US9073155B2 - Method of fabricating a turbine engine drum - Google Patents
Method of fabricating a turbine engine drum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US9073155B2 US9073155B2 US13/814,375 US201113814375A US9073155B2 US 9073155 B2 US9073155 B2 US 9073155B2 US 201113814375 A US201113814375 A US 201113814375A US 9073155 B2 US9073155 B2 US 9073155B2
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- disks
- wall
- drum
- common axis
- welding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active, expires
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/006—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
- F01D5/063—Welded rotors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
-
- B23K2201/001—
-
- B23K2203/18—
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
-
- Y02T50/673—
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of fabricating a turbine engine drum, and to such a drum forming part of a low-pressure turbine.
- a low-pressure turbine drum comprises at least two rotor disks on a common axis that are connected to each other by a substantially cylindrical or frustoconical wall forming a body of revolution that is coaxial about the common axis.
- Each drum has an upstream flange and a downstream flange for fastening the drum to upstream and downstream drums, respectively.
- the radially outer periphery of each disk has slots for axially receiving and radially retaining the roots of rotor blades.
- Radially extending wipers are formed on the outer surface of the wall and they co-operate by rubbing against blocks of abradable material to form labyrinth type seals. These blocks of material are carried by the radially inner peripheries of stator vanes that are interposed between the rotor blades.
- the low-pressure turbine drum may be made by welding an upstream disk to a downstream disk carrying the wall by using inertial friction welding.
- the first step consists in forming the slots in the outer periphery of the upstream disk, and then a second step consists in setting the upstream disk carrying the wall into rotation and in applying axial force to the second disk so that the free end of the wall becomes welded with the first disk by inertial friction welding.
- the slots are made in the outer periphery of the second disk by broaching.
- the wall forming a body of revolution is made of the same material as the disks, e.g. such as NC19FeNb, which means that it is not possible to achieve accurate control over the collapse of material in the weld zone (i.e. the quantity of material that deforms under the effect of temperature). This leads to inaccuracy in the relative axial positioning of the two disks.
- a particular object of the invention is to provide a solution to at least some of these problems that is simple, effective, and inexpensive.
- the method provides a method of fabricating a drum that makes it possible to achieve predetermined angular positioning of two disks of a drum, regardless of the radial sizes of the disks.
- the invention provides a method of fabricating a turbine engine drum, the drum comprising at least two rotor disks on a common axis, each having slots in its outer periphery for receiving blade roots, the method being characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in:
- the welding step comprises a first stage in which the disks rub against the ends of the rotating wall during the time needed for the weld zones to reach their forging temperature, and a second stage in which axial thrust is applied to each of the disks in order to perform the welding.
- This two-stage welding step makes it possible firstly to heat up the zones for welding by the ends of the wall rubbing against the disks, and then to secure the wall to the disks by applying axial thrust. In this way, it is possible to obtain control over the relative axial positioning of the disks that is better than in the prior art.
- the method consists in machining the weld zones in order to return their thickness to a predetermined value.
- the method is performed on disks that do not have blades fitted thereto.
- the invention also provides a turbine engine drum such as a low-pressure turbine drum, comprising two rotor disks on a common axis connected to each other by a wall forming a body of revolution, the drum being characterized in that the ends of the wall are fastened to the rotor disks by inertial friction welding by performing the method as described above in such a manner that the disks are in a predetermined position relative to each other.
- a turbine engine drum such as a low-pressure turbine drum, comprising two rotor disks on a common axis connected to each other by a wall forming a body of revolution, the drum being characterized in that the ends of the wall are fastened to the rotor disks by inertial friction welding by performing the method as described above in such a manner that the disks are in a predetermined position relative to each other.
- the wall is made of a material that is different from the material of the rotor disks. This is made possible by the fact that the wall constituting a body of revolution is initially not secured to either of the two disks. This makes it possible for the wall to be made out of a material that is less expensive than that used for making the disks, e.g. such as a nickel-based alloy that satisfies less strict mechanical criteria than the alloy used for making the disks.
- the disks and the wall are made out of nickel-based metal alloy.
- the invention also provides a turbine engine such as an airplane turboprop or turbojet, which engine includes at least one drum as described above.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are fragmentary section views of two prior art low-pressure turbine drums.
- FIG. 3 is a fragmentary diagrammatic view showing the assembly of a low-pressure turbine drum of the invention.
- a turbine engine comprises from upstream to downstream: low-pressure and high-pressure compressors, a combustion chamber ejecting burnt gas into a high-pressure turbine, and then into a low-pressure turbine.
- the low-pressure turbine comprises a plurality of rows of stationary stator vanes 10 arranged in alternation with movable rotor blades 12 .
- the turbine rotor is made up of a plurality of drums 16 fastened to one another.
- Each drum comprises two disks on a common axis, an upstream disk 18 and a downstream disk 20 , each having slots 22 in its outer periphery for axially receiving and radially retaining the roots of rotor blades 12 , 14 .
