US904203A - Fuel-heater for explosive-engines. - Google Patents

Description

H. HERTZBERG & A. A. LOW. FUEL HEATER POR E XPLOSlVB ENGINES.

APPLIUATION YXLED 00121020.1907.

Patented NIW. 'ji

UNlTED STATES PATENT onmon.

HARRY HE-RTZBERGJOF NEW YORK, AND ABBOT A. LOW, OF

HORSESHOE, NEW YORK; SAU) HERTZBERG ASSIGNOR TO SAID LOW.

FUEL-IIEATER FOR EXBLOSIVE-ENGINES.

lilo. 904,203. Specification of Applicctiou Bled October 10, 1907.

To all wliom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HARRY Hnn'rznnno sind -Io'r A. Low, citizens the United States, residing in the city o New York, borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, and Horseshoe, county of St. Lwrence, and State ot New Yorin respectively, have invented e cel-tuin new und useful l `uell le=tter for Explosive-Enezines, of which the following 1s speoilieation.

This invention is -nn explosive Angine wherein provision is made forhenling the n, "fe-preliminary to vqnorizing the same, whereby the efficiency` ot tine engine is increased.

The invention comprises n. heating member forming o part of the fuel conduit lending to n rnporizer, such heating member being composed of electrical resistance material` nml -meaps for supplying ai current of electric energ'gyl` to said heating member, whereby the member is heated by nV current flowing through it, for the purpose of raising the temperature' of the liquid fuel o1 combustible prior to supplying the latter to e vaporizer or carbureter.

In the accompanying drawings, we have illustrated one ractieal embodiment of the invention, but t e construction shown therein to be understood as illustrative, only, and not as defining the limits of the invention.

Figure l is e side elevation of'al fuel hcnier adapted Vfor use in connection with s mporizer adapted to be connectedyto an eX- 'plosive engine. Fig. 2 is u vertical longitudinal sect ion on an enlarged seele through,I the new fuel heater. Fig. 3 is a cross section|` showing n metallic insulated liningvithin the heated resistance hollow member.

The fuel heater of this invention is rovided with a hollow member, A, Whic is composed of an electrical resistance material, such is graphite, carbon or the like. Said hollow member is in the form of a tube, the wall of which is comparatively thick. Said hollow meml'ier is provided with means whereby n current of electric energy is caused to flow "through tin, m rxber, und :it its,-y rclepcctve and portions rf iid member is united` appropriate eofipl ugs, B, C, to. ai vaporizer i?, und n l'uel supply pipe, spccnely. ,i

Finch .coupling is shown-ns consisting of members, b, c, which are sepnrbly connected by screws,.c, or their equivalents. Between the members, D, c, of each coupling there is interposed :1` layer of electric insulating material, d, and the screws c', are insulated electrically by bushings, fl', whereby the members, b, c, of each coupling nre insulated electrically from euch other. `The members, c, c, of the respective couplings, l, C, are provided with nipples, n, adopted to receive the end portions of the hollow resistance 1uembcr,'A, und said ei-u'lportions membersY` c, by liquid tight connections indicated et e in Fig. 2.

The members, c, of the couplings B, C, are shown es having the binding posts, f, f', to which are attached suitable wires or oo nductors forming parts of un electric circuit` whereby nu electric current muy be caused to traverse the hollow resistance member, A. Thebinding posts,.f, f', are m metallic contact with the membcrs,lc, of the couplings, and the ,carbon resistance member, A, is in good electrical contact with said members, c, of the couplings, thus insuring the passage of electric current through dthe resistance member, A.

The member, b, of the coupling, l, is shown as having a. jet nozzle, g', which lsfattached to a nip le, h, of an elbow, H, whereby the heater, i, is united by the `cou ling, B, to said elbow, H. The fuel pipe, extends from a suitable oil pump to the coupling, C, and one end of said pipe is united to the member, b, of saiccoupling, C. The cou ling, C, is provided with a fuel passage, D i, w ich is in alinement with the passage, a',

of the hollow resistance member, The other coupling, B, is provided with a passage, z, w ich extends throu h. the two members, b, o of said/coupling, whereby the fuel is adapted to ess through a continuous. assge from t e'fuel pipe, E, to the nozz e, g.

