in the usual manner by means of the pump-lever 15.

From the bottom of the upper and larger portion 9 of the pump-bore, leads a lateral duct 16 to the coupling or connection 17 secured in the end of said duct which is therethrough open to the pipe 18. From the bottom of the smaller portion 10 of said pumpbore leads the duct 19, similarly communicating through the coupling 20 with the pipe 21. Except for the ducts 16 and 19 the pump-bore is closed.

The pipes 18 and 21 lead to a preferably cylindrically shaped member 22, suitably mounted upon a heavy supporting base or standard 23 which insures the retaining of the member 22 in a substantially vertical position under any ordinary conditions of operation. The bottom of the member 22 is provided with a large central bore 24, the lower end of which is closed and sealed by means of the screw-plug 25. A smaller central bore extends from the top of said member 22 to the bore or chamber 24. This smaller bore is of varying diameters, the lower portion 26 thereof being of smallest diameter, which is increased at 27 to provide a seat for the valve 28 which has a stem 29 projecting downwardly and extending into the bore 24. The diameter of the portion 30 of this smaller bore above the valve 28 is at 31 again increased to provide a seat for the valve 32 which has a stem 33 projecting downwardly and extending nearly but under normal con ditions not quite to the valve 28. tion 34 of this bore above the valve 32 is preferably reduced in effective diameter by means of a removable cylindrical plug 35, the top of which forms a seat for a valve 36 which has a stem 37 projecting downwardly and extending nearly but under normal conditions not quite to the valve 32. Above the valve 36, the bore is again increased in diameter to provide a chamber 38 in which may be placed a spring 39 exerting a yielding force against the valve '36 which constantly tends to firmly seat the same. The top of the bore above the chamber 38 is closed and sealed by means of a suitable screw-plug 40.

From the portion 30 of the valve bore, between the valves 32 and 28, leads a lateral duct 41 to and through the arm 42 to which is secured the coupling or connection 43 at the end of the pipe 18. From the portion 34 of said bore, between the valves 36 and 32, leads a lateral duct 44 to and through the arm 45 which similarly carries the connection 46 at the end of the pipe 21. It will therefore be seen that the pipe 18 provides for the flow of liquid to and from the portion 30 of the valve bore between the valve 32 and 28, and the pipe 21 provides for the flow of liquid to and from the portion 34 of said bore between the valves 36 and 32. From the chamber 38 at the top of said bore leads the lateral duct 47 to and through the arm 48 which carries the coupling or connection 49 at one end of the pipe 50. The other end of the pipe 50 is provided with, a similar coupling or connection 51 secured to the The por-' ram cylinder 52 and afiording communication from said pipe through the duct 53 in said cylinder to the pressure-chamber 54 below the ram 55. From said chamber 38 similarly leads the duct 56 to and through the arm 57 which carries the cou ling 58 at the end of the pipe 59. At the ot er end of said pipe 59 a coupling 60 is provided to secure the same to the ram cylinder 61 and aflord communication in a precisely similar manner to the pressure-chamber below the ram 62.

The body or member 22 is further provided with an interiorly screw-threaded lateral aperture to the bore 24, in which is inserted the correspondingly threaded screwplug 63. This plug provides bearings for the shaft 64, at the inner end of which is mounted the cam 65 located in cooperative positional relation to the lower end of the stem 29 of the valve 28. ditions, this cam is non-interferent with automatic action of the valve 28 and, there'- fore, with any of the valves in the valvebore. At the exterior end of the shaft 64, is provided a head 66 in which is mounted the end of the lever 67 by means of which said shaft 64 may be rotated and said cam thereby operated to raise the valve 28 through said stem 29 through a greater or less distance, as may be desired.

From the bore 24 leads a lateral duct 68 to and through the nipple 69 to which may be suitably secured the preferably rubber or other flexible tube or hose 7 0 leading to any convenient source of liquid supply.