- Each disk 18 , 20 includes a balance hub 24 in its radially inner portion.
- the two disks 18 and 20 are connected to each other by a wall 26 forming a body of revolution that includes wipers 28 on its outer surface for co-operating with a block of abradable material 30 carried by the radially inner ends of a row of stationary stator vanes 10 that are interposed between two rows of movable blades 12 and 14 carried by the disks 18 and 20 .
- the radially outer ends of the stationary vanes 10 are carried by an outer annular casing of the turbine (not shown).
- the drum 16 includes a flange 32 formed on the upstream disk 18 and extending upstream, and a downstream flange 34 formed on the downstream disk 20 and extending downstream, the flanges serving to fasten the drum 16 to upstream and downstream drums, respectively.
- the upstream disk 18 is subjected to a broaching operation in order to form the slots 22 in its outer periphery, and then it is held stationary while the downstream disk 20 carrying the wall 26 is driven in rotation and moved axially so that the upstream free end of the wall 26 comes into contact with the upstream disk in order to provide a bead of welding 36 by inertial friction.
- the downstream disk 20 is then subjected to a broaching operation in order to form its slots 22 in its outer periphery.
- Performing the broaching in the downstream disk 20 after it has been fastened to the upstream disk 18 makes it possible to ensure that the upstream and downstream slots 22 are angularly positioned relative to one another in a predetermined position that is selected so as to achieve multi-stage aerodynamic coupling as mentioned above.
- broaching can be performed after welding only with a drum 16 of the kind shown in FIG. 1 , where the upstream disk 28 has a diameter that is considerably smaller than the diameter of the downstream disk 20 .
- the invention enables this drawback to be remedied as well as those mentioned above by using a wall forming a body of revolution that is independent of the disks, with this wall being caused to rotate and with the two disks being put into contact with the ends of the wall by moving the disks axially so as to weld them to the wall by inertial friction.
- the method of the invention as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 consists in placing two disks 46 and 48 that do not have blades on a common axis and at a distance apart from each other.
- Each disk 46 , 48 has slots 22 in its outer periphery, and the disks 46 , 48 are positioned angularly relative to each other so that the slots 22 of the upstream disk 46 are offset in a circumferential direction through a determined angle relative to the slots 22 in the upstream disk 48 in order to optimize the performance of the engine.
- a wall 50 forming a body of revolution is placed between the two disks 46 and 48 on their common axis and it is driven in rotation about its axis.
- the two disks 46 and 48 are then welded to the axial ends of the wall 50 .
- This welding step takes place in two stages, the first of which consists in moving the disks 46 and 48 towards the ends of the wall 50 until they rub against those ends.
- This first stage serves to increase the temperature of the weld zones progressively up to their forging temperature.
- axial thrust (arrows A) is applied to the two disks 46 and 48 so as to press them against the wall 50 and thus perform welding by inertial friction.
- the method of the invention leads to weld beads being formed at the welded ends of the wall 50 and to an increase in the thickness of this wall.
- the wall can then be machined in order to return its thickness to a predetermined value.
- the disks 46 and 48 are made of nickel-based alloys that are known for their ability to withstand high temperatures of the kind that are to be found in a turbine. Nevertheless, that type of material is very expensive.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to use a wall 50 that is made of a material that is different from the material of the turbine disks 46 and 48 .
- the wall 50 may be made of a material that is less expensive than the material used for the disks 46 and 48 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
-
- positioning the two disks on a common axis spaced apart from each other and in a predetermined angular position relative to each other;
- placing a wall forming a body of revolution between the two disks coaxially about their common axis;
- driving the wall in rotation about its axis; and
- moving the disks axially towards the wall while maintaining them in their predetermined angular position relative to each other so as to put the disks into contact with the ends of the wall and thereby weld the disks to the wall by inertial friction welding.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1056504 | 2010-08-06 | ||
FR1056504A FR2963577B1 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2010-08-06 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A TURBOMACHINE DRUM |
PCT/FR2011/051753 WO2012017168A1 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2011-07-20 | Process for manufacturing a turbomachine drum |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20130133194A1 US20130133194A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
US9073155B2 true US9073155B2 (en) | 2015-07-07 |
Family
ID=43738577
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/814,375 Active 2031-11-26 US9073155B2 (en) | 2010-08-06 | 2011-07-20 | Method of fabricating a turbine engine drum |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9073155B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2601009B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2013539511A (en) |
CN (1) | CN103025480B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013001329A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2806267A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2963577B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2585597C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012017168A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2946723B1 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2011-08-05 | Snecma | NON-DESTRUCTIVE CONTROL OF A SEALING LECHET |
