US908831A - Grain-treating apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

S. D. BAILEY. GRAIN TREATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION TILED 001'. 5, 190s.

Patentd Jan. 5, 1909.

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S. D. BAILEY. GRAIN TREATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED ocms, 190s.

Patented Jan. 5, 1 909.

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STEPHEN D. BAILEY, OF WANATAH, INDIANA.

GRAIN-TREATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

Application filed October 5, 1908. Serial No. 456,326.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN D. BAILEY, a citizen of the U nited States, residing at Wanatah, in the county of Laporte and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Grain-Treating Apparatus, of which the followingis a specincation.

My invention relates particularly to ap paratus for use in drying, ventilating, bleaching, or otherwise treating grain or the like; and my primary object is to provide apparatus of the character indicated of improved construction and operation, of large capacity and capable of construction at a moderate cost.

The invention is illustrated in its preferred embodiment in the accompanying drawings, in which- I Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of my improved grain-drying apparatus; Fig. 2, a horizontal section taken as indicated at line 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a horizontal section taken at line 3 of Fig. 1 Fig. 4, a broken perspective view showing the lower portion of one of the compartments employed and the means therein for ventilating or otherwise treating grain; Fig. 5, a vertical sectional view taken as indicated at line 5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6, a broken perspective view illustrating the manner of constructing the ventilators; and Fig. 7., a broken vertical sectional view similar to the sectional view shown in Fig. 5, but on a larger scale, and illustrating the course of the air-currents through the ventilating ap V aratus.

n the construction illustrated, A represents a building or structure divided into four grain-receiving compartments, 1, 2, 3 and 4, surmounting basement compartments 1 2*, 3 and 4*, respectively, and, in turn surmounted by a common compartment 5; B, a blower having an intake air conduit 6 and an outlet conduit 7 passing through the basement of the structure and having branches 8 opening into several compart ments of said basement; and C, a boiler or heater equipped with a heating coil 9 located in the intake conduit 6 of the blower.

The building structure A is preferably of steel and concrete, having outer walls 10 and cross walls 11 forming the compartments 1. 2, 3 and 4. The basement is divided into the compartments 1 2 3 and 4 by arches 12. In some instances it is desirable to employ partitions 13 separating the compartments f the basement and having doors 14, en-

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abling the basement compartments to be thrown together. In Fig. 3, one of such partitions, fitted with a sliding door, is illustrated. In the concrete vertical walls of the building are steel uprights 15, in such number as may be necessary to give the req uisite strength to the walls. I alsoemploy suitably spaced horizontally disposed corner tie-rods 16 at the corners of the grain com partments, said tie-rods having their extremities embedded in the walls. In the arches 12 are horizontal Lbeams 17, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, forming a suitable foundation for the ventilating devices contained in the several compartments.

