US913928A - Rock-drill. - Google Patents

Description

J. A. TRAYLOR.

BooK DRILL.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 27.1908.

Patented Mar. 2, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Il! m 1": 27.21'. Lai; L i; 2- -21 JOHN A. TRAYLOR, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

ROCK-DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March, 1909.

Application filed April 27, 1908. Serial No. 429,442.

To allwhom fit may concern.'

Be it known that l, Jol-IN A. TRAYLOR, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented a new and useful Rock-Drill, of which the following is a specification.

Y My invention relates to improvements in rock drills,and the objects of my invention are: First, to provide a rock drill in which the drill bit is arranged to be moved by the actuating fluid of the drill against the rock being drilled, and held there until struck by each ofy the reciprocal strokes of the hammerpiston. Second, to provide a valve controlled and actuating fluid reciprocal movement drill bit and chuck for rock drills that moves the drill bit against the rock and holds it there until struck by the hammer iston. And third, to provide a sim )le an( positively operating valve controlled reciprocal movement drill bit that is adapted to be moved by an independent supply of expansive fluid from that which operates the hammer piston against the rock being drilled and to be rotated step by step by the reciprocal movements of said chuck during the reciprocal movements of said drill bit to and from the rock being drilled. l attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a lan view of the improved rock drilling engine. Fig. 2, is a vertical, longitudinal, sectional view thereof. Fig. 3, is a similar view omitting the support and feed screw, and showing the piston hammer, drill chuck, an'l chuck-actuating valve, in dierent relative positions to what are shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 4, is a vertical, transverse, sectional view on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5, is a front end view of the engine. And Fig. 6, is an enlarged transverse sectional view on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1, designates a casing which is provided with an axial bore from the rear of two different diameters. These bores are adapted to form a hammer' piston receiving cylinder' and a drill bit holding chuck chamber, he hammer piston receiving cylinder is provided with a series of circumferential recessed chambers 3, 4, 5, and 6. A cylinder head 7 is secured to the rear end of the cylinder', which preferably consists of a tapering flanged plug, which is threaded to the interior thereof, the hanged portion of which is screwed against the end of the casing, and a wrench receiving hub 8 is formed on the end by which it may be screwed into and out of the casing. A hammer piston 10, which is also made in two different diameters, is reciprocally mounted in said cylinders bore.

The largest bore of the cylinder and the largest diameter of the piston hammer, are at the rear end of the cylinder. The hammer piston has an axial bore 11, which extends into it from its rear end portion to close to its front end. Two circumferential rows of ports 12 and 13 are formed through the shell of the hammer piston into its axial bore 11, at its front end portion, and also at its rear end portion. The two diameter-sof the hammer iston are arranged to form a square shoul er 14, at a short distance from its rear end, which is the largest portion of it. The chamber 3, is `formed in the wall of the bore ol the cylinder at its rear end, and registers with the largest portion of the hammer piston and with its ports 12. The cylinder chamber 4, is positioned in the cylinder to register with the shoulder 14, and the cylinder chambers 5 and 6 are positioned to register with the front end portion of the hammer piston and its port holes 13. The casing is also provided with an axial bore 15, which enters its front end, which end is provided with a flange 17. At the bottom of the bore 15, an axial bore 1S is formed, which is of slightly smaller diameter than the bore 15, and in the casing at the bottom of the bore 18, a still smaller axial bore 19, is formed, that extends through the center of the cylinder into the chamber 6. Port apertures 20, 21, and 22 are formed through the top of the shell of the cylinder, over which a valve chest 23 is placed, and is secured to the casing in any desired manner, but preferably by being bolted thereto by cap screws 24, which extend loosely through lug portions 25, formed on the valve chest and screw into threaded apertures formed in the shell of the casing. The casing is provided with a threaded air inlet port aperture 26, which extends through its shell into the chamber 5.

The opposite lower side portions of the casing are provided with guideways 27, which fit slidably into a pair of slideways 28 formed in the opposite side walls of a shell 29, which forms a sup ort for the casing. The bottom of this shel is provided with a dove-tailed hub 30, vliich is adapted to be clamped to a chuck that forms a part of a stopping bar or of a tripod. l do not illustrate either the chuck or the stopping bar or the tripod, as they do not form any part of my invention.

The bottom of the rear end of the casing is provided with a depending lug which is provided with a threaded aperture in which a threaded feed screw is threaded to extend along the under side of the casing and into and through the shell to its forward end, to which it is rotatably secured in an T suitable manner, preferably by means of reducing its end.

