US908742A

US908742A - Space telegraphy.

Info

Publication number: US908742A
Application number: US36281807A
Authority: US
Inventors: Sewall Cabot
Original assignee: STONE TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE Co
Current assignee: STONE TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE Co
Priority date: 1907-03-18
Filing date: 1907-03-18
Publication date: 1909-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1926-01-05

Description

S. GABOT.

SPACE TELEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED MARJB, 1907.

Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

SEWALL GAB'OT, OF BROOKLINE, MASSACHUSETTS,

SSIGNOR TO STONE TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

SPACE TELEGRAIEHY.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SEWALL OABoT, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brookline, .in the county of Norfolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Im rovement in Space Telegraphy, of which t e following is a specification.

My invention. relates to space telegraph transmitting systems. The object of my invention is to increase the power factor of the primary power circuit of a space telegraph transmitting system, and to prevent arcing at the spark ga of the sonorous circuit of said system, there yper- 'mitting an increase in the s ark-fre uency. of the electrical oscillations evelope in said sonorous circuit without causing the detrimental effects produced by the formation of electric arcs at said sparkgap.

Referr' to the drawin which accomany and cm a part of t 's specification,

lgure lrepresents conventions; y a system of circuits embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 represents in diagrammatic form one of the arrangements of circuits and apparatus in which I'have embodied said principle in actual ractice.

In the gures, A represents a source of vibratory electromotive force; K K are keys; M M are transformers of which the primary and, secondary winoYdings respectively are 1,, I, and-I-,, I, ;-L L are inductances; C O O are condensers; V is an elevated conductor earthed at E.

While, as shown in-.Fig. 1, I may em loy the usual key K in the primary circuit 0 the generator A, I prefer, as shown in Fig. 2, to employ a key or circuit controllerconsisting of a number of

contact members

1, 2, connected in both sides of the intermediate circuit which connects the sonorous circuit S C I with the primary power circuit A 1,. One set of contact members 1 is fixed and the other set which is su ported by, the rod 3 is adapted to be moved into contact with the statlonary set 1 b means of the key K.

I have successfu y operated a wireless telegraph system asshown in Fig. 2 by employinductances and ca aoities having the f0 owing values, viz: 005 L, 50 henries; coil L, 50 hem-ies; condenser O, .02 microfarads condenser G, .0025 microfarads; condenser O, .04 microfarads; frequency of alternatingcurrent-generator A, cycles. I have found that when the said coils and condensers Specification of Letters Patent. Applicationfiled March 18,

Patented Jan; 5, 1909.

1907. Serial No. 362,818.

are given the values above set forth, the power factor of the primary power circuit is unity and sparking takes place at S without the accom animent of an electric arc.

It will e understood of course that the values above given for the capacities and inductances of the coils and condensers are merely by way of example, for obviously said values may be greatly varied even with currents of a given frequencyin the primary power circuit.

The adjustments of the several coils and condensers above mentioned are best determined'empirically in the followingmanner: Measure the power in the primary power circuit by means of a watt meter and adjust the constants of the coil or coils L L and the condenser or condensers C C until the apparent watts as measured by said watt meter are equal, to the roduct of the voltage across the primary 1 multiplied by the current in the primary power circuit. Inasmuch as the reactance of the primary power circuit when isolated is an'inductance reactance, it follows that the electromagnetic constants of the circuit including the secondary I," must be such that the reaction of said secondary on the said primary is a ca acity reaction of such value as toreduce t e reactance ofthe primary power circuit to zero,in other Words, to render the load on the generator a non-inductive load.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the power factor of the primary power circuit may be rendered unity in a variety of ways, and therefore I do not desire to be limited to the particular arrangement shown in the drawings. -When the constants ofthe intermediate circuit are so sadjusted as to increase the power factor of the power circuit tounity, the intermediate circuit offers very little impedance to the passage of currents from the generator A to the sonorous circuit S C I during the charging period of the condenser C; but as soon as said condenserdischar es across the gap S, the coils L L retard the flow of current in said intermediate circuit and thereby prevent the formation of an arc across the gap S. i

The intermediate circuit may be grounded at E E if desired as shown in Fig. 2.

I claim, p

' 1. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer,

an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, and means associated with said intermediate circuit for increasing the power factor of said power circuit.

2. space telegraph transmitting system comprismg a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, and means associated with said intermediate circuit for rendering the power factor of said power circuit unity.

3. A space telegraph transmitting system comprisin a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transfoamer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, and a condenser associated with said intermediate circuit and so constructed and arranged as to increase the power factor of said power circuit.

4. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, and a condenser connected across said intermediate circuit and so proportioned as to increase the power factor of said power circuit.

5. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising asonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, a circuit controller in said intermediate circuit and condensers connected across said intermediate circuit, one on either side of said circuit controller, said condensers being soadjusted as to increase the power factor of said power circuit.

6. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, a circuit controller constructed and arranged to open said interme-' diate circuit at two points, and condensers connected across said intermediate circuit, one on either side of said circuit controller, said condensers being so adjusted as to increase the power factor of said power circuit.

7. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, an inductance included in said intermediate circuit, and means associated with said intermediate circuit constructed and arranged to increase the power factor of said power circuit and to counteract in full or in part the r'eactance of the aforecomprismg a sonorous circuit, a power ciri said inductance during the charging period of said sonorous circuit, said inductance being so proportioned that during the discharging period of said sonorous circuit said in ductance sufficiently retards the flow of current in said intermediate circuit to prevent the formation of an arc across the gap of the sonorous circuit.

8. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous ircuit a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, a coil having very large inductance connected in series with said intermediate circuit, and a condenser connected across said intermediate circuit, said condenser being so proportioned as to increase the power factor of said power circuit and to reduce the reactance offered by said intermediate circuit to the currents delivered thereto by said power circuit during the charging period of said sonorous circuit.

9. A space telegraph transmitting system cuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, a coil having very large inductance connected in series with said intermediate circuit, said coil being so proportioned that during the discharging period of said sonorous circuit said coil sufficiently retards the flow of current in said intermedi ate circuit to prevent the formation of an are across the gap of said sonorous circuit, and a condenser connected across said intermediate circuit.

' 10. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, a circuit controller in said intermediate circuit, and a condenser connected across said intermediate circuit, said condenser being so proportioned as to increase the power factor of said power circuit.

11. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the second ary of said transformer, a circuit controller constructed and arranged to open said intermediate circuit at two points, and a condenser connected across said intermediate circuit, said condenser being so proportioned as to increase the power factor of said power circuit.

12. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and-in'cluding the secondary 130 of said transformer, and a condenser associated with said intermediate circuit and so constructed and arranged as to render the power factor of said power circuit unity.

13. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including thev primary ofa transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, and a condenser connected across said intermediate circuit and so pro ortioned as to render the power factor of sai power circuit unity.

14. A space telegraph transmitt'ng system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondaryv of said transformer, an inductance in said intermediate circuit, and means associated.

rendering the power factor of said power circuit unity.

16. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer, an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, an inductance included in said intermediate circuit, and a condenser associated with said intermediate circuit and so constructed and arranged as toincrease the power factor of said power circuit.

17. A space telegraph transmitting system comprising a sonorous circuit, a power circuit including the primary of a transformer,

an intermediate circuit connected with said sonorous circuit and including the secondary of said transformer, an inductance lncluded in said mtermediate clrcuit, and a condenser connected across said intermediate circuit and so proportioned as to increase'the power factor of said power circuit.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 13th day of March 1907.

SEWALL CABOT.

Witnesses:

E. B. ToMLINso'N, Gno. K. Wooibwon'rn.