In each of the compartments 1, 2, 3 and 4 is located a ventilator structure 18, details of which are shown in Figs. 4, 6 and 7. At the base of each of said compartments are located joists 19 upon which are supported the ventilator devices 20 composing the ventilator structure 18. Each device 20 comprises a series of vertically disposed scantlings 21 arranged in the same vertical plane and sepa rated by spaces 22, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4; blocks 23 arranged in horizontal rows and secured to said scantlings, said blocks having upwardly converging surfaces 24; and horizontally disposed edgewise inclined boards 25 flanking the scantlings 21 and supported on the blocks 23. The devices 20, thus described, are so located with relation to each other as to afford between them vertical grain-receiving chambers, or spaces, 26. Alternate rows of scantlings are surmounted by ca ing a ternate rows of scantling are left uncapped. According to the illustration given, the ventilating structures 18 are of wooden construction. As shown in Fig. 6, the blocks 23 are preferably arranged in pairs, the adjacent sides of the members of each pair of blocks having vertical slots or mortises 28 which receive the adjacent edges of the scantlings. The blocks are secured to the edges of the scantlings by nails 29. The edgewise-inclined horizontally-disposed boards 25 have beveled edges 30 lying in substantially vertical planes, the upper inner edges of boards contacting with the sides of the scantlings, as clearly shown in Fig. 6; The boards are secured to the blocks 23 by means of nails 31. The nails employed are rust-proof. It will be noted that the adjacent upper edges of each pair of boards 25 are separated by a space 32, thus enabling -plates, or boards 27, and the remain' the air, or aeriform fluid employed, to pass freely between the scantlings of each row. In the alternate rows of scantlings which are provided with the cap-plates 27, the air may pass upwardly as far as the cap-plates, and in the uncapped rows, the air may pass upwardly and into the surmounting chamber 5. The joists 19 are arranged in groups of three, as shown in Fig. 7, the members of each group being separated by spaces 33. The several groups of joists are separated by spaces 34. The intermediate joist of each group supports the scantlings arranged above it, while the lower edges of the lowermost boards 25 attached to said scantlings rest upon the flanking joists of the group. At the bottoms of the chambers 26 are located inclined boards or run-ways 35 which slope from the inner side of the compartment to a horizontally disposed conveyer 36 (Figs. 1 and 4) locatcd adjacent to the outer walls in the basement of the building structure. "1 he bottom walls 35 of the compartments 1 and 3 slope in one direction from the center wall of the structure, and the bottom walls 35 of the compartments 2 and 4 slope in the opposite direction from the same center wall, as will be clearly understood from l ig. 1.

At the lower portion of each ventilator structure 18, the boards 25 are successively shortened to correspond with the slope of the run-ways or sloping walls 35, and from the lowermost boards 25 of the ventilator structure, vertical walls or partitions 37 are extended downwardly to the plane of the conveyers 36, thus affording the conduits 38 from the bottoms of the chambers 26 to the conveyers 36. Beneath those rows of scantlings which are capped by plates 27 the spaces 33 are left open or in communication with the basement, and beneath the remaining rows of scantlings the spaces 33 are closed at their lower ends by plates or boards 39. It will thus be understood that air may pass up from the basement through alternate devices 20 and must make its escape laterally through the grain in the spaces 26 and thence up through the uncapped devices 20.

Grain is admitted to the structure through a chute 40 having a swivel section 41 adapted to be turned to convey the grain into chutes 42 leading to hoppers 43 having connected therewith branch chutes 44 with which connect other branch chutes 45 leading to the upper ends of the several grain-chambers 26 of the several compartments.

The fan, or blower, B may be of any approved type. As the air is drawn into the fan it may be preparatorily heated in the intake conduit 6. The conduit 7 extends through the basement between the basement compartments 1 and 2 and the basement compartments 3 and 4 and the branch outlets 8 are equipped with removable caps or valves 46, enabling the air to be employed as desired. I preferably locate in each basement compartment a simple arched wall 47 beneath which sulfur may be placed and burned upon the basement floor to supply bleaching fumes when desired.

I have shown the boiler U equipped with a pipe 48 through which steam or water may be forced through a nozzle 49 adapted to be presented at the hoppers 43 for the purpose of moistening the grain when desired for bleaching purposes.

rom the foregoing detailed description, the manner of use u ill be readily understood. Grain may be admitted to the grain-receiving chambers 26 from the chute 40, and hot air, for drying purposes, may be passed upwardly through the ventilator structures of the several grain compartments, the dried grain being removed by the conveyers 36. The air passes upwardly from the basement compartments through the spaces 33 into the alternate ventilating devices 20, moving freely upward beneath the scantlings thereof and emerging laterally between the flanking boards thereof, passes laterally through the grain columns in the chambers 26 and thence up through the uncapped ventilator devices 20, escaping into the surmounting chamber 5, from whence it may be passed either to the atmosphere or be returned for re-circulation. As the conveyers remove the grain from the bottom of the structure, the grain settles down through the chambers 26, and is turned or stirred as it rolls and tumbles from one inclined board or ledge 25 to another, thus afi'ording an excellent opportunity for complete ventilation.