A iianged bushing 31, is inserted in the axial bore 15, at the front end of the casing, the flanged portion of which bears against the flange 17 at the end oi the casing. rl`his bushing is provided with an axial bore 31A, which is smaller in diameter than the adj acent axial bore 18, of the casing. rlhis flanged bushing abuts against a square shoulder 15A, formed at the bottom of the axial bore 15, in the end of the casing, and a cylinder head 32, which l term the front cylinder head, is bolted to the flange 17 of the front end of the casing. This cylinder head is provided with a hub portion 33, which projects outward from the cylinder head, and which is provided with an axial bore 34, which is oi the saine diameter as the axial bore in the bushing. The axial bore 19, of the casing, is also preferably of the same diameter as the bores 31A and 34, and in them a drill holding chuck 35, is reciprocally fitted. This chuck comprises a cylindrical sleeve which is long enough to lit in these bores, and to extend outward beyond the front end of the hub of the cylinder head a short distance. A collar portion 36 is formed on its inner end portion, which iits reciprocally in the axial bore 18 of the casing. The rear end of this chuck sleeve reciprocates through the aperture 19 -mto'the chamber 6, but its end moves wholly into the aperture 19, when at the end of its forward stroke, out of the way of the reciprocal strokes of the piston hammer.

The ports 21 and 22 register with the opposite end portions of the port 13, and these two ports register with ports 38 and 39 formed in the center and iront end portions of the valve chest, While the port 2O registers with a port 40 formed in the rear end of the valve chest. The valve chest is provided with a cylindrical bore or valve seat 42, in which a stem shaped valve 43 is reciprocally mounted.

A concentrically arranged chamber 43A is formed at the rear end of the valve seat, and an enlarged collar or head portion 43B is formed on the valve, which 'fits reciprocally in this chamber. The valve is also provided with two reduced neck portions 44 and 45, which form ports between its head portion and its opposite end, which are positioned at equal distances apart of the length of the valve stem. The port 45, registers alternately with the two branches 46B and 46C, of an interiorly threaded inlet port 46, w Lich is formed in a hub 46A, upon the top of the valve chest, the port 46 being connected by a pipe or hose (not shown) with a -source of actuating fluid. The port 44 registers intermittently with an exhaust port 47, which int'ersects the bore or valve seat 43, and which connects the port 3S with the atmosphere. The branch port 46B is in line with a port 49, at the forward end of the port 33, and when the valve 43 is in the position shown in Fig. 2, its port 45 will connect the ports 49 and 46B. The branch port 46C is inline with a port 50 at the rear ond of the port 39, and when the valve 43 is in the position shown in Fig. 3, its port 45 will connect the ports 50 and 46C. An exn haust port 51 intersects the bore or valve seat 42, of the valve chest, and connects the port 39 with the atmosphere, this port being at the forward end of the valve chest in line with the port 22. A port 52 is also formed in the wall of the valve chest, and connects the forv-.f'ard end of the valve chest bore with the port or chamber 18, at a point about midway of the length of the chamber. A small exhaust or vent port 53 at the rear end oi the valve chest chamber 43A, connects the said chamber with the atmosphere, and a large exhaust port 54, wnich is controlled by the valve head 43B, connects the forward end of the chamber 43" with the atmosphere. The opposite ends or" the valve seat ore are closed by wrench receiving plugs 55, and 56, which are secured to them. ln the front cylinder head an axial chamber or recess 57 is formed, in which a ratchet wheel 58 is rotatably seated, and a plurality of pawl-receiving recesses 59 open into the recess 57, in which spring actuated pawls 60 are journaled by means ci trunnion pins 61, which project from their sides into bearing holes formed in the faces of the pawl receiving recesses, which pawls engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel.

The ratchet wheel is formed with an axial bore, upon the surface oi' which is iormed a plurality of inwardly projecting radially disposed teeth 63, which tit into spiral grooves 64, formed in the surface of the chuck sleeve 35, loose enough to permit the spirally luted chuck sleeve portion to reciprocate in the bore of the ratchet wheel. The chuck is provided with an axial bore, which may be round or of any polygonal shape and which is adapted to receive loosely the shank end of a drill bit 66, which eXtends through the sleeve and a short distance beyond it into the reciprocal path of the iston hammer. The outer end of this ehuc is provided with a split clamping collar 67, which is secured to it preferably by being keyed to it by a projection 68, in the bore of the split collar, which extends into a recess 69 formed in the sleeve. The collar has extended apertured ears 70, through which passes a clamping bolt 71, by which they may ybe drawn together and be thus tightened on the sleeve. This split collar projects beyond the end of the chuck and is provided with an axial bore adapted to rcceive an enlarged head or collar portion 72, formed on the shank of the drill bit, and which is adapted to le inserted in the 'sore of the collar and pressed against the end of the sleeve and then clamped to the split collar by tightening u its clamping bolt, which causes the split colfir to grip the head or collar portion of the drill-bit.

