US911237A - Railway-rail. - Google Patents

Description

BIA. HADPIELD. RAILWAY RAIL. APPLiOATION FILED AUG. 27, 1903.

Patented Feb. 2, I909 scription,

practically no effect thereupon,

To all whom it an; concern:

Be it known that 1, ROBERT A. Hnnrmm, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident of Sheffield, county of York, England, have invented an Improvement in Railway-Rails, of which the following dein connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object a strong, durable and efiicien-t rail for street, steamer electric railroads, possessing long life and great wear-resisting properties. i

In the course of my experiments]: have discovered that a rail cast as an 1ntegral body, and preferably wholly of manganese steel, and then suitably heat-treated and cooled, will have its wear-resisting qualities and its life greatly increased, the expensive step of rolling to shape being thereby 0bviated and the cost correspondingly reduced. By casting the rail, devices for connecting or fishing them together or to points, crossings,

etc. may-be made integral with the rail, so that the connection will be much more secure than is now possible.

In practice the rail is cast of Hadfields manganese steel, such steel being, when pro erly heat treated, hard, tough, and ig ily wear-resisting, and ractically unmachine'able, t. e. cutting or v oring tools have a grinding operation being the only one practicable.

Figure 1 is a cross-section of a mold for casting a rail in accordancewith one embodiment of my present invention, and Fig. 2 1sa similar view showin a modification thereof. Fi 3 is a side e ovation of one end of the rail showing a portion of softer metal cast in the main or body' ortion of the rail.

While in the drawing I ave shown a mold for casting astreet railroad rail it will be understood that my invention is not in any way 5 realtricted to the particular form or shape of ra v In carrying out my invention the manganese steel, made in usual manner, is cast in suitable molds, and the mold may be horizontal, vertical,,or inclined, as may be desired or found best suited for particular shapes. The fluid manganese steel is run into the mold from one or both ends thereof, or from the side, as may be most convenient.

In the construction of the molds thay may be made by hand or machine, and if esired Specification of Letters Patent. Application 8185. August 27, 1903. Serial N-O. 130,895.

PATENT orsion.

' nonnitr A. HADFIEL'D, or SHEFFlELD, ENGLAND.

1. ltAI'LWAY-BAIL.

Patented Feb. 2, 1909.

the metal can be cast in green sand molds, and. the portions forming the grooves for wheel flanges may be made of dry or green sand.

If desired those portions of the rail reuiring special smoothness, such as .ange-groove, could beformed with dnils having the desired shape.

, Reterring to Fig. 1, t e flask F is filled with sand in which the main ortion of the pattern M is formed, and a hill C is introduced in the mold, having a rib or 1corepiece c to form the groove, so that the groove and the tread portion of the rail cast in-sueh mold will be smooth.

A combination of chill and sand is shown in Fig. 2,, the chill C being narrower and having a rib or core c to form the groove,- while only a ortion of the tread, adjacent the chill, will e influenced thereby, the rest of the tread and the main portion of the rail being cast in sand. By this arrangement practically all grinding and fitting of the parts referred to will be obviated or largely reduced.

It will be obvious that if the mold be horizontal when casting the lower portion of the rail may be made of ordinary steel, preferably soft steel, and the head or portion of the rail subjected to wear made of manganese steel, one kind of steel being poured until the mold is filled to the required depth, and then filled with the other kind of steel.

manganese steel be compounded with'very soft steel, say about 20% carbon. Preferably the casting is first cooled down and then it is placed in a suitable heating furnace and gradually its temperature is raised to about 800 C. It is then heated as quickly as possible. to from about 875 to ].050 (1., and I have found a temperature of about 950 C. is best suited to effect by quenching the desired result. The rail while thus highly heated is quenched as ra )idly as possible in a cooling medium, prefera 1y water.

The treatment of a compound casting will be slightly changed if the ordinary steel thereimmersion in water, if the casting be of manganese steel throughout, or if desired properties of hardness,

in should for any reason have to contain from 40% carbon, or higher, as in such case quenching would not be admissible. When using such ordinary steel the compound rail Will be heated to the usual toughenin temperature, about 950 tol020 and a lowed to cool in air, or made to cool quickly in the air by artificial means. By such treatment the manganese steel is toughened, thou l1 not to theextent secured by 'water quenc ing, and the ordinary steel in the compound rail is not spoiled.

When the rail made in accordance with my invention is to be drilled, or machined in certain portions, pieces of soft metal, such as cast lIOIl or soft steel, may be cast in the body portion B, Fig. 3, at parts to be so manipulated, as at B Fig. 3.

My invention is not restricted to the precise details herein set forth, nor to any particular shape of rail, as the details may be varied by those skilled in the art, and the shape or configuration varied according to circumstances, Without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. As an article of manufacture a railt'ay rail havin its bod' )ortion cast of homo- 30 geneous unmachineable manganese steel, said rail having cast therewith portions of suitor metal at points Where it to be machined.

2'. As a new article of manufacture, manganese steel rail, produced by casting it in substantially the form in which it to be used; thereupon cooling and then a raising the temperature of the all; then toughening the rail by heating it rapidl up to a predetermined temperature, and then cooling it rapidly.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a .mau-- ganese-steel. rail, produced by casting it in substantially the form in which it is to be used; thereupon cooling and'then gradually raising the temperature of the rail; then toughening the rail by heating it rapidly up to a predetermined temperature, and then immersing the rail in a cooling bath.

In testnnony whereof, I have signed my as name to this specification, in the pres am: oi two subscribing Witnesses.

ROBERT A. Hiilll 'llltlbil. Witnesses:

CHAnLns Anus, Enos Winona, Jr.

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