When it is desired to employ the apparatus for bleaching purposes, sulfur is burned in the basement compartments, beneath the arches 47 and the grain is dampened by applying steam or a spray'of water at the hoppers 43. If desired, of course, unheated air may be circulated through the grain simply to cool and ventilate the same.

When the apparatus is working at full capacity, all of the grain compartments 1, 2, 3 and 4 are employed. If, for any reason, it is desired to employ a single compartment, this may be done. In such cases, the division walls 13 are employed to separate the basement compartments from each other, so that the air will be circulated through the grain compartment in use.

The foregoing detailed description has been given for clearness of understanding only, and no undue limitation is to be understood therefrom.

What I regard as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a drier, the combination of a graincompartment and a ventilating device therein comprising a series of uprights spaced apart, edgewise-inclined boards or plates flanking said uprights on both sides thereof, the spaces between said uprights being left open to permit air-circulation, and means for forcing air between said uprights. 7

2. In a drier, the combination of a graincompartment and a ventilator-structure therein comprising a series of ventilator devices, each ventilator device comprising a row of uprights spaced apart, edgewiseinclined boards or plates flanking said uprights, the spaces between the uprights of each row being left open to permit upward movement of air-currents between said boards, cap-plates above some of said rows of scantlings, a compartment beneath said grain-compartment, and means for admitting air from said second-named compartment to the capped ventilator devices and excluding passage of air from said second named compartment directly into the uncapped ventilator devices.

3. In a drier, the combination of a graincompartment and a ventilator device therein comprising a row of scantlings, blocks applied to said scantlings and having upwardly converging edges, said blocks arranged in horizontal rows, and edgewise-inclined boards supported on said blocks and having their upper edges abutting against said scantlings.

4. In a drier, the combination of a vertical compartment and a ventilator structure therein comprising a plurality of ventilator devices, each ventilator device comprising a plurality of upright scantlings separated by spaces, blocks carried by said scantlings, edgewise-inclined boards supported on said blocks and having their upper edges abutting against said scantlings, said ventilator devices being separated by spaces aflording grain chambers, means for forcing air between the scantlings of certain 'rows, means for obstructing the outlet at the upper ends of certain of said ventilator devices and causing the air to cross to the adjacent ventilator devices, and inclined run-ways at the bottoms of said grain-chambers, for the purpose set forth.

5. In a drier, the combination of a graincompartment, a compartment beneath said grain-compartment, means for forcing air into said second-named compartment, joists above said second-named compartment, said joists arranged in groups of three, scantlings surmounting the intermediate joists of each group and located in said first-named compartment, blocks carried by said scantlings, edgewise-inclined boards mounted on said blocks, the lowermost boards having their lower edges disposed above the outer members of each group of joists, cap-plates for alternate rows of said scantlings, bottom plates obstructing the passage from said second-named compartment to the remaining alternate rows of scantlings, and inclined run-ways beneath the spaces between said rows of scantlings.

6. In a drier, the combination of'a pair of adjacent vertical grain-compartments separated by a central wall, a pair of horizontal conveyers at the outer walls of said compartments opposite said central wall, and ventilator structures in said grain-compartments, each ventilator structure comprising a series of ventilator devices separated by grain chambers extending from said central wall to the opposite outer wall of the grain compartment, each ventilator device comprising a row of suitably spaced u rights, edgewise-inclined horizontal boards Eanking said row of uprights, and inclined runways beneath said grain chambers sloping from said central Wall to the corresponding conveyer.

7. In a drier, the combination of a basement compartment, four surmounting grain compartments having adjacent corners lo cated at the vertical center of the structure, a pair of parallel conveyers located along opposite walls of the basement compartment, means for forcing air into the basement compartment, and ventilator structures in said grain compartments, each ventilator STEPHEN D. BAILEY.

In presence of W. E. ROTHERMEL, W. T. JoNEs.

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