The operation of my improved reciprocating movement drill bit holding chuck is as follows: Air is admitted to the chamber 5 through a hose that is connected at one end "to the inlet aperture 26 of this chamberand that is connected to a supply of air under pressure at its opposite end. This air pressure acting against the shoulder 14 of the hammer piston, moves the hammer piston rearward, which movement brings its ports 13 to register with this inlet chamber 5, and allows the air to flow into the hammer piston to its rear end and against the rear end of the cylinder, where the area of pressure against the rear end of the hammer is so much greater than at the shoulder 14 that the piston hammer is driven forward and strikes the end of the drill bit. The air then exhausts through the ports 13 into the chamber 6, and from it through the ports 2O and 54 to the atmosphere. The operation of the chuck is as follows: The chuck is represented in Fig. 2 in its forward position, in which position the drill bit is held against the rock by the fluid pressure in the chamber 18, back ofthe piston collar portion of the chuck. The piston hammer is at its extreme rearward position and beginning its forward stroke. The valve 43 is at the rear of its rearward position and has closed the exhaust port 54, permitting the actuating fluid to enter the ports 46B and 49 through the ports 38 and 21 into the chamber 18, where it acts against the piston collar 36 of the chuck and holds it forward at the end of the forward stroke of the hammer piston. The valve 43 is forced forward by the exhaust air flowing from the hammer piston into chamber 6, and ports 2O and 40 into chamber 43A, at the rear end of the valve chest, where it acts on the valve and moves it forward to the forward end of its seat, until the port 45 of the valve registers with the port 50, which permits thc' air to l flow into ports 39 and 22, to chamber 18, and acting against the piston collar moves the chuck to its rearward position, the air on the rear side of the collar escaping through ports 21 and 47, the valve port 44, being in line with the port 47, and as the piston collar passes the port 52, the air enters the said port and `flows to the front end of the valve chest, moving the valve to its rear position which opens the ports 46 and 49, permitting the air to again enter the chamber 18 through the port 2 1, and acting upon the collar 36, again forces the chuck and drill bit forward, holding the bit against the rock until the hammer piston strikes it. The port 53 allows the air in chaml'er 6 to escape, as the piston hammer moves forward, without moving the valve 43, but it is not large enough to prevent the general volume of exhaust from the iston hammer from moving the valve. As tie chuck is moved rearward, the spiral grooves 64, engaging the teeth 63, cause the chuck to turn axially a slight distance, as the ratchet wheel is locked by its pawls, but when the chuck is moved forward, the ratchet wheel slips the pawls, and the chuck does not turn. By this arrangement the complicated mechanism usually employed for turning the drill is dispensed with, and the construction of the drill is thereby simpli'fied.

My invention is simple and positive in its operation of moving the drill bit against the face of the rock and holding it there until the hammer piston strikes it, and thus enables more effective blows to be struck the drill bit, and consequently enables the drill to drill faster and to keep in good rock drilling order longer than is possible with a drill bit that is away from the rock when the hannncr piston strikes it.

Having described my invention, what .l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. ln a rock drill, a casing provided with a hammer piston cylinder and a chuck cylinder, and actuating fluid ports, with a hammer piston reciproeally mounted in said hammer piston cylinder, a chuck reciprocally mounted in said chuck cylinder, a drill bit secured to said chuck and arranged to project into the reciprocal path of said hammer piston, a valve reciprocally mounted in said cylinder in operative relation to said hammer piston and to said chuck, and means whereby said valve and hannncr piston and chuck are connected with a supply of actuating 'fluid for reciprocating said hammer piston and valve and chuck to operatively move said drill bit against the rock being drilled, and holding it there until after it is struck by said hammer piston at each of its reciprocal strokes.

2. In a rock drill, a casing, a cylinder, a hammer piston cylinder and a hammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, a chuck chamber in said casing, a chuck reciprocally mounted in said chuck chamber, a drill bit secured to said chuck in position to be struck by said hammer piston and arranged in operative drilling relation to rock, a valve chest and a valve operatively connected to said cylinder and chuck chamber, means whereby a supply of actuating fluid is conveyed to said hammer piston and said chuck to move said drill bit and hold it by the pressure of said actuating -fluid against the rock being drilled until struck by said hammer piston.