CN103286437B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2016-04-27 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Drum barrel flywheel friction welding clamp system before engine |
US8651361B1 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-02-18 | The Boeing Company | Method for angular oscillation friction welding to an axially symmetric weld surface |
FR3016819B1 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-02-12 | Snecma | INERTIAL FRICTION WELDING PROCESS OF TWO PARTS OF A TURBOMACHINE ROTATING SUBASSEMBLY |
GB201602685D0 (en) | 2016-02-16 | 2016-03-30 | Rolls Royce Plc | Manufacture of a drum for a gas turbine engine |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2150094A5 (en) | 1971-08-14 | 1973-03-30 | Motoren Turbinen Union | |
US3772763A (en) * | 1971-02-17 | 1973-11-20 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Improved lightweight crankshaft |
US4483054A (en) | 1982-11-12 | 1984-11-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for making a drum rotor |
US4743165A (en) | 1986-10-22 | 1988-05-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Drum rotors for gas turbine engines |
US5519182A (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1996-05-21 | Ball Burnishing Machine Tools Limited | Galled joints made with electric heating |
US20080124210A1 (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Peter Wayte | Rotary assembly components and methods of fabricating such components |
US20090155062A1 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | Snecma | Method of designing a multistage turbine for a turbomachine |
US20090265933A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-29 | Karl Schreiber | Method for the manufacture of turbine or compressor rotors for gas-turbine engines |
US8002526B2 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2011-08-23 | Wind Simplicity, Inc. | Rotor drum for multiple rotor wind turbine |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR708710A (en) | 1930-04-07 | 1931-07-28 | Pour Tous App Mecaniques Sa | Improvements to liquid dispensing devices |
SU1112130A1 (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-09-07 | Производственное Объединение Атомного Турбостроения "Харьковский Турбинный Завод" Им.С.М.Кирова | Method for making drum and disc turbine rotor |
RU2033525C1 (en) * | 1989-12-25 | 1995-04-20 | Научно-производственное объединение "Турбоатом" | Welded drum-type rotor of turbomachine |
JPH08240209A (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1996-09-17 | Topy Ind Ltd | Method for joining reinforcing bar |
CN2413839Y (en) * | 2000-03-26 | 2001-01-10 | 孙镭 | Phase double-head friction welding machine |
JP2003126968A (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2003-05-08 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Method and device for direct acting friction welding |
-
2010
- 2010-08-06 FR FR1056504A patent/FR2963577B1/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-07-20 BR BR112013001329A patent/BR112013001329A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-07-20 WO PCT/FR2011/051753 patent/WO2012017168A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-07-20 RU RU2013109947/02A patent/RU2585597C1/en active
- 2011-07-20 US US13/814,375 patent/US9073155B2/en active Active
- 2011-07-20 EP EP11754897.4A patent/EP2601009B1/en active Active
- 2011-07-20 JP JP2013522279A patent/JP2013539511A/en active Pending
- 2011-07-20 CN CN201180036773.XA patent/CN103025480B/en active Active
- 2011-07-20 CA CA2806267A patent/CA2806267A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3772763A (en) * | 1971-02-17 | 1973-11-20 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Improved lightweight crankshaft |
FR2150094A5 (en) | 1971-08-14 | 1973-03-30 | Motoren Turbinen Union | |
US3894324A (en) | 1971-08-14 | 1975-07-15 | Motoren Turbinen Union | Rotor for fluid flow machines |
US4483054A (en) | 1982-11-12 | 1984-11-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for making a drum rotor |
US4743165A (en) | 1986-10-22 | 1988-05-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Drum rotors for gas turbine engines |
US5519182A (en) * | 1992-01-14 | 1996-05-21 | Ball Burnishing Machine Tools Limited | Galled joints made with electric heating |
US20080124210A1 (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2008-05-29 | Peter Wayte | Rotary assembly components and methods of fabricating such components |
EP1927722A1 (en) | 2006-11-28 | 2008-06-04 | General Electric Company | Rotary assembly components and methods of fabricating such components |
US8002526B2 (en) * | 2007-04-13 | 2011-08-23 | Wind Simplicity, Inc. | Rotor drum for multiple rotor wind turbine |
US20090155062A1 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | Snecma | Method of designing a multistage turbine for a turbomachine |
FR2925106A1 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-19 | Snecma Sa | METHOD FOR DESIGNING A TURBOMACHINE MULTI-STAGE TURBINE |
US20090265933A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-29 | Karl Schreiber | Method for the manufacture of turbine or compressor rotors for gas-turbine engines |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
International Search Report Issued Oct. 7, 2011 in PCT/FR11/51753 Filed Jul. 20, 2011. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012017168A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
FR2963577B1 (en) | 2013-03-22 |
CA2806267A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
BR112013001329A2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
FR2963577A1 (en) | 2012-02-10 |
CN103025480B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
RU2585597C1 (en) | 2016-05-27 |
EP2601009A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 |
CN103025480A (en) | 2013-04-03 |
US20130133194A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
JP2013539511A (en) | 2013-10-24 |
EP2601009B1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
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