It will now be apparent that with the various parts in the positions of adjustment indicated in the drawings, upon the upstroke of the pump-lever 15 and therewith both pistons in the pump-bore, partial vacuum will be created in both pumpchambers underneath said pistons, and the unequal pressures thus created will result in the now of liquid from the source of supply into the bore 24: and thence upwardly through the portion 26 of the valve bore and past the valve 28, which is easily unseated. At this point, obviously, the flow is divided, part thereof being directed through the duct 41, and thence through the pipe 18 to the chamber 9 below the larger piston, and part thereof continuing its upward movement through the portion 30 of the valvebore and past the valve 32, which is easily unseated, and thence through the duct 44 and the pipe 21 to the chamber 10 below the smaller piston. Upon the down-stroke of said pump-lever, the liquid in both pump chambers will be forced back through the pipes 18 and 21, the excess of pressure, assisted by the force of gravity, firmly seating the valve 28 against back-flow to the bore 24 and therefore to the source of supply, the liquid being directed upwardly through the valve-bore past the valve 36, into the chamber 88 and thence under equal pressures through the pipe 50 and 59 to the ultimate pressure chambers underneath the rams 65 and 62, respectively. .lt will be apparent that under such conditions, the largest possible volume of liquid is forced to the ram chambers and, therefore, the rams will be raised at the maximum rate of speed to the point of actual contact with the work. It will then doubtless be desirable to sacrifice speed for power, which may be done, as is well known, by rendering operations of the larger piston effectively inoperative. To accomplish this purpose, the operator stationed at the location of the member or body 22 and who, as has been explained, is in position to note the progress and effect of the work, will turn the lever 67 through an are sufficient to cause the cam 65 to impinge against the stem 29 and raise the same to positively unseat the valve 28, without, however, interfering in any way with automatic action of any of the remaining valves in the series. It will now be apparent that upon upstroke of the pump-lever 15, liquid will similarly be drawn into both pump chambers. Upon the down-stroke of said lever, however the liquid in the upper and larger chamber 9, instead of being forced upwardly through the upper portion of the valve-bore, the valve 28 being held off its seat, will follow the path of least resistance and return to the bore 24 and thence to the source of supply. In other words, the valve .28 being held off its seat, the liquid drawn into and forced out of the chamber 9 will merely flow back and forth between said chamber and the source of supply. It will be seen, however, that the operation of the smaller piston remains effective, automatic action of the valve 32 not having been interferred with and said valve, therefore, checking back flow from' the smaller pump-chamber 10 to the source of supply. In this manner the pump may be made to generate the maximum degree of power of which the same is capable under the wellknown principles of hydrostatics. It will undoubtedly be at times desirable to check the application of increased pressure, as under conditions where it is impossible or impracticable to signal to the operator at the pump and, therefore, without terminating the pumping operations. Under such circumstances, the operator at the member 22 will turn the lever 67 through a slightly greater are, raising the valve 28 a greater distance, sufficient to cause the latter to im pinge against the stem 33 of the valve 32 and positively unseat the latter, without, however, in'terfering with automatic action in the final pressure valve 36. Under these conditions, it will be apparent that operations of both pistons have been rendered ineffective, the liquid from both pump chambers flowing idly back and forth to and from the source of supply, the pressure in the ram chambers being retained but not being augmented. When the desired work has been done and the raised load has been suitably supported, and it is desired to lower the rams for another lifting operation or to remove the same, the operator at the member 22 will turn the lever 67 through a still greater are, sufficient to cause the valve 32 to impinge against the stem 37 of the valve 36 and positively unseat the latter, thus opening a passage from both ram-chambers back to the source of supply and this irrespective of the cessation or continuance of the pumping operations. The pressure being thus relieved in the ram chambers, the rams will be lowered under the forces of gravity, and these applying devices may be removed or readjusted for another operation.

Many modifications of minor details of my improved device for controlling hydraulic pressure generation will doubtless readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art to which it appertains, and I therefore do not desire to limit my invention to the specific construction, arrangement and relation of parts herein shown and described.