3. ln a rock drill, a cylinder provided with a piston chamber, a hammer piston mounted in said chamber, a drill holding chuck chamber in said cylinder, a drill holding chuck in said chuck chamber, a drill bit in said chuck projecting into the reciprocal path of said hammer piston, a piston collar on said chuck, a valve chest on said cylinder, a valve in sain valve chest, provided v-Jith a system of actuating fluid ports extending from said valve and valve chest through said cylinder to said chucks chamber and piston collar, and means for securing said drill bit to said chuck, and a port extending through said cylinder from said valve to said ham' ier piston, whereby reciprocal movement of said valve effects reciprocal movement of said chuck and drill bit.

ln a rock drill, the combination vvith a casing provided with a hammer piston cylinder and. a drill bit holding chuck cylinder, said cylinders being provided vfith an operative hammer piston and a drill bit holding chuck respectively mounted in said cylinders, of a drill bit arranged in said chuck in operative relation to rock and projecting into the reciprocal path of said hammer piston, a valve chest on said casing, a valve reciprocally mounted in said valve chest in said casing, said valve being provided with a series ofl ports connecting said hammer piston to said valve and said valve to said chuck whereby reciprocal movement of said hammer piston effects reciprocal movement of said valve and of said chuck to move said drill bit against the rock being drilled and holds it there until struck by the said hamm er piston.

5. ln a rock drill, the combination of the casing provided with the piston and chuck cylinders, with the hammer piston and a drill bit holding chuck reciprocally mounted in said cylinders, a drill bit removably secured to said chuck and arranged to project into the reciprocal path of said piston hammer, a valve chest on the cylinder and a valve reciprocally mounted in said chest, said. valve chest and casing being provided with ports extending from said valve and valve chest to said chuck and hammer piston, said hammer piston being provided with an actuating fluid supply inlet to said hammer piston, said valve chest being also provided vv ith an actuating fluid inlet port to said valve independent of said actuating fluid inlet to said hammer piston, arranged to permit said actuating fluid to reciprocate said valve, and means connected to said chuck whereby the reciprocation of said valve by said actuating fluid effects reciprocation of said chuck and moves said drill bit against the rock and holds it there While being struck by said hammer piston.

6. ln a rock drill, the combination of a casing provided With a cylinder, a hammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, a chamber in said casing, a drill bit holding chuck reciprocally mounted in said chamber, a drill bit secured to said chuck and arranged to project into the reciprocal path of and to be struck by said piston hammer and a valve chest on said casing; a valve in said valve chest operatively connected With said cylmder and hammer piston and said chuck Whereby actuating fluid is admitted to impart a reciprocal movement to said chuck and drill bit between the blows of said hammer piston and to move and hold said drill bit against the rock until struck by said hammer piston.

7. In a rock drill, the combination ivith the casing provided with the cylinder, the chuck chamber, and the piston hammer and chuck ieciprocally mounted in said cylinder and chamber, of a drill bit extending into said cylinder into the reciprocal path of said piston, said chuck being provided with a reciprocal movement in said chamber suflicient to move said drill bit away from and to return it against the rock being drilled, a piston collar on said chuck, a valve chest on said casing, a valve in said valve chest, said valve chest and valve and casing being provided with a series of ports whereby actuating fluid reciprocates said piston hammer and chuck and thereby moves said drill bit against the rocr being drilled and holds it there until struck by said hammer piston on each of its reciprocal strokes.

8. ln a rock drill, the combination of the casing provided with a cylinder, the hammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, a chuck receiving chamber in said casing, a chuck reciprocally mounted in said casing and chamber and provided With an axial aperture extending through it, a drill bit extending loosely into and through the axial aperture of said chuck into the reciprocal path of said hammer piston, a piston collar portion on said chuck fitting said chamber,

a valve chest on said casing, a valve in said valve chest, said casing and valve chest and valve being provided With a plurality of iluid pressure ports extending from said valve to the opposite ends of said chucks piston collar chamber and arranged in operative relation to move said chuck and drill bit reciprocally, a spirally grooved surface on said chuck, -a ratchet wheel provided with a spirally toothed bore fitting freely on said chuck and rotatably seated in said cylinder, and a plurality of spring controlled pawls in operative engagement with said ratchet wheel.

