US9108A - Plabting-maghibte - Google Patents

Description

WILLIAM VATSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PLANINGIVIACHINE.

Speccaton of Letters Patent No. 9,108, dated July 6, 1852.

To all 'whom 'it may conce/wn.:

Be it known that I, IVILLIAM IVATsoN, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improve-ments in PlaningNIachines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which make part of this specification, and in which- Figure I is a view in perspective of a planing machine embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a plan ofv the same; Figs. 3, et and 5 are sections of a board as it passes through the machine, taken immediately behind the first, second, and third cutters to show their respective action upon it. Fig. 6 is a transverse section through the line l, 1, of Fig. 1; Fig. 7, is a like, section at the line 2, 2, of Fig. l; Fig. 8 is a like section at the line 3, 3, of Fig. l; and Fig. 9 is a View of the planes, stocks, and planes inverted.

The reducing cutters in the most approved and ecient of the planing machines heretofore constructed with stationary planes, are preceded by a bar mouth piece, which presses heavily and constantly upon the surface of the rough board, thus generating a large amount cf friction, which tends to wear out the machine rapidly and involves the constant expenditure of a large amount of force to overcome it.

The object of my invention is to dispense altogether with the employment of a mouth piece to press upon the rough surface of the board in front of the reducing cutters, and it consists of a double series of reducing cutters which are alternately inclined in opposite directions, the cutting edges of all being inclined both to the surface and to the edges of the board at an acute angle, so that the surplus material is cut out in shallow longitudinal grooves by a drawing or shaving cut which leavesthe board with a fiuted surface, but of uniform thickness throughout its entire length. The ridges thus left on the surface of the board are easily reduced by means of a common planeiron extending across the board, and preceded by a mouth piece whose under surface is the counterpart of the fiuted surface of the board.

In the accompanying drawings a machine is represented, which in its general form and arrangement resembles the more common of the machines having stationary planes. It

has a strong frame A on the front end of which, a pair of feed rollers B B are mounted. The lower most B of these rollers runs in fixed bearings on the side of the frame, which keep its upper side level with the bed C but the upper roller B is supported in boxes which slide up and down in slotted guide standards D. The rollers are geared together by means of a pair of star wheels a a secured to their adjacent ends. The upper roller is held down upon the lower by means of a spring E whose pressure is graduated by a set screw G which passes through a cross bar I-I that connects the upper ends of the standards D. The upper extremity of the screw Gr, is fitted with a hand-wheel I, by which it is turned. The rollers are turned by means of a belt which encircles a pulley K on the axis of one of them. In this instance, I have shown three planes, the first two without mouth-pieces, and the third with a fixed mouth-piece.

The stocks L L L2, of the planes,are each secured to the frame A by means of two screw bolts L at each end, each bolt fitted both with a set, and a jam nut, and each fixed at its lower extremity to the frame A. Between each pair of securing bolts a a set screw b is placed by means of which, the mean height of the stock can be maintained, while its front or back edges are being raised and lowered to adjust it properly. The first stock is fitted in this instance with two plane irons or cutters M which stand obliquely to the bed C both longitudinally and transversely, so that as the board Q is fed forward by the rollers the edges of the irons will cut into it obliquely, and raise up thin lips c as represented in Fig. 3. These irons never remove a shaving, and as they act so obliquely on the grain of the wood, they cut smoothly and with great ease. IVhile the back or lower corners of the irons are cutting, the board is held down by portions of the beveled edges m Fig; 9 of the iron, which precede these corners, so as to counteract all tendency which the operation of cutting may have, to draw up or lift the board. The position in which these plane irons are secured to the stock will be clearly seen by reference to Fig. 6. It will be seen that the irons thus arranged will tend by their oblique action upon the board, to force it over against the fence F which guides it in passing through the machine, and in order that the hinder end of the board, may

also be kept against the fence, the feed rollers, are set across the machine with a slight degree of obliquity sutlicient to press the -board against the fence.

The irons N of the second plane L are inclined to the stock L', and to the bed C in the same manner as the irons of the first plane which precede them, but they are inclined in the opposite direction. The second irons N also stand in range with the spaces between the first irons M, so that the lower or hinder' corners of the irons of the two series will cut to the same line. These irons will raise lips c opposite those cut by the preceding irons, and will therefrom detach triangular shavings from the board leaving its surface Huted as shown in Fig. 4. The bottom of the second stock L', is iuted as shown in Fig. 9,.so as to conform to the luted surface of the board in order that when the last plane O cuts off the ridges to level the surface of the board, the back part of this stock Vwill act as a iiXed mouth piece to hold the board down and to break the shaving.

The last plane L2 is made in the usual manner with an iron O extending across the frame, so as to plane across the entire surface of the widest board which the machine will admit.

I have shown but two irons in each of the first two planes, as these are sufficient to illustrate and fully make known the principle of the invention, but a much greater number of oblique irons may be used, and they may be placed at a much more acute angle to the edge of the board. If desired a third and fourth series of these oblique planes may be employed to groove the ridges left by the oblique cutters already described. So also instead of one plane iron to smooth off the ridges two or more may be used.

If preferred, both series of the oblique rei ducing cutters may be attached to the same stock instead of to different stocks. The cutters or plane irons may also be curved to lift up shavings.v see Fig. l0 if that form should be deemed preferable. A series of spurs or slitting irons y Fig. 9 may be combined'with one or more series of oblique reducing irons to'slit the shavings.

Having thus described my improvements, what I specically claim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl. A reducing plane composed of a series of oblique irons, arranged substantially as herein set forth.

2. I also claim the combination of the before claimed reducing cutters with smoothing cutters, arranged substantially as herein set forth.`

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

WM. WATSON.`

Vitnesses:

F. A. HOME, JOHN SMITH.

Images