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In combination, a multiple pump and means separate therefrom for jointly or severally applying the pressures generated there by, the pump valves seating downwardly in an individually-movable fitting.

2. In combination, a multiple pump, means separate therefrom. for jointly or sev orally applying the pressures generated thereby, the pump valves seating downwardly in an individually-movable fitting, and means for retaining said fitting in a proper vertical position during operation of the device.

'3. In combination, a double pump, means separate therefrom for jointly or severally applying the pressures generated thereby, the pump valves seating downwardly in an individually-movable fitting, and means for retaining said fitting in a proper vertical position during operation of the device.

4. In combination, a multiple pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, the pump valves seating downwardly in an individually-movable fitting, and means for controlling said valves to render one or more of said pumps inoperative.

ination, a double pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, the pump valves seating downwardly in an individually-movable fitting, and means for controlling said valves to render one or both of said pumps inoperaative.

6. In combination, a multiple pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, the pump valves seating downwardly in an individually-movable fitting which is provided with means for retaining the same in a proper vertical position during operation of the device, and means for controlling said valves to render one or more of said pumps inoperative.

7. In combination, a double pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, the pump valves seating downwardly in an individually-movable fitting which is provided with means for retaining the same in a proper vertical position during operation oi the device, and means for controlling said valves to render one or both of said pumps inoperative.

8. In combination, a multiple pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, the pump valves being arranged in a single series and downwardly seating in an individually-movable fitting, and means for positively unseating the lowest of said valves, said means being further operable to unseat the remaining valves in said series consecutively.

9. In combination, a double pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, an individually-movable fitting having a series of three downwardlyseating pump-controlling valves, and means for positively unseating the lowest valve, said means being further operable to unseat the remaining valves consecutively.

10. In combination, a multiple pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, the pump valves being arranged in a single series and downwardly seating in an individually-movable fitting, means for positively unseating the lowest of said valves, said means being further operable to unseat the remaining valves in said series consecutively, and means for insuring vertical operation of the valves during use of the device.

11. In combination, a double pump, means separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, an individually-movable fitting having a series of three downwardlyseating pump-controlling valves, means for positively unseating the lowest valve, said means being further operable to unseat the remaining valves consecutively, and means for insuring vertical operation of said valves during use of the device.

12. In combination, a multiple pump, a ram cylinder and ram, a suitable connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber which conduits unite in an individually-movable fitting, said fitting containing all pump and pressure valves, and means for supplying liquid to the pump chambers through said fitting from a point below said valves which seat downwardly in said. fitting.

13. In combination, a multiple pump, a ram cylinder and ram, a suitable connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber which conduits unite in an individually-movable member, said member containing all pump and ressure valves and means for their manna control, and means for supplying liquid to the pump chamber through said member from a oint below said valves which seat downwarr ly in said member.

14. In combination, a multiple pump, a rain cylinder and ram, a flexible connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber, said conduits uniting in an individually-movable member in which is located a series of downwardly-seating pump and pressure valves, means for controlling said valves, and means for supplyin liquid to the pump chambers through said member from a point below said valves.

15. In combination, a multiple pump, a ram cylinder and ram, a flexible connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber, said conduits uniting in an individually-movable member in which is located a series of downwardly-seating pump and pressure valves, means for controlling said valves, means for supplying liq uid to the pump chambers through said member from a point below said valves, and means for securing vertical operation of said valves during use of the device.

16. In combination, a multiple pump, a ram cylinder and ram, a suitable connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber, said conduits uniting in a single bore through an individuallymovable member, a series of downwardlyseating pump and pressure controlling valves in said bore, means for rendering one or more of said valves inoperative, and means for supplying liquid to the pump chambers through said bore from a point below said valves.