In the drawings, We have shown the fuel heatin member as arranged in e substantiullv orizontnl position, and as'being located between the elbow, H, and the fuel sup- "ply pipe, E, but this position of the fuel heater lind not essential features of the invention. We may nrran e the fuel heater, A, in 11n-upright position or in an inclined position, 'es will be evident to those skilled in the art.

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its relation to the other parts are oi the hollow member nre joined .with the n o on the coiled superimposed layers,

l In Fig. 2, the hollow member, A, is shown is retained 1n said member by the non having a longitudinal passage, a', which is oi greater diameter' than the passage, i', 1i', in the couplin s, andv is, also, of greater diam- 5 eter than t e pipe, E, whereby the hollow member, A, is adapted to contain a quantity of fuel for the purpose of heating .said fuel before it is `forced into the vaporizer. The hollow resistance member, AA, is provided with an external jacket of heat retaining ma` terial, said jacket being shown in Fig. 2 as composedo strands or cords of asbestos, l. The asbestos cord is wound two or more times on the hollow member, A, so as to pro- L5 duce a coiled jacket which extends between the members, c, ot' the couplings, B, C. The jacket incases the hollow member, A, for substantially its length, and, if desired, an additional layer, 2, of asbestos may be Wound The jacket may be composed of other heat confilling material `than the asbestos, it beingr preferred to employ a material which will confine the heat in the hollow member, A.

In Fig. l, the novel form of fuel heater is shown in connection with an elbow, H, and a vaporizer or carbureter, l). The elbow, ll, forms aguide for asteni,j,of a reciprocating intake valve, J, which normally closes a port,

y', in the head, J', ofthe cylinder fornnng a.

part of un internal combustion engine. The vaporizer is coupled to the elbow, H, and it is shown as having an air inlet, lc, the area of which is regulated by the adjustment of a suitable valve or damper, K. Within the chamber of the vaporizer, D, is an electrically heated member, L, the latter being in the path of a spray adapted to be supplied to the vaporizer, D, by the jet nozzle, g. The

4l) vaporizing member, L, is of the type dis member, L. The stem, j, of the intake valve,

J, 1s impelled in one direction by a. spring, m, the tension of which keeps the valve, J, normally closed on its seat, but the vulve is adapted to be opened by the operation of suitable mechanism, herein shown as a lever,

0, adapted to engage with the stem, j, said lever being operated by a rod, 0, the latter being reciprocated by or from a moving part of the engine.

The operation of the invention will. be readily understood from the foregoing descriptlon taken in connection with the rawings. A current of electric energy is admitted by one binding post, as f, to the hol# (S0-10W' member, A, and flows through said member to the other binding post, as f', thereby heating said member, A. The member in turn heats the column of liquid fuel which is contained in the member or which passes through said member, and the heat conducting jacket, l, lhe fuel pump toi-ces the liquid fuel through the pipe. E, an L the member, A, so that the nozzle` y, will spray the fuel into the vaporizer, l), and against the member, L, therein, \\'herel|`\,1 the liquid fuel is converted into vapor. The operation ci the engine opens the valve, J, and the suction produced by the movement of the piston draws in air through the port, le, the air being mixed with the vaporized fuel and producing a combustible charge which is drawn into the engine cylinder, said charge being subsequently compressed or exploded in the usual way.

Although we have shown und described the hollow heating member as having an axial passage a', through which the liquid fuel is :ida ted to flow, we do noi desire to limit ourselves to this detail, for lhe reason that we muy provide a metallic lining, within'the graphite or carbon resist-.mee member, A, as shown in Fig. Il. The lining. A', tubular, und it is arranged within the liollou` member, A, so as to be heated there by. Said lining insulatedl from direct contact with the carbon tube or member, A. by an interposed layer of mica, (1:, thus overcoming a short circuit. The lining is composed, preferably, of copper, and it is heated by the resistance member` A, whereby the liquid fuel flowing through the lining is adapted to be heated.