9. In a rock drill, the combination with the casing provided with a cylinder and a chuck receiving chamber, said chuck chamber comprising an axial aperture of two diameters, the hammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, of a chuck sleeve reciprocally mounted in the smaller diameter of said chuck chamber, a piston collar portion on said chuck sleeve fitting the longer diameter of said chuck chamber, a spirally grooved portion on said chuck sleeve, a ratchet wheel havingl a bore provided with spiral teeth fitting said spiral grooved pertion of said chuck sleeve and rotatably seated in Said cylinder, a plurality of spring controlled pawls arranged in operative relation to said ratchet wheel, a valve chest on said casing, a valve in said valve chest, said casing and valve chest and valve being provided with a series of expansive iiuid ports arranged to reciprocate said chuck in its chamber and to operatively reciprocate said piston hammer, an axial aperture in said chuck, a drill bit fitting said chucks axial aperture and extending through said chuck into the reciprocal ath of said hammer piston, and means inclu ing a clamping device attached to said chuck for securing said drill bit to said chuck, means for supporting said cylinder and drill bit, and means for feeding said cylinder and drill bit in operative relation to rock, whereby said drill bit is rotated step by step and is moved against the rock being drilled and is held there until struck by the reciprocal strokes of said hammer piston.

10. In a drilling engine as specified, the combination with a casing provided with a cylinder and a chuck chamber, a iluid actuated hammer piston in said cylinder and a chuck mounted to reciprocate in said chamber, said casing being arranged into the cylinder and the chamber which are separated by a partition through which the rear end of the chuck passes; a valve chest on said casing having ports communicating with the said cylinder and chamber and with the atmosphere and having a port extending from the forward end of the chuck chamber to the forward end of the valve chest; a slide valve in the bore of the valve chest, which controls the outlet from the piston hammer cylinder and the inlet or exhaust of the chuck chamber a collar on the chuck within the forward chamber, said casing and valve chest having a valve controlled port on each side of said chucks collar, and means for turning the chuck.

11. In a drilling engine as specied, the combination with a casing provided with a cylinder and a chuck chamber, a fluid actuated hammer piston reciprocally mounted in said cylinder, a drill holding chuck reciprocally mounted in said chuck chamber pro-` vided with a circumferential row of spirally arranged gear teeth grooves; a collar on the chuck, a valve chest on the casing having a iluid inlet port and exhaust ports, and ports leading to the frontiand rear of said chucks collar 5 a slide valve in said valve chest which alternately connects the said chuck chamber ports with said fluid inlet port and with said exhaust ports 5 the chest being further provided with a port which conveys the exhaust from the hammer piston to a chamber portion in said valve chest at the rear of the slide valve, whereby the valve is actuated in a forward direction, thereby admitting fluid forward of said chucks collar, said chest also being provided with a port extending from its forward end to thc portion of the chuck chamber in which the chucks collar reciprocates, whereby exhaust fluid is admitted to t-he forward end of the valve chest, when the chuck moves rearward a predetermined distance, which reverses thevalve,and admits actuating iiuid to the rear of the chucks collar again; a bushing in said casing at the foi'- ward end of said chuck chamber, arranged to support the forward end of said chuck, a cylinder head on the forward end of said casing adjacent to said bushing arranged to support the forward end of said chuck a ratchet wheel su rrounding the chuck and rotatably mounted on it between said bushing and cylinder head, and spring-actuated pawls pivotally journaled in said cylinder head and arranged to prevent the rotation of said ratchet wheel in one direction, and inwardly projecting teeth on the surface of the axial bore of said ratchet wheel, which extend into said spiral grooves of said chuck.

12. In a drilling engine as specified, the combination with a casing provided with a piston hammer cylinder and a piston hammer, and a chuck chamber, of a chuck mounted in said chuck chamber, having spiral grooves in its periphery a cap on the forward end of said casing over the end of said chuck chamber; a ratchet wheel surrounding said chuck, and housed in said cap, having inwardly projecting teeth around its axial bore, which extend into the spiral grooves of said chuck, and. spring-actuated pawls for preventing rotation of the wheel in one direction 5 a collar on said chuck; a valve chest on said casing having inlet and exhaust ports; a valve reciprocally mounted in said chest the chest being also provided -with ports which open at the front and rear of the chuck collar, and with a port which conveys the exhaust from the hammer piston to the rear of the valve.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN A. TRAYLOR.

IVitnesses:

G. SARGENT ELLIOTT, ADELLA M. FowLE.

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