17. In combination, a multiple pump, a ram cylinder and ram, a suitable connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber, said conduits uniting in a single bore through an individuallymovable member, a series of downwardlyseating pump and pressure controlling valves in said bore, means for rendering one or more of said valves inoperative, means for supplying liquid to the pump chambers through said bore from a point below said valves, and means for securing vertical operation of said valves during use of the device.

18. In combination, a double pump, a re. n cylinder and ram, a suitable connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber, said conduits uniting in a single bore through an individually-movable fitting, a series of three valves in said bore, the lowest checking back flow from one p ump chamber, the highest checking back flow from the ram chamber, and the intermediate valve checking back flow from the other pump chamber, and means for successively unseating said valves from the lowest to the highest in order.

19. In combination, a double pump, a ram cylinder and ram, a suitable connecting conduit from each of the pump chambers and to the ram chamber, said conduits uniting in a single bore through an individually-movable fitting, a series of three valves in said bore, the lowest checking back flow from one pump chamber, the highest checking back flow from the ram chamber, and the intermediate valve checking back flow from the other pump chamber, means for successively unseating said valves from the lowest to the highest in order, and means for insuring ver tical o eration of said valves during operation 0 the device.

20. In combination, a plurality of means having common actuating means for generating hydraulic pressure, a separate device for applying the generated pressures, connecting conduits therebetween which unite in a single conduit, means for insuring the retaining of said single conduit in a substantially vertical position during use of the device, a series of downwardly-seating pump and pressure valves in said single conduit, and means for controlling said valves to render one of said generating means inoperative.

21. In combination, a plurality of means having common actuating means for generating hydraulic pressure, a separate device for applying the generated pressures, connecting conduits therebetween which unite in a single conduit, means for insuring the retaining of said single conduit in a substantially vertical position during use of the device, a series of downwardly-seating pump and pressure valves in said single conduit, and means for controlling said valves to render one or more of said generating means inoperative.

22. In combination, a plurality of means having common actuating means for generating hydraulic pressure, a separate device for applying the generated pressures, connecting conduits therebetween which unite in a single conduit, means for insuring the retaining of said single conduit in a substantially vertical position during use of the device, a series or"- downwardly-seating pump and pressure valves in said single conduit, and means for controlling said valves to render one or all of said generating means inoperative.

23. In combination, a plurality of means having common actuating means for generating hydraulic pressure, a separate device for applying the generated pressures, connecting conduits therebetweeii which unite in a single conduit, means for insuring the retaining oi said single conduit in a substantially vertical position during use of the device, a series of downwardly-seating pump and pressure valves in said single conduit, and means for controlling said valves to render one or more of said generating means inoperative and for relieving the pressure at the point of applica tion.

24. In combination, a plurality of mechanisms having common actuating means for generating hydraulic pressures, a plurality of devices separate therefrom for applying the generated pressures, suitable conduits between said elements which unite in a single conduit, a series of downwardly-seating pump and pressure valves in said single conduit, means "for maintaining said single conduit in a substantially vertical position during use of the device, and means for controlling said valves to render one of said generating mechanisms inoperative.

25. In combination, a plurality of means raving common actuating means for generating hydraulic pressures, a plurality of devices separate therefrom ior applying the generated pressures, suitable conduits between said elements which unite in a single conduit, a series of doWnWardlyseating pump and pressure valves in said single conduit, means for maintaining said single conduit in a substantially vertical position dur ing use of the device, and means for controlling said valves to render one or more of said generating means inoperative.

26. In combination, a plurality of means having common actuating means for generating hydraulic pressures, a plurality of devices separate therefrom for applying 'the generated pressures, suitable conduits be-, tween said elements which unite in a single conduit, a series of doWnWardlyseating pump and pressure valves in said single conduit, means for maintaining said single conduit in a substantially vertical position during use of the device, and means for controlling said valves to render one or more of said generating means inoperative and for relieving the pressure at the points of application.

JAMES W. NELSON.

Witnesses:

H. CROOKER, JAs. MOORE.

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