Having thus fully described the invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a device of the class described, a vaporizer, a hollow heating member positioned externally on said vaporizer and forming a part of a conduit for supplying :1 liquid combustible or fuel to said vaporizer, said heating member being composed of electrical resistance material., and means, or supplyiiw an electric current to said heating mem er.

2. In a. device of the class described, a

vaporizer, a hollow heating.I member 181m il U and means for supplying an electric current to the heating member.

4. In a device of the chess described, a'.

vaporizer, a fuel pi e, a hollow heatllxg` member composed'o electrical resistance material, means :tor couplingsaid heating member to the fuel pipe and the va orizer, meane` for electrically insulating the ieating member from the fuel pipe and the vaporizer, and means whereby an electric current is caused to flow lthrough Said heating member.

5. In a device of the class described. a Yaporizer, a fuel pipe, a hollow fuel-heating member composed of electrical resistance n'iaterial and forming a part of said pipe, a coupling intermediate the vaporizer and Said hollow member. said couplingy beineY eleetrieally insulated and being provided with a fuel passage, and means for electrically heating' said hollow member.

o. In a device of the clase described, a vaporizer, a fuel pipe` a hollow fuel-heating n iember composed of eleetrieal resistance material and forming a continuation of said fuel pipe, a eou )ling internuuliate the fuel pipe and the ho low member, said coupling being provided with a Jfuel passage and bein; insulated eleetrieally, and means for heating said hollow member.

T. In a deviee of the elass described, a vaporizer, a fuel pipe, a hollow meinber composed of electrical resistance material, means Jfor eleetrieally heating' `said hollow member, and couplings uniting the hollow member with the fuel pipe and the vaporizer. said eouplings havingi means for electrically ineulatinpr said hollow member from the vapo rizer and the fuel pipe.

S. In a device of the elass described, a raporizer, a hollow fuel-heating menlber CoinpoSed of electrieal. resistance material. said hollow member being positioned externally on said vaporizer and in communication therewith, means whereby said hollow member may `be included in an electric eircuit, and a heatfinsulating jacket incasing said hollow member.

ti. ln a device of the class deseribeth, a vaporizer, a hollow fuel-heating member composed of electrical resistance material, said hollow member being coupled externally to Said vaporizer and communicating therewith, means whereby said hollow member may be included in an electric circuit, and separable eouplingrsI at the respetive end portions of said hollow member.

1.0. In a device of the class described, a vaporizer, a hollow fuel-heating member composed of electrical resistance material, means whereby `said hollow member may be included in an electric eirenit, and separable eoul'ilin'gs at the respective end por tions ot' said hollow member, each coupling being provided with an electrical insulation between the separable portions thereof, one of sa'id couplings uniting' Said hollow member to the yaporizer.

ll. ln a device of the class deseribed, a Yaporizer` a hollow fuel-heating); member composed of eleetrieal resistance material, means whereby ,said hollow member may be included in an electric eireuit, a 'fuel pipe, eoupling's at the respective end portions of the hollow member, for uniting the latter to the vaporizer and the fuel pipo, and a noni conducting jacket incasing;r the hollow member.

lit. In iaporizer, a hollow fuel-heating member composed of electrical resistance material, means whereby .said hollow member may be ineluded in an electric circuit: a luel pipe. separable metallitI couplings at the respective end portions of the hollow member for uniting the hollow member to said vaporizer and the Jr'nel pipe, each coupling` having an electrical insulation between the separable parte` thereof, and a non-conducting jacket ineasing the hollow member and extending between the couplings thereon.

in testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HARRY HERTZBERG. ABBOT A. LOW.

Witnesses M. A. WARREN,

GEO. "WELLING Gmomos.

a devine of` the